The American Ruling Class

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The American Ruling Class is one of the most unusual films to be made in America in recent years -- both in terms of form and content. The form is a 'dramatic-documentary-musical' and the content is our country's most taboo topic: class, power and privilege in our nominally democratic republic.

At bottom the film is a morality tale, the story of two Yale students (played by Harvard men) who seek their opportunities upon graduation. As the renowned essayist, author and longtime Harper's magazine editor Lewis Lapham conducts them through the corridors of power: Pentagon press briefings, the World Economic Forum, philanthropic foundations, Washington law firms, corporations, banks, the Council on Foreign Relations, and New York society dinners--our two representative graduates 'one rich and the other not so rich' must struggle with their responsibilities in 'a world collaterally damaged by the magic of money and the miracles of science.' The real-life luminaries they meet on their journey become characters in a story about power, its responsibilities and abuses.

All the while 'the Mighty Wurlitzer' plays on, a reference to the massive propaganda apparatus invented by the CIA's Frank Wisner, here used to signify the nocturnal philosophy of acquisition and imperial hubris which continually calls to the young men, the siren song of careerist myopia that was bred into their bones at school.

As we watch these two young men wend their way through what is only a slight fictionalization of their actual lives and choices, as we meet former Secretaries of State and Defense, directors of the Trilateral Commission and the Council on Foreign Relations, the publisher of The New York Times, Kurt Vonnegut, Howard Zinn, Barbara Ehrenreich, Robert Altman and a host of others, we have to ask along with Mr. Lapham: 'To what end the genius of the Wall Street banks and the force of the Pentagon's colossal weapons? Where does America discover the wisdom to play with its wonderful toys?' The possible answers move beyond the empty distinction of party affiliation and into the heart of American Oligarchy itself. By film's end, the young men must decide: Should they seek to rule the world, or to save it?

Appearing on the screen are a range of leaders and commentators from across the political spectrum, among them: the late Robert B. Altman, James A. Baker III, Bill Bradley, Harold Brown, Hodding Carter III, William T. Coleman, Jr., Walter Cronkite, Barbara Ehrenreich, Vartan Gregorian, Doug Henwood, Mike Medavoy, Joseph S. Nye, Jr., John Perkins, (a.k.a., the economic hit-man) Samuel Peabody, Pete Seeger, Lawrence H. Summers, Arthur O. Sulzberger, Jr., William Howard Taft IV, the late Kurt Vonnegut and Howard Zinn.

'The American Ruling Class is a crowning achievement of cinematic sociology and a most unique treatment of America's unspoken system of class inequality. Lapham's unprecedented access to the American ruling class, the ability to question these elites directly about how the American ruling class works, and the contrast between the netherworld of the dominating and the grim prospects of the dominated make this a must-see for those concerned about the future of our economy and social order. The ability to do all of this from the perspective of young college graduates is nothing short of remarkable.' Kevin T. Leicht, Professor and Director of the Institute for Inequality Studies, The University of Iowa, Author, Post-Industrial Peasants: The Illusion of Middle Class Prosperity

'A brilliant documentary/comedy, part Monty Python, part Michael Moore; brings to life the question: Can one join the power elite and yet work for the public interest? Well worth watching for the interviews with the likes of James Baker and Hodding Carter.' Joseph A. Soares, Professor of Sociology, Wake Forest University, Author, Power of Privilege: Yale and America's Elite Colleges

'The American Ruling Class is a funny, thought-provoking, and troubling film, one that will surely spark lively and critical discussions...[Its] complexity is a strength - it invites critical discussion, rather than proffering a forceful truth. The American Ruling Class is a fable, yet unlike most fables, it does not offer a clear moral for its tale, nor are good and evil easy to identify. This subtlety demands that the audience engage, and this film would certainly generate good conversation.' Sherry Lee Linkon, Professor of English and American Studies, Co-director, Center for Working-Class Studies, Youngstown State University

'Americans have long debated whether access to wealth and power in their society is open to all who seek success and are willing to work hard for it -- or if, instead, behind the facade of American democratic institutions a small, self-perpetuating elite exercises command over key decisions and national resources. In this musical 'mockumentary,' intellectual provocateur Lewis Lapham poses the question: 'Is there an American ruling class?'...A second question promptly surfaces: 'Can one do good by doing well, or are the interests of the American ruling class fundamentally at odds with the interests of the wider American public and of a majority the world's population?' Students contemplating important career decisions should find this film entertaining, unsettling, and enlightening.' Gary J. Kornblith, Professor of History, Oberlin College, Contributor, Ruling America: A History of Wealth and Power in a Democracy

'I thoroughly enjoyed this quirky film about privilege in American society...Students are inclined to believe that money will be the route to happiness, a belief I hope they will question as they make decisions about their futures. I look forward to using this film as a provocative way to encourage students to think about this relationship.' Linda K. Trevino, Professor of Organizational Behavior, Cook Fellow in Business Ethics, Smeal College of Business, The Pennsylvania State University

'Wow, who'd have thought a stodgy old geezer like Lewis Lapham would produce such a hip and happening video! Guaranteed to stimulate hours of heated--but meaningful--classroom discussion about personal ethical choices, this is must viewing for undergraduate business students and younger MBA candidates.' James O'Toole, Daniels Distinguished Professor of Business Ethics, Daniels College of Business, University of Denver

'Throughout, Kirby approaches the topic in a light, entertaining manner that holds viewer interest...Recommended for audiences concerned with our future and how others see us.' Library Journal

'Offering unique insights into modern American class structure, The American Ruling Class is an informative, compelling, and strongly recommended examination of how an elite American oligarchy, an integrated political and economic superstructure perpetrates itself, how it recruits its initiates, how it stays in control of American governmental, educational, and commercial organizations, and how it influences the American 'body politic' to abide by the interests of the ruling class -- even when they run counter to the middle class, the working class, and the underclass...Dramatic, superbly produced and directed, thoughtful and thought provoking, [the film] offers a candor rarely glimpsed by ordinary citizens into who really calls the shots in America during these opening years and decades of the 21st Century.' The Midwest Book Review

'One should not mistake the musical treatment as a means to cushion the blows, or as a 'Mark Russell-esque' satire. Holding nothing back, this film goes on a rare and unrepentant crusade...A powerful work with a high recommendation. Highly Recommended.' Michael J. Coffta, Business Librarian, Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania, Educational Media Reviews Online

'Unlike many films that question the current class structure, [The American Ruling Class] does not ambush the powerful...Instead, men who believe that the world is fair as it is are given a chance to present their case...The filmmakers do not take the easy way out and offer simple answers...This will be a fantastic film for college classrooms...The wealth of unanswered questions should provoke intense discussions among students.' Katherine Walker, Virginia Commonwealth University, Anthropology Review Database

'Dances to a different tune than most documentaries...The American Ruling Class tackles a serious topic, but does so humorously without making light of the real problems. Sure to spark discussion, this is highly recommended.' Video Librarian

'Thought provoking and worthy of discussion...An interesting theme to investigate in a class that treats social inequality or social class in depth.' Teaching Sociology

'Provocative...Quirky--a kind of inverted reality show, in which characters are fictional but the circumstances are real...The two young men meet an astonishing number of actual members of the ruling class, most of whom deny the existence of their own kind.' New Labor Forum

'An amazingly good day for documentaries also sees the premier of John Kirby's astonishing documentary/drama/musical (yes, really) which also serves as a call to arms for everyone to think about how their actions will affect the future in which we live. Narrated and written by the wonderful, laconic Lewis Lapham, this should not be missed.' Sarah Hughes, The London Observer

'The American Ruling Class is the most cinematically subversive film to come along this decade. Led by the extremely lucid and funny Lewis Lapham, the nation's number one intellectual treasure, the film takes us on a luminous quest... Director John Kirby has fashioned a sly film; it plays with form, but is populist in outreach, transcending documentary expectations with wit, style and political savvy.' Peter Wintonick, Director/Producer, Manufacturing Consent: Noam Chomsky and the Media

'While fooling around with my TV, seeking out the Cubs-Sox ball game, I accidentally encountered a remarkable and revelatory documentary. The American Ruling Class k.o.'d me, telling 'ordinary' citizens who it is - or what means are used - to run our 'democratic' society. The mentor of two of the 'heirs' just out of Yale University, was Lewis Lapham, the most hip and perceptive editor of all our monthlies. It is an astonishing program - but, more important, tells us who really runs things.
P.S. I missed the Cubs-Sox game, nothing was lost, much was gained.'
Studs Terkel

'[A] satirical tour thru the corridors of power with Lewis Lapham...The film takes on our political and financial elites, the top of America's food chain, but it's all for a purpose: to remind us of those who are struggling just to make ends meet.' Bill Moyers

'[An] entertaining documentary, The American Ruling Class offers a guided safari through the tribal haunts of the power elite.' James Wolcott, Vanity Fair

'The film's best moment comes with a Barbara Ehrenreich interview. In the late 90s Ehrenreich went undercover to take on various low-wage jobs (waitress, hotel chambermaid among them) and then report on how difficult it was to live on those earnings. She discusses her findings here, which culminate in a full-blown musical number, in which employees sing about being nickel-and-dimed. The scene is divine madness...Ultimately, The American Ruling Class feels like a documentary version of The Wizard of Oz as director John Kirby and Lapham attempt to illuminate the heart of darkness inside the American political-economic machine. What they find ain't pretty.' Mathew Hays, Montreal Mirror

'A very funny and fascinating search for America's ruling class. ***1/2' Mark Rifkin, This Week in New York

'Lapham...with his easy charm and Luciferian tendency to pop up out of nowhere, injects every scene he's in with sly humor.' Darrel Hartman, Yale Alumni Magazine

' The American Ruling Class was a highlight of WFF's season. A poignant look at what's both sublime and sad about our country, made by artists with genuine heart, brains, and class.' Steve Lawson, Executive Director, Williamstown Film Festival

'Expect hard-hitting glimpses of America's class war and the widening gap between rich and poor...The economic and political observations expressed in The American Ruling Class are as lethally on-target as a Red-tailed Hawk's deadly talons. Quirky, amusing, original, educational, and illuminating, it's like watching a Michael Moore documentary set to show tunes.' Feminist Review

'That unusual animal, the political documentary with high-wattage star power' John Anderson, VARIETY

'I know we're not supposed to have favorites, but I've seen this movie twice and I love it.' Jane Rosenthal, co-founder, Tribeca Film Festival from the New York Times

'A cleverly contemporary social analysis...Unforgettably revealing interviews.' New York Press

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Main credits

Kirby, John (Producer)
Kirby, John (Director)
Handros, Libby (Producer)
Lapham, Lewis (Screenwriter)
Altman, Robert B (act)
Baker, James Addison (act)
Bradley, Bill (act)
Brown, Harold (act)
Carter, Hodding (act)

Other credits

Director of photography, Mark Benjamin; editor, Leah O'Donnell, John Kirby; music, Qasim Naqvi, Lucas Revolution.

MARC Record See Worldcat record

Keywords

musicals, documentary, satire, class, power, privilege, Yale, Harvard, Lewis Lapham, Harper's magazine, Pentagon press briefings, world economic forum, Elaine's, foundations, law firms, corporations, banks, Council on Foreign Relations, CIA, Frank Wisner, secretary of state, secretary of defense, Trilateral Commission, New York Times, oligarchy, Robert B. Altman, James A. Baker III, Bill Bradley, Harold Brown, Hodding Carter III, William T. Coleman, Jr., Walter Cronkite, Barbara Ehrenreich, Martin Garbus, Vartan Gregorian, Doug Henwood, Mike Medavoy, Joseph S. Nye, Jr., John Perkins, Samuel Peabody, Peter G. Peterson, Pete Seeger, Lawrence H. Summers, Arthur O. Sulzberger, Jr., William Howard Taft IV, Kurt Vonnegut, Joseph Wilson and Howard Zinn; "The American Ruling Class"; Bullfrog Films

WEBVTT

00:00:23.999 --> 00:00:26.999
[cheerful acoustic guitar music]

00:00:55.626 --> 00:00:59.082
(man)
HERE WE ARE, A-SAILING

00:00:59.083 --> 00:01:03.166
ADRIFT WITHOUT A DREAM

00:01:03.167 --> 00:01:06.998
WE LIVE FOR GOD AND COUNTRY

00:01:06.999 --> 00:01:10.998
AND YES, OUR GOD IS GREEN

00:01:10.999 --> 00:01:14.958
SO PUT YOUR ARMS AROUND ME

00:01:14.959 --> 00:01:18.998
UNTIL THE BREAK OF DAWN

00:01:18.999 --> 00:01:21.082
\'CAUSE LATE AT NIGHT

00:01:21.083 --> 00:01:27.082
THE GREAT AND MIGHTY
WURLITZER PLAYS ON.

00:01:27.083 --> 00:01:30.998
[whistling]

00:01:30.999 --> 00:01:34.500
IN A WORLD COLLATERALLY DAMAGED
BY THE MAGIC OF MONEY

00:01:34.501 --> 00:01:36.374
AND THE MIRACLES OF SCIENCE,

00:01:36.375 --> 00:01:38.750
NO QUESTIONS
GET ASKED MORE OFTEN

00:01:38.751 --> 00:01:42.708
THAN THE ONES ABOUT THE USES
OF AMERICA\'S WEALTH AND POWER.

00:01:42.709 --> 00:01:45.998
TO WHAT END THE GENIUS
OF THE WALL STREET BANKS

00:01:45.999 --> 00:01:49.082
AND THE FORCE OF THE PENTAGON\'S
COLOSSAL WEAPONS?

00:01:49.083 --> 00:01:51.124
WHERE DOES AMERICA DISCOVER
THE WISDOM

00:01:51.125 --> 00:01:54.208
TO PLAY
WITH ITS WONDERFUL TOYS?

00:01:54.209 --> 00:01:56.541
THE QUESTIONS TOUCH
ON THE CHARACTER

00:01:56.542 --> 00:01:58.998
OF THE AMERICAN RULING CLASS.

00:01:58.999 --> 00:02:01.333
AND IF THEY\'RE HARD TO ANSWER,

00:02:01.334 --> 00:02:04.917
IT\'S BECAUSE WE LIKE TO PRETEND
THAT NO SUCH THING

00:02:04.918 --> 00:02:08.291
AS A RULING CLASS HAS EVER
DARKENED AN AMERICAN SHORE

00:02:08.292 --> 00:02:13.792
OR DANCED BY THE LIGHT
OF AN AMERICAN MOON.

00:02:15.751 --> 00:02:18.875
HERE WE ARE,
A-SAILING,

00:02:18.876 --> 00:02:21.998
ADRIFT WITHOUT A DREAM

00:02:21.999 --> 00:02:26.208
AND THOUGH THE NEWS
IS FRIGHTENING

00:02:26.209 --> 00:02:29.583
IT\'S NEVER WHAT IT SEEMS

00:02:29.584 --> 00:02:33.124
SO PUT YOUR ARMS AROUND ME

00:02:33.125 --> 00:02:37.124
UNTIL THE BREAK OF DAWN

00:02:37.125 --> 00:02:38.875
\'CAUSE LATE AT NIGHT

00:02:38.876 --> 00:02:44.209
THE GREAT AND MIGHTY
WURLITZER PLAYS ON.

00:02:46.751 --> 00:02:48.958
(Lapham) OUR WISH TO PRESERVE
THE ILLUSION

00:02:48.959 --> 00:02:50.708
OF A CLASSLESS SOCIETY

00:02:50.709 --> 00:02:52.998
LENDS ITSELF TO THE TELLING
OF A STORY,

00:02:52.999 --> 00:02:54.998
A STORY ABOUT TWO YOUNG MEN

00:02:54.999 --> 00:02:57.374
WHO DON\'T KNOW WHETHER
THEY WANT TO RULE THE WORLD

00:02:57.375 --> 00:02:58.998
OR SAVE IT.

00:02:58.999 --> 00:03:00.625
I\'VE PLACED BOTH OF THEM

00:03:00.626 --> 00:03:03.041
IN A GRADUATING CLASS
AT YALE COLLEGE

00:03:03.042 --> 00:03:06.333
AND THUS IN A POSITION
TO WIN ALL THE PRIZES

00:03:06.334 --> 00:03:08.998
IN THE GREAT AMERICAN
AMUSEMENT PARK.

00:03:08.999 --> 00:03:11.249
[crowd cheering]

00:03:11.250 --> 00:03:13.249
I\'VE GIVEN THEM THE NAMES
JACK BELLAMY

00:03:13.250 --> 00:03:15.416
AND MIKE VANZETTI,

00:03:15.417 --> 00:03:17.583
TWO CHARACTERS
OF MY OWN INVENTION,

00:03:17.584 --> 00:03:18.584
ONE RICH,

00:03:18.585 --> 00:03:20.708
THE OTHER NOT SO RICH,

00:03:20.709 --> 00:03:24.998
HERE PORTRAYED BY AMATEUR ACTORS
WELL SUITED TO THE PARTS.

00:03:24.999 --> 00:03:27.458
I MEAN FOR THEM
TO SERVE AS SURROGATES

00:03:27.459 --> 00:03:30.124
FOR THE GENERATION
OF THEIR PEERS.

00:03:30.125 --> 00:03:32.249
WELL, I\'VE GOT AN OFFER
FROM GOLDMAN SACHS

00:03:32.250 --> 00:03:34.875
TO GO AND WORK IN INVESTMENT
BANKING IN NEW YORK CITY.

00:03:34.876 --> 00:03:35.998
THAT\'S FANTASTIC.

00:03:35.999 --> 00:03:37.500
ARE YOU EXCITED ABOUT THAT?

00:03:37.501 --> 00:03:38.998
SURE, I GUESS.

00:03:38.999 --> 00:03:40.166
NO GUESS.

00:03:40.167 --> 00:03:41.791
GREAT CAREER.

00:03:41.792 --> 00:03:44.875
YOU MEET A LOT OF NICE PEOPLE,
MAKE A LOT OF MONEY.

00:03:44.876 --> 00:03:47.374
DON\'T LOOK A GIFT HORSE
IN THE MOUTH, JACK.

00:03:47.375 --> 00:03:49.458
AND WHAT ABOUT YOU, MIKE?

00:03:49.459 --> 00:03:51.666
WELL, ACTUALLY,
I THOUGHT I MIGHT TAKE A YEAR

00:03:51.667 --> 00:03:54.998
TO WRITE
AND WORK SOME ODD JOBS.

00:03:54.999 --> 00:03:56.875
A SHOCKING MISUSE
OF YOUR PARENTS\' MONEY.

00:03:56.876 --> 00:03:59.998
(Mike)
SO THEY TELL ME.

00:03:59.999 --> 00:04:01.416
BOTH OF YOU GENTLEMEN
HAVE A CHANCE

00:04:01.417 --> 00:04:03.291
TO BECOME MEMBERS
OF THE AMERICAN RULING CLASS,

00:04:03.292 --> 00:04:04.998
AND I DON\'T SEE
WHY YOU DON\'T AVAIL YOURSELF

00:04:04.999 --> 00:04:07.374
OF THAT OPPORTUNITY.

00:04:07.375 --> 00:04:08.876
RULING CLASS?

00:04:09.999 --> 00:04:11.625
(Lapham)
AS WAS TRUE

00:04:11.626 --> 00:04:12.998
IN THE EARLY YEARS
OF THE REPUBLIC,

00:04:12.999 --> 00:04:15.958
THE COUNTRY IS GOVERNED
BY A COMMERCIAL OLIGARCHY,

00:04:15.959 --> 00:04:19.291
AND THE CITIZEN WHO CANNOT
AFFORD THE LUXURY

00:04:19.292 --> 00:04:21.458
OF A CONTRARY OPINION

00:04:21.459 --> 00:04:26.666
LEARNS OF NECESSITY
TO DANCE THE BEGGAR\'S WALTZ.

00:04:26.667 --> 00:04:29.541
(woman)
HERE WE ARE, A-SAILING

00:04:29.542 --> 00:04:33.500
ADRIFT WITHOUT A DREAM

00:04:33.501 --> 00:04:36.998
WE LIVE FOR GOD AND COUNTRY

00:04:36.999 --> 00:04:40.666
AND, YES, OUR GOD IS GREEN

00:04:40.667 --> 00:04:44.291
SO PUT YOUR ARMS AROUND ME

00:04:44.292 --> 00:04:48.208
UNTIL THE BREAK OF DAWN

00:04:48.209 --> 00:04:49.998
\'CAUSE LATE AT NIGHT

00:04:49.999 --> 00:04:54.999
THE GREAT AND MIGHTY
WURLITZER PLAYS ON

00:05:02.292 --> 00:05:05.291
(Lapham) I HAD NO WAY OF KNOWING
WHETHER THE TWO YOUNG MEN

00:05:05.292 --> 00:05:08.374
WOULD FIND THEIR WAY
TO A HANDSOME PRIZE

00:05:08.375 --> 00:05:10.166
OR A NOBLE PURPOSE.

00:05:10.167 --> 00:05:13.875
BUT BY RECORDING THEIR
EXPERIMENTS WITH REALITY,

00:05:13.876 --> 00:05:16.208
MAYBE I COULD DIVINE
THE CHARACTER

00:05:16.209 --> 00:05:17.291
OF THE AMERICAN FUTURE.

00:05:17.292 --> 00:05:18.292
HOW ARE YOU DOING?

00:05:18.292 --> 00:05:19.292
GOOD, HOW ARE YOU?

00:05:19.292 --> 00:05:20.292
FUNNY TO SEE YOU HERE.

00:05:20.293 --> 00:05:21.833
WHAT HAVE YOU
BEEN UP TO?

00:05:21.834 --> 00:05:24.998
OH, JUST ENJOYING MYSELF
AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE

00:05:24.999 --> 00:05:26.208
BEFORE THE REAL WORLD BEGINS.

00:05:26.209 --> 00:05:27.209
HOW ABOUT YOU?

00:05:27.210 --> 00:05:29.209
I GOT A WAITERING JOB.

00:05:30.626 --> 00:05:32.958
HOW\'S THAT?

00:05:32.959 --> 00:05:33.959
BUT I\'M STILL TROUBLED

00:05:33.960 --> 00:05:36.666
BY YOU CALLING IT
A RULING CLASS.

00:05:36.667 --> 00:05:37.791
I MEAN, THIS IS AMERICA.

00:05:37.792 --> 00:05:38.998
IT\'S A DEMOCRACY.

00:05:38.999 --> 00:05:42.833
PEOPLE GET WHERE THEY\'RE GOING
BASED ON MERIT.

00:05:42.834 --> 00:05:45.291
ALL RULING CLASSES
ARE BASED ON MERIT, JACK.

00:05:45.292 --> 00:05:47.833
THE PRINCIPLE WAS AS TRUE
OF NAZI GERMANY

00:05:47.834 --> 00:05:50.583
AS IT WAS
OF LOUIS XIV\'S FRANCE.

00:05:50.584 --> 00:05:53.416
THE QUESTION IS,
HOW DO YOU DEFINE MERIT?

00:05:53.417 --> 00:05:55.998
OF WHAT DOES MERIT
CONSIST?

00:05:55.999 --> 00:05:57.666
RIGHT, BECAUSE
IN THE OLD MONARCHIES,

00:05:57.667 --> 00:05:59.333
MERIT WAS BORN
IN THE BLOOD.

00:05:59.334 --> 00:06:01.458
THE QUESTION IS,
WHERE IS IT BORN IN AMERICA?

00:06:01.459 --> 00:06:02.999
WHY DON\'T WE TRY TO FIND OUT?

00:06:04.834 --> 00:06:07.998
THERE ARE A FEW SIMPLE AXIOMS
TO COMMIT TO MEMORY,

00:06:07.999 --> 00:06:11.082
A FEW HABITS OF MIND
TO LEARN OR UNLEARN.

00:06:11.083 --> 00:06:13.291
WE MIGHT DO
A LITTLE FIELD RESEARCH,

00:06:13.292 --> 00:06:17.583
MEET SOME IMPORTANT PEOPLE,
SEE HOW THE SYSTEM WORKS.

00:06:17.584 --> 00:06:18.708
SOUND GOOD?

00:06:18.709 --> 00:06:19.709
DEFINITELY.

00:06:19.709 --> 00:06:20.709
SURE.

00:06:20.710 --> 00:06:23.208
DONE.

00:06:23.209 --> 00:06:26.209
[can-can music playing]

00:06:28.250 --> 00:06:30.208
(Lapham)
JACK, THIS IS A GREAT VENUE

00:06:30.209 --> 00:06:33.291
TO ASK ABOUT THE AMERICAN
RULING CLASS.

00:06:33.292 --> 00:06:35.208
AND WHILE YOU\'RE HERE
TONIGHT, JACK,

00:06:35.209 --> 00:06:37.041
THERE\'S CERTAIN RULES
THAT WOULD BE USEFUL

00:06:37.042 --> 00:06:38.166
FOR YOU TO REMEMBER.

00:06:38.167 --> 00:06:40.416
FIRST, SEEK OUT
THE ACQUAINTANCE

00:06:40.417 --> 00:06:41.998
OF PEOPLE RICHER

00:06:41.999 --> 00:06:43.750
AND MORE IMPORTANT
THAN YOURSELF,

00:06:43.751 --> 00:06:44.998
AND DON\'T TAKE
AN INTEREST

00:06:44.999 --> 00:06:47.374
IN PEOPLE WHO CAN\'T
DO YOU ANY FAVORS.

00:06:47.375 --> 00:06:49.917
WHEN YOU YOURSELF
BECOME RICH AND FAMOUS,

00:06:49.918 --> 00:06:52.998
THEN YOU CAN COLLECT FRIENDS
IN THE SAME WAY

00:06:52.999 --> 00:06:56.917
THAT NIKE COLLECTS
PRIZE ATHLETES

00:06:56.918 --> 00:06:57.998
OR THAT PHILIP II
OF SPAIN

00:06:57.999 --> 00:06:59.999
ONCE COLLECTED DWARFS.

00:07:02.876 --> 00:07:05.166
LADIES AND GENTLEMEN,
MR. KURT VONNEGUT.

00:07:05.167 --> 00:07:08.167
[cheers and applause]

00:07:11.667 --> 00:07:13.998
IF ANYBODY CAN COME BACK
FROM THE DEAD

00:07:13.999 --> 00:07:15.082
AND THEN WRITE ABOUT IT,

00:07:15.083 --> 00:07:16.998
IT WILL HAVE TO BE
GEORGE PLIMPTON.

00:07:16.999 --> 00:07:19.998
[cheers and applause]

00:07:19.999 --> 00:07:21.166
I\'M TRYING TO FIGURE OUT

00:07:21.167 --> 00:07:23.998
IF THERE\'S
AN AMERICAN RULING CLASS.

00:07:23.999 --> 00:07:25.998
WELL, MY LORD, LOOK...

00:07:25.999 --> 00:07:27.998
[laughter]

00:07:27.999 --> 00:07:32.500
YOU ASK THAT QUESTION
IN THE PRESENCE OF THIS MAN?

00:07:32.501 --> 00:07:34.041
(Jack) SOME PEOPLE SAY
THERE\'S NOT.

00:07:34.042 --> 00:07:35.998
(Vonnegut)
IT\'S A VERY SIMPLE PROBLEM.

00:07:35.999 --> 00:07:37.583
YOU BUY A JET PLANE
OF YOUR OWN,

00:07:37.584 --> 00:07:39.166
OR YOU CAN BUY
A PRESIDENT.

00:07:39.167 --> 00:07:41.998
BUY A PRESIDENT,
LIVE FOREVER, RIGHT?

00:07:41.999 --> 00:07:43.998
CAN YOU REALLY BUY
A PRESIDENT IN THIS...

00:07:43.999 --> 00:07:47.998
CAN YOU REALLY BUY THE PRESIDENT
OF THE UNITED STATES?

00:07:47.999 --> 00:07:50.333
WHERE WERE YOU EDUCATED,
AND WHO ARE YOU?

00:07:50.334 --> 00:07:51.998
[laughter]

00:07:51.999 --> 00:07:52.999
SO WHAT DO YOU...

00:07:53.000 --> 00:07:55.458
WHAT DO YOU RECOMMEND
THAT A YOUNG MAN

00:07:55.459 --> 00:08:00.998
SETTING OUT IN THE WORLD
IN AMERICA DO TODAY?

00:08:00.999 --> 00:08:03.082
WHAT ARE THE OPTIONS FOR...

00:08:03.083 --> 00:08:07.458
WELL, YOU COULD MAKE HUMANITY
PROUD OF YOU INSTEAD OF ASHAMED.

00:08:07.459 --> 00:08:08.958
BY DOING WHAT?

00:08:08.959 --> 00:08:11.666
BY DOING SOMETHING VIRTUOUS,

00:08:11.667 --> 00:08:15.041
AND THE CHRISTIAN DESCRIPTIONS
OF VIRTUOUS BEHAVIOR

00:08:15.042 --> 00:08:18.998
ARE NOT BAD AT ALL.

00:08:18.999 --> 00:08:20.124
UNSELFISHNESS.

00:08:20.125 --> 00:08:21.918
VIRTUE, JACK,
VIRTUE.

00:08:24.999 --> 00:08:26.208
JACK, THIS IS THE MAN.

00:08:26.209 --> 00:08:28.458
(male announcer) DIRECT FROM OUR NEWSROOM
IN NEW YORK,

00:08:28.459 --> 00:08:30.998
IN COLOR,
THIS IS THE CBS EVENING NEWS

00:08:30.999 --> 00:08:32.041
WITH WALTER CRONKITE

00:08:32.042 --> 00:08:36.333
TO SAY THAT WE ARE MIRED
IN STALEMATE

00:08:36.334 --> 00:08:39.917
SEEMS THE ONLY REALISTIC,
IF UNSATISFACTORY, CONCLUSION.

00:08:39.918 --> 00:08:40.918
AND THAT\'S THE WAY IT IS.

00:08:40.918 --> 00:08:41.918
THAT\'S THE WAY IT IS.

00:08:41.919 --> 00:08:43.208
AND THAT\'S THE WAY IT IS.

00:08:43.209 --> 00:08:47.416
AND THAT\'S THE WAY IT IS,
MONDAY, SEPTEMBER THE 2ND, 1963.

00:08:47.417 --> 00:08:49.333
THIS IS WALTER CRONKITE.
GOOD NIGHT.

00:08:49.334 --> 00:08:51.291
(Jack) WELL, WE HAVE BEEN TRYING
TO DISCOVER

00:08:51.292 --> 00:08:55.998
IF IN FACT THERE IS
AN AMERICAN RULING CLASS.

00:08:55.999 --> 00:08:57.750
I\'M AFRAID
THERE IS.

00:08:57.751 --> 00:09:01.500
I DON\'T THINK IT SERVES
DEMOCRACY WELL,

00:09:01.501 --> 00:09:02.958
IF THAT IS TRUE.

00:09:02.959 --> 00:09:04.291
BUT I THINK
THERE IS.

00:09:04.292 --> 00:09:07.998
THE RULING CLASS
IS THE RICH

00:09:07.999 --> 00:09:12.416
WHO REALLY COMMAND
OUR INDUSTRY,

00:09:12.417 --> 00:09:15.333
OUR COMMERCE,
OUR FINANCE.

00:09:15.334 --> 00:09:20.998
AND THOSE PEOPLE
ARE ABLE TO SO MANIPULATE

00:09:20.999 --> 00:09:23.998
OUR DEMOCRACY

00:09:23.999 --> 00:09:27.917
THAT THEY REALLY CONTROL
THE DEMOCRACY, I FEEL.

00:09:27.918 --> 00:09:30.541
AND THAT\'S THE WAY IT REALLY IS,
MONDAY, AUGUST 3RD...

00:09:30.542 --> 00:09:31.917
(men)
THE WAY IT IS.

00:09:31.918 --> 00:09:34.958
THAT\'S THE WAY IT IS.

00:09:34.959 --> 00:09:37.416
(women)
THAT\'S THE WAY IT IS.

00:09:37.417 --> 00:09:39.333
ONE OTHER QUESTION:

00:09:39.334 --> 00:09:41.708
SHOULD HE TRY
TO JOIN IT?

00:09:41.709 --> 00:09:43.249
JOIN THE RULING CLASS?

00:09:43.250 --> 00:09:46.166
BY ALL MEANS.

00:09:46.167 --> 00:09:49.333
THE MORE SENSITIVE
TO OUR DEMOCRATIC NEEDS

00:09:49.334 --> 00:09:51.416
WHO JOIN
THE RULING CLASS,

00:09:51.417 --> 00:09:53.998
THE MORE SUCCESSFUL
OUR DEMOCRACY WILL BE

00:09:53.999 --> 00:09:56.918
AND THE MORE LIKELY
ITS SURVIVAL.

00:09:58.999 --> 00:10:01.541
(Jack) HOW DO YOU GET INTO
THE RULING CLASS?

00:10:01.542 --> 00:10:02.998
(Cronkite)
IF YOU ARE SMART ENOUGH,

00:10:02.999 --> 00:10:04.999
THE RULING CLASS
WILL INVITE YOU IN.

00:10:12.083 --> 00:10:13.791
THEY NEED SMARTS.

00:10:13.792 --> 00:10:15.041
THEY NEED INTELLIGENCE.

00:10:15.042 --> 00:10:17.041
THEY NEED EDUCATION.

00:10:17.042 --> 00:10:19.999
THEY NEED IT TO CONTINUE
TO SURVIVE AS A RULING CLASS.

00:10:23.501 --> 00:10:28.374
(Lapham) JACK APPRECIATED THE FIREWORKS,
ADMIRED THE DANCING GIRLS.

00:10:28.375 --> 00:10:31.124
MAYBE HE DOUBTED THE EXISTENCE
OF A RULING CLASS,

00:10:31.125 --> 00:10:34.166
BUT AT LEAST HE HAD BEGUN
TO NOTICE THAT THE COUNTRY

00:10:34.167 --> 00:10:37.834
WAS GOVERNED BY THE PEOPLE
WHO OWN IT.

00:10:43.125 --> 00:10:46.208
MIKE\'S CHARACTER
WAS MORE DIFFICULT TO CONSTRUCT.

00:10:46.209 --> 00:10:47.998
HE REMEMBERED THE NAMES
OF DEAD POETS,

00:10:47.999 --> 00:10:52.958
WONDERED WHERE AND HOW
TO CATCH A FALLING STAR.

00:10:52.959 --> 00:10:54.998
BECAUSE I WAS FAMILIAR
WITH THE WRETCHEDNESS

00:10:54.999 --> 00:10:57.875
OF A WOULD-BE WRITER\'S LIFE,

00:10:57.876 --> 00:11:00.708
I THOUGHT TO RAISE HIS SPIRITS
BY TAKING HIM TO ELAINE\'S.

00:11:00.709 --> 00:11:03.041
A BOOK PUBLISHER
WAS THROWING A PARTY

00:11:03.042 --> 00:11:04.750
FOR A WHISTLE-BLOWING DIPLOMAT

00:11:04.751 --> 00:11:07.458
WHO HAD JUST CASHED IN
HIS FIRST AMENDMENT RIGHTS

00:11:07.459 --> 00:11:11.041
AND SO PROVED THE EXISTENCE
OF A FREE PRESS.

00:11:11.042 --> 00:11:13.998
AND THE EXTENT TO WHICH
THIS BOOK ENRICHES THAT DEBATE,

00:11:13.999 --> 00:11:14.999
I\'M DELIGHTED.

00:11:15.000 --> 00:11:17.999
[applause]

00:11:19.999 --> 00:11:21.998
WHAT\'S WRONG WITH A CAREER
IN JOURNALISM?

00:11:21.999 --> 00:11:23.917
HEMINGWAY BEGAN
AS A JOURNALIST.

00:11:23.918 --> 00:11:25.291
DO DID WILLIAM RANDOLPH HEARST.

00:11:25.292 --> 00:11:27.458
YOU DID EDIT
THE COLLEGE NEWSPAPER,

00:11:27.459 --> 00:11:28.500
DIDN\'T YOU, MIKE?

00:11:28.501 --> 00:11:30.998
I DID, BUT I STARTED
TO FEEL UNEASY

00:11:30.999 --> 00:11:32.833
ABOUT THE WORLD
OF PROFESSIONAL JOURNALISM.

00:11:32.834 --> 00:11:34.583
I MEAN, IT ALL SEEMS TO REVOLVE

00:11:34.584 --> 00:11:36.291
AROUND ADVERTISING
ON THE ONE HAND

00:11:36.292 --> 00:11:38.998
AND ANONYMOUS OFFICIAL SOURCES
ON THE OTHER.

00:11:38.999 --> 00:11:41.041
LOOK AT THIS,
ALL FROM ONE ARTICLE.

00:11:41.042 --> 00:11:44.374
\"A SENIOR DEFENSE DEPARTMENT
OFFICIAL SAID,\"

00:11:44.375 --> 00:11:46.416
\"A HIGHLY PLACED
ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL SAID,\"

00:11:46.417 --> 00:11:47.833
\"OFFICIAL SAID,
OFFICIAL SAID.\"

00:11:47.834 --> 00:11:49.124
IT\'S LIKE
AN UNOFFICIAL OFFICIAL

00:11:49.125 --> 00:11:50.998
GOVERNMENT MOUTHPIECE.

00:11:50.999 --> 00:11:53.998
WHAT WAS THAT OLD STATE PAPER
IN THE SOVIET UNION?

00:11:53.999 --> 00:11:56.708
IT WAS CALLED PRAVDA.

00:11:56.709 --> 00:11:57.709
RIGHT, LIKE PRAVDA.

00:11:57.710 --> 00:11:58.998
WELL, WHAT\'S UP WITH THAT?

00:11:58.999 --> 00:12:00.291
I CAN\'T TELL YOU, MIKE.

00:12:00.292 --> 00:12:04.166
I\'M THE EDITOR WHO REFUSED
TO PRINT THE SCOOP

00:12:04.167 --> 00:12:05.998
POURED INTO THE EARS...

00:12:05.999 --> 00:12:08.458
OR, IF YOU LIKE
A DIFFERENT METAPHOR,

00:12:08.459 --> 00:12:11.500
STUFFED INTO THE MOUTHS
OF WOODWARD AND BERNSTEIN.

00:12:11.501 --> 00:12:14.208
WAIT A MINUTE, WATERGATE,
DEEP THROAT, ALL OF THAT?

00:12:14.209 --> 00:12:16.833
THEY DIDN\'T NAME
A SINGLE SOURCE.

00:12:16.834 --> 00:12:19.834
[lilting organ music]

00:12:21.999 --> 00:12:25.999
BUT MAYBE TIMES
ARE DIFFERENT...

00:12:27.999 --> 00:12:28.999
AND WITH THEM,

00:12:29.000 --> 00:12:31.791
ALL THE NEWS
THAT\'S FIT TO PRINT.

00:12:31.792 --> 00:12:34.792
[sweeping organ music]

00:12:39.999 --> 00:12:42.416
NOW, MIKE, HERE IS
THE NEW YORK TIMES,

00:12:42.417 --> 00:12:45.166
MOST POWERFUL NEWSPAPER
IN THE WORLD

00:12:45.167 --> 00:12:46.998
AND A PLACE TO BEGIN
YOUR LESSON.

00:12:46.999 --> 00:12:48.374
HELLO, MR. LAPHAM.

00:12:48.375 --> 00:12:50.583
I\'M GOING TO TAKE YOU DOWN
TO OUR BOARD ROOM NOW

00:12:50.584 --> 00:12:52.959
WHERE YOU\'LL BE MEETING
WITH ARTHUR.

00:12:54.999 --> 00:12:57.041
I LOOK FORWARD TO SEEING
THE BOARD ROOM.

00:12:57.042 --> 00:12:58.124
IT\'S A WONDERFUL ROOM.

00:12:58.125 --> 00:13:01.791
IT HAS MANY OLD PHOTOS
FROM PEOPLE

00:13:01.792 --> 00:13:03.958
GOING BACK IN HISTORY,
PRESIDENTS...

00:13:03.959 --> 00:13:04.959
I\'VE BEEN TOLD.

00:13:04.960 --> 00:13:06.625
HEADS OF STATE.

00:13:06.626 --> 00:13:07.998
EINSTEIN AMONG THEM.

00:13:07.999 --> 00:13:09.998
EINSTEIN, YES,
MOUNTBATTEN,

00:13:09.999 --> 00:13:11.958
THE SHAH OF IRAN.

00:13:11.959 --> 00:13:12.959
AND IF YOU WOULD,

00:13:12.960 --> 00:13:14.998
JUST TAKE A SEAT
OVER HERE, PLEASE,

00:13:14.999 --> 00:13:17.416
AND I WILL GET ARTHUR
FOR YOU.

00:13:17.417 --> 00:13:18.999
THANK YOU.

00:13:31.542 --> 00:13:32.791
HELLO.

00:13:32.792 --> 00:13:33.998
(Lapham) HOW ARE YOU, ARTHUR?

00:13:33.999 --> 00:13:34.999
I\'M GLAD TO SEE YOU.

00:13:34.999 --> 00:13:35.999
THANK YOU
FOR DOING THIS.

00:13:35.999 --> 00:13:36.999
HI. ARTHUR SULZBERGER.

00:13:37.000 --> 00:13:38.249
NICE TO MEET YOU.
MIKE VANZETTI.

00:13:38.250 --> 00:13:39.250
MIKE, NICE TO SEE YOU.

00:13:39.251 --> 00:13:40.998
WELCOME TO THE TIMES.

00:13:40.999 --> 00:13:43.708
(Lapham) WELL, WE\'VE BEEN READING IT
ALL OUR LIVES.

00:13:43.709 --> 00:13:44.709
IS THAT TRUE, IKE?

00:13:44.709 --> 00:13:45.709
(Mike)
IT\'S TRUE.

00:13:45.710 --> 00:13:47.291
ALL RIGHT.

00:13:47.292 --> 00:13:48.292
I\'M GLAD TO HEAR IT.

00:13:48.293 --> 00:13:50.334
HIM I KNOW.

00:13:58.459 --> 00:13:59.998
ARE YOU GONNA
TAKE NOTES,

00:13:59.999 --> 00:14:00.999
OR AM I GONNA TAKE NOTES?

00:14:01.000 --> 00:14:02.166
[laughter]

00:14:02.167 --> 00:14:04.583
\'CAUSE I CAN DO THIS TOO,
YOU KNOW.

00:14:04.584 --> 00:14:06.750
THE NEW YORK TIMES
IS PROBABLY

00:14:06.751 --> 00:14:08.998
THE MOST IMPORTANT NEWSPAPER
IN AMERICA.

00:14:08.999 --> 00:14:11.998
YOU KNOW, IT CONVEYS
ITS MESSAGE ON A DAILY BASIS

00:14:11.999 --> 00:14:13.249
TO MILLIONS OF PEOPLE.

00:14:13.250 --> 00:14:16.917
I MEAN, ON WHOSE BEHALF
IS THAT POWER WIELDED?

00:14:16.918 --> 00:14:18.998
(Sulzberger)
ON BEHALF OF THE INSTITUTION,

00:14:18.999 --> 00:14:20.291
ON BEHALF OF US.

00:14:20.292 --> 00:14:21.791
WE SPEAK FOR OURSELVES.

00:14:21.792 --> 00:14:24.583
WE HOPE TO PRESENT
TO OUR AUDIENCE

00:14:24.584 --> 00:14:27.249
A VISION OF THE WORLD
THAT IS AS CLOSE

00:14:27.250 --> 00:14:29.917
AS YOU HUMANLY CAN TO WHAT
IS ACTUALLY TAKING PLACE.

00:14:29.918 --> 00:14:32.041
IF YOU WERE ASKED,

00:14:32.042 --> 00:14:36.791
DOES IT SERVE AS A FUNCTION
OF THE GOVERNMENT,

00:14:36.792 --> 00:14:40.291
OR DOES IT SERVE ON BEHALF
OF THE CITIZENRY?

00:14:40.292 --> 00:14:42.583
BECAUSE WITHOUT
AN INFORMED CITIZENRY,

00:14:42.584 --> 00:14:43.998
YOU CAN\'T HAVE A DEMOCRACY.

00:14:43.999 --> 00:14:46.750
ABSOLUTELY, AND I THINK
YOU\'VE ANSWERED THE QUESTION

00:14:46.751 --> 00:14:49.333
JUST THE WAY I WOULD HAVE
ANSWERED THE QUESTION.

00:14:49.334 --> 00:14:54.833
WE ARE THE ONLY BUSINESS,
I WOULD ARGUE,

00:14:54.834 --> 00:14:56.333
THAT IS PROTECTED
BY THE CONSTITUTION

00:14:56.334 --> 00:14:58.124
OF THE UNITED STATES.

00:14:58.125 --> 00:15:00.458
GUN MANUFACTURERS MAY DISAGREE
WITH THAT, BUT...

00:15:00.459 --> 00:15:02.333
(Mike)
SO AS CHAIRMAN AND PUBLISHER,

00:15:02.334 --> 00:15:05.041
HOW DO YOU BALANCE ALL THESE
COMPETING INTERESTS YOU\'VE GOT:

00:15:05.042 --> 00:15:08.458
THE FAMILY, THE TRUST,
THE NEWSROOM,

00:15:08.459 --> 00:15:10.998
THE AUDIENCE,
THE ADVERTISERS?

00:15:10.999 --> 00:15:12.708
THE STOCK MARKET,
THANK YOU.

00:15:12.709 --> 00:15:13.917
[laughter]

00:15:13.918 --> 00:15:16.124
WE WORRY A LITTLE BIT
ABOUT OUR EARNINGS

00:15:16.125 --> 00:15:17.998
AND OUR STOCK PRICE.

00:15:17.999 --> 00:15:21.708
ONCE EVERY QUARTER,
THE EXECUTIVE EDITOR,

00:15:21.709 --> 00:15:23.998
IN THIS CASE, BILL KELLER,
GETS INTO THE RING

00:15:23.999 --> 00:15:26.708
AND THE CEO...
RUSS LEWIS AT THE MOMENT

00:15:26.709 --> 00:15:28.791
BUT SOON JANET ROBINSON...
GET IN THE RING,

00:15:28.792 --> 00:15:29.792
AND THEY DUEL IT OUT.

00:15:29.793 --> 00:15:31.625
THEY JUST HAVE A FISTFIGHT.

00:15:31.626 --> 00:15:33.082
AND WHOEVER WINS,
FOR THE NEXT QUARTER,

00:15:33.083 --> 00:15:34.625
WE WORRY MORE
ABOUT THE JOURNALISM,

00:15:34.626 --> 00:15:35.998
OR WE WORRY MORE
ABOUT THE PROFITS.

00:15:35.999 --> 00:15:37.875
IT\'S A VERY SIMPLE OPERATION.

00:15:37.876 --> 00:15:38.998
[punching noise]

00:15:38.999 --> 00:15:41.833
(man) OH, THERE\'S A SHOT
UNDER THE HEART.

00:15:41.834 --> 00:15:42.875
IT\'S A BALANCING ACT.

00:15:42.876 --> 00:15:44.124
IT\'S EASY.

00:15:44.125 --> 00:15:46.541
ANYONE CAN MANAGE FOR ONE;
ANYONE CAN MANAGE FOR THE OTHER.

00:15:46.542 --> 00:15:47.875
YOU CAN MANAGE

00:15:47.876 --> 00:15:49.998
FOR NOTHING BUT THE QUALITY
OF THE JOURNALISM.

00:15:49.999 --> 00:15:52.625
YOU CAN MANAGE FOR NOTHING
BUT THE QUALITY OF THE PROFITS,

00:15:52.626 --> 00:15:53.791
AND THAT\'S EASY.

00:15:53.792 --> 00:15:56.791
THE CHALLENGE
IS TO MANAGE FOR BOTH.

00:15:56.792 --> 00:15:57.998
[bell dings]

00:15:57.999 --> 00:15:59.958
(man ♪1) AND THEY\'RE FIGHTING
AFTER THE BELL,

00:15:59.959 --> 00:16:00.998
AND THEY\'RE STILL FIGHTING.

00:16:00.999 --> 00:16:02.666
(man ♪2)
THIS ROUND IS OVER.

00:16:02.667 --> 00:16:04.583
(Lapham) MIKE WAS CHALLENGED
WITH THE MANAGING

00:16:04.584 --> 00:16:07.166
OF THE CONTRADICTION
IN HIS OWN CHARACTER:

00:16:07.167 --> 00:16:09.583
THE SELF-ABSORBED WRITER

00:16:09.584 --> 00:16:12.583
BALANCED AGAINST
THE ENGAGED CITIZEN.

00:16:12.584 --> 00:16:14.542
HEY, CAN I HAVE
A COORS LIGHT, PLEASE?

00:16:15.751 --> 00:16:16.875
MIKE.

00:16:16.876 --> 00:16:17.876
TAYLOR, HEY.

00:16:17.877 --> 00:16:18.998
WHAT ARE YOU
DOING HERE?

00:16:18.999 --> 00:16:21.124
I HAVEN\'T SEEN YOU
SINCE COLLEGE.

00:16:21.125 --> 00:16:22.125
IT\'S BEEN
A LITTLE WHILE.

00:16:22.126 --> 00:16:23.374
I\'M JUST WAITING
FOR A FRIEND.

00:16:23.375 --> 00:16:24.998
HE HASN\'T SHOWN UP YET.

00:16:24.999 --> 00:16:26.166
WELL, I\'M HERE
WITH EMILY.

00:16:26.167 --> 00:16:28.124
YOU REMEMBER
EMILY GANN, RIGHT?

00:16:28.125 --> 00:16:29.291
OF COURSE,
EMILY.

00:16:29.292 --> 00:16:30.541
YOU SHOULD COME SIT
WITH US.

00:16:30.542 --> 00:16:31.666
I\'D LOVE TO.

00:16:31.667 --> 00:16:33.249
GREAT.

00:16:33.250 --> 00:16:36.750
(Lapham) THE CONTRADICTION WAS EMBODIED
IN TWO OF HIS YALE CLASSMATES.

00:16:36.751 --> 00:16:37.998
HOW ARE YOU?

00:16:37.999 --> 00:16:40.208
(Lapham) ONE OF THEM SPOKE
ABOUT CHANGING THE SYSTEM.

00:16:40.209 --> 00:16:41.458
I\'M WORKING OVER
AT LEGAL AID.

00:16:41.459 --> 00:16:43.333
EXCELLENT.

00:16:43.334 --> 00:16:45.998
(Lapham) THE OTHER ABOUT IMPROVING
THE MEANS OF HER ACCESS TO IT.

00:16:45.999 --> 00:16:47.166
I\'M AT BEAR STEARNS.

00:16:47.167 --> 00:16:49.667
I JUST FINISHED
MY TRAINING PROGRAM, SO...

00:16:50.751 --> 00:16:54.998
SO AFTER WAITERING,
WHAT?

00:16:54.999 --> 00:16:57.958
(Lapham) MIKE WAS STILL HAVING TROUBLE
WITH THE DIFFERENT MEANINGS

00:16:57.959 --> 00:16:59.998
OF THE WORD \"CLASS.\"

00:16:59.999 --> 00:17:01.082
DESPITE HAVING GONE TO YALE,

00:17:01.083 --> 00:17:04.708
HE SUFFERED THE PANGS
OF SOCIAL INADEQUACY.

00:17:04.709 --> 00:17:08.416
HE ASSOCIATED THE WORD \"CLASS\"
WITH NEW ENGLAND ANCESTORS,

00:17:08.417 --> 00:17:10.998
VERY OLD MONEY,
AND THE CHARACTERS IN A TALE

00:17:10.999 --> 00:17:13.833
TOLD BY F. SCOTT FITZGERALD.

00:17:13.834 --> 00:17:18.250
BUT HE WAS WILLING TO CORRECT
HIS EXAMINATION PAPER.

00:17:19.667 --> 00:17:21.998
THE OLD FAMILIES,
I MEAN, THE WASPS,

00:17:21.999 --> 00:17:23.291
REALLY DISAPPEARED,

00:17:23.292 --> 00:17:24.998
OR ARE THEY JUST KEEPING
THEIR HEADS DOWN?

00:17:24.999 --> 00:17:27.875
I THINK MY FRIEND CAROLINE
KNOWS ONE.

00:17:27.876 --> 00:17:30.998
(Caroline) SO YOU\'RE GONNA REALLY LIKE
SAM PEABODY.

00:17:30.999 --> 00:17:32.249
HE\'S WONDERFUL.

00:17:32.250 --> 00:17:35.998
HIS BROTHER, ENDICOTT,
IS ACTUALLY A VERY DEAR FRIEND

00:17:35.999 --> 00:17:37.666
OF MY UNCLE\'S
AND, OF COURSE,

00:17:37.667 --> 00:17:39.082
WAS THE GOVERNOR
OF MASSACHUSETTS,

00:17:39.083 --> 00:17:40.166
MY HOME STATE.

00:17:40.167 --> 00:17:41.998
SAM, HOW ARE YOU?

00:17:41.999 --> 00:17:42.999
HOW ARE YOU?

00:17:42.999 --> 00:17:43.999
WHAT A PLEASURE
TO SEE YOU.

00:17:44.000 --> 00:17:45.416
WELCOME.

00:17:45.417 --> 00:17:46.998
(Caroline)
THIS IS MIKE VANZETTI.

00:17:46.999 --> 00:17:48.625
MIKE, WELCOME
TO OUR HUMBLE HOME.

00:17:48.626 --> 00:17:49.626
THANKS FOR HAVING ME.

00:17:49.627 --> 00:17:51.124
COME IN.

00:17:51.125 --> 00:17:52.959
WE\'LL GO INTO THIS ROOM
OVER HERE.

00:18:03.999 --> 00:18:05.958
(Mike) WHAT\'S THE HISTORY
OF THE PEABODYS?

00:18:05.959 --> 00:18:09.082
I MEAN,
WHEN WERE THEY UPSTARTS?

00:18:09.083 --> 00:18:13.166
THEY GOT OFF THE BOAT IN 1616
OR WHATEVER IT WAS.

00:18:13.167 --> 00:18:18.374
NOBODY SEEMS TO STAND OUT
UNTIL OLD JOE COMES ALONG,

00:18:18.375 --> 00:18:19.917
AND HE WAS A...

00:18:19.918 --> 00:18:23.998
HE HAD SHIPS SAILING
OUT OF SALEM, TRADING.

00:18:23.999 --> 00:18:26.708
AND I THINK THAT\'S WHY
WE\'RE HERE TODAY,

00:18:26.709 --> 00:18:31.374
BECAUSE OF OLD JOE,
\'CAUSE HE PUT US UP FRONT.

00:18:31.375 --> 00:18:34.500
HOW DO YOU THINK
THAT WEALTH AND POWER

00:18:34.501 --> 00:18:36.041
ARE STRUCTURED ANYMORE?

00:18:36.042 --> 00:18:39.541
(Peabody) WELL, IN MY CASE...
IN OUR CASE,

00:18:39.542 --> 00:18:43.583
WEALTH WAS RATHER DISSIPATED
BY THE TIME IT GOT TO MY FATHER,

00:18:43.584 --> 00:18:45.416
WHO WAS A CLERGYMAN.

00:18:45.417 --> 00:18:48.917
GROTON WAS, AS YOU KNOW,
FOUNDED BY MY GRANDFATHER.

00:18:48.918 --> 00:18:50.708
MUCH OF THE LEADERSHIP
OF THE COUNTRY,

00:18:50.709 --> 00:18:55.166
ESPECIALLY IN THE \'30s,
WERE GROTON GRADUATES.

00:18:55.167 --> 00:18:58.041
I DON\'T SEE THAT
HAPPENING TODAY.

00:18:58.042 --> 00:18:59.917
THAT IS INTERESTING.

00:18:59.918 --> 00:19:04.166
WHERE DOES THE LEADERSHIP
COME FROM TODAY?

00:19:04.167 --> 00:19:08.750
FOR MY MONEY, IT\'S...
WE\'RE WANDERING.

00:19:08.751 --> 00:19:11.416
WHERE ARE WE GOING?

00:19:11.417 --> 00:19:13.958
I DON\'T KNOW.

00:19:13.959 --> 00:19:15.541
I LIKED...
IN THINKING ABOUT IT,

00:19:15.542 --> 00:19:17.666
I THOUGHT
THAT AFTER THE MARSHALL PLAN,

00:19:17.667 --> 00:19:19.999
THIS COUNTRY WAS AT ITS PEAK.

00:19:22.999 --> 00:19:25.541
THIS IS THE MOST...

00:19:25.542 --> 00:19:28.124
FINEST MOMENT.

00:19:28.125 --> 00:19:31.791
AND AFTER THAT,

00:19:31.792 --> 00:19:34.584
WE\'VE BEEN GOING
BUMP, BUMP, BUMP.

00:19:40.834 --> 00:19:43.291
(Lapham) IF THE COUNTRY\'S WEALTH
NO LONGER RESTS

00:19:43.292 --> 00:19:44.998
IN THE EXCLUSIVE HANDS

00:19:44.999 --> 00:19:47.541
OF THE PROTESTANT
SOCIAL ESTABLISHMENT,

00:19:47.542 --> 00:19:51.998
WHERE, THEN, DOES ONE LOOK
FOR AMERICA\'S CLASS \"A\" STOCK?

00:19:51.999 --> 00:19:54.998
IT OCCURRED TO ME THAT MIKE
WOULD PROFIT FROM A MEETING

00:19:54.999 --> 00:19:57.333
WITH A WELL-CONNECTED
HEDGE FUND MANAGER.

00:19:57.334 --> 00:19:58.416
HI. MICHAEL VANZETTI?

00:19:58.417 --> 00:19:59.833
I\'M ROBERT HACKNEY.
HOW ARE YOU?

00:19:59.834 --> 00:20:00.834
I\'M VERY WELL,
THANK YOU.

00:20:00.835 --> 00:20:01.998
I HOPE YOU ARE.

00:20:01.999 --> 00:20:03.998
LEWIS TOLD ME YOU WANTED
TO LEARN A LITTLE SOMETHING

00:20:03.999 --> 00:20:05.291
ABOUT WHO OWNS AMERICA.

00:20:05.292 --> 00:20:06.998
I\'M LOOKING FORWARD
TO SHOWING THAT TO YOU.

00:20:06.999 --> 00:20:08.917
SO WE\'RE JUST GONNA
TAKE A LITTLE WANDER

00:20:08.918 --> 00:20:10.998
THROUGH THE BLOOMBERG
INFORMATION SERVICE.

00:20:10.999 --> 00:20:13.708
THEY HAVE GONE SO FAR
WITH BLOOMBERG,

00:20:13.709 --> 00:20:16.998
THAT NOW WE\'RE GOING TO HAVE
TO USE A BIOMETRIC DEVICE,

00:20:16.999 --> 00:20:18.541
AND IT WILL CONFIRM

00:20:18.542 --> 00:20:22.208
THAT I AM AN AUTHORIZED
BLOOMBERG SUBSCRIBER.

00:20:22.209 --> 00:20:23.998
IN TERMS OF LOOKING
AT WHO OWNS AMERICA,

00:20:23.999 --> 00:20:26.249
WHAT WE\'LL DO
ON OUR BLOOMBERG,

00:20:26.250 --> 00:20:29.625
WE\'LL ASK,
\"WHO ARE THE HOLDERS OF GE?\"

00:20:29.626 --> 00:20:30.833
WHO OWNS GE?

00:20:30.834 --> 00:20:33.998
WE SEE CITIGROUP,
MELLON BANK,

00:20:33.999 --> 00:20:35.583
JP MORGAN, DEUTSCHE BANK.

00:20:35.584 --> 00:20:38.875
IT LOOKS LIKE
ALL THE BANKS OWN GE.

00:20:38.876 --> 00:20:41.998
WE CAN SCROLL
THROUGH GE FOREVER,

00:20:41.999 --> 00:20:44.750
AND WE\'RE VERY UNLIKELY

00:20:44.751 --> 00:20:46.750
TO FIND THE NAME
OF A HUMAN BEING.

00:20:46.751 --> 00:20:48.458
THEY\'RE HOLDING ON BEHALF

00:20:48.459 --> 00:20:49.998
OF MILLIONS AND MILLIONS
OF PEOPLE

00:20:49.999 --> 00:20:51.998
WHO ARE INVESTED
IN INDEX FUNDS.

00:20:51.999 --> 00:20:54.500
IN THE DIFFUSE
OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE

00:20:54.501 --> 00:20:56.917
THAT\'S GROWN UP
FROM PENSION PLANS,

00:20:56.918 --> 00:20:59.500
RETIREMENT PLANS,
AND MUTUAL FUNDS,

00:20:59.501 --> 00:21:01.998
THE SHAREHOLDINGS
OF MOST AMERICAN CORPORATIONS

00:21:01.999 --> 00:21:03.917
ARE REALLY WIDELY DIFFUSED

00:21:03.918 --> 00:21:07.041
ACROSS A BROAD SPECTRUM
OF AMERICA.

00:21:07.042 --> 00:21:08.333
THAT\'S REALLY THE STORY.

00:21:08.334 --> 00:21:09.958
OH, MY GOODNESS.

00:21:09.959 --> 00:21:11.998
ARE MY SECURITY PEOPLE
AT LUNCH?

00:21:11.999 --> 00:21:13.416
HELLO, DOUG.

00:21:13.417 --> 00:21:14.998
MIKE, THIS IS
DOUG HENWOOD.

00:21:14.999 --> 00:21:16.124
HI.
NICE TO MEET YOU.

00:21:16.125 --> 00:21:17.998
HE\'S A WELL-KNOWN
ECONOMIC COMMENTATOR.

00:21:17.999 --> 00:21:19.998
WELL, OWNERSHIP,
IT APPEARS TO BE VERY DISPERSED.

00:21:19.999 --> 00:21:21.998
THE NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE
LOVES TO SAY, YOU KNOW,

00:21:21.999 --> 00:21:23.124
EVERYONE HAS A SHARE
OF AMERICA.

00:21:23.125 --> 00:21:25.041
BUT IN FACT,
BEHIND ALL THESE BANK NAMES

00:21:25.042 --> 00:21:28.500
ARE REALLY A SMALL GROUP
OF RICH PEOPLE,

00:21:28.501 --> 00:21:29.501
RICH INSTITUTIONS

00:21:29.502 --> 00:21:31.998
THAT ESSENTIALLY RUN
THE ECONOMY,

00:21:31.999 --> 00:21:34.041
AND THE REST OF US
ARE JUST SPECTATORS.

00:21:34.042 --> 00:21:38.500
(Hackney) I WOULD CONTRAST OWNERSHIP
IN 1950 WITH OWNERSHIP TODAY,

00:21:38.501 --> 00:21:39.625
AND YOU TELL ME.

00:21:39.626 --> 00:21:40.626
HAS IT NOT SPREAD?

00:21:40.627 --> 00:21:41.875
WELL, ACTUALLY,
IF ANYTHING,

00:21:41.876 --> 00:21:43.208
WE\'RE A LITTLE MORE
CONCENTRATED NOW

00:21:43.209 --> 00:21:44.541
THAN WE WERE IN 1950.

00:21:44.542 --> 00:21:47.834
WE\'RE BACK AT SORT OF 1929
LEVELS OF CONCENTRATION.

00:21:50.834 --> 00:21:51.998
WE\'LL HAVE TO START
THIS HISTORY

00:21:51.999 --> 00:21:53.541
IN THE 1970s.

00:21:53.542 --> 00:21:55.833
WE\'RE IN THE PERIOD
OF GREAT INFLATION.

00:21:55.834 --> 00:21:57.917
THE U.S. HAD LOST
THE VIETNAM WAR.

00:21:57.918 --> 00:21:59.082
THERE WERE WILDCAT STRIKES.

00:21:59.083 --> 00:22:01.124
THE THIRD WORLD WAS
IN BROAD REBELLION.

00:22:01.125 --> 00:22:02.166
FROM THE POINT OF VIEW

00:22:02.167 --> 00:22:03.998
OF THE AMERICAN ELITE...
ELITES IN GENERAL,

00:22:03.999 --> 00:22:05.500
BUT THE AMERICAN ELITE
IN PARTICULAR...

00:22:05.501 --> 00:22:06.998
IT LOOKED LIKE THINGS
WERE SPINNING OUT OF CONTROL.

00:22:06.999 --> 00:22:08.998
IT\'S JUST SO YOU CAN SEE
HOW THE STOCK MARKET PERFORMED.

00:22:08.999 --> 00:22:10.625
THAT WAS SORT OF THE BOTTOM.

00:22:10.626 --> 00:22:13.416
AND SO THERE WAS THIS GREAT
RIGHTWARD MOVE IN POLITICS.

00:22:13.417 --> 00:22:15.124
WE SAW THE ASCENSION
OF PAUL VOLCKER

00:22:15.125 --> 00:22:16.998
AT THE FEDERAL RESERVE
IN 1979,

00:22:16.999 --> 00:22:18.791
THE SAME YEAR
THAT MARGARET THATCHER

00:22:18.792 --> 00:22:19.958
TOOK POWER IN BRITAIN.

00:22:19.959 --> 00:22:21.541
THEN WE HAD REAGAN
TAKE THE THE PRESIDENCY

00:22:21.542 --> 00:22:22.542
A COUPLE OF YEARS LATER.

00:22:22.543 --> 00:22:23.917
AND WHAT THEY LAUNCHED

00:22:23.918 --> 00:22:26.458
WAS A VERY SUCCESSFUL CLASS WAR
FROM ABOVE,

00:22:26.459 --> 00:22:28.500
A VERY BIG CRACKDOWN ON LABOR,

00:22:28.501 --> 00:22:30.791
UNION-BUSTING,
PARING BACK THE WELFARE STATE.

00:22:30.792 --> 00:22:31.998
AND AT THE SAME TIME,

00:22:31.999 --> 00:22:34.458
WALL STREET WAS MAKING
ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THINGS.

00:22:34.459 --> 00:22:36.541
THEIR SHAREHOLDERS,
WHO HAD BEEN KIND OF SLEEPING

00:22:36.542 --> 00:22:38.041
FOR THE PREVIOUS
SEVERAL DECADES,

00:22:38.042 --> 00:22:41.041
AWOKE AND STARTED DEMANDING
MUCH HIGHER PROFITS

00:22:41.042 --> 00:22:44.166
AND MUCH LEANER AND MEANER WAYS
OF RUNNING CORPORATE AMERICA.

00:22:44.167 --> 00:22:45.500
AND AUGUST 1982

00:22:45.501 --> 00:22:47.333
IS WHEN
THE BULL MARKET STARTED.

00:22:47.334 --> 00:22:49.041
HERE\'S AUGUST 1982.

00:22:49.042 --> 00:22:51.750
AND WE GO FROM ROUGHLY 100
ON THE S&P

00:22:51.751 --> 00:22:53.041
TO ROUGHLY 350.

00:22:53.042 --> 00:22:55.917
THAT WAS BASED
ON A CORRECT ASSUMPTION

00:22:55.918 --> 00:22:57.458
THAT THE CLASS WAR
HAD TURNED,

00:22:57.459 --> 00:22:58.998
THAT THE ELITES
WERE BACK IN CONTROL,

00:22:58.999 --> 00:23:00.708
THE PERIOD OF REBELLION
IN THE THIRD WORLD

00:23:00.709 --> 00:23:02.166
HAD BEEN PUT DOWN,

00:23:02.167 --> 00:23:03.998
AND PROFITS
STARTED RISING.

00:23:03.999 --> 00:23:07.291
THE PROFITABILITY
OF AMERICAN COMPANIES ROSE,

00:23:07.292 --> 00:23:08.416
WITH SOME INTERRUPTION,

00:23:08.417 --> 00:23:11.041
PRETTY STEADILY
FROM 1982 TO 1997.

00:23:11.042 --> 00:23:13.041
THAT WAS THE PORTION,
I THINK,

00:23:13.042 --> 00:23:14.917
THAT WAS REALLY...
THE STOCK MARKET

00:23:14.918 --> 00:23:16.500
AND THE FINANCIAL MARKETS
IN GENERAL

00:23:16.501 --> 00:23:17.708
WERE REACTING RATIONALLY.

00:23:17.709 --> 00:23:19.208
BUT THEN THE FROTH
TOOK OVER,

00:23:19.209 --> 00:23:21.666
AND THEN THE MADNESS
AND THE IRRATIONALITY TOOK OVER.

00:23:21.667 --> 00:23:22.667
(man)
WHY?

00:23:22.668 --> 00:23:25.625
(people)
WHY?

00:23:25.626 --> 00:23:28.208
(Lapham) AS A HANDSOME YOUNG
BANKER-IN-WAITING,

00:23:28.209 --> 00:23:32.124
JACK WOULD BE EXPECTED TO COUNT
THE WAYS IN WHICH A SOCIETY

00:23:32.125 --> 00:23:34.416
ARRANGES THE DIVISION
OF THE SPOILS.

00:23:34.417 --> 00:23:35.998
[Perkins on TV]
MY NAME IS JOHN PERKINS.

00:23:35.999 --> 00:23:37.625
I WAS AN ECONOMIC HIT MAN.

00:23:37.626 --> 00:23:40.666
(Lapham) THE TRICKS ARE AS OLD
AS ARISTOTLE,

00:23:40.667 --> 00:23:46.999
AND USUALLY, THEY REQUIRE
THE ASSISTANCE OF THE POLICE.

00:23:50.999 --> 00:23:53.333
WE\'LL ARRANGE A DEAL
BETWEEN A THIRD WORLD COUNTRY

00:23:53.334 --> 00:23:55.998
AND THE BIG BANKS,
LIKE THE WORLD BANK OR THE IMF.

00:23:55.999 --> 00:23:58.708
(Lapham)
YOU KNOW, MUSSOLINI ONCE SAID

00:23:58.709 --> 00:24:01.666
THAT FASCISM SHOULD BE MORE
PROPERLY CALLED \"CORPORATISM,\"

00:24:01.667 --> 00:24:06.541
SINCE IT IS THE MERGER
OF CORPORATE AND STATE POWER.

00:24:06.542 --> 00:24:08.374
(Perkins) ONE OF THE CONDITIONS
OF THE LOAN

00:24:08.375 --> 00:24:11.208
IS THAT THE MAJORITY
OF IT, 90%,

00:24:11.209 --> 00:24:12.998
WILL COME BACK
TO U.S. CORPORATIONS

00:24:12.999 --> 00:24:14.333
LIKE THE ONES
WE\'VE ALL HEARD OF:

00:24:14.334 --> 00:24:15.541
HALLIBURTON, BECHTEL.

00:24:15.542 --> 00:24:17.041
NATIONALISM.

00:24:17.042 --> 00:24:20.998
NATIONALISM:
LAST REFUGE OF SMALL

00:24:20.999 --> 00:24:23.416
AND IMPOVERISHED COUNTRIES

00:24:23.417 --> 00:24:25.666
WITHOUT A WELL-DEVELOPED
TOURIST TRADE.

00:24:25.667 --> 00:24:28.500
(Perkins) THESE COMPANIES THEN WILL BUILD
BIG INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS

00:24:28.501 --> 00:24:31.208
THAT PRIMARILY SERVE
THE VERY WEALTHY

00:24:31.209 --> 00:24:32.625
IN THESE THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES.

00:24:32.626 --> 00:24:35.541
(Jack)
THE FREE MARKET.

00:24:35.542 --> 00:24:37.416
THE PEOPLE WHO QUESTION
ITS OMNISCIENCE

00:24:37.417 --> 00:24:40.998
BELONG TO WEIRD
RELIGIOUS SECTS.

00:24:40.999 --> 00:24:43.124
THE COUNTRY, THEN, IS SADDLED
WITH THIS TREMENDOUS DEBT

00:24:43.125 --> 00:24:44.998
THAT IS CAN\'T POSSIBLY REPAY.

00:24:44.999 --> 00:24:46.875
(man) HI, WOULD YOU LIKE TO READ
AN ARTICLE

00:24:46.876 --> 00:24:48.374
ABOUT WHAT\'S WRONG
WITH GLOBALIZATION?

00:24:48.375 --> 00:24:49.375
THANK YOU.

00:24:49.375 --> 00:24:50.375
ALL RIGHT,
THANK YOU.

00:24:50.376 --> 00:24:51.833
CIVIL LIBERTIES.

00:24:51.834 --> 00:24:54.998
(Lapham) CIVIL LIBERTIES:
EXTREMELY EXPENSIVE,

00:24:54.999 --> 00:24:56.998
FAR TOO NUMEROUS.

00:24:56.999 --> 00:24:58.041
YOU GO OFF ONE SIDE...

00:24:58.042 --> 00:24:59.333
OUT, OUT, OUT OF HERE.
LET\'S GO.

00:24:59.334 --> 00:25:00.583
GOD [...] IT.

00:25:00.584 --> 00:25:03.750
[aggressive percussive music]

00:25:03.751 --> 00:25:06.583
(Perkins) SO WHEN WE WANT THE RESOURCES
FROM THAT COUNTRY,

00:25:06.584 --> 00:25:08.791
LIKE OIL, WE\'LL GO BACK AND SAY,

00:25:08.792 --> 00:25:11.791
\"LOOK, YOU GUYS BORROWED
ALL THIS MONEY FROM US.

00:25:11.792 --> 00:25:13.998
\"YOU CAN\'T REPAY YOUR DEBT.

00:25:13.999 --> 00:25:16.750
\"THEREFORE, YOU HAVE TO SELL
YOUR OIL TO OUR OIL COMPANIES

00:25:16.751 --> 00:25:20.249
AT VERY CHEAP PRICES.\"

00:25:20.250 --> 00:25:22.208
(Lapham)
JACK WAS BEGINNING TO SEE

00:25:22.209 --> 00:25:24.500
THAT BANKS STAND
WITH THE STATUS QUO

00:25:24.501 --> 00:25:28.998
AND THAT PROTEST PUPPETS FLOAT
ON THE TIDE OF SOCIAL CHANGE.

00:25:28.999 --> 00:25:32.333
WHAT HE DIDN\'T YET KNOW
WAS WHETHER TO CAST HIS LOT

00:25:32.334 --> 00:25:35.998
WITH THE WEIGHT
OF THINGS AS THEY ARE

00:25:35.999 --> 00:25:43.917
OR WITH THE HOPE OF THINGS
AS THEY MIGHT BECOME.

00:25:43.918 --> 00:25:46.291
(Jack) LOOK, YOU GIVE ME
A HARD TIME ABOUT MONEY,

00:25:46.292 --> 00:25:48.750
BUT FRANKLY, I\'M NOT EVEN
THAT INTERESTED IN IT,

00:25:48.751 --> 00:25:52.750
AND THAT\'S REALLY WHAT BOTHERS
ME ABOUT THIS GOLDMAN JOB.

00:25:52.751 --> 00:25:55.583
I MEAN, I THINK OUR SOCIETY\'S
WHOLE EMPHASIS ON MONEY

00:25:55.584 --> 00:25:57.208
IS JUST TAWDRY.

00:25:57.209 --> 00:25:59.998
WELL, THAT\'S WHY I GIVE YOU
A HARD TIME ABOUT IT, JACK.

00:25:59.999 --> 00:26:01.998
IT\'S CLEAR THAT YOUR HEART
ISN\'T IN IT.

00:26:01.999 --> 00:26:03.208
AND YOU KNOW WHAT?

00:26:03.209 --> 00:26:04.875
THE WORK ISN\'T EVEN
THAT INTERESTING.

00:26:04.876 --> 00:26:06.998
I MEAN, IT\'S JUST A BUNCH
OF SPREADSHEETS

00:26:06.999 --> 00:26:08.998
AND DATA AND NUMBERS.

00:26:08.999 --> 00:26:09.999
IT\'S MATH.

00:26:10.000 --> 00:26:11.998
MATH, JACK,
YES, MATH.

00:26:11.999 --> 00:26:15.374
BUT WHAT JOY IN MULTIPLICATION.

00:26:15.375 --> 00:26:16.833
I READ THAT AT ONE POINT
IN TIME,

00:26:16.834 --> 00:26:19.791
BILL GATES HAD A NET WORTH
THAT WAS NEARLY EQUAL

00:26:19.792 --> 00:26:23.124
TO THE BOTTOM 40%
OF THE UNITED STATES POPULATION.

00:26:23.125 --> 00:26:24.998
I MEAN, CAN YOU IMAGINE THAT?

00:26:24.999 --> 00:26:27.998
I WOULD LOVE TO ASK HIM
WHAT THAT FEELS LIKE.

00:26:27.999 --> 00:26:32.291
OH, I CAN TELL YOU
WHAT HE\'D SAY TO THAT.

00:26:32.292 --> 00:26:34.041
HE\'D SAY,
\"IT\'S NOT ENOUGH.\"

00:26:34.042 --> 00:26:38.249
AHH!

00:26:38.250 --> 00:26:40.917
(Jack) IF EVERYONE\'S
GOT A SHOT AT IT, RIGHT...

00:26:40.918 --> 00:26:42.998
I MEAN,
IF ANYONE CAN EITHER BECOME

00:26:42.999 --> 00:26:45.291
A WELL-PAID SERVANT,
IN YOUR WORDS,

00:26:45.292 --> 00:26:46.833
OF THE COMMERCIAL
OLIGARCHY,

00:26:46.834 --> 00:26:51.458
OR EVEN, IF THEY DO REALLY WELL,
AN OLIGARCH HIMSELF OR HERSELF,

00:26:51.459 --> 00:26:53.998
THEN THAT\'S
YOUR AMERICAN DREAM, RIGHT?

00:26:53.999 --> 00:26:54.999
(Lapham)
RIGHT.

00:26:55.000 --> 00:26:57.625
RONALD REAGAN EXPRESSED IT
VERY WELL.

00:26:57.626 --> 00:27:00.208
HE SAID THAT HIS GREAT HOPE
FOR AMERICA

00:27:00.209 --> 00:27:02.541
WAS THAT IT CONTINUED
TO BE A COUNTRY WHERE,

00:27:02.542 --> 00:27:06.998
ABOVE ALL, SOMEBODY COULD
ALWAYS GET RICH.

00:27:06.999 --> 00:27:10.124
BUT THEN AGAIN, JACK,
WHO IS THE SOMEBODY?

00:27:10.125 --> 00:27:12.791
COULD YOU USE A CUP OF COFFEE?

00:27:12.792 --> 00:27:13.792
SURE.

00:27:18.125 --> 00:27:19.292
OVER THERE.

00:27:21.999 --> 00:27:23.333
LEWIS.

00:27:23.334 --> 00:27:24.334
BARBARA.

00:27:24.335 --> 00:27:25.875
CHECKING UP ON ME?

00:27:25.876 --> 00:27:27.998
NO, NO, WE\'RE JUST STOPPING BY
ON THE WAY BACK TO THE CITY.

00:27:27.999 --> 00:27:29.875
ALL RIGHT,
COME ON IN.

00:27:29.876 --> 00:27:30.998
I WILL. I WILL.

00:27:30.999 --> 00:27:32.124
(Barbara)
CAN I GET YOU A DRINK?

00:27:32.125 --> 00:27:33.625
COFFEE.

00:27:33.626 --> 00:27:34.666
I\'LL HAVE A COKE,
PLEASE.

00:27:34.667 --> 00:27:36.542
COKE IT IS.

00:27:37.584 --> 00:27:40.041
SO DO YOU EAT HERE
A LOT?

00:27:40.042 --> 00:27:42.333
I\'VE NEVER BEEN HERE
BEFORE, JACK.

00:27:42.334 --> 00:27:43.625
HOW DO YOU TWO
KNOW EACH OTHER?

00:27:43.626 --> 00:27:46.041
SHE\'S ON ASSIGNMENT
FOR THE MAGAZINE.

00:27:46.042 --> 00:27:47.625
WHO IS SHE?

00:27:47.626 --> 00:27:51.082
THAT\'S BARBARA EHRENREICH,
WELL-KNOWN ESSAYIST,

00:27:51.083 --> 00:27:54.416
PROBABLY ONE OF THE BEST
JOURNALISTS IN THE COUNTRY.

00:27:54.417 --> 00:27:55.998
IT\'S 1998, JACK,

00:27:55.999 --> 00:28:01.166
A MOMENT OF UNPARALLELED
PROSPERITY IN AMERICA,

00:28:01.167 --> 00:28:04.291
WHAT THE CHAIRMAN
OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE CALLED

00:28:04.292 --> 00:28:06.666
\"IRRATIONAL EXUBERANCE.\"

00:28:06.667 --> 00:28:08.333
[crowd cheering]

00:28:08.334 --> 00:28:11.374
THE CLINTON ADMINISTRATION\'S
WELFARE REFORMS HAVE HERDED

00:28:11.375 --> 00:28:14.249
MILLIONS OF AMERICANS
INTO THE LOW-WAGE WORKFORCE.

00:28:14.250 --> 00:28:17.708
(all)
U.F.S. CAN BEAT THE REST, HUAH!

00:28:17.709 --> 00:28:21.208
(Lapham) BUT HOW DOES ONE PROSPER
OR EVEN SURVIVE

00:28:21.209 --> 00:28:23.583
IF ONE MAKES
$6 OR $7 AN HOUR?

00:28:23.584 --> 00:28:26.459
AND BARBARA\'S TRYING TO FIND OUT
HOW THE TRICK IS DONE.

00:28:29.751 --> 00:28:30.917
SO FOR THE LAST YEAR,

00:28:30.918 --> 00:28:32.998
SHE\'S BEEN WORKING
AT LOW-WAGE JOBS,

00:28:32.999 --> 00:28:37.166
LIVING IN CHEAP ROOMS,
TRAVELING AROUND THE COUNTRY,

00:28:37.167 --> 00:28:40.875
WORKING AS A DOMESTIC MAID,
AS A WAL-MART ASSOCIATE,

00:28:40.876 --> 00:28:42.333
AS A WAITRESS.

00:28:42.334 --> 00:28:43.998
COFFEE AND COKE.

00:28:43.999 --> 00:28:46.998
THANKS A LOT.

00:28:46.999 --> 00:28:48.416
BARBARA,
THIS IS JACK.

00:28:48.417 --> 00:28:49.458
HI, JACK.

00:28:49.459 --> 00:28:50.666
NICE TO MEET YOU.

00:28:50.667 --> 00:28:52.998
JACK JUST GRADUATED
FROM YALE.

00:28:52.999 --> 00:28:54.625
GOLDMAN\'S MADE HIM
AN OFFER,

00:28:54.626 --> 00:28:56.124
BUT HE DOESN\'T KNOW
WHETHER HE WANTS TO BE

00:28:56.125 --> 00:28:57.998
IN THE INVESTMENT BANKING
BUSINESS.

00:28:57.999 --> 00:28:59.708
SO I\'M TAKING HIM
ON THE ROUNDS,

00:28:59.709 --> 00:29:02.166
INTRODUCING HIM TO PEOPLE
IN OTHER PROFESSIONS.

00:29:02.167 --> 00:29:04.541
WELL, I HOPE YOU\'RE NOT THINKING
OF WAITRESSING.

00:29:04.542 --> 00:29:06.416
WHY, HAS IT BEEN
THAT TOUGH?

00:29:06.417 --> 00:29:08.208
DOES HE KNOW WHAT I\'M DOING,
WHAT I\'M UP TO HERE?

00:29:08.209 --> 00:29:09.666
I TOLD HIM.

00:29:09.667 --> 00:29:11.666
OH, WELL, YOU KNOW,
YOU CAN\'T FEEL TOO SORRY FOR ME,

00:29:11.667 --> 00:29:12.998
\'CAUSE I\'M REALLY
A JOURNALIST.

00:29:12.999 --> 00:29:14.208
I\'M DOING THIS BRIEFLY.

00:29:14.209 --> 00:29:17.541
BUT ONE OF THE VERY HUMBLING
THINGS FOR ME HAS BEEN

00:29:17.542 --> 00:29:20.875
TO LEARN, REALLY, THAT
THERE ARE NO UNSKILLED JOBS.

00:29:20.876 --> 00:29:22.666
ALL JOBS TAKE SKILL

00:29:22.667 --> 00:29:24.458
AND INTELLIGENCE
AND EXPERIENCE.

00:29:24.459 --> 00:29:25.791
THEY\'RE HARD.

00:29:25.792 --> 00:29:27.666
FROM THE FIRST DAY
I STARTED WORKING HERE,

00:29:27.667 --> 00:29:28.998
I\'VE BEEN RUNNING.

00:29:28.999 --> 00:29:30.998
AND FIRST,
I WAS RUNNING AROUND AFTER GAIL.

00:29:30.999 --> 00:29:32.166
SHE\'S ANOTHER WAITRESS HERE.

00:29:32.167 --> 00:29:35.124
OKAY, BARB, CAN YOU TAKE
THE PANCAKES TO 63?

00:29:35.125 --> 00:29:36.875
AND SHE\'D BE EXPLAINING
HOW TO DO THINGS

00:29:36.876 --> 00:29:38.998
AND ALSO TELLING ME
ABOUT HER TROUBLES.

00:29:38.999 --> 00:29:40.124
SHE\'S BEEN LIVING IN A VAN.

00:29:40.125 --> 00:29:41.791
SO NOW WE\'VE ENDED UP
LIVING IN MY TRUCK

00:29:41.792 --> 00:29:43.998
OUT HERE IN THE PARKING LOT
FROM, LIKE, MARCH TO JULY.

00:29:43.999 --> 00:29:45.124
(Barbara)
SHE WORKS FULL-TIME,

00:29:45.125 --> 00:29:47.998
BUT SHE CAN\'T AFFORD
AN APARTMENT

00:29:47.999 --> 00:29:49.249
OR ANYTHING REGULAR LIKE THAT.

00:29:49.250 --> 00:29:50.583
BUT ANYWAY, IT\'S SO MUCH.

00:29:50.584 --> 00:29:51.998
IT\'S OVERWHELMING.

00:29:51.999 --> 00:29:54.666
I CAN\'T EVEN THINK ABOUT
THE FACT THAT I MAY BE TOO TIRED

00:29:54.667 --> 00:29:55.833
TO GET OUT TO THE PARKING LOT

00:29:55.834 --> 00:29:57.791
BY THE END OF THE DAY.

00:29:57.792 --> 00:29:58.998
SO WHAT WAS
THE END RESULT?

00:29:58.999 --> 00:30:01.750
I MEAN, DO PEOPLE...
CAN YOU GET BY,

00:30:01.751 --> 00:30:03.124
IN OTHER WORDS?

00:30:03.125 --> 00:30:04.833
NOT IN THE JOBS
THAT I\'VE HAD.

00:30:04.834 --> 00:30:09.708
RIGHT NOW,
I AM ALREADY $100 BEHIND

00:30:09.709 --> 00:30:13.998
ON THE RENT THAT I NEED
TO PAY FOR MY HALF-SIZE TRAILER

00:30:13.999 --> 00:30:15.625
IN A TRAILER PARK.

00:30:15.626 --> 00:30:17.541
SO YOU KNOW, EVEN LIVING
IN A TRAILER PARK

00:30:17.542 --> 00:30:20.541
SEEMS TO ME A LITTLE AMBITIOUS
AT THIS MOMENT.

00:30:20.542 --> 00:30:21.542
BUT WE\'RE TALKING ABOUT

00:30:21.543 --> 00:30:22.998
THE HEIGHT
OF THE LAST BOOM, RIGHT?

00:30:22.999 --> 00:30:23.999
YES.

00:30:24.000 --> 00:30:27.291
HEIGHT OF THE BOOM,
ALL BOATS RISING,

00:30:27.292 --> 00:30:29.583
BUILDING A BETTER WORLD.

00:30:29.584 --> 00:30:31.875
(Jack)
WELL, EXACTLY, IN A WAY.

00:30:31.876 --> 00:30:32.998
BUT NOT ENTIRELY.

00:30:32.999 --> 00:30:35.500
FULL EMPLOYMENT,
PRETTY MUCH, AT THE TIME?

00:30:35.501 --> 00:30:38.875
WAGES SHOULD BE, TECHNICALLY,
RISING, RIGHT?

00:30:38.876 --> 00:30:39.998
(Barbara)
THAT\'S WHAT YOU\'D THINK,

00:30:39.999 --> 00:30:41.833
ACCORDING TO THE LAW
OF SUPPLY AND DEMAND.

00:30:41.834 --> 00:30:43.374
BUT MANAGEMENT
WILL DO ANYTHING

00:30:43.375 --> 00:30:46.082
TO KEEP FROM HAVING
TO RAISE WAGES,

00:30:46.083 --> 00:30:48.292
EVEN WHEN THERE\'S A SO-CALLED
SHORTAGE OF LABOR.

00:30:50.417 --> 00:30:53.374
WE CREATED A LOT JOBS
IN THIS COUNTRY IN THE \'90s,

00:30:53.375 --> 00:30:56.500
BUT THEY\'RE NOT JOBS
THAT A PERSON CAN LIVE ON.

00:30:56.501 --> 00:30:58.958
AND THAT\'S WHAT, YOU KNOW,
COMPLETELY UNDERMINES

00:30:58.959 --> 00:31:02.791
THE MYTH OF THIS GREAT
AMERICAN JOB-PRODUCING ECONOMY.

00:31:02.792 --> 00:31:03.958
IF YOU CAN\'T LIVE ON IT,

00:31:03.959 --> 00:31:05.918
IT DOESN\'T COUNT,
IT SEEMS TO ME.

00:31:11.417 --> 00:31:14.166
IT\'S NOT THAT PEOPLE
ARE EVEN LIVING

00:31:14.167 --> 00:31:17.583
AT A SUSTAINABLE LEVEL
OF SUFFERING IN MANY CASES.

00:31:17.584 --> 00:31:18.998
THEY ARE LIVING
IN WHAT I WOULD CALL

00:31:18.999 --> 00:31:20.998
STATE OF EMERGENCY.

00:31:20.999 --> 00:31:22.333
NOT ENOUGH TO EAT
IN MANY CASES,

00:31:22.334 --> 00:31:24.998
INADEQUATE HOUSING
OR NO HOME,

00:31:24.999 --> 00:31:26.998
INADEQUATE CHILD CARE,

00:31:26.999 --> 00:31:29.291
CHILDCARE THAT REALLY
HAS THEM NERVOUS ALL DAY

00:31:29.292 --> 00:31:30.999
ABOUT HOW
THEIR CHILDREN ARE.

00:31:32.209 --> 00:31:33.998
I\'M JUST HAVING
A TOUGH TIME,

00:31:33.999 --> 00:31:36.458
BECAUSE YOU DON\'T
SEE THIS.

00:31:36.459 --> 00:31:38.500
YOU DON\'T SEE THINGS
BEING AS BAD

00:31:38.501 --> 00:31:39.917
AS YOU DESCRIBE THEM.

00:31:39.918 --> 00:31:42.666
YOU DON\'T SEE ANY OF THIS.

00:31:42.667 --> 00:31:43.998
YOU DON\'T SEE IT, JACK,

00:31:43.999 --> 00:31:45.666
BECAUSE YOU HANG OUT
AT GOLDMAN SACHS

00:31:45.667 --> 00:31:47.291
OR WHEREVER IT IS
YOU WANT TO GO TO WORK.

00:31:47.292 --> 00:31:49.541
(Jack) BUT THEY HAVE PHILANTHROPY,
PUBLIC SERVICE.

00:31:49.542 --> 00:31:51.500
A LOT OF THOSE PEOPLE DEVOTE
MILLIONS AND MILLIONS

00:31:51.501 --> 00:31:52.750
AND MILLIONS OF DOLLARS

00:31:52.751 --> 00:31:55.124
TO BUILDING HOUSES
IN POOR COMMUNITIES, TO...

00:31:55.125 --> 00:31:58.166
PHILANTHROPY... DON\'T TELL ME
ABOUT PHILANTHROPY, JACK.

00:31:58.167 --> 00:32:00.998
THE REAL PHILANTHROPISTS
IN OUR SOCIETY

00:32:00.999 --> 00:32:05.166
ARE THE PEOPLE WHO WORK FOR LESS
THAN THEY CAN ACTUALLY LIVE ON.

00:32:05.167 --> 00:32:06.750
BECAUSE THEY ARE GIVING
OF THEIR TIME

00:32:06.751 --> 00:32:09.750
AND THEIR ENERGY
AND THEIR TALENTS ALL THE TIME

00:32:09.751 --> 00:32:11.333
SO THAT PEOPLE
LIKE YOU CAN BE

00:32:11.334 --> 00:32:14.416
DRESSED WELL
AND FED CHEAPLY

00:32:14.417 --> 00:32:15.500
AND SO ON.

00:32:15.501 --> 00:32:18.834
THEY\'RE GIVING TO YOU.

00:32:27.042 --> 00:32:30.042
[bluesy harmonica music]

00:33:14.250 --> 00:33:17.334
[bluesy banjo and guitar music]

00:33:27.626 --> 00:33:31.208
NICKELED-AND-DIMED

00:33:31.209 --> 00:33:34.041
NICKELED-AND-DIMED

00:33:34.042 --> 00:33:37.998
THERE\'S NO FREE LUNCH
OR OVERTIME

00:33:37.999 --> 00:33:42.291
WE JUST GET
NICKELED-AND-DIMED

00:33:42.292 --> 00:33:46.249
THEY GONNA PAY ME
SEVEN BUCKS AN HOUR

00:33:46.250 --> 00:33:50.666
TO CLEAN UP
EVERYBODY\'S SHOWER

00:33:50.667 --> 00:33:52.833
WIPE THE COUNTER,

00:33:52.834 --> 00:33:53.998
MAKE THE BEDS

00:33:53.999 --> 00:33:55.998
AND STACK THOSE SHIRTS

00:33:55.999 --> 00:33:57.998
AND SELL THE BREAD

00:33:57.999 --> 00:33:59.833
OR WORK THE REGISTER

00:33:59.834 --> 00:34:02.166
POUR COFFEE

00:34:02.167 --> 00:34:06.998
TAKE ORDERS FOR DELIVERY

00:34:06.999 --> 00:34:10.249
DO THE FLOORS
AND GREET THE GUESTS

00:34:10.250 --> 00:34:14.042
AND WEAR THE NAME TAG
ON MY CHEST.

00:34:15.542 --> 00:34:19.082
NICKELED-AND-DIMED

00:34:19.083 --> 00:34:22.082
OH, NICKELED-AND-DIMED

00:34:22.083 --> 00:34:25.998
THERE\'S NO FREE LUNCH
OR OVERTIME

00:34:25.999 --> 00:34:28.625
WE JUST GET
NICKELED-AND-DIMED

00:34:28.626 --> 00:34:29.998
WE JUST GET
NICKELED-AND-DIMED.

00:34:29.999 --> 00:34:34.998
NOW, THREE SHIFTS AT $2.25
PLUS TIPS

00:34:34.999 --> 00:34:37.209
WILL BE $150

00:34:38.501 --> 00:34:43.500
AND THEN TWO DAYS
AT $80 MAKES $160

00:34:43.501 --> 00:34:45.998
(men)
THAT\'S $310 A WEEK

00:34:45.999 --> 00:34:48.998
I GOT $650 IN RENT

00:34:48.999 --> 00:34:53.958
AND THEN $110
IN GAS AND UTILITIES

00:34:53.959 --> 00:34:57.875
$200 FOR FOOD AND GROCERIES

00:34:57.876 --> 00:35:03.500
LEAVES $25 A WEEK FOR ME

00:35:03.501 --> 00:35:07.291
NICKELED-AND-DIMED

00:35:07.292 --> 00:35:09.541
NICKELED-AND-DIMED

00:35:09.542 --> 00:35:11.875
THERE\'S NO FREE LUNCH

00:35:11.876 --> 00:35:13.791
AND NO FREE TIME

00:35:13.792 --> 00:35:17.666
WE JUST GET
NICKEL AND DIMES

00:35:17.667 --> 00:35:20.667
[bluesy slide guitar solo]

00:35:25.209 --> 00:35:26.333
(Barbara)
SOME DAY...

00:35:26.334 --> 00:35:28.166
AND I WOULDN\'T MAKE
ANY PREDICTIONS

00:35:28.167 --> 00:35:30.082
AS TO WHEN EXACTLY
THIS WILL HAPPEN...

00:35:30.083 --> 00:35:31.998
PEOPLE ARE GONNA GET TIRED
OF GETTING SO LITTLE

00:35:31.999 --> 00:35:33.500
IN RETURN FOR THEIR WORK,

00:35:33.501 --> 00:35:37.875
AND THEY\'RE GONNA DEMAND
TO BE PAID WHAT THEY\'RE WORTH.

00:35:37.876 --> 00:35:40.541
AND THERE WILL BE A LOT OF ANGER
WHEN THAT DAY COMES,

00:35:40.542 --> 00:35:43.875
AND I THINK THERE WILL BE
STRIKES AND DISRUPTION.

00:35:43.876 --> 00:35:45.416
BUT THE SKY WILL NOT FALL,

00:35:45.417 --> 00:35:49.666
AND WE WILL ALL
BE BETTER OFF FOR IT IN THE END.

00:35:49.667 --> 00:35:53.541
(woman) NOW IT DON\'T ALWAYS
SEEM FAIR TO ME

00:35:53.542 --> 00:35:58.708
BUT I\'LL GET THROUGH IT
IF I TRY

00:35:58.709 --> 00:36:01.166
I DON\'T CALL THIS
PROSPERITY

00:36:01.167 --> 00:36:06.249
\'CAUSE WE\'RE JUST BARELY
GETTING BY

00:36:06.250 --> 00:36:10.082
UNTIL MY DAUGHTER
BREAKS A BONE

00:36:10.083 --> 00:36:13.500
I\'LL WALK
IF MY OLD BUICK DIES

00:36:13.501 --> 00:36:17.666
(woman) OR VERIZON DISCONNECTS
THE PHONE

00:36:17.667 --> 00:36:23.166
(woman) AND THEY MESS UP
MY WHOLE CREDIT LINE

00:36:23.167 --> 00:36:26.374
NICKELED-AND-DIMED

00:36:26.375 --> 00:36:29.625
NICKEL-AND-DIMED

00:36:29.626 --> 00:36:31.416
THERE\'S NO FREE LUNCH

00:36:31.417 --> 00:36:33.291
AND NO FREE TIME

00:36:33.292 --> 00:36:35.291
THERE\'S NO LADDER

00:36:35.292 --> 00:36:37.875
I\'M GONNA CLIMB

00:36:37.876 --> 00:36:41.708
I\'D RATHER LEAD
A LIFE OF CRIME

00:36:41.709 --> 00:36:46.292
THAN TO JUST GET
NICKELED-AND-DIMED.

00:36:51.209 --> 00:36:53.998
DON\'T TAKE IT
TOO HARD, JACK.

00:36:53.999 --> 00:36:55.166
REMEMBER VOLTAIRE:

00:36:55.167 --> 00:36:56.998
\"THE COMFORT
OF THE RICH DEPENDS

00:36:56.999 --> 00:36:58.998
UPON AN ABUNDANCE
OF THE POOR.\"

00:36:58.999 --> 00:37:03.751
IT\'S A LAW OF ECONOMICS
AS OLD AS SUPPLY AND DEMAND.

00:37:08.918 --> 00:37:11.249
SO WHAT DO YOU THINK?

00:37:11.250 --> 00:37:12.333
I MEAN,
IT\'S GREAT.

00:37:12.334 --> 00:37:13.458
IT\'S GREAT.

00:37:13.459 --> 00:37:15.583
NO, I MEAN AS SOMETHING
FOR YOU TO DO

00:37:15.584 --> 00:37:17.998
WITH YOUR OWN WRITING.

00:37:17.999 --> 00:37:19.041
I DON\'T KNOW.

00:37:19.042 --> 00:37:20.998
I MEAN, DOES IT REALLY
HAVE AN IMPACT,

00:37:20.999 --> 00:37:22.917
OR DO PEOPLE JUST LEAVE
THE THEATER

00:37:22.918 --> 00:37:24.998
AND FORGET ALL ABOUT IT?

00:37:24.999 --> 00:37:29.998
WELL, LET\'S ASK SOMEBODY
WHO KNOWS: ROBERT ALTMAN.

00:37:29.999 --> 00:37:31.541
LEWIS, HOW ARE YOU?

00:37:31.542 --> 00:37:32.833
ROBERT,
THIS IS MIKE VANZETTI.

00:37:32.834 --> 00:37:33.834
HELLO, MIKE.

00:37:33.834 --> 00:37:34.834
NICE TO MEET YOU.

00:37:34.835 --> 00:37:35.917
HOW ARE YOU?
GOOD.

00:37:35.918 --> 00:37:37.958
ALTMAN, TAKE ONE.
MARK.

00:37:37.959 --> 00:37:38.998
(man)
AND ACTION.

00:37:38.999 --> 00:37:41.374
ASK HIM YOUR QUESTION.

00:37:41.375 --> 00:37:42.917
WELL,
I WAS WONDERING,

00:37:42.918 --> 00:37:44.208
DO YOU THINK
THAT FILM CAN SERVE

00:37:44.209 --> 00:37:46.998
A PROGRESSIVE
POLITICAL PURPOSE?

00:37:46.999 --> 00:37:49.666
SERVES A PROGRESSIVE
POLITICAL PURPOSE?

00:37:49.667 --> 00:37:50.998
SURE,
IT CAN SERVE ANYTHING.

00:37:50.999 --> 00:37:53.958
IF NIXON SAYS,
OR IF BUSH SAYS,

00:37:53.959 --> 00:37:55.708
\"[...] \'EM,\"

00:37:55.709 --> 00:37:57.374
AND YOU SAID,
\"I SAW HIM SAY THAT.\"

00:37:57.375 --> 00:37:58.666
AND THEY SAY,
\"I DIDN\'T SEE IT,\"

00:37:58.667 --> 00:37:59.958
BUT IF IT\'S ON FILM,

00:37:59.959 --> 00:38:01.374
EVERYBODY CAN SAY,
\"[...] \'EM.\"

00:38:01.375 --> 00:38:02.998
[...] \'EM;
[...] \'EM.

00:38:02.999 --> 00:38:03.999
[...] \'EM!

00:38:04.000 --> 00:38:06.041
[...] \'EM!

00:38:06.042 --> 00:38:07.291
[...] \'EM!

00:38:07.292 --> 00:38:08.917
(Mike)
RIGHT, RIGHT.

00:38:08.918 --> 00:38:11.291
SO YOU THINK YOUR FILMS
HAVE CHANGED PEOPLE\'S MINDS?

00:38:11.292 --> 00:38:12.500
OH, I DON\'T KNOW
ABOUT THAT.

00:38:12.501 --> 00:38:13.998
AND ON THE OTHER SIDE
OF THINGS,

00:38:13.999 --> 00:38:16.041
I MEAN, DO YOU THINK THAT
BIG-BUDGET HOLLYWOOD FILMS...

00:38:16.042 --> 00:38:17.124
DO YOU THINK THEY SERVE

00:38:17.125 --> 00:38:18.917
A KIND OF PROPAGANDISTIC
PURPOSE?

00:38:18.918 --> 00:38:21.791
I THINK THAT HOLLYWOOD
WOULD MAKE A FILM

00:38:21.792 --> 00:38:23.458
ABOUT ANYTHING...

00:38:23.459 --> 00:38:24.459
IF IT COULD
MAKE MONEY.

00:38:24.460 --> 00:38:25.750
IF IT WOULD
MAKE MONEY.

00:38:25.751 --> 00:38:28.041
I DON\'T THINK THEY HAVE
A CONSCIENCE WHATSOEVER

00:38:28.042 --> 00:38:29.750
OR EVEN AN AGENDA.

00:38:29.751 --> 00:38:32.291
THEY FLY FROM NEW YORK
TO LOS ANGELES,

00:38:32.292 --> 00:38:35.583
[...]ING EVERY STEP OF THE WAY
ON ALL OF US.

00:38:35.584 --> 00:38:39.750
HEY, WHY DON\'T WE PUT
ALTMAN\'S THEORY TO THE TEST?

00:38:39.751 --> 00:38:43.166
HOW WOULD WE
DO THAT?

00:38:43.167 --> 00:38:45.708
JUST BE SURE
TO PACK YOUR SCREENPLAY.

00:38:45.709 --> 00:38:48.291
YOU DO HAVE A SCREENPLAY,
DON\'T YOU, MIKE?

00:38:48.292 --> 00:38:49.918
WHO DOESN\'T?

00:38:58.792 --> 00:39:01.998
THANKS.

00:39:01.999 --> 00:39:03.166
HI, GOOD MORNING.

00:39:03.167 --> 00:39:04.998
I\'M ENRIQUE,
MR. MEDAVOY\'S BUTLER.

00:39:04.999 --> 00:39:06.082
GOOD MORNING,
MIKE VANZETTI.

00:39:06.083 --> 00:39:07.875
IT\'S NICE
TO MEET YOU.

00:39:07.876 --> 00:39:09.042
THIS WAY, PLEASE.

00:39:14.999 --> 00:39:16.666
MR. MEDAVOY WILL BE WITH YOU
IN A MOMENT.

00:39:16.667 --> 00:39:17.998
THANK YOU.

00:39:17.999 --> 00:39:20.999
[There\'s No Business
Like Show Business]

00:39:39.167 --> 00:39:40.167
HEY, HOW ARE YOU?

00:39:40.167 --> 00:39:41.167
I\'M MIKE MEDAVOY.

00:39:41.168 --> 00:39:42.958
MIKE VANZETTI,
NICE TO MEET YOU.

00:39:42.959 --> 00:39:44.666
THAT\'S AN EASY NAME
TO REMEMBER.

00:39:44.667 --> 00:39:46.750
YEAH, YEAH, I KNOW.

00:39:46.751 --> 00:39:48.998
LEWIS TELLS ME
THAT YOU DO SOME WRITING.

00:39:48.999 --> 00:39:51.958
WELL, YEAH, I\'VE BEEN WORKING
ON A NOVEL SINCE COLLEGE,

00:39:51.959 --> 00:39:54.374
AND I STARTED A SCREENPLAY
ABOUT THE SUBURBS.

00:39:54.375 --> 00:39:56.998
TEEN COMEDY MEETS SPIELBERG?

00:39:56.999 --> 00:39:58.082
WELL, NOT EXACTLY.

00:39:58.083 --> 00:39:59.583
IT\'S A SORT
OF DARK MEDITATION

00:39:59.584 --> 00:40:02.998
ON THE EMPTINESS AND STERILITY
OF EVERYDAY LIFE.

00:40:02.999 --> 00:40:06.500
SEE, I DON\'T THINK
I CAN HELP YOU WITH THAT ONE.

00:40:06.501 --> 00:40:08.082
YOU KNOW, I\'D LIKE
TO SELL YOU AN IDEA.

00:40:08.083 --> 00:40:09.751
COME ON OVER HERE.
I\'LL SHOW YOU.

00:40:11.167 --> 00:40:13.125
FIRST,
A LITTLE EDUTAINMENT.

00:40:16.667 --> 00:40:19.667
[sweeping orchestral music]

00:40:29.459 --> 00:40:32.459
[film projector whirring]

00:40:41.584 --> 00:40:44.584
[slow piano music]

00:41:25.417 --> 00:41:28.417
[somber organ music]

00:41:43.626 --> 00:41:44.998
(Medavoy)
A CAUTIONARY TALE, MIKE.

00:41:44.999 --> 00:41:46.249
I HOPE YOU
WERE WATCHING CLOSELY.

00:41:46.250 --> 00:41:47.625
NOW, LET ME PUT IT TO YOU
THIS WAY.

00:41:47.626 --> 00:41:48.998
YOU WANT TO BE A WRITER?

00:41:48.999 --> 00:41:49.999
THAT\'S WONDERFUL.

00:41:49.999 --> 00:41:50.999
YOU WANT TO WRITE NOVELS?

00:41:51.000 --> 00:41:53.082
WRITE AIRPORT PAPERBACKS.

00:41:53.083 --> 00:41:54.374
YOU WANT TO WRITE A MOVIE?

00:41:54.375 --> 00:41:55.998
THERE ARE NO MOVIES ANYMORE.

00:41:55.999 --> 00:41:57.833
THERE\'S ONLY CONTENT,

00:41:57.834 --> 00:41:59.666
CONTENT AND DISTRIBUTION.

00:41:59.667 --> 00:42:01.333
BECAUSE IF YOU\'RE
A GREAT WRITER,

00:42:01.334 --> 00:42:02.541
YOU\'LL CREATE A BRAND,

00:42:02.542 --> 00:42:05.333
IN A WORD, SALES.

00:42:05.334 --> 00:42:06.666
AND WHO DO WE
DO IT FOR, MIKE?

00:42:06.667 --> 00:42:08.998
SIX MULTINATIONAL,
HYPER-DIVERSIFIED,

00:42:08.999 --> 00:42:11.708
INTERLOCKING, GLOBE-STRADDLING
OLIGOPOLIES.

00:42:11.709 --> 00:42:12.998
TODAY, SIX;

00:42:12.999 --> 00:42:13.999
TOMORROW, THREE;

00:42:13.999 --> 00:42:14.999
THEN TWO,

00:42:14.999 --> 00:42:15.999
THEN ONE.

00:42:24.792 --> 00:42:26.875
ALL OF EVOLUTION,

00:42:26.876 --> 00:42:30.166
NATURE HERSELF,
HAS LED US TO THIS MOMENT.

00:42:30.167 --> 00:42:31.500
IT IS, TO BORROW A PHRASE,

00:42:31.501 --> 00:42:33.667
THE NATURAL ORDER
OF THINGS TODAY.

00:42:35.626 --> 00:42:38.626
[triumphant orchestral music]

00:42:42.125 --> 00:42:45.583
IT\'S THE ATOMIC, SUBATOMIC,
INTERGALACTIC

00:42:45.584 --> 00:42:46.998
STRUCTURE OF THINGS TODAY.

00:42:46.999 --> 00:42:48.875
YOU STAND AGAINST IT.

00:42:48.876 --> 00:42:51.625
THEN YOU\'LL BE OVERRUN,
EXTINGUISHED.

00:42:51.626 --> 00:42:52.626
YOU WISH TO WRITE?

00:42:52.627 --> 00:42:53.708
WRITE JOKES FOR JAY LENO.

00:42:53.709 --> 00:42:54.709
I WILL NOT LICK YOUR HEADS.

00:42:54.710 --> 00:42:55.998
I DRAW THE LINE...

00:42:55.999 --> 00:42:57.998
(Medavoy) WRITE A PROSPECTUS
FOR A BIG MERGER.

00:42:57.999 --> 00:43:00.041
THE BANKERS RUN THE SHOW ANYWAY.

00:43:00.042 --> 00:43:01.791
GET THEE TO A BANK.

00:43:01.792 --> 00:43:06.958
MONEY, MONEY MAKES
THE WORLD GO ROUND.

00:43:06.959 --> 00:43:09.042
AM I SPINNING THROUGH
TO YOU, MR. VANZETTI?

00:43:11.542 --> 00:43:13.501
FOLLOW ME.

00:43:34.042 --> 00:43:35.998
SO HOW DID IT GO?

00:43:35.999 --> 00:43:37.958
I\'VE SEEN THE FACE
OF GOD.

00:43:37.959 --> 00:43:38.959
GREAT.

00:43:38.960 --> 00:43:41.958
[bittersweet music]

00:43:41.959 --> 00:43:48.998
(man) THERE\'S NO BUSINESS
LIKE SHOW BUSINESS

00:43:48.999 --> 00:43:53.249
LIKE NO BUSINESS I KNOW

00:43:53.250 --> 00:43:54.625
HEY, LEWIS?

00:43:54.626 --> 00:43:56.958
HEY, MIKE.

00:43:56.959 --> 00:43:59.458
SO I JUST MET WITH YOUR PROJECT.

00:43:59.459 --> 00:44:02.333
YEP, STUCK TO THE SCRIPT
TO THE LETTER.

00:44:02.334 --> 00:44:05.166
FOR ALL THIS KID KNOWS,
I\'M LOWER THAN WHALE [...],

00:44:05.167 --> 00:44:08.583
THE WORST KIND
OF CORPORATE STUDIO SLEAZE.

00:44:08.584 --> 00:44:10.917
WELL, WE\'LL SEE
WHAT HE\'S MADE OUT OF.

00:44:10.918 --> 00:44:15.666
(chorus)
YOU GET THAT HAPPY FEELING.

00:44:15.667 --> 00:44:17.541
I DON\'T THINK THEY\'RE GONNA
TAKE MY SCREENPLAY

00:44:17.542 --> 00:44:19.998
IN HOLLYWOOD, LEWIS.

00:44:19.999 --> 00:44:22.998
GUESS I NEED TO WORK
ON MY COMMERCIAL APPEAL.

00:44:22.999 --> 00:44:24.998
TOUGH BREAK, KID.

00:44:24.999 --> 00:44:29.291
WOULD YOU AGREE WITH MR. MEDAVOY
THAT THE BANKERS RUN THE SHOW?

00:44:29.292 --> 00:44:37.292
(man)
LIKE NO BUSINESS I KNOW

00:44:40.042 --> 00:44:44.124
(Jack) YOU KNOW, I\'VE BEEN TORN
OVER THIS STUFF

00:44:44.125 --> 00:44:45.750
FOR MANY YEARS NOW.

00:44:45.751 --> 00:44:47.998
AND WHAT YOU\'VE SHOWN ME,

00:44:47.999 --> 00:44:51.124
AS I\'M SURE YOU\'VE
PROBABLY INTENDED,

00:44:51.125 --> 00:44:52.333
HASN\'T HELPED AT ALL.

00:44:52.334 --> 00:44:53.917
IT\'S ACTUALLY
MADE THINGS WORSE.

00:44:53.918 --> 00:44:54.998
[laughs]
SORRY.

00:44:54.999 --> 00:44:56.998
IT JUST DOESN\'T
SEEM FAIR TO SAY

00:44:56.999 --> 00:44:59.124
THAT I HAVE TO CHOOSE
BETWEEN LIVING A VIRTUOUS LIFE

00:44:59.125 --> 00:45:00.458
AND HAVING MONEY.

00:45:00.459 --> 00:45:01.998
WHY SHOULD I HAVE
TO MAKE THAT CHOICE?

00:45:01.999 --> 00:45:06.459
JACK, THERE ARE PEOPLE THAT SAY
YOU DON\'T HAVE TO CHOOSE.

00:45:08.292 --> 00:45:13.041
JACK, THIS IS THE COUNCIL
ON FOREIGN RELATIONS.

00:45:13.042 --> 00:45:16.124
AND FOR THE LAST 50 YEARS,

00:45:16.125 --> 00:45:18.541
EVERY PROMINENT SECRETARY
OF STATE OR OF DEFENSE

00:45:18.542 --> 00:45:19.998
HAS BEEN A MEMBER.

00:45:19.999 --> 00:45:21.374
AND TO LIST THE NAMES

00:45:21.375 --> 00:45:22.875
OF ALL THE MEMBERS
OF THE COUNCIL

00:45:22.876 --> 00:45:23.998
WOULD BE TO LIST THE NAMES

00:45:23.999 --> 00:45:25.416
OF ALL THE MEMBERS

00:45:25.417 --> 00:45:26.998
OF THE NATION\'S
BETTER GOLF CLUBS.

00:45:26.999 --> 00:45:28.998
STALWART OLIGARCHS

00:45:28.999 --> 00:45:31.833
FIRM IN THEIR LOYALTY
TO THE MONEYED INTEREST,

00:45:31.834 --> 00:45:34.998
APT TO BELIEVE
THAT NOBODY IS FULLY HUMAN

00:45:34.999 --> 00:45:38.416
UNLESS HE OR SHE POSSESSES
AN INCOME OF AT LEAST

00:45:38.417 --> 00:45:40.791
$500,000 A YEAR.

00:45:40.792 --> 00:45:41.998
I MUST TELL YOU,

00:45:41.999 --> 00:45:43.791
IN THE INTEREST
OF FULL DISCLOSURE,

00:45:43.792 --> 00:45:46.458
THAT I, TOO, AM A MEMBER
OF THE COUNCIL.

00:45:46.459 --> 00:45:48.998
BUT EVEN I CAN\'T TAKE YOU
INTO THE BUILDING,

00:45:48.999 --> 00:45:51.667
AND YET, IT IS THERE
THAT YOU MUST GO.

00:45:55.834 --> 00:45:57.291
IN HERE?

00:45:57.292 --> 00:45:59.709
IN THERE.

00:46:01.375 --> 00:46:02.998
LOOK, MR. LAPHAM,
WHATEVER ENDS UP HAPPENING,

00:46:02.999 --> 00:46:06.458
I JUST WANT TO THANK YOU
FOR EVERYTHING.

00:46:06.459 --> 00:46:08.125
THINK NOTHING OF IT.

00:46:12.542 --> 00:46:13.542
JACK.

00:46:15.042 --> 00:46:18.333
AT LEAST DO NO HARM.

00:46:18.334 --> 00:46:19.709
I\'LL TRY.

00:46:23.626 --> 00:46:27.958
(Lapham) JACK WASN\'T SLOW TO LEARN
THE LESSONS HE WANTED TO LEARN.

00:46:27.959 --> 00:46:29.998
AND BECAUSE I NEVER
SAW HIM AGAIN,

00:46:29.999 --> 00:46:33.249
I ASSUMED THAT SOMEBODY
AT THE COUNCIL HAD TAUGHT HIM

00:46:33.250 --> 00:46:38.875
THE SEDUCTIVE ARITHMETIC
OF AMERICA\'S WEALTH AND POWER.

00:46:38.876 --> 00:46:42.625
AND I FIGURED THAT IN ANOTHER
FIVE OR SIX YEARS,

00:46:42.626 --> 00:46:44.291
HE\'D SEND A POSTCARD
FROM A GOLF OUTING

00:46:44.292 --> 00:46:45.998
AT VERO BEACH

00:46:45.999 --> 00:46:49.791
OR MAYBE A BOX OF CHOCOLATE

00:46:49.792 --> 00:46:51.998
FROM SOME SORT
OF STATE DEPARTMENT CONFERENCE

00:46:51.999 --> 00:46:53.500
IN VIENNA.

00:46:53.501 --> 00:46:55.998
\'CAUSE LATE AT NIGHT

00:46:55.999 --> 00:47:03.999
THE GREAT AND MIGHTY
WURLITZER PLAYS ON

00:47:04.999 --> 00:47:10.998
WE ARE POOR LITTLE LAMBS
WHO HAVE LOST OUR WAY

00:47:10.999 --> 00:47:15.750
BAH, BAH, BAH

00:47:15.751 --> 00:47:21.416
WE ARE LITTLE BLACK SHEEP
WHO HAVE GONE ASTRAY

00:47:21.417 --> 00:47:25.583
BAH, BAH, BAH

00:47:25.584 --> 00:47:28.584
[wind blowing]

00:47:38.501 --> 00:47:40.124
(Lapham)
I WROTE TO MIKE TO TELL HIM

00:47:40.125 --> 00:47:43.875
THAT JACK HAD CLIMBED
THE STAIRWAY TO HEAVEN.

00:47:43.876 --> 00:47:45.998
ORDINARILY,
I MIGHT HAVE MADE A JOKE

00:47:45.999 --> 00:47:49.291
ABOUT JACK DOING HIS BEST
FOR GOD, FOR COUNTRY,

00:47:49.292 --> 00:47:52.041
AND FOR YALE.

00:47:52.042 --> 00:47:54.458
BUT GUESSING THAT THE NEWS
WOULD TUMBLE MIKE

00:47:54.459 --> 00:47:56.875
INTO THE PIT OF DEPRESSION,

00:47:56.876 --> 00:47:57.998
I WROTE INSTEAD

00:47:57.999 --> 00:48:02.041
IN THE UNAMBIGUOUS LANGUAGE
OF HOPE,

00:48:02.042 --> 00:48:03.791
BECAUSE WITHOUT COURAGE,

00:48:03.792 --> 00:48:07.998
HOW COULD HE RESIST
THE TEMPTATIONS OF THE FLESH

00:48:07.999 --> 00:48:10.417
AND THE WHISPERINGS OF MONEY?

00:48:11.999 --> 00:48:13.708
MIKE.

00:48:13.709 --> 00:48:15.750
[whispers]
THANK GOD YOU\'RE HERE.

00:48:15.751 --> 00:48:17.999
YOU HAVE TO SAVE ME
FROM THESE CORPORATE SLUGS.

00:48:19.250 --> 00:48:20.958
MIKE, HI.

00:48:20.959 --> 00:48:21.998
HOW ARE YOU?

00:48:21.999 --> 00:48:23.249
GOOD TO SEE YOU.
I\'M GLAD YOU CAME.

00:48:23.250 --> 00:48:25.458
MINGLE.

00:48:25.459 --> 00:48:26.998
(Armstrong)
HIGH SOCIETY

00:48:26.999 --> 00:48:28.998
(Taylor) WHEN YOU WERE YOUNGER,
WHEN PEOPLE ASKED YOU

00:48:28.999 --> 00:48:30.625
WHAT YOU WANTED TO DO
WHEN YOU GREW UP,

00:48:30.626 --> 00:48:32.791
DID YOU SAY,
\"I REALLY WANT TO BE

00:48:32.792 --> 00:48:34.082
AN INVESTMENT BANKER?\"
NO.

00:48:34.083 --> 00:48:35.833
DID YOU BASICALLY GROW UP
SAYING THAT YOU WANTED TO BE,

00:48:35.834 --> 00:48:37.791
LIKE, A SELF-RIGHTEOUS ACTIVIST?

00:48:37.792 --> 00:48:40.998
(Taylor) OKAY, SO YOU\'RE TELLING ME
THAT YOU\'RE INTO A CAREER

00:48:40.999 --> 00:48:42.583
WHERE THE PEOPLE SUCK,
TO PUT IT LIGHTLY,

00:48:42.584 --> 00:48:44.500
WHERE THE WORK IS TERRIBLE.

00:48:44.501 --> 00:48:46.458
IT\'S ABOUT WHAT IT\'S GONNA
ALLOW ME TO DO LATER ON.

00:48:46.459 --> 00:48:48.541
YOU AND YOUR FRIENDS
AND THE PARTIES THAT THEY GO TO

00:48:48.542 --> 00:48:49.998
AND THE EXPENSIVE DRINKS
THAT THEY HAVE

00:48:49.999 --> 00:48:52.041
AND THE CABS THAT THEY
PAY FOR, ET CETERA, ET CETERA,

00:48:52.042 --> 00:48:53.917
WHAT CHANGES THINGS
IN COUNTRIES,

00:48:53.918 --> 00:48:55.082
IN AMERICA, IS MONEY.

00:48:55.083 --> 00:48:56.500
THERE ARE OTHER CHOICES

00:48:56.501 --> 00:48:57.998
THAT YOU CAN MAKE
THAT DON\'T INVOLVE

00:48:57.999 --> 00:49:00.833
DIVING INTO MINDLESS,
TERRIBLE CAREERS, AS SAM SAID.

00:49:00.834 --> 00:49:02.166
OKAY, YOU\'RE BEING
REALLY DRAMATIC,

00:49:02.167 --> 00:49:03.458
BY THE WAY.

00:49:03.459 --> 00:49:05.082
TAYLOR, YOU ASKED
WHAT CAPITAL PRODUCES.

00:49:05.083 --> 00:49:06.875
IT PRODUCED YOUR FAMILY.

00:49:06.876 --> 00:49:09.666
LIKE, WHERE ARE YOU
IF NOT FOR YOUR FAMILY?

00:49:09.667 --> 00:49:11.374
I\'M NOT GONNA DENY
THE FACT THAT I\'M WEALTHY.

00:49:11.375 --> 00:49:13.541
I AM WEALTHY.
I\'M VERY WEALTHY.

00:49:13.542 --> 00:49:14.998
(Emily) YOU HAVE THE PRIVILEGE
OF HAVING MONEY

00:49:14.999 --> 00:49:16.625
TO FUND YOUR IDEALS

00:49:16.626 --> 00:49:17.626
THAT NO ONE ELSE HAS.

00:49:17.626 --> 00:49:18.626
FINE, FINE,
I HAVE MONEY,

00:49:18.627 --> 00:49:19.998
BUT AT LEAST
I\'M DOING SOMETHING.

00:49:19.999 --> 00:49:21.541
AT LEAST I\'M OUT THERE
MAKING SOMETHING

00:49:21.542 --> 00:49:22.998
OUT OF THE MONEY
THAT I HAVE.

00:49:22.999 --> 00:49:25.583
I\'M SORRY;
I DON\'T HAVE A TRUST FUND

00:49:25.584 --> 00:49:28.083
TO ENABLE ME TO WORK
FOR LEGAL AID FOR FREE.

00:49:31.501 --> 00:49:35.750
I ADMIRE YOU\'RE TRYING TO DO
SOMETHING TANGIBLE ABOUT IT,

00:49:35.751 --> 00:49:38.791
BUT I THINK I FIND
THE SITUATION PRETTY HOPELESS.

00:49:38.792 --> 00:49:42.166
I MEAN, THERE\'S NO HOPE
ON THE WAY

00:49:42.167 --> 00:49:43.458
FROM THE POLITICAL SYSTEM.

00:49:43.459 --> 00:49:45.208
I MEAN, AT LEAST
THE REPUBLICANS MAKE NO BONES

00:49:45.209 --> 00:49:46.875
ABOUT THE FACT
THAT THEY\'RE, YOU KNOW,

00:49:46.876 --> 00:49:49.291
ON THE SIDE OF WEALTH
AND WARFARE.

00:49:49.292 --> 00:49:50.998
NO, I COMPLETELY AGREE WITH YOU,

00:49:50.999 --> 00:49:53.999
BUT YOU CAN\'T RESIGN YOURSELF
TO IT AND JUST LOSE HOPE.

00:49:57.375 --> 00:49:59.875
THERE\'S A GREAT QUOTE
BY MARGARET MEAD.

00:49:59.876 --> 00:50:00.998
IT GOES SOMETHING LIKE,

00:50:00.999 --> 00:50:04.500
\"NEVER DOUBT THAT A SMALL GROUP
OF COMMITTED,

00:50:04.501 --> 00:50:06.998
\"THOUGHTFUL CITIZENS
CAN CHANGE THE WORLD.

00:50:06.999 --> 00:50:08.999
INDEED, IT IS THE ONLY THING
THAT EVER REALLY HAS.\"

00:50:10.501 --> 00:50:11.708
WELL, THAT\'S FUNNY,

00:50:11.709 --> 00:50:13.583
BECAUSE YOU\'RE THE SECOND PERSON
THIS WEEK

00:50:13.584 --> 00:50:15.999
WHO\'S TRIED TO CONVINCE ME
NOT TO LOSE HOPE.

00:50:24.501 --> 00:50:25.958
(woman)
GOOD AFTERNOON.

00:50:25.959 --> 00:50:27.500
(man)
HI, HOW ARE YOU TODAY?

00:50:27.501 --> 00:50:29.791
(woman)
I\'M GOOD.

00:50:29.792 --> 00:50:30.833
CELL PHONES OFF, PLEASE.

00:50:30.834 --> 00:50:31.917
HOW YOU DOING?

00:50:31.918 --> 00:50:33.626
NICE TO MEET YOU;
MY NAME\'S DAVE.

00:50:37.042 --> 00:50:39.124
DIRECTLY IN FRONT OF US,
WHERE THAT LADY IS STANDING,

00:50:39.125 --> 00:50:41.917
YOU CAN SEE THE COBBLESTONE
CIRCLE ON THE ISLAND.

00:50:41.918 --> 00:50:43.625
AND THAT\'S WHERE FIVE CITIZENS

00:50:43.626 --> 00:50:46.875
OF BOSTON WERE KILLED
BY THE BRITISH.

00:50:46.876 --> 00:50:48.500
THAT\'S CALLED
THE BOSTON MASSACRE.

00:50:48.501 --> 00:50:50.998
BUT TODAY
I HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY

00:50:50.999 --> 00:50:52.875
TO INTRODUCE
PROFESSOR HOWARD ZINN,

00:50:52.876 --> 00:50:54.416
WHO IS ON BOARD WITH US.

00:50:54.417 --> 00:50:55.998
HE IS GONNA TELL YOU
SOME THINGS

00:50:55.999 --> 00:50:57.541
ABOUT THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

00:50:57.542 --> 00:50:59.583
THAT YOU DID NOT LEARN
IN YOUR HISTORY BOOKS.

00:50:59.584 --> 00:51:04.583
SO PROFESSOR ZINN,
HERE IS THE MICROPHONE, SIR.

00:51:04.584 --> 00:51:08.041
[high-pitched screeching]

00:51:08.042 --> 00:51:11.750
(Zinn) SUPPOSE WE TAKE
A LEFT TURN HERE,

00:51:11.751 --> 00:51:13.792
AND WE CAN TALK A LITTLE
ABOUT SHAY\'S REBELLION.

00:51:20.999 --> 00:51:23.333
WELL, THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
WAS SUCCESSFUL

00:51:23.334 --> 00:51:26.708
IN BRINGING CLASSES TOGETHER
TO SOME EXTENT

00:51:26.709 --> 00:51:28.583
FOR THE FIGHT
AGAINST ENGLAND.

00:51:28.584 --> 00:51:30.917
BUT ONCE THAT WAR WAS OVER,

00:51:30.918 --> 00:51:35.917
THOSE CLASS ANTAGONISMS
BEGAN TO EMERGE AGAIN.

00:51:35.918 --> 00:51:37.208
THE PEACE TREATY WAS SIGNED
IN 1783.

00:51:37.209 --> 00:51:38.958
THREE YEARS LATER,
THERE WAS REBELLION

00:51:38.959 --> 00:51:39.998
IN WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS.

00:51:39.999 --> 00:51:42.998
THE FOUNDING FATHERS

00:51:42.999 --> 00:51:45.458
BECAME VERY CONCERNED
ABOUT FUTURE REBELLIONS.

00:51:45.459 --> 00:51:48.291
WHEN THEY GOT TOGETHER
IN PHILADELPHIA IN 1787

00:51:48.292 --> 00:51:51.291
TO FRAME THE CONSTITUTION
OF THE UNITED STATES,

00:51:51.292 --> 00:51:52.998
THEY WANTED A GOVERNMENT

00:51:52.999 --> 00:51:54.998
STRONG ENOUGH
TO PUT DOWN REBELLION.

00:51:54.999 --> 00:51:59.249
AND SO THE CONSTITUTION
WAS ADOPTED AS, YOU MIGHT SAY,

00:51:59.250 --> 00:52:03.167
A LAW-AND-ORDER DOCUMENT
TO MAINTAIN STABILITY.

00:52:09.167 --> 00:52:11.082
WITH ALL THAT CONTROL,

00:52:11.083 --> 00:52:14.124
WITH ALL THOSE ENTICEMENTS
AND DIVERSIONS,

00:52:14.125 --> 00:52:15.998
THE ESTABLISHMENT
HAS BEEN UNABLE

00:52:15.999 --> 00:52:18.124
TO KEEP ITSELF SECURE
FROM REVOLT.

00:52:18.125 --> 00:52:20.416
BLACKS REBELLED.

00:52:20.417 --> 00:52:22.917
INDIANS, THOUGHT DEAD,
REAPPEARED.

00:52:22.918 --> 00:52:25.541
DEFIANT WORKING PEOPLE
WENT ON STRIKE,

00:52:25.542 --> 00:52:27.998
AND YOUNG PEOPLE LIKE YOURSELF,

00:52:27.999 --> 00:52:30.833
DESPITE THE LURES
OF CAREERS AND COMFORT

00:52:30.834 --> 00:52:32.458
HAVE DEFECTED.

00:52:32.459 --> 00:52:36.666
OUR ONLY HOPE FOR REAL CHANGE
LIES IN THE POSSIBILITY

00:52:36.667 --> 00:52:38.458
THAT ALL OF US
WHO ARE SLIGHTLY PRIVILEGED

00:52:38.459 --> 00:52:40.625
AND SLIGHTLY UNEASY

00:52:40.626 --> 00:52:42.041
BEGIN TO SEE
THAT WE ARE LIKE THE GUARDS

00:52:42.042 --> 00:52:45.625
IN THE PRISON UPRISING
IN ATTICA,

00:52:45.626 --> 00:52:47.166
EXPENDABLE.

00:52:47.167 --> 00:52:50.458
THAT THE ESTABLISHMENT,
WHATEVER REWARDS IT GIVE US,

00:52:50.459 --> 00:52:53.998
WILL ALSO, IF NECESSARY
TO MAINTAIN ITS CONTROL,

00:52:53.999 --> 00:52:56.667
KILL US.

00:53:00.292 --> 00:53:03.998
IF THE GUARDS STOP OBEYING,
IF YOU STOP OBEYING,

00:53:03.999 --> 00:53:06.875
THE SYSTEM FALLS.

00:53:06.876 --> 00:53:09.791
IF WE UNDERSTAND THAT
AND ACT ON IT,

00:53:09.792 --> 00:53:13.166
NOT ONLY WILL LIFE BE MORE
SATISFYING TODAY,

00:53:13.167 --> 00:53:16.374
BUT OUR GRANDCHILDREN
AND OUR GREAT-GRANDCHILDREN

00:53:16.375 --> 00:53:19.998
MAY SEE A DIFFERENT
AND MARVELOUS WORLD.

00:53:19.999 --> 00:53:22.999
[triumphant organ
and choral music]

00:53:58.501 --> 00:53:59.501
KEVIN, LISTEN.

00:53:59.502 --> 00:54:00.958
WHAT HAPPENED
WITH THIS?

00:54:00.959 --> 00:54:01.998
I NEED A SALMON.

00:54:01.999 --> 00:54:03.875
YOU NEED A SALMON?

00:54:03.876 --> 00:54:06.458
YOU NEED A SALMON,
AND YOU ORDERED A SALAD?

00:54:06.459 --> 00:54:08.917
HOW MANY TIMES ARE YOU GONNA
KEEP MAKING THIS STUPID MISTAKE?

00:54:08.918 --> 00:54:09.998
IT DOESN\'T HAPPEN
THAT OFTEN.

00:54:09.999 --> 00:54:11.291
\"IT DOESN\'T HAPPEN
THAT OFTEN.\"

00:54:11.292 --> 00:54:12.875
IT JUST CAN\'T HAPPEN
WHEN WE\'RE BUSY.

00:54:12.876 --> 00:54:14.166
IT JUST CAN\'T HAPPEN.

00:54:14.167 --> 00:54:15.249
WHAT TABLE IS THIS?

00:54:15.250 --> 00:54:17.876
IT\'S TABLE FIVE.
ALL RIGHT.

00:54:21.083 --> 00:54:22.750
MIKE.

00:54:22.751 --> 00:54:23.751
HEY, JACK, WHAT\'S UP?

00:54:23.752 --> 00:54:25.249
NOT MUCH.
HOW ARE YOU DOING?

00:54:25.250 --> 00:54:26.250
ALL RIGHT.
HOW ARE YOU?

00:54:26.250 --> 00:54:27.250
I CAN\'T COMPLAIN.

00:54:27.251 --> 00:54:28.291
YOU LIVE AROUND HERE?

00:54:28.292 --> 00:54:29.666
YEAH, RIGHT HERE,
ACTUALLY.

00:54:29.667 --> 00:54:30.998
NOT BAD.

00:54:30.999 --> 00:54:32.998
GOLDMAN\'S BEEN TREATING YOU
ALL RIGHT, I GUESS.

00:54:32.999 --> 00:54:34.998
NO GUESS, RIGHT?

00:54:34.999 --> 00:54:37.082
GREAT CAREER,
MEETING LOTS OF NICE PEOPLE,

00:54:37.083 --> 00:54:38.083
MAKING LOTS OF MONEY.

00:54:38.084 --> 00:54:39.958
RIGHT.

00:54:39.959 --> 00:54:43.042
LOOK, THERE\'S A COUPLE SPOTS
OPENING UP AT GOLDMAN.

00:54:45.125 --> 00:54:46.166
HERE\'S MY CARD.

00:54:46.167 --> 00:54:47.625
GIVE ME A CALL...

00:54:47.626 --> 00:54:50.041
(Lapham) WHEN JACK PRESENTED HIS CARD,
HE REMINDED MIKE

00:54:50.042 --> 00:54:53.416
THAT PLACES AT GOLDMAN
WERE AS HARD TO COME BY

00:54:53.417 --> 00:54:55.041
AS WINNING NUMBERS
IN THE LOTTERY.

00:54:55.042 --> 00:54:57.208
I MEAN, PUT SOME MONEY
IN THE BANK, YOU KNOW,

00:54:57.209 --> 00:54:58.209
AND THEN SAVE THE WORLD.

00:54:58.210 --> 00:54:59.333
IT\'S A LOT EASIER
THAT WAY,

00:54:59.334 --> 00:55:00.833
AND IT\'S PROBABLY
MORE EFFECTIVE.

00:55:00.834 --> 00:55:02.666
JUST CONSIDER IT.

00:55:02.667 --> 00:55:04.998
(Lapham)
MIKE WOULD HAVE TO ACT FAST.

00:55:04.999 --> 00:55:09.584
THE NEW HIRES\' ORIENTATION
WAS JUST THREE WEEKS AWAY.

00:55:12.999 --> 00:55:15.666
MIKE WAS NOW FIRMLY
UNDER THE MATTRESS

00:55:15.667 --> 00:55:18.750
OF WHAT A ROMANTIC GERMAN POET
ONCE CALLED

00:55:18.751 --> 00:55:22.541
\"THE DULL COMPULSION
OF THE ECONOMIC.\"

00:55:22.542 --> 00:55:28.958
IT WAS, AS I KNEW WELL,
NOT A GOOD PLACE TO BE.

00:55:28.959 --> 00:55:33.998
LET\'S JUST SAY I WANTED TO HAVE
MY OWN FAMILY NAME SOMEDAY,

00:55:33.999 --> 00:55:35.998
IF I WANTED TO BE UP FRONT.

00:55:35.999 --> 00:55:37.500
WHAT WOULD BE THE
NEXT STEP?

00:55:37.501 --> 00:55:39.374
DO I BEGIN TO DETECT

00:55:39.375 --> 00:55:41.917
A WHIFF OF AMBITION
IN YOU, MIKE?

00:55:41.918 --> 00:55:45.208
IF SO, IT\'S A CAUSE
FOR CELEBRATION.

00:55:45.209 --> 00:55:48.041
BARTENDER, A DRINK
FOR MR. VANZETTI.

00:55:48.042 --> 00:55:50.500
HE\'S FINALLY READY
TO MEET THE RULING CLASS.

00:55:50.501 --> 00:55:51.541
BEER?

00:55:51.542 --> 00:55:53.500
SURE.

00:55:53.501 --> 00:55:56.501
[militaristic music]

00:56:02.250 --> 00:56:03.833
(Lapham)
HERE\'S A LIST OF THE PEOPLE

00:56:03.834 --> 00:56:05.998
WHO TODAY, YESTERDAY,
AND TOMORROW

00:56:05.999 --> 00:56:09.583
ADMINISTER THE COUNTRY
IN WHICH YOU LIVE.

00:56:09.584 --> 00:56:11.041
YOU\'LL NOTE THAT EACH
OF THEM SPENT TIME

00:56:11.042 --> 00:56:13.998
IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR
AND IN THE PRIVATE SECTOR.

00:56:13.999 --> 00:56:17.124
REMEMBER, IT DOESN\'T MATTER
WHICH OF THOSE YOU DO FIRST

00:56:17.125 --> 00:56:19.416
AS LONG AS YOU DO THEM BOTH.

00:56:19.417 --> 00:56:21.998
HI, DR. BROWN?

00:56:21.999 --> 00:56:23.124
MIKE VANZETTI.

00:56:23.125 --> 00:56:25.750
LEWIS SAID I SHOULD COME TO YOU
FOR SOME CAREER ADVICE.

00:56:25.751 --> 00:56:26.998
GOOD TO MEET YOU,
MIKE.

00:56:26.999 --> 00:56:28.291
WHY DON\'T YOU COME
SIT DOWN?

00:56:28.292 --> 00:56:31.292
[theme from The Great Escape]

00:56:37.209 --> 00:56:38.209
HI, MR. GREGORIAN.

00:56:38.209 --> 00:56:39.209
HI.
VARTAN GREGORIAN.

00:56:39.210 --> 00:56:40.875
NICE TO MEET YOU.

00:56:40.876 --> 00:56:43.876
AND I\'M GLAD YOU ARE STANDING
NEXT TO ANDREW CARNEGIE\'S BUST.

00:56:52.751 --> 00:56:53.998
GOOD TO SEE YOU.
WELCOME.

00:56:53.999 --> 00:56:55.291
HI, MIKE VANZETTI.
NICE TO MEET YOU.

00:56:55.292 --> 00:56:56.452
GOOD TO SEE YOU.
BILL BRADLEY.

00:57:01.417 --> 00:57:04.417
[sweeping orchestral music]

00:57:09.999 --> 00:57:11.334
WILL TAFT.

00:57:20.626 --> 00:57:21.998
HI, NICE TO MEET YOU.

00:57:21.999 --> 00:57:23.998
I\'VE BEEN WAITING FOR YOU
FOR THE LAST FIVE MINUTES.

00:57:23.999 --> 00:57:25.709
SORRY ABOUT THAT.

00:57:32.626 --> 00:57:34.875
I HEAR YOU\'RE
AN AMBITIOUS MAN

00:57:34.876 --> 00:57:35.998
AND YOU WANT SOME ADVICE.

00:57:35.999 --> 00:57:36.999
LET\'S TALK
A LITTLE BIT.

00:57:42.167 --> 00:57:43.998
HI, I UNDERSTAND
THAT YOU\'RE INTERESTED

00:57:43.999 --> 00:57:45.999
IN A JOB
IN PUBLIC AFFAIRS.

00:57:50.999 --> 00:57:52.333
MAKE THE MOST
OF THE LESSON, MIKE,

00:57:52.334 --> 00:57:55.041
AND YOU MIGHT FIND YOURSELF
NOT MERELY A MEMBER

00:57:55.042 --> 00:57:58.041
OF THE POSSESSING CLASS
OR THE CELEBRITY CLASS

00:57:58.042 --> 00:58:00.626
BUT SOMEONE
WITH TRUE POWER, A RULER.

00:58:04.083 --> 00:58:05.416
SO WHAT\'S ON YOUR MIND?

00:58:05.417 --> 00:58:07.998
COULD YOU DESCRIBE FOR ME
YOUR OWN TRAJECTORY?

00:58:07.999 --> 00:58:09.416
I WAS IN BEIRUT, LEBANON.

00:58:09.417 --> 00:58:11.708
SMALL TOWN IN THE MIDWEST
IN MISSOURI

00:58:11.709 --> 00:58:13.124
ON THE BANKS
OF THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER.

00:58:13.125 --> 00:58:14.583
WELL, I WENT TO GRADUATE SCHOOL.

00:58:14.584 --> 00:58:16.958
DOCTOR\'S DEGREE
IN NUCLEAR PHYSICS.

00:58:16.959 --> 00:58:17.998
HARVARD LAW SCHOOL.

00:58:17.999 --> 00:58:19.166
FOR RHODES SCHOLARSHIP...

00:58:19.167 --> 00:58:21.958
SO IT WASN\'T AS IF
I FELL OFF THE TURNIP TRUCK.

00:58:21.959 --> 00:58:23.917
(Taft)
I\'VE HAD A NUMBER OF ADVANTAGES

00:58:23.918 --> 00:58:25.998
WHICH I HOPE
I HAVEN\'T ABUSED TOO MUCH.

00:58:25.999 --> 00:58:28.374
I WAS CLERKING
FOR MR. JUSTICE FRANKFURTER.

00:58:28.375 --> 00:58:29.958
WAS ONE OF THE FOUNDERS

00:58:29.959 --> 00:58:31.998
OF THE LAWRENCE
LIVERMORE LABORATORY.

00:58:31.999 --> 00:58:34.500
ONE OF THE SIX SENIOR COUNCILS
TO THE WARREN COMMISSION.

00:58:34.501 --> 00:58:36.082
PRESIDENT OF THE NEW YORK
PUBLIC LIBRARY.

00:58:36.083 --> 00:58:37.333
THE SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY.

00:58:37.334 --> 00:58:38.416
DEFENSE SECRETARY.

00:58:38.417 --> 00:58:39.791
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION.

00:58:39.792 --> 00:58:41.374
THE STATE DEPARTMENT
AND THE PENTAGON

00:58:41.375 --> 00:58:42.998
AND THE NATIONAL
INTELLIGENCE COUNCIL.

00:58:42.999 --> 00:58:45.998
IS THERE
AN AMERICAN RULING CLASS,

00:58:45.999 --> 00:58:47.998
AND IF SO,
HOW DOES ONE JOIN?

00:58:47.999 --> 00:58:51.166
MY HEAVENS, THAT\'S A RATHER
AMBITIOUS CAREER GOAL.

00:58:51.167 --> 00:58:52.998
I DON\'T KNOW
IF THERE\'S A CLASS.

00:58:52.999 --> 00:58:55.124
IT\'S A CONCEPT
THAT\'S MUCH TOO AMORPHOUS,

00:58:55.125 --> 00:58:56.374
I THINK, IN THIS COUNTRY.

00:58:56.375 --> 00:58:58.625
WITH ALL DUE RESPECT,
I THINK THE PEOPLE RULE.

00:58:58.626 --> 00:59:00.998
IT\'S A SURPRISINGLY
OPEN ELITE.

00:59:00.999 --> 00:59:02.458
YOU START IN THE BASEMENT

00:59:02.459 --> 00:59:05.998
AND WORK YOURSELF
UP TO THE TOP FLOOR.

00:59:05.999 --> 00:59:08.584
WHEN YOU REACH THERE,
MOVE ACROSS THE STREET.

00:59:10.709 --> 00:59:13.541
(Mike) SO WHEN YOU GOT TO BE
SECRETARY OF DEFENSE,

00:59:13.542 --> 00:59:15.208
WHO TAUGHT YOU THE ROPES?

00:59:15.209 --> 00:59:17.998
I HAD SERVED IN THE DEFENSE
DEPARTMENT FOR EIGHT YEARS

00:59:17.999 --> 00:59:21.249
BEFORE I BECAME SECRETARY
OF DEFENSE.

00:59:21.250 --> 00:59:23.249
I KNEW WHAT THE PLACE WAS LIKE.

00:59:23.250 --> 00:59:26.917
IF YOU WERE TO DECIDE
TO GO INTO PUBLIC SERVICE

00:59:26.918 --> 00:59:28.374
AND BE APPOINTED
SECRETARY OF DEFENSE,

00:59:28.375 --> 00:59:29.958
YOU\'D HAVE A LOT TO LEARN,

00:59:29.959 --> 00:59:32.584
SO IT\'S LUCKY
THAT YOU\'RE NOT ABOUT TO BE.

00:59:35.501 --> 00:59:36.833
(Gregorian)
ANDREW CARNEGIE

00:59:36.834 --> 00:59:39.291
WAS ONE OF THE RICHEST MEN
IN THE 20TH CENTURY.

00:59:39.292 --> 00:59:41.833
HE BELIEVED THAT CAPITALISTS
ARE TRUSTEES OF PUBLIC WEALTH

00:59:41.834 --> 00:59:43.666
AND THAT WEALTH, THEREFORE,

00:59:43.667 --> 00:59:46.374
HAS TO BE REINVESTED
IN SOCIETY.

00:59:46.375 --> 00:59:47.666
DON\'T TAXES DO THAT?

00:59:47.667 --> 00:59:50.417
AND... NO, THE ENTIRE
THING HE GAVE.

00:59:53.999 --> 00:59:57.750
(Mike) MY CONCERN, THOUGH,
IS THAT THE CAPITAL

00:59:57.751 --> 00:59:59.291
THAT ALLOWS
FOR THE FORMATION

00:59:59.292 --> 01:00:01.500
OF THESE PHILANTHROPIC
INSTITUTIONS

01:00:01.501 --> 01:00:05.708
COMES FROM THE FORTUNES
OF EXTREMELY WEALTHY AMERICANS.

01:00:05.709 --> 01:00:08.458
AND IN A LOT OF CASES,
THEY\'VE ACCUMULATED THIS

01:00:08.459 --> 01:00:09.998
THROUGH QUESTIONABLE...

01:00:09.999 --> 01:00:11.998
I MEAN, NOT NECESSARILY
QUESTIONABLE, BUT...

01:00:11.999 --> 01:00:13.583
(Gregorian)
QUESTIONABLE.

01:00:13.584 --> 01:00:15.998
(Mike) WELL, MAYBE QUESTIONABLE.
OKAY, A QUESTIONABLE MEANS.

01:00:15.999 --> 01:00:17.875
(Gregorian)
AS MY FRIEND MRS. ASTOR SAID,

01:00:17.876 --> 01:00:21.998
\"WEALTH IS ACCUMULATED MANURE.

01:00:21.999 --> 01:00:22.999
\"IF IT\'S COLLECTED,

01:00:23.000 --> 01:00:24.708
\"IT STINKS.

01:00:24.709 --> 01:00:26.833
SO YOU SPREAD IT AROUND.\"

01:00:26.834 --> 01:00:27.834
THERE\'S NOTHING WRONG...

01:00:27.835 --> 01:00:29.792
PHILANTHROPY
IS SPREADING IT AROUND.

01:00:34.209 --> 01:00:36.374
(Mike) OUR COUNTRY HAS BEEN ENJOYING
SEVERAL DECADES

01:00:36.375 --> 01:00:38.500
OF UNPRECEDENTED GROWTH.

01:00:38.501 --> 01:00:42.500
BUT AT THE SAME TIME,
POVERTY HASN\'T IMPROVED AS MUCH

01:00:42.501 --> 01:00:44.541
AND THE GAP BETWEEN RICH
AND POOR IS INCREASING.

01:00:44.542 --> 01:00:47.082
I THINK YOU CAN BE
TOO NEGATIVE.

01:00:47.083 --> 01:00:50.374
WE OBVIOUSLY HAVE CONCERNS
IN OUR SOCIETY ABOUT INEQUALITY,

01:00:50.375 --> 01:00:52.374
BUT IF YOU LOOK AT THE FRACTION
OF AMERICAN FAMILIES

01:00:52.375 --> 01:00:53.750
WITHOUT TELEVISIONS

01:00:53.751 --> 01:00:55.917
OR THE FRACTION
WITHOUT TELEPHONES

01:00:55.918 --> 01:00:58.708
OR THE FRACTION
WHERE FOUR CHILDREN ARE CONFINED

01:00:58.709 --> 01:00:59.958
TO A SINGLE BEDROOM

01:00:59.959 --> 01:01:01.541
OR THE FRACTION
OF PEOPLE WHO ARE MEASURED

01:01:01.542 --> 01:01:03.708
AS EATING INADEQUATELY,

01:01:03.709 --> 01:01:05.998
YOU LOOK AT ANY
OF THOSE KINDS OF MEASURES,

01:01:05.999 --> 01:01:09.625
YOU\'VE ACTUALLY SEEN FAIRLY
SUBSTANTIAL TREND IMPROVEMENTS

01:01:09.626 --> 01:01:10.667
IN THE UNITED STATES.

01:01:21.584 --> 01:01:25.124
(Coleman) THERE\'S BEEN GREAT IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE COUNTRY TODAY.

01:01:25.125 --> 01:01:27.998
PULL OUT
YOUR AMERICAN EXPRESS CARD.

01:01:27.999 --> 01:01:29.998
THE GUY WHO\'S THE CHIEF
EXECUTIVE OF THAT

01:01:29.999 --> 01:01:32.958
HAPPENS TO BE KEN CHENAULT.

01:01:32.959 --> 01:01:34.333
IF YOU INVEST AT MERRILL LYNCH,

01:01:34.334 --> 01:01:37.333
THE HEAD OF MERRILL LYNCH
IS A BLACK PERSON.

01:01:37.334 --> 01:01:39.791
I WOULD SAY TODAY
THAT THE U.S. ARMY

01:01:39.792 --> 01:01:43.041
IS PROBABLY THE MOST INTEGRATED
PART IN THE GOVERNMENT

01:01:43.042 --> 01:01:44.541
OR IN THE COUNTRY.

01:01:44.542 --> 01:01:45.998
THERE STILL HAS TO BE
A LOT OF CHANGE.

01:01:45.999 --> 01:01:47.998
I DON\'T WANT TO GIVE YOU
THE IMPRESSION

01:01:47.999 --> 01:01:49.999
THAT I THINK
THAT THE BATTLE\'S OVER.

01:01:58.334 --> 01:02:00.958
(Nye) POWER IS THE ABILITY
TO GET OTHERS TO DO THINGS

01:02:00.959 --> 01:02:02.998
THAT GET YOU WHAT YOU WANT,

01:02:02.999 --> 01:02:04.998
AND THERE ARE BASICALLY
THREE WAYS TO DO IT.

01:02:04.999 --> 01:02:06.998
YOU CAN THREATEN PEOPLE
WITH COERCION, THROUGH STICKS,

01:02:06.999 --> 01:02:10.374
OR YOU CAN INDUCE THEM
WITH PAYMENTS,

01:02:10.375 --> 01:02:11.917
WHICH IS CARROTS,

01:02:11.918 --> 01:02:13.082
OR YOU CAN ATTRACT THEM

01:02:13.083 --> 01:02:16.208
AND GET THEM TO WANT
WHAT YOU WANT AND CO-OPT THEM.

01:02:16.209 --> 01:02:18.833
AND IF YOU CAN DO
THE THIRD OF THOSE,

01:02:18.834 --> 01:02:20.791
WHICH IS WHAT I CALL
\"SOFT POWER,\"

01:02:20.792 --> 01:02:22.833
YOU CAN SAVE A LOT
ON CARROTS AND STICKS.

01:02:22.834 --> 01:02:25.998
HOW DO YOU DIFFERENTIATE
SOFT POWER FROM SPIN?

01:02:25.999 --> 01:02:27.998
WELL, SPIN IS NOT SOFT POWER.

01:02:27.999 --> 01:02:28.999
SPIN IS PROPAGANDA.

01:02:29.000 --> 01:02:31.333
BUT ONLY PROPAGANDA THAT WORKS

01:02:31.334 --> 01:02:32.541
PRODUCES SOFT POWER.

01:02:32.542 --> 01:02:35.041
SO WHEN THE BERLIN WALL
FINALLY CAME DOWN,

01:02:35.042 --> 01:02:36.998
IT WASN\'T
FROM AN ARTILLERY BARRAGE.

01:02:36.999 --> 01:02:40.208
IT WAS FROM HAMMERS
AND BULLDOZERS,

01:02:40.209 --> 01:02:42.416
AND THAT\'S BECAUSE
WE COMBINED OUR SOFT POWER

01:02:42.417 --> 01:02:43.708
WITH OUR HARD POWER.

01:02:43.709 --> 01:02:45.208
THAT\'S WHAT I CALL
BEING A SMART POWER.

01:02:45.209 --> 01:02:47.875
[cheering]

01:02:47.876 --> 01:02:51.208
(Brown)
ABOUT THE COLD WAR, I\'D SAY,

01:02:51.209 --> 01:02:55.458
DESPITE WHAT PEOPLE SAY,
IT WAS NOT A MISUNDERSTANDING.

01:02:55.459 --> 01:02:56.998
THEY DID HAVE AN AMBITION

01:02:56.999 --> 01:03:00.166
TO SPREAD THEIR SYSTEM
AROUND THE WORLD.

01:03:00.167 --> 01:03:06.374
AND THE U.S. ALSO HAD
AND HAS AN IDEOLOGY,

01:03:06.375 --> 01:03:08.998
WHICH, AT VARIOUS TIMES
OR IN HISTORY,

01:03:08.999 --> 01:03:12.124
IT HAS BEEN MORE
OR LESS AGGRESSIVE

01:03:12.125 --> 01:03:14.166
IN TRYING TO SPREAD
AROUND THE WORLD...

01:03:14.167 --> 01:03:17.250
[menacing music]

01:03:23.584 --> 01:03:27.374
IN THE CONVICTION
THAT THE WORLD WOULD BE BETTER

01:03:27.375 --> 01:03:28.998
IF EVERYBODY WAS LIKE US.

01:03:28.999 --> 01:03:31.918
WELL, THAT\'S UNLIKELY TO HAPPEN.

01:03:39.459 --> 01:03:40.998
(Mike)
SO I\'VE HAD A CHANCE TO TALK

01:03:40.999 --> 01:03:43.791
TO SOME THEORISTS
WHO\'VE SUGGESTED

01:03:43.792 --> 01:03:46.958
THAT THERE ARE
MILITARY CONTRACTORS

01:03:46.959 --> 01:03:50.918
WHO DESIRE WAR
BECAUSE THEY PROFIT FROM IT.

01:03:55.584 --> 01:03:57.750
WHAT\'S YOUR TAKE ON THIS?

01:03:57.751 --> 01:03:59.998
I\'VE NOT MET ANY
OF THOSE PEOPLE.

01:03:59.999 --> 01:04:03.124
I\'VE MET WITH A LOT OF...
I KNOW A LOT OF PEOPLE

01:04:03.125 --> 01:04:04.625
IN THE DEFENSE
CONTRACTING WORLD.

01:04:04.626 --> 01:04:08.917
I SPENT EIGHT YEARS
IN THE DEFENSE DEPARTMENT,

01:04:08.918 --> 01:04:14.291
BUT I DON\'T KNOW ANYBODY
WHO WANTS THERE TO BE WARS

01:04:14.292 --> 01:04:16.917
THAT CAN BE AVOIDED,

01:04:16.918 --> 01:04:18.333
NOT IN THE MILITARY,

01:04:18.334 --> 01:04:21.333
NOT IN THE DEFENSE
CONTRACTING FIELDS.

01:04:21.334 --> 01:04:24.791
[fife and drum music]

01:04:24.792 --> 01:04:28.583
I\'M SURPRISED TO HEAR IT.

01:04:28.584 --> 01:04:31.750
GEORGE ORWELL\'S PREDICTION
OF PERPETUAL WAR DIDN\'T...

01:04:31.751 --> 01:04:33.583
HASN\'T COME ABOUT EITHER.

01:04:33.584 --> 01:04:36.584
[gunfire and explosions]

01:04:38.999 --> 01:04:40.998
(Mike) NOW, YOU ONCE SAID
QUITE A FEW YEARS AGO

01:04:40.999 --> 01:04:42.666
THAT \"AMERICA WAS A PLACE

01:04:42.667 --> 01:04:45.958
\"WHERE HOLLOW MEN
IN WINDOWLESS SKYSCRAPERS

01:04:45.959 --> 01:04:48.998
\"MAKE PRIVATE INVESTMENTS
WITHOUT CONCERN

01:04:48.999 --> 01:04:50.166
FOR MAN OR NATURE.\"

01:04:50.167 --> 01:04:52.375
YEAH, I SAID THAT
MANY YEARS AGO.

01:04:54.999 --> 01:04:56.666
(Mike) SO DO YOU STILL FEEL
THE SAME WAY?

01:04:56.667 --> 01:04:59.750
(Bradley) WELL, I THINK IT WAS
OVERSIMPLIFIED DRAMATICALLY.

01:04:59.751 --> 01:05:02.458
SOME ARE VERY RESPONSIBLE
CORPORATE LEADERS

01:05:02.459 --> 01:05:03.708
WHO THINK ABOUT
THEIR PEOPLE

01:05:03.709 --> 01:05:05.708
AND WHO TRY TO USE
THEIR CORPORATION

01:05:05.709 --> 01:05:06.875
AS AN AGENT OF CHANGE.

01:05:06.876 --> 01:05:09.041
I KNOW CORPORATIONS LIKE THAT.

01:05:09.042 --> 01:05:12.958
THERE ARE OBVIOUSLY OTHERS
THAT ARE MORE EXPLOITATIVE.

01:05:12.959 --> 01:05:16.998
SO I THINK THAT I WAS
KIND OF GIVING A PERSPECTIVE

01:05:16.999 --> 01:05:19.249
OF SOMEBODY WHO WAS...
HOW OLD WAS I THEN,

01:05:19.250 --> 01:05:21.876
24 OR SOMETHING?

01:05:31.292 --> 01:05:35.124
YOU KNOW I WASN\'T BROUGHT UP
IN THE GARDEN OF MONEY.

01:05:35.125 --> 01:05:38.833
(Lapham) CLEARLY, MIKE HAD IT IN MIND
TO JOIN THE PARTY

01:05:38.834 --> 01:05:40.998
AND DANCE THE BEGGAR\'S WALTZ.

01:05:40.999 --> 01:05:46.875
AND WHO BETTER TO EXPLAIN
WHAT THE BARGAIN WAS LIKELY COST

01:05:46.876 --> 01:05:49.583
THAN A FORMER SPOKESMAN
FOR THE STATE DEPARTMENT,

01:05:49.584 --> 01:05:50.958
HODDING CARTER.

01:05:50.959 --> 01:05:52.998
OKAY, LET\'S JUST START
AT THE TOP.

01:05:52.999 --> 01:05:55.998
WHY DO YOU WANT TO JOIN
THE RULING CLASS?

01:05:55.999 --> 01:05:58.291
ORIGINALLY,
I WANTED TO BECOME A WRITER.

01:05:58.292 --> 01:06:00.998
SO AFTER GRADUATION,
I CAME TO THE CITY.

01:06:00.999 --> 01:06:03.958
I GOT A GREAT
BOHEMIAN APARTMENT

01:06:03.959 --> 01:06:05.791
AND A GOOD WAITERING JOB,

01:06:05.792 --> 01:06:08.750
BUT THE WHOLE THING
SEEMS LIKE A THANKLESS ENDEAVOR.

01:06:08.751 --> 01:06:11.750
AND YOU KNOW, MR. LAPHAM\'S
BEEN TAKING ME AROUND,

01:06:11.751 --> 01:06:14.666
INTRODUCING ME
TO ALL THESE IMPORTANT PEOPLE.

01:06:14.667 --> 01:06:18.458
AND I JUST THINK
I SHOULD TAKE ADVANTAGE

01:06:18.459 --> 01:06:19.750
OF THE OPPORTUNITY,
YOU KNOW.

01:06:19.751 --> 01:06:22.500
I MEAN, I JUST GRADUATED
FROM YALE.

01:06:22.501 --> 01:06:24.833
LOOK, LUCIFER IS ALWAYS
TAKING PEOPLE

01:06:24.834 --> 01:06:26.998
UP ON THE MOUNTAIN
AND LET THEM LOOK AROUND,

01:06:26.999 --> 01:06:27.999
SEEING WHAT\'S POSSIBLE.

01:06:28.000 --> 01:06:29.750
WHAT IS IT YOU THINK

01:06:29.751 --> 01:06:32.998
COMES OUT
AT THE OTHER END OF THIS?

01:06:32.999 --> 01:06:34.541
WELL, I\'M NOT SURE.

01:06:34.542 --> 01:06:37.998
I MEAN, IT SEEMS LIKE THERE ARE
A LOT OF DIFFERENT WAYS TO JOIN

01:06:37.999 --> 01:06:39.999
AND FOR A LOT
OF DIFFERENT REASONS.

01:06:45.834 --> 01:06:47.166
TAKE JIMMY CARTER,
FOR INSTANCE.

01:06:47.167 --> 01:06:48.708
WHO COULD ACCUSE HIM

01:06:48.709 --> 01:06:50.249
OF BEING PART
OF THE RULING CLASS?

01:06:50.250 --> 01:06:52.374
I MEAN, THE GUY
WAS A PEANUT FARMER, WASN\'T HE?

01:06:52.375 --> 01:06:53.625
WELL, HE WAS A LOT
OF THINGS.

01:06:53.626 --> 01:06:54.791
HE WAS GOVERNOR
OF GEORGIA,

01:06:54.792 --> 01:06:56.958
WHICH WE SOUTHERNERS
DO NOT TAKE LIGHTLY.

01:06:56.959 --> 01:07:00.208
BUT ONE OF THE THINGS
ABOUT THE RULING CLASS

01:07:00.209 --> 01:07:01.998
WHICH YOU\'VE GOT TO REMEMBER

01:07:01.999 --> 01:07:04.082
IS THAT\'S IT\'S NOT DUMB.

01:07:04.083 --> 01:07:05.998
IT IS CONSTANTLY LOOKING
FOR NEW TALENT.

01:07:05.999 --> 01:07:08.666
IT\'S CONSTANTLY
TRYING TO PULL OUT

01:07:08.667 --> 01:07:10.291
OF WHATEVER ENVIRONMENT

01:07:10.292 --> 01:07:11.998
A VERNON JORDAN HERE

01:07:11.999 --> 01:07:14.917
OR A JIMMY CARTER THERE

01:07:14.918 --> 01:07:16.708
AND BRINGING THEM IN.

01:07:16.709 --> 01:07:17.998
HOW DO THEY DO IT?

01:07:17.999 --> 01:07:19.998
WELL, IN THE CASE
OF JIMMY CARTER, FOR INSTANCE,

01:07:19.999 --> 01:07:23.124
IT WAS IN FACT
BEING BROUGHT INTO

01:07:23.125 --> 01:07:27.500
THE COUNCIL OF FOREIGN RELATIONS
TRILATERAL COMMISSION ORBIT,

01:07:27.501 --> 01:07:31.249
WHICH WAS THE EASTERN
ESTABLISHMENT\'S ESSENTIAL ORBIT.

01:07:31.250 --> 01:07:33.625
THAT\'S WHERE HE GOT TO KNOW
ZBIGNIEW BRZEZINSKI,

01:07:33.626 --> 01:07:36.750
WHO BECAME HIS NATIONAL
SECURITY ADVISOR,

01:07:36.751 --> 01:07:39.998
AND OTHERS WHO WERE EXPERTS
IN THE FIELD OF FOREIGN POLICY

01:07:39.999 --> 01:07:41.541
AND NATIONAL SECURITY.

01:07:41.542 --> 01:07:44.291
BUT IT WAS BECAUSE
THEY RECOGNIZED HIM.

01:07:44.292 --> 01:07:47.124
JUST BEATING ON THE DOOR
WILL NOT GET YOU MEMBERSHIP

01:07:47.125 --> 01:07:48.583
IN THESE THINGS.

01:07:48.584 --> 01:07:51.292
IT IS THE BRIGHTS.

01:08:08.834 --> 01:08:12.208
THERE IS SOMETHING
FATALLY ATTRACTIVE

01:08:12.209 --> 01:08:14.917
ABOUT JOINING THE RULING CLASS,

01:08:14.918 --> 01:08:17.541
STARTING, OF COURSE,
WITH THE PAY

01:08:17.542 --> 01:08:20.458
BUT ALSO WITH THE PRESTIGE
AND THE LIKE.

01:08:20.459 --> 01:08:25.458
BUT FATALLY OUGHT TO GO
WITH ATTRACTIVE IN MANY CASES,

01:08:25.459 --> 01:08:28.833
BECAUSE IT MEANS,
FOR A LARGE PART,

01:08:28.834 --> 01:08:32.416
YOU\'RE GETTING READY TO FORGET
ABOUT HALF OF WHAT YOU LEARNED

01:08:32.417 --> 01:08:33.958
AT YALE OR ANYWHERE ELSE,

01:08:33.959 --> 01:08:37.583
THAT THERE ARE OBLIGATIONS
IN THIS DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC

01:08:37.584 --> 01:08:40.500
WHICH I STILL,
PERHAPS NAIVELY, BELIEVE

01:08:40.501 --> 01:08:42.500
NEED TO BE FACTORED IN.

01:08:42.501 --> 01:08:45.708
I DO NOT ACTUALLY BELIEVE
THAT SOCIETY IS BEST SERVED

01:08:45.709 --> 01:08:48.708
BY EVERYBODY RUNNING AVIDLY
AFTER THEIR OWN SELF-INTEREST.

01:08:48.709 --> 01:08:52.541
I PARTICULARLY THINK
THAT IT IS A BETRAYAL

01:08:52.542 --> 01:08:54.998
WHEN THE BEST
AND THE BRIGHTEST DECIDE

01:08:54.999 --> 01:08:57.998
THAT THEIR BEING THE BEST
AND THE BRIGHTEST MEANS

01:08:57.999 --> 01:08:59.666
THAT THEY JUMP
ON THE GRAVY TRAIN

01:08:59.667 --> 01:09:00.998
AND TELL EVERYBODY ELSE,

01:09:00.999 --> 01:09:02.666
\"KISS MINE
AS I LEAVE THE ROOM.\"

01:09:02.667 --> 01:09:06.458
BUT THERE IS NO LAST
MORALITY HERE TO BE OFFERED.

01:09:06.459 --> 01:09:09.625
IT IS AN INDIVIDUAL QUESTION.

01:09:09.626 --> 01:09:12.625
THE LAST THING PEOPLE ALWAYS SAY
AS THEY GO OUT IS NOT,

01:09:12.626 --> 01:09:16.166
\"I WISH I\'D HAD MORE MONEY.\"

01:09:16.167 --> 01:09:18.708
THEY\'RE USUALLY WISHING
SOMETHING ELSE

01:09:18.709 --> 01:09:20.999
ABOUT WHAT THEY DID
WITH THEIR LIVES.

01:09:28.375 --> 01:09:30.583
I THINK I\'M BEGINNING
TO UNDERSTAND.

01:09:30.584 --> 01:09:33.792
THE RULING CLASS IS STILL
MOSTLY MALE, MOSTLY WHITE.

01:09:34.999 --> 01:09:36.666
BUT OUTSIDE OF THOSE
FEW RESTRICTIONS,

01:09:36.667 --> 01:09:38.750
JUST ABOUT ANYBODY
CAN MAKE THE GRADE.

01:09:38.751 --> 01:09:42.708
AMERICANS ARE AN INVENTIVE
PEOPLE, MIKE.

01:09:42.709 --> 01:09:45.249
WE MANUFACTURE
OUR RULING ELITES,

01:09:45.250 --> 01:09:47.958
WHAT WE LIKE TO CALL
A MERITOCRACY,

01:09:47.959 --> 01:09:51.998
IN THE SAME WAY
THAT WE BUILD SUVs OR 747s.

01:09:51.999 --> 01:09:56.917
THE MEMBERS COME AND GO IN POWER
FOR A SEASON OR A GENERATION,

01:09:56.918 --> 01:10:01.333
THEN REPLACED BY NEW TECHNOLOGY,
FRESH MONEY.

01:10:01.334 --> 01:10:04.166
WHAT NEVER MUST CHANGE, MIKE,

01:10:04.167 --> 01:10:07.374
IS THE BELIEF
THAT BY DOING WELL

01:10:07.375 --> 01:10:09.999
ONE IS ALSO DOING GOOD.

01:10:11.999 --> 01:10:14.041
LATELY, I HAVEN\'T
BEEN DOING EITHER.

01:10:14.042 --> 01:10:17.541
MAYBE WHAT YOU NEED
IS A CHANGE OF SCENERY,

01:10:17.542 --> 01:10:19.500
A DIFFERENT VANTAGE POINT.

01:10:19.501 --> 01:10:21.125
OH, YEAH?
WHERE FROM?

01:10:22.999 --> 01:10:24.208
(Lapham)
WHERE FROM?

01:10:24.209 --> 01:10:26.958
FROM WHERE THE SKIES
ARE NOT CLOUDY ALL DAY,

01:10:26.959 --> 01:10:30.750
MOVING WEST ON THE ALL-AMERICAN
HIGHWAY, MIKE,

01:10:30.751 --> 01:10:33.208
TO THE WIDE OPEN SPACE
THAT USED TO BE CALLED,

01:10:33.209 --> 01:10:36.500
IN ANOTHER AGE OF MAN,
MEXICO.

01:10:36.501 --> 01:10:40.041
(men)
THIS LAND IS TEXAS

01:10:40.042 --> 01:10:43.500
LONE STAR STATE OF TEXAS

01:10:43.501 --> 01:10:47.625
THIS LAND IS TEXAS

01:10:47.626 --> 01:10:49.666
LAND I LOVE.

01:10:49.667 --> 01:10:53.041
(Lapham) AND AS ALWAYS, MIKE,
PROFIT FROM YOUR READING

01:10:53.042 --> 01:10:54.917
OF OTHERWISE DULL ARTICLES

01:10:54.918 --> 01:10:56.998
ON THE SUBJECT
OF FOREIGN POLICY.

01:10:56.999 --> 01:10:59.998
RECOGNIZE THE PHRASE
\"NATIONAL INTEREST\"

01:10:59.999 --> 01:11:02.791
AS A SYNONYM
FOR \"SELF-INTEREST,\"

01:11:02.792 --> 01:11:05.791
AND YOU WILL FIND
NO MORAL OBSTACLE

01:11:05.792 --> 01:11:09.583
THAT CANNOT BE REMOVED
FROM THE HIGHWAY OF AMBITION.

01:11:09.584 --> 01:11:12.209
(men)
GIANT, GIANT, GIANT!

01:11:18.083 --> 01:11:26.083
LAND I LOVE

01:11:26.292 --> 01:11:27.917
HELLO. HOW ARE YOU?

01:11:27.918 --> 01:11:29.249
I\'M MIKE VANZETTI.
NICE TO MEET YOU.

01:11:29.250 --> 01:11:30.250
HOW ARE YOU, MIKE?

01:11:30.250 --> 01:11:31.250
GLAD TO SEE YOU.

01:11:31.251 --> 01:11:32.500
HAVE A SEAT.

01:11:32.501 --> 01:11:35.082
SO IS THERE
AN AMERICAN RULING CLASS,

01:11:35.083 --> 01:11:38.998
AND IF SO,
HOW DOES ONE JOIN IT?

01:11:38.999 --> 01:11:41.917
WELL, I WOULD NOT THINK
THAT THERE IS SUCH A THING

01:11:41.918 --> 01:11:43.750
AS AN AMERICAN RULING CLASS.

01:11:43.751 --> 01:11:46.041
LEADERSHIP,
TO MY WAY OF THINKING,

01:11:46.042 --> 01:11:49.875
IS NOTHING MORE THAN SIMPLY
KNOWING WHAT TO DO

01:11:49.876 --> 01:11:51.082
AND THEN DOING IT.

01:11:51.083 --> 01:11:55.333
WHEN YOU ARE INVOLVED
IN FORMULATING FOREIGN POLICY

01:11:55.334 --> 01:11:56.875
FOR THE UNITED STATES
OF AMERICA,

01:11:56.876 --> 01:11:58.791
YOU HAVE TO KEEP TWO THINGS
IN MIND.

01:11:58.792 --> 01:11:59.998
FIRST OF ALL,

01:11:59.999 --> 01:12:03.875
YOU HAVE TO KEEP IN MIND
THE PRINCIPLES AND VALUES

01:12:03.876 --> 01:12:05.750
THAT WE SUPPORT,
THAT WE EMBRACE,

01:12:05.751 --> 01:12:09.998
THAT MADE THIS COUNTRY GREAT.

01:12:09.999 --> 01:12:12.998
BUT SECONDLY,
YOU HAVE TO KEEP IN MIND AS WELL

01:12:12.999 --> 01:12:14.998
THE NATIONAL INTEREST,

01:12:14.999 --> 01:12:18.998
BECAUSE IF YOU FORMULATE
AND IMPLEMENT FOREIGN POLICY

01:12:18.999 --> 01:12:22.208
ONLY ON PRINCIPLES AND VALUES,

01:12:22.209 --> 01:12:24.708
YOU WILL FIND
THAT THE AMERICAN PEOPLE

01:12:24.709 --> 01:12:27.998
WILL NOT SUPPORT YOU
FOR VERY LONG.

01:12:27.999 --> 01:12:29.998
THE REASON WE DIDN\'T GO
INTO RWANDA

01:12:29.999 --> 01:12:32.666
WHEN GENOCIDE
WAS TAKING PLACE THERE

01:12:32.667 --> 01:12:34.208
WAS BECAUSE EVEN THOUGH

01:12:34.209 --> 01:12:37.333
OUR PRINCIPLES
AND VALUES WERE ENGAGED,

01:12:37.334 --> 01:12:39.666
OUR NATIONAL INTEREST WAS NOT.

01:12:39.667 --> 01:12:43.666
THE SAME THING IS TRUE TODAY
ABOUT DARFUR IN THE SUDAN.

01:12:43.667 --> 01:12:46.708
IT\'S OUTRAGEOUS
WHAT\'S HAPPENING THERE.

01:12:46.709 --> 01:12:48.791
AMERICA\'S PRINCIPLES
AND VALUES SAY,

01:12:48.792 --> 01:12:51.500
\"HEY, THIS SHOULD NEVER
BE PERMITTED TO CONTINUE.\"

01:12:51.501 --> 01:12:54.416
BUT I\'M SURE
THAT THE ADMINISTRATION

01:12:54.417 --> 01:12:57.166
HAS CONCLUDED THEY WOULD NOT
BE ABLE TO MAINTAIN SUPPORT

01:12:57.167 --> 01:12:58.750
ON THE PART
OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE

01:12:58.751 --> 01:13:02.124
FOR VERY LONG WHEN THE BODY BAGS
START COMING BACK FROM DARFUR.

01:13:02.125 --> 01:13:05.791
[crowd chanting]

01:13:05.792 --> 01:13:08.666
AND WHAT DO YOU THINK
AMERICA\'S ROLE IS

01:13:08.667 --> 01:13:09.998
IN THE WORLD TODAY?

01:13:09.999 --> 01:13:12.583
I MEAN, ARE WE THE CUSTODIANS
OF AN EMPIRE,

01:13:12.584 --> 01:13:15.208
AND IF SO,
WHAT ARE OUR RESPONSIBILITIES?

01:13:15.209 --> 01:13:19.500
WELL, I THINK WE ARE FAR
FROM AN EMPIRE

01:13:19.501 --> 01:13:23.708
IN THE SENSE THAT THAT TERM
HAS BEEN NORMALLY USED,

01:13:23.709 --> 01:13:24.998
AND THE REASON IS BECAUSE

01:13:24.999 --> 01:13:27.249
WE DO NOT COVET ANYBODY ELSE\'S
TERRITORY.

01:13:27.250 --> 01:13:30.416
[Rumsfeld on TV] IT NEVER CROSSED MY MIND,
THE WAR POWERS ACT.

01:13:30.417 --> 01:13:32.166
[man on TV] THERE\'S BEEN NO ISSUE
AT THE HILL

01:13:32.167 --> 01:13:33.167
ON THE WAR POWERS ACT?

01:13:33.168 --> 01:13:34.750
[Rumsfeld on TV]
NOT TO MY KNOWLEDGE.

01:13:34.751 --> 01:13:38.998
GENERALLY SPEAKING, WHEN AMERICA
IS INVOLVED INTERNATIONALLY,

01:13:38.999 --> 01:13:41.374
WE HAVE BEEN A FORCE
FOR PEACE AND STABILITY.

01:13:41.375 --> 01:13:45.208
MOST COUNTRIES KNOW
WE DON\'T WANT THEIR TERRITORY;

01:13:45.209 --> 01:13:46.998
WE DON\'T WANT THEIR RESOURCES
AND SO FORTH.

01:13:46.999 --> 01:13:50.998
IT\'S GETTING
RATHER COLD IN HERE

01:13:50.999 --> 01:13:54.917
AND I SEE
WE\'VE GIVEN IN TO FEAR

01:13:54.918 --> 01:13:57.208
AND THERE\'S OFFICE RUBBLE

01:13:57.209 --> 01:14:00.583
AND AWFUL TROUBLE
SOMETIMES.

01:14:00.584 --> 01:14:03.249
[quirky music]

01:14:03.250 --> 01:14:06.998
THERE\'S DUST COLLECTING
ON THE FLOOR

01:14:06.999 --> 01:14:11.500
AND IT\'S \"HERE WE GO,
ANOTHER WAR\"

01:14:11.501 --> 01:14:12.998
BUT I DON\'T SWEAT IT.

01:14:12.999 --> 01:14:15.834
I WON\'T BE GETTING IN LINE

01:14:19.459 --> 01:14:21.998
AND SO YOU GOT A NEW FLAG

01:14:21.999 --> 01:14:23.708
WELL, WHOOPIDEE

01:14:23.709 --> 01:14:26.041
WHY YOU ALL WANT TO CRY

01:14:26.042 --> 01:14:29.249
WHEN WE COULD BE SPINNING
AND SINGING

01:14:29.250 --> 01:14:31.625
THE LOVE
THAT\'S IN EVERYTHING

01:14:31.626 --> 01:14:34.998
OPEN YOUR HEARTS TO THE SKY

01:14:34.999 --> 01:14:38.833
\'CAUSE YOU CAN\'T FLY AWAY

01:14:38.834 --> 01:14:42.875
NO, YOU CAN\'T FLY AWAY

01:14:42.876 --> 01:14:46.208
WE CANNOT FLY AWAY

01:14:46.209 --> 01:14:48.209
ANYMORE.

01:14:51.751 --> 01:14:52.998
ON THE OTHER HAND,
WE DO OCCUPY

01:14:52.999 --> 01:14:56.208
A UNIQUELY PREEMINENT PLACE
IN WORLD AFFAIRS TODAY.

01:14:56.209 --> 01:14:59.625
YOU GOT TO BACK A LONG WAY
TO FIND A SITUATION

01:14:59.626 --> 01:15:01.958
WHERE ONE COUNTRY
WAS AS POWERFUL

01:15:01.959 --> 01:15:04.500
POLITICALLY, MILITARILY,
ECONOMICALLY,

01:15:04.501 --> 01:15:06.291
AS THE UNITED STATES IS TODAY.

01:15:06.292 --> 01:15:09.998
NOW, NO ONE WOULD ARGUE

01:15:09.999 --> 01:15:12.625
THAT SOME OF THE REGIMES
THAT WE PROTECTED

01:15:12.626 --> 01:15:14.541
WERE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICS

01:15:14.542 --> 01:15:16.291
AND SHARED OUR PRINCIPLES
AND VALUES.

01:15:16.292 --> 01:15:17.791
BUT IT WAS NEVERTHELESS
VERY MUCH

01:15:17.792 --> 01:15:18.833
IN THE NATIONAL INTEREST

01:15:18.834 --> 01:15:21.334
OF THE UNITED STATES
TO DO THIS.

01:15:23.167 --> 01:15:26.833
(man) AND WE DON\'T PLAN
TO NEGOTIATE

01:15:26.834 --> 01:15:30.998
SO THE LATEST SCARE
TONIGHT AT 8:00

01:15:30.999 --> 01:15:36.083
LET\'S HIT OUR TARGETS
AND KEEP OUR MARKETS IN SHAPE

01:15:39.042 --> 01:15:43.374
SEE THAT LION
LAY DOWN WITH THE LAMB

01:15:43.375 --> 01:15:47.416
AND DON\'T DIE IN SHAME
FOR UNCLE SCAM

01:15:47.417 --> 01:15:51.249
YEAH, WE CAN DO IT
IF WE STAY TRUE

01:15:51.250 --> 01:15:55.625
TO THE VALUES
OF THE PROUD AND BEAUTIFUL

01:15:55.626 --> 01:16:00.042
REVOLUTION THAT MADE THE USA

01:16:02.667 --> 01:16:04.998
[man on TV] MR. SECRETARY, COULD I JUST
ASK ONE THING ABOUT...

01:16:04.999 --> 01:16:06.958
[Rumsfeld on TV]
OH, NO, NO, I LOVE THAT ENDING.

01:16:06.959 --> 01:16:09.041
NO, SIR.
I\'M OUT OF HERE.

01:16:09.042 --> 01:16:12.333
(Mike) OKAY, SO THE COLD WAR
IS BEHIND US,

01:16:12.334 --> 01:16:15.958
BUT I\'M WONDERING
ABOUT THE WAR ON TERROR NOW.

01:16:15.959 --> 01:16:17.998
DO YOU THINK THAT IT\'S POSSIBLE
THAT WORLD LEADERS,

01:16:17.999 --> 01:16:20.166
INCLUDING U.S.
ADMINISTRATIONS,

01:16:20.167 --> 01:16:23.583
COULD IMPROPERLY INVOKE
THE WAR ON TERROR

01:16:23.584 --> 01:16:26.791
IN ORDER TO FURTHER
LESS-THAN-NOBLE ENDS?

01:16:26.792 --> 01:16:28.998
I\'M NOT GONNA PONTIFICATE
ON THAT FOR YOU HERE.

01:16:28.999 --> 01:16:30.124
I MEAN,
THAT\'S NOT MY...

01:16:30.125 --> 01:16:31.125
FAIR ENOUGH.

01:16:31.126 --> 01:16:32.458
THAT\'S NOT WHY
WE\'RE HERE.

01:16:32.459 --> 01:16:35.541
I DO NOT BUY THIS ARGUMENT
THAT THE DEFENSE BUDGET

01:16:35.542 --> 01:16:38.124
TAKES TOO LARGE
A PERCENTAGE

01:16:38.125 --> 01:16:39.998
OF OUR GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT.

01:16:39.999 --> 01:16:45.041
ONE OF THE REASONS
THAT AMERICA IS A FORCE FOR GOOD

01:16:45.042 --> 01:16:46.625
AND FOR PEACE AND STABILITY

01:16:46.626 --> 01:16:48.750
WHEN WE ARE ENGAGED
INTERNATIONALLY

01:16:48.751 --> 01:16:51.958
IS BECAUSE WE ARE
THE ONLY COUNTRY IN THE WORLD

01:16:51.959 --> 01:16:55.998
THAT CAN RESPONSIBLY
AND EFFECTIVELY PROJECT POWER

01:16:55.999 --> 01:16:57.917
THE WAY WE CAN AROUND THE WORLD,

01:16:57.918 --> 01:17:00.249
AND THAT IS A GOOD THING.

01:17:00.250 --> 01:17:02.666
AND THAT IS A GOOD THING
FOR... I THINK...

01:17:02.667 --> 01:17:04.541
FOR AMERICANS AND FOR THE WORLD.

01:17:04.542 --> 01:17:07.542
[Yellow Rose of Texas]

01:17:28.709 --> 01:17:32.998
(Lapham) IN TEXAS, MIKE LEARNED
THAT SUCCESSFUL AMERICANS

01:17:32.999 --> 01:17:37.208
SERVE A SOCIAL ORDER
IN WHICH A MAN\'S TRUE WORTH

01:17:37.209 --> 01:17:40.249
IS MEASURED BY THE AMOUNT
OF OTHER PEOPLE\'S HAPPINESS

01:17:40.250 --> 01:17:43.998
THAT HE CAN POSSESS
AND DESTROY.

01:17:43.999 --> 01:17:47.501
[patriotic band music]

01:17:49.959 --> 01:17:50.959
CITY HALL.

01:17:50.960 --> 01:17:52.082
CAN\'T FIGHT IT.

01:17:52.083 --> 01:17:53.125
NONSENSE.

01:17:54.667 --> 01:17:55.667
BUT YOU COULD BUY IT.

01:17:58.459 --> 01:17:59.791
[cell phone rings]

01:17:59.792 --> 01:18:00.998
JACK BELLAMY.

01:18:00.999 --> 01:18:03.082
HEY, MAN.
IT\'S MIKE VANZETTI.

01:18:03.083 --> 01:18:04.291
MIKE, NICE TO HEAR FROM YOU.

01:18:04.292 --> 01:18:05.416
HOW\'S IT GOING?

01:18:05.417 --> 01:18:06.998
(Mike) WELL, ACTUALLY,
NOT SO GOOD.

01:18:06.999 --> 01:18:09.249
I SORT OF WALKED OFF
THE JOB TODAY.

01:18:09.250 --> 01:18:10.958
WOW, I\'M SORRY TO HEAR THAT,
I GUESS.

01:18:10.959 --> 01:18:11.998
(Mike)
NO GUESS.

01:18:11.999 --> 01:18:14.791
LOUSY CAREER,
MET A LOT OF LAME PEOPLE,

01:18:14.792 --> 01:18:15.833
LOST LOTS OF MONEY.

01:18:15.834 --> 01:18:17.249
RIGHT.

01:18:17.250 --> 01:18:18.708
SO ANYWAY,
I WAS WONDERING

01:18:18.709 --> 01:18:21.708
IF YOU COULD STILL PUT IN
A WORD FOR ME AT GOLDMAN?

01:18:21.709 --> 01:18:24.709
[lilting guitar music]

01:18:26.999 --> 01:18:30.625
(man)
HERE WE ARE, A-SAILING

01:18:30.626 --> 01:18:34.958
ADRIFT WITHOUT A DREAM

01:18:34.959 --> 01:18:37.666
WE LIVE FOR GOD AND COUNTRY

01:18:37.667 --> 01:18:39.833
(Taylor)
SO THE WORLD\'S DYING

01:18:39.834 --> 01:18:43.208
AND YOU\'RE GONNA TAKE A JOB
AT A GOD [...] BANK.

01:18:43.209 --> 01:18:48.458
WELL, TAYLOR, I HAVE TO SAY,
I NEVER HAD MY OWN TENNIS COURT.

01:18:48.459 --> 01:18:51.541
I CAN\'T HELP THE WAY I WAS BORN,

01:18:51.542 --> 01:18:52.833
BUT I CAN HELP
THE WAY I LIVE

01:18:52.834 --> 01:18:54.708
AND MAYBE HOW
OTHER PEOPLE LIVE TOO.

01:18:54.709 --> 01:18:55.998
I THINK YOU\'RE
FOOLING YOURSELF.

01:18:55.999 --> 01:18:57.166
IF THE WORLD\'S DYING,

01:18:57.167 --> 01:18:58.833
AS YOU SAY IT IS,

01:18:58.834 --> 01:19:02.082
THEN THE BEST SOLUTION,
TO ME, SEEMS TO BE

01:19:02.083 --> 01:19:03.833
TO GET TO HIGHER GROUND,

01:19:03.834 --> 01:19:04.917
SECURE YOUR LITTLE PLACE,

01:19:04.918 --> 01:19:06.666
AND TRY TO KEEP
THE BARBARIANS AT BAY.

01:19:06.667 --> 01:19:10.208
THAT\'S THE MOST TWISTED,
SELFISH THING I\'VE EVER HEARD.

01:19:10.209 --> 01:19:12.500
ANYTHING THAT\'S
GONNA HAPPEN

01:19:12.501 --> 01:19:13.998
ISN\'T GONNA HAPPEN
ANY TIME SOON.

01:19:13.999 --> 01:19:15.166
WHAT ARE YOU TALKING ABOUT?

01:19:15.167 --> 01:19:16.374
IT\'S HAPPENING ALREADY.

01:19:16.375 --> 01:19:17.666
HAVEN\'T YOU NOTICED

01:19:17.667 --> 01:19:20.124
THE RECORD NUMBER
OF HURRICANES RECENTLY

01:19:20.125 --> 01:19:21.917
OR THE STATE
OF PERMANENT WARFARE

01:19:21.918 --> 01:19:22.918
THAT WE\'RE IN?

01:19:22.919 --> 01:19:24.333
OR HOW ABOUT THE BILLIONS

01:19:24.334 --> 01:19:25.875
OF MALNOURISHED PEOPLE
IN THIS WORLD,

01:19:25.876 --> 01:19:28.374
MILLIONS OF WHOM LIVE HERE?

01:19:28.375 --> 01:19:30.125
YEAH, I\'VE NOTICED.

01:19:44.125 --> 01:19:47.125
[somber organ music]

01:19:54.083 --> 01:19:56.998
(Lapham) MIKE HAD LEARNED
THAT IF YOU\'RE NOT IN,

01:19:56.999 --> 01:19:58.998
YOU\'RE OUT.

01:19:58.999 --> 01:20:04.667
\"AND WHEN,\" HE WONDERED,
\"WAS OUT A BETTER PLACE TO BE?\"

01:20:07.167 --> 01:20:11.041
NINE TIMES IN TEN,
THE ANSWER IS \"NEVER.\"

01:20:11.042 --> 01:20:14.998
LIFE PROCEEDS MORE SMOOTHLY
ON THE INSIDE TRACK:

01:20:14.999 --> 01:20:18.917
FINER WINES, HEAVIER JEWELS,
PRETTIER VIEWS OF THE MOUNTAINS,

01:20:18.918 --> 01:20:20.999
THE DANCE FLOOR,
AND THE SEA.

01:20:22.709 --> 01:20:24.998
WHY TRY TO CATCH A FALLING STAR

01:20:24.999 --> 01:20:27.998
IF THERE\'S NO MARKET
FOR THE PRODUCT,

01:20:27.999 --> 01:20:29.875
NO INTEREST IN THE NEWS

01:20:29.876 --> 01:20:33.999
THAT THE WORLD
IS NOT ONESELF?

01:20:41.334 --> 01:20:44.166
THE KIND OF QUESTIONS
THAT CAN ONLY BE ANSWERED

01:20:44.167 --> 01:20:46.750
BY A NEW POET

01:20:46.751 --> 01:20:51.249
OR MAYBE IN AN OLD SONG
BY PETE SEEGER.

01:20:51.250 --> 01:20:54.374
(Seeger)
SOME SAY THAT HUMANKIND

01:20:54.375 --> 01:20:58.082
WON\'T LONG ENDURE

01:20:58.083 --> 01:21:04.750
BUT WHAT MAKES THEM FEEL
SO DOGGONE SURE?

01:21:04.751 --> 01:21:10.998
I KNOW THAT YOU
WHO HEAR MY SINGING

01:21:10.999 --> 01:21:17.416
COULD MAKE THOSE
FREEDOM BELLS GO RINGING

01:21:17.417 --> 01:21:24.166
I KNOW THAT YOU
WHO HEAR MY SINGING

01:21:24.167 --> 01:21:30.998
COULD MAKE THOSE
FREEDOM BELLS GO RINGING

01:21:30.999 --> 01:21:34.833
NO OFFENSE, BUT DO YOU REALLY
THINK YOU CAN CHANGE THINGS,

01:21:34.834 --> 01:21:36.374
MUCH LESS THE WORLD,

01:21:36.375 --> 01:21:39.500
BY WALKING DOWN A COUNTY ROAD
AND SINGING A SONG

01:21:39.501 --> 01:21:42.998
OR BY SINGING A SONG
ANYWHERE AT ANY TIME

01:21:42.999 --> 01:21:45.625
FOR ANYBODY,
FOR THAT MATTER?

01:21:45.626 --> 01:21:48.124
(Seeger)
I SUPPOSE NOT.

01:21:48.125 --> 01:21:49.249
BUT I\'M GONNA
MAKE DARN SURE

01:21:49.250 --> 01:21:52.082
THE WORLD
ISN\'T GONNA CHANGE ME.

01:21:52.083 --> 01:21:53.458
IT\'S LIKE THIS:

01:21:53.459 --> 01:21:56.166
IMAGINE A BIG SEESAW,

01:21:56.167 --> 01:21:57.625
AND ONE END
IS ON THE GROUND

01:21:57.626 --> 01:22:00.625
\'CAUSE IT\'S GOT A BASKET
HALF FULL OF ROCKS IN IT.

01:22:00.626 --> 01:22:01.998
THE OTHER END
IS UP IN THE AIR

01:22:01.999 --> 01:22:05.041
\'CAUSE IT\'S GOT A BASKET
1/4 FULL OF SAND.

01:22:05.042 --> 01:22:06.291
AND SOME OF US
GOT TEASPOONS.

01:22:06.292 --> 01:22:07.750
WE\'RE TRYING TO FILL IT.

01:22:07.751 --> 01:22:10.333
AND OF COURSE, MOST PEOPLE
ARE KIND OF SCOFFING AT US.

01:22:10.334 --> 01:22:12.998
THEY SAY,
\"DON\'T YOU SEE IT\'S LEAKING

01:22:12.999 --> 01:22:14.458
\"JUST AS QUICK
AS YOU\'RE PUTTING IT IN?

01:22:14.459 --> 01:22:17.833
\"PEOPLE LIKE YOU
HAVE BEEN TRYING FOR CENTURIES,

01:22:17.834 --> 01:22:20.666
BUT IT\'S NEVER GONNA CHANGE.\"

01:22:20.667 --> 01:22:23.374
AND WE SAY,
\"YOU MIGHT BE RIGHT,

01:22:23.375 --> 01:22:26.249
\"BUT WE THINK WE GET MORE PEOPLE
WITH TEASPOONS ALL THE TIME.

01:22:26.250 --> 01:22:28.124
\"AND ONE OF THESE DAYS,
THAT WHOLE SEESAW

01:22:28.125 --> 01:22:30.291
\"IS GOING TO GO \'ZOOP!\'

01:22:30.292 --> 01:22:31.458
\"AND PEOPLE WILL SAY,

01:22:31.459 --> 01:22:34.374
\"\'GEE, HOW DID IT HAPPEN
SO SUDDENLY?\'

01:22:34.375 --> 01:22:37.041
\"US AND ALL
OUR LITTLE TEASPOONS

01:22:37.042 --> 01:22:39.416
\"OVER THE CENTURIES.

01:22:39.417 --> 01:22:41.166
WHO KNOWS?\"

01:22:41.167 --> 01:22:44.500
AND SO WE KEEP ON

01:22:44.501 --> 01:22:48.625
WHILE WE LIVE

01:22:48.626 --> 01:22:51.541
UNTIL WE HAVE NO...

01:22:51.542 --> 01:22:54.998
NO MORE TO GIVE

01:22:54.999 --> 01:23:01.583
AND WHEN THESE FINGERS
CAN STRUM NO LONGER

01:23:01.584 --> 01:23:08.998
HAND THE OLD BANJO
TO YOUNG ONES STRONGER

01:23:08.999 --> 01:23:12.333
AND WHEN THESE FINGERS

01:23:12.334 --> 01:23:15.998
CAN STRUM NO LONGER

01:23:15.999 --> 01:23:19.333
HAND THE OLD BANJO

01:23:19.334 --> 01:23:21.999
TO YOUNG ONES STRONGER

01:23:28.999 --> 01:23:30.500
WELL, THAT\'S GREAT.

01:23:30.501 --> 01:23:32.458
I WISH I COULD HELP YOU.

01:23:32.459 --> 01:23:34.625
IN THE MEANTIME, THOUGH,
I\'VE GOT TO CATCH A TRAIN.

01:23:34.626 --> 01:23:36.500
OH, IF YOU\'RE IN A HURRY,
CUT RIGHT THROUGH HERE.

01:23:36.501 --> 01:23:38.124
YOU\'LL GET TO THE STATION.

01:23:38.125 --> 01:23:39.125
THANKS.

01:23:39.125 --> 01:23:40.125
OKAY.

01:23:40.126 --> 01:23:42.333
TAKE CARE.

01:23:42.334 --> 01:23:45.334
[folksy banjo music]

01:24:09.375 --> 01:24:12.833
WELCOME TO THE PREMIER
INVESTMENT BANK

01:24:12.834 --> 01:24:13.959
AROUND THE GLOBE.

01:24:14.999 --> 01:24:16.041
YOU HAVE BEEN SELECTED

01:24:16.042 --> 01:24:17.998
AMONG THE BRIGHTEST GRADUATES
IN THE COUNTRY

01:24:17.999 --> 01:24:19.833
AND AMONG SEVEN
OVERSEAS PROGRAMS.

01:24:19.834 --> 01:24:21.998
WE WELCOME YOU
TO OUR HEADQUARTERS DOWNTOWN

01:24:21.999 --> 01:24:24.082
AND ENCOURAGE YOU TO TAKE
A STROLL ON THE FLOOR

01:24:24.083 --> 01:24:25.500
DURING YOUR COFFEE BREAK.

01:24:25.501 --> 01:24:28.998
VIEW THE MAGNIFICENT VANTAGE
POINTS OVER NEW YORK.

01:24:28.999 --> 01:24:30.625
HEY, MIKE, YOU MADE IT.

01:24:30.626 --> 01:24:31.626
WELCOME ABOARD.

01:24:31.627 --> 01:24:33.500
ALL OUR MAJOR PRODUCT GROUPS.

01:24:33.501 --> 01:24:36.750
[overlapping words]

01:24:36.751 --> 01:24:39.750
ARE PROFITABLE.

01:24:39.751 --> 01:24:41.209
YOU\'VE DECIDED TO JOIN US
AFTER ALL.

01:24:42.334 --> 01:24:44.041
EACH OF YOU
WILL BE ASSIGNED A MENTOR

01:24:44.042 --> 01:24:47.082
FROM AMONG THE SENIOR RANKS
OF THIS FINE INSTITUTION.

01:24:47.083 --> 01:24:48.333
WELCOME TO THE TEAM.

01:24:48.334 --> 01:24:49.958
[applause]

01:24:49.959 --> 01:24:52.833
(men)
NICKEL-AND-DIMED,

01:24:52.834 --> 01:24:54.291
NICKELED-AND-DIMED

01:24:54.292 --> 01:24:56.625
(Lapham)
WHAT NEVER MUST CHANGE, MIKE,

01:24:56.626 --> 01:24:59.833
IS THE BELIEF
THAT BY DOING WELL,

01:24:59.834 --> 01:25:01.876
ONE IS ALSO DOING GOOD.

01:25:03.584 --> 01:25:05.998
(Baker) BECAUSE WE ARE THE ONLY COUNTRY
IN THE WORLD

01:25:05.999 --> 01:25:09.998
THAT CAN RESPONSIBLY
AND EFFECTIVELY PROJECT POWER

01:25:09.999 --> 01:25:13.583
THE WAY WE CAN
AROUND THE WORLD,

01:25:13.584 --> 01:25:14.998
AND THAT IS A GOOD THING.

01:25:14.999 --> 01:25:17.166
AND THAT IS A GOOD THING
FOR... I THINK...

01:25:17.167 --> 01:25:19.208
FOR AMERICANS AND FOR THE WORLD.

01:25:19.209 --> 01:25:23.208
(man) I\'D RATHER LEAD
A LIFE OF CRIME

01:25:23.209 --> 01:25:27.334
THAN JUST GET
NICKELED-AND-DIMED.

01:25:37.334 --> 01:25:39.208
OH, IF YOU\'RE IN A HURRY,
CUT RIGHT THROUGH HERE.

01:25:39.209 --> 01:25:40.998
YOU\'LL GET TO THE STATION.

01:25:40.999 --> 01:25:42.792
THANKS.
OKAY.

01:25:44.042 --> 01:25:45.998
(man) HEY, COME ON OUT
OF THERE, GUY.

01:25:45.999 --> 01:25:49.082
WE\'RE DOING A BIG SHOW
FOR THE GROWN-UPS NEXT WEEK.

01:25:49.083 --> 01:25:50.083
YOU GOT A MINUTE?

01:25:50.084 --> 01:25:51.374
CAN WE TRY IT OUT ON YOU?

01:25:51.375 --> 01:25:52.999
(all)
PLEASE.

01:25:54.999 --> 01:25:56.999
YAY!

01:25:58.167 --> 01:25:59.333
JUST SORT OF
FOLLOW ALONG.

01:25:59.334 --> 01:26:00.791
IT\'S INTERACTIVE.

01:26:00.792 --> 01:26:04.875
AS THE SUNSHINE BURNS
THROUGH THE ATMOSPHERE

01:26:04.876 --> 01:26:07.998
(all)
EMPIRE FALLS

01:26:07.999 --> 01:26:11.750
(man) AND THE GARDEN GROWS
AS THE WATER FLOWS

01:26:11.751 --> 01:26:15.333
THROUGH PARKING LOTS
AND MALLS

01:26:15.334 --> 01:26:19.791
LEAVE THE FIGHT BEHIND
AND ABANDON FEAR

01:26:19.792 --> 01:26:22.998
(all)
LOVE CONQUERS ALL

01:26:22.999 --> 01:26:26.333
(man) AND WE\'LL FIND OUR WAY
TO A BRIGHTER DAY

01:26:26.334 --> 01:26:30.124
WHEN THE EMPIRE FALLS

01:26:30.125 --> 01:26:31.998
(all)
AND THE TOWERS

01:26:31.999 --> 01:26:33.791
AND THE WARNINGS

01:26:33.792 --> 01:26:37.082
WILL BE FLOWERS
BY THE MORNING

01:26:37.083 --> 01:26:41.249
AND THE TERROR AND GREED
ARE BURIED IN THE WEEDS

01:26:41.250 --> 01:26:43.333
AND THE BANKS FILE
BANKRUPTCY

01:26:43.334 --> 01:26:45.166
I GOT MY HOUSE BACK!

01:26:45.167 --> 01:26:48.249
(all)
AND THE PEOPLE TAKING OVER

01:26:48.250 --> 01:26:52.208
WILL BE NAKED IN THE CLOVER

01:26:52.209 --> 01:26:55.998
(man) AND THE GIANT BUGS
WILL GIVE EACH OTHER HUGS

01:26:55.999 --> 01:26:58.959
\'CAUSE THAT\'S THE WAY TO BE

01:27:01.459 --> 01:27:05.750
AS THE HOMELAND CRIES
FOR SECURITY

01:27:05.751 --> 01:27:08.958
(all)
EMPIRE FALLS

01:27:08.959 --> 01:27:10.625
AND THEY TAP THE PHONE

01:27:10.626 --> 01:27:12.666
AND YOU\'RE NOT ALONE

01:27:12.667 --> 01:27:16.291
(both)
WHEN YOU PLACE A LOCAL CALL!

01:27:16.292 --> 01:27:20.583
AS THEY STRIP DOWN
ALL OF OUR LIBERTIES

01:27:20.584 --> 01:27:23.666
(all)
WE\'LL HEED THE CALL

01:27:23.667 --> 01:27:27.249
(man) AND WE\'LL FINALLY
MAKE SOCIETY

01:27:27.250 --> 01:27:31.041
A HEART THAT BEATS FOR ALL

01:27:31.042 --> 01:27:34.833
THEY SEE THEIR WINDOWS
CLOSING

01:27:34.834 --> 01:27:38.458
SO THEY\'RE SETTING THINGS
IN MOTION

01:27:38.459 --> 01:27:41.833
\'CAUSE IT ISN\'T FATE
WHEN THE HEADS OF STATE

01:27:41.834 --> 01:27:45.998
GO CREATE AN ENEMY

01:27:45.999 --> 01:27:49.166
(all) BUT WE WON\'T NEED
THEIR PROTECTION

01:27:49.167 --> 01:27:53.291
AND WE\'LL EVEN
HAVE ELECTIONS

01:27:53.292 --> 01:27:54.998
(man)
AND THE THRONE OF BLOOD

01:27:54.999 --> 01:27:56.833
(all)
IS GOING IN THE MUD

01:27:56.834 --> 01:27:59.917
\'CAUSE WE JUST WON\'T
LET IT BE

01:27:59.918 --> 01:28:00.999
HUH!

01:28:02.999 --> 01:28:06.833
(man) AS HELLFIRE RAINS
FROM THE PREDATORS,

01:28:06.834 --> 01:28:10.500
(all)
EMPIRE FALLS

01:28:10.501 --> 01:28:13.998
(man) AND THE EMPTY LIES
MEANT TO JUSTIFY

01:28:13.999 --> 01:28:17.998
STILL ECHO
THROUGH THE HALLS

01:28:17.999 --> 01:28:21.998
WE WON\'T STAND BY
AND JUST LET IT BURN

01:28:21.999 --> 01:28:25.041
(all)
WE CAN STAND TALL

01:28:25.042 --> 01:28:28.666
AND WE\'LL STOP THE WAR
AND WE\'LL HELP THE POOR

01:28:28.667 --> 01:28:32.541
WHEN THE EMPIRE FALLS

01:28:32.542 --> 01:28:39.998
(man) AND THE FACELESS CORPORATIONS
WILL BE TAKING A VACATION

01:28:39.999 --> 01:28:43.208
\'CAUSE THE WORLD IS FREE
FOR DEMOCRACY

01:28:43.209 --> 01:28:50.958
(all)
WHEN THE EMPIRE FALLS

01:28:50.959 --> 01:28:54.791
[screaming and laughter]

01:28:54.792 --> 01:28:55.998
ALL RIGHT, KIDS.

01:28:55.999 --> 01:28:57.998
FORWARD MARCH.

01:28:57.999 --> 01:29:00.999
[all whistling]

01:29:07.083 --> 01:29:10.083
Captioning by CaptionMax
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