00:01:21.125 --> 00:01:23.416
- And this is an opportunity,
honorable Speaker,

00:01:23.416 --> 00:01:25.583
to develop an iconic all-seasons resort.

00:01:25.583 --> 00:01:30.625
There will be nothing like
this in North America.

00:01:30.625 --> 00:01:33.875
There is nothing like this in North America.

00:01:33.875 --> 00:01:36.458
When you go up a gondola to
the top of Jumbo Mountain

00:01:36.458 --> 00:01:38.041
and you look down into Lake
of the Hanging Glaciers,

00:01:38.041 --> 00:01:41.583
I guarantee you, honorable Speaker, people
are going to come from around the world.

00:01:41.583 --> 00:01:46.125
This is going to help lay a foundation
for the growth of our tourism industry

00:01:46.125 --> 00:01:48.791
here in British Columbia, and
it\'s going to create jobs.

00:01:48.791 --> 00:01:52.291
And that member\'s riding, and he opposes it.

00:01:52.291 --> 00:01:56.833
- Every measure of public opinion of the
Columbia Valley for the past 20 years

00:01:56.833 --> 00:02:01.750
has made it clear that people who know
that project the best have been against it.

00:02:01.750 --> 00:02:06.166
Invermere mayor and council,
consistently against the project.

00:02:06.166 --> 00:02:07.458
79% opposed.

00:02:07.458 --> 00:02:11.125
In a referendum the Ktunaxa
First Nations strongly opposed.

00:02:11.125 --> 00:02:15.250
After all the petitions, all the
demonstrations, all the letters,

00:02:15.250 --> 00:02:20.250
the minister has chosen to ignore
the residents of the Columbia Valley.

00:02:20.250 --> 00:02:23.416
So the question I have for the
minister: does the minister seriously

00:02:23.416 --> 00:02:29.333
think that people in the Kootenays are
going to quietly sit by while he attempts

00:02:29.333 --> 00:02:32.208
to impose a development on Jumbo Valley?

00:02:41.750 --> 00:02:47.125
- The evil developer coming to town to take
a shit in the middle of the backyard --

00:02:47.125 --> 00:02:50.250
in the woods, the wilderness.

00:02:50.250 --> 00:02:51.333
It\'s a familiar narrative.

00:02:51.333 --> 00:02:56.291
When I first started on this film, it was
easy to buy into the black and white world

00:02:56.291 --> 00:02:57.875
those voices sold.

00:02:57.875 --> 00:03:01.333
They drew the conclusions
for me and did my job.

00:03:02.458 --> 00:03:05.125
@It got a bit harder as I started
looking deeper into those voices,

00:03:05.125 --> 00:03:07.833
@each with their own view of the
world, speaking with great conviction

00:03:07.833 --> 00:03:12.958
about what should happen in that Jumbo
Valley deep in the Canadian mountains.

00:03:19.791 --> 00:03:21.791
Voices came from all sides,
and I had to filter out

00:03:21.791 --> 00:03:25.958
the noise to get to the heart of
what this issue is really about.

00:03:36.916 --> 00:03:42.416
- In a way, the mountain was just
sort of a template upon which

00:03:42.416 --> 00:03:49.041
people project their own
preconceptions, ideologies, desires.

00:03:49.041 --> 00:03:49.916
I mean, it\'s a mountain.

00:03:49.916 --> 00:03:51.958
All a mountain is is a mountain.

00:03:51.958 --> 00:03:52.500
It sits.

00:03:52.500 --> 00:03:58.375
And yet, it\'s become the focal point
of these very disparate world views.

00:06:34.500 --> 00:06:38.458
- High up in the Purcell Mountains,
in the heart of British Columbia,

00:06:38.458 --> 00:06:43.500
lies a giant shifting block of
ice and snow -- Jumbo Glacier.

00:06:43.500 --> 00:06:48.750
For Vancouver architect Oberto
Oberti, this is the ultimate ski hill.

00:06:48.750 --> 00:06:53.208
- The controversy in the Jumbo Valley
has been going on for 24 years --

00:06:53.208 --> 00:06:54.291
almost my entire life.

00:06:54.291 --> 00:06:58.291
@ On one side you\'ve got Oberto
Oberti, his partner Grant Costello,

00:06:58.291 --> 00:07:00.791
and some members of the governmentú who support the development.

00:07:00.791 --> 00:07:04.458
And on the other you\'ve got environmental
advocates, other members of the government,

00:07:04.458 --> 00:07:08.583
and a few thousand locals -- including a
First Nations that has lived on that land

00:07:08.583 --> 00:07:13.333
for almost 10,000 years -- who allúwant to see that land kept wild.

00:07:13.333 --> 00:07:17.125
The Jumbo Valley\'s in a pocket of British
Columbia that\'s a long way from nowhere --

00:07:17.125 --> 00:07:21.416
between Vancouver and Calgary, the Rockies
and the sea of mountains that run in every

00:07:21.416 --> 00:07:25.416
direction towards Montana,
Alaska, and the Pacific Ocean.

00:07:25.416 --> 00:07:27.916
It sits at the very headwaters
of the Columbia River.

00:07:27.916 --> 00:07:31.708
And by the time you\'ve arrived at the
town of Invermere, population 3,000,

00:07:31.708 --> 00:07:35.625
you\'re still just shy of a two hour
drive up a dirt logging road from Jumbo.

00:07:35.625 --> 00:07:41.041
And where that road ends is where Oberti
and his plan for year-round skiing begins --

00:07:41.041 --> 00:07:45.708
the dream or the nightmare, depending
on what glasses you\'re wearing.

00:07:45.708 --> 00:07:47.208
Compared with other resorts,
the proposed village

00:07:47.208 --> 00:07:54.791
is average: about 6,000 beds down in the
valley, 369 hotel rooms, 240 townhouses,

00:07:54.791 --> 00:08:02.333
970 condo units, and 143 chalets, with
restaurants and retail stores in between.

00:08:02.333 --> 00:08:04.125
The ski infrastructure
is more significant --

00:08:04.125 --> 00:08:08.083
22 lifts and gondolas will rise from
that village to over 11,000 feet,

00:08:08.083 --> 00:08:14.416
topping four glaciers in a restaurant with
360-degree views of the Purcell Mountains.

00:08:18.208 --> 00:08:21.875
When you look at the land of British
Columbia, 94% of the province

00:08:21.875 --> 00:08:25.041
is public land, which means
that everybody gets to enjoy it.

00:08:25.041 --> 00:08:30.791
But it also means that you, or I, or anybody
can lease the land from the government

00:08:30.791 --> 00:08:31.708
to make money off of it.

00:08:31.708 --> 00:08:33.666
For the last 150 or so
years, that\'s largely been

00:08:33.666 --> 00:08:37.666
in the form of logging and mining, which
have been the mainstays of the economy.

00:08:37.666 --> 00:08:42.750
- Now the logs are cut to the lengths
wanted, becoming boards useful to mankind.

00:08:42.750 --> 00:08:45.208
- From 1890 on, the Jumbo
Valley was logged and mined.

00:08:45.208 --> 00:08:49.500
But like many other areas in the
province, these industries boom and bust.

00:08:49.500 --> 00:08:51.958
So a lot of people,ú including the government,

00:08:51.958 --> 00:08:55.500
see tourism as the nextú great hope for the economy.

00:08:59.875 --> 00:09:03.666
In the early \'90s, Whistler was
contributing over $300 million

00:09:03.666 --> 00:09:06.208
in tax revenue to the economy.

00:09:06.208 --> 00:09:08.333
The BC government made a
policy that essentially

00:09:08.333 --> 00:09:11.708
laid out the red carpet to
anyone promising to bring skiers

00:09:11.708 --> 00:09:15.625
and their tourist dollars
into the mountains.

00:09:15.625 --> 00:09:18.416
- Mom, dad, can we go skiing?

00:09:18.416 --> 00:09:21.250
- And so Oberto commissioned a
study spanning North America,

00:09:21.250 --> 00:09:24.791
hunting the best combination of
snowfall, duration of winter,

00:09:24.791 --> 00:09:27.958
vertical relief, elevation and access.

00:09:27.958 --> 00:09:32.875
- Just before Oberti\'s dream tumbled
into the crevasse of the BC government\'s

00:09:32.875 --> 00:09:33.916
environmental review process.

00:09:33.916 --> 00:09:38.458
- In 1991, Oberti submitted his first
formal proposal for Jumbo Glacier Resort.

00:09:38.458 --> 00:09:41.583
At that point they started down the
long road of environmental review

00:09:41.583 --> 00:09:45.083
which, while standard process in
British Columbia for any major project

00:09:45.083 --> 00:09:48.625
on public lands, took the
government a decade to approve.

00:09:48.625 --> 00:09:51.250
- It\'s all going smoothly
until one of his experts

00:09:51.250 --> 00:09:54.791
mentions dropping bombs
to control avalanches.

00:09:54.791 --> 00:09:58.625
- There is some hazard of unexploded shells.

00:09:58.625 --> 00:10:05.208
- It\'s standard ski hill procedure, but not
exactly the message Oberti wants to convey.

00:10:05.208 --> 00:10:08.416
- A convoluted bureaucratic
process stumbled and staggered.

00:10:08.416 --> 00:10:11.416
Entire ministries were
reorganized and renamed.

00:10:11.416 --> 00:10:15.458
@ And Oberti had to jump throughú hoop after hoop after hoop.

00:10:15.458 --> 00:10:17.750
After a series of non-answers
from the government,

00:10:17.750 --> 00:10:20.750
Oberti filed a Freedom of
Information Act request,

00:10:20.750 --> 00:10:23.833
discovering e-mails between
members of the government that

00:10:23.833 --> 00:10:25.833
appeared less than impartial.

00:10:25.833 --> 00:10:30.000
But if you\'re the local opposition who\'s
never had a chance to officially vote

00:10:30.000 --> 00:10:32.291
on the development that
affects your backyard,

00:10:32.291 --> 00:10:35.291
it\'s hard to feel that the
government cares about you either.

00:10:35.291 --> 00:10:37.791
They\'ve never given you
democracy in regards to Jumbo.

00:10:37.791 --> 00:10:40.208
- These are the citizens of our
valley, and they\'re speaking.

00:10:40.208 --> 00:10:44.833
And so here are 1,600 names of
people who don\'t want this project.

00:10:44.833 --> 00:10:50.250
- They are environmentalists, members of a
local gun club, even a local politician --

00:10:50.250 --> 00:10:54.375
people who couldn\'t have a civil
conversation in the same room,

00:10:54.375 --> 00:10:55.250
if it wasn\'t this issue.

00:10:55.250 --> 00:10:59.166
They\'ve learned to use the latest
tools available to battle Oberti,

00:10:59.166 --> 00:11:02.000
including a home page on the internet.

00:11:02.875 --> 00:11:06.791
- In 2004, thousands of locals
marched on the streets of Nelson.

00:11:06.791 --> 00:11:10.833
In spite of the fact that 90% of the
feedback was against the development,

00:11:10.833 --> 00:11:14.875
the government approved Jumbo
Glacier Resort\'s environmental review

00:11:14.875 --> 00:11:16.458
only months later.

00:11:16.458 --> 00:11:21.250
The opposition turned to more radicalúand creative methods of protest.

00:11:23.166 --> 00:11:27.750
In 2008, when the opposition was tipped off
by an excavator driver working on the Jumbo

00:11:27.750 --> 00:11:34.125
@ Creek Road, they blockaded the
road, stopping construction crews

00:11:34.125 --> 00:11:36.791
@ from building the resort\'s
first proposed lift.

00:11:36.791 --> 00:11:37.833
- Get out of the way, Michael.

00:11:37.833 --> 00:11:41.250
- We officially established our
Jumbo monitoring camp today,

00:11:41.250 --> 00:11:47.625
and we\'re expecting lots of supporters to
come and visit over the next few weeks.

00:11:50.041 --> 00:11:52.833
- And smile at the end.

00:11:52.833 --> 00:11:53.375
- OK.

00:11:53.375 --> 00:11:53.916
- OK?

00:11:53.916 --> 00:11:56.041
Like a little welcoming smile.

00:11:56.041 --> 00:11:56.791
- OK.

00:11:57.708 --> 00:12:01.625
- In 2010, the Ktunaxa nation presented
their Qat\'muk Declaration to the provincial

00:12:01.625 --> 00:12:05.125
government, communicating their ancient
connection to the same valley Oberti

00:12:05.125 --> 00:12:09.791
planned to develop, and its place in
the heart of their traditional homeland.

00:12:09.791 --> 00:12:13.458
They outlined their ethic of
stewardship and declared it off limits

00:12:13.458 --> 00:12:15.375
to the proposed ski resort.

00:12:18.333 --> 00:12:20.791
In 2012, the opposition
received a similar tip --

00:12:20.791 --> 00:12:25.916
that Oberti and his team were bringing a
group of French investors to Jumbo to pitch

00:12:25.916 --> 00:12:27.541
them on the resort.

00:12:27.541 --> 00:12:31.500
When the delegation arrived at
the helipad, over 80 protesters

00:12:31.500 --> 00:12:32.541
were there to greet them.

00:12:32.541 --> 00:12:36.041
Other opposition members have snowmobiled
and hiked through the previous night.

00:12:36.041 --> 00:12:39.958
And as Oberti and the French flew
over the proposed base village site,

00:12:39.958 --> 00:12:43.833
their signs were there to greet
them too, painted in the snow.

00:12:43.833 --> 00:12:46.666
- I guess the main message that
you as investors need to take home

00:12:46.666 --> 00:12:49.541
is that people in the Kootenays
are not going to stand for this.

00:12:49.541 --> 00:12:51.916
You\'ve got 19 ski resorts within
a five-hour drive of here.

00:12:51.916 --> 00:12:57.458
@- The project will provide localújob creation and economic growth

00:12:57.458 --> 00:12:58.166
for the region.

00:12:58.166 --> 00:12:59.708
- Later that year, inú order to speed development,

00:12:59.708 --> 00:13:05.916
the provincial government amended a law and
appointed a mayor of the township of Jumbo,

00:13:05.916 --> 00:13:06.625
population zero.

00:13:06.625 --> 00:13:11.083
- No one, no pipes, no transit, no
schools, no hospitals, no people.

00:13:11.083 --> 00:13:14.958
You\'re giving money to a town with no one!

00:13:14.958 --> 00:13:16.333
(APPLAUSE)

00:13:16.333 --> 00:13:20.958
- On top of three challenges to Jumbo
Glacier Resort in the BC Supreme Court,

00:13:20.958 --> 00:13:22.458
Oberti faced challenges on other fronts.

00:13:22.458 --> 00:13:28.000
As part of his environmental approval he
had 10 years to satisfy 195 conditions,

00:13:28.000 --> 00:13:31.500
or else the government would
stop the resort in its tracks.

00:13:31.500 --> 00:13:35.791
And fast forward nine years and 11
months later, to September of 2014,

00:13:35.791 --> 00:13:41.333
and the race is on to lay foundations for
a day lodge and several ski lift towers.

00:13:44.958 --> 00:13:49.250
For locals, developers and politicians
alike, the question of economics

00:13:49.250 --> 00:13:50.125
is equally polarizing.

00:13:50.125 --> 00:13:54.000
Will another ski resort be a positive
addition to the local economy?

00:13:54.000 --> 00:13:57.750
- Tell me what... at the end of
the day when this project is built,

00:13:57.750 --> 00:14:04.875
how is it going to benefit the people of
Invermere and the people of this valley?

00:14:12.500 --> 00:14:13.375
- It\'s like being home.

00:14:13.375 --> 00:14:18.083
And for the millions of people who will
experience this, it\'s something to pass on.

00:14:18.083 --> 00:14:22.125
- The resort would create 800
full-time jobs for the region,

00:14:22.125 --> 00:14:24.791
not including the construction
work over the next...

00:14:24.791 --> 00:14:29.625
- When Oberto and I both looked
at where can we build facilities,

00:14:29.625 --> 00:14:31.125
you go to where the best snow is.

00:14:31.125 --> 00:14:36.583
So it makes it the most natural
place in the world to develop.

00:14:39.958 --> 00:14:43.625
- The skiing itself is not
really the point anymore.

00:14:43.625 --> 00:14:49.791
Resorts that we\'ve seen come up really
since the 1990s are not making money

00:14:49.791 --> 00:14:52.125
on lift tickets in any meaningful way.

00:14:52.125 --> 00:14:56.083
Skiing is something that
gets people in the door.

00:14:56.083 --> 00:14:56.958
It gets them interested.

00:14:56.958 --> 00:15:00.541
It\'s an alleged reason
for building a resort.

00:15:00.541 --> 00:15:03.416
That\'s not where the money
is for the most part now.

00:15:03.416 --> 00:15:06.125
It\'s a real estate-driven business.

00:15:07.666 --> 00:15:13.083
- A lot of the opponents think that
we\'ve got a broken economic model.

00:15:13.083 --> 00:15:15.708
People keep saying, \"Well
this is a land grab.

00:15:15.708 --> 00:15:16.750
It\'s real estate development.\"

00:15:16.750 --> 00:15:21.833
Their belief is that the ski resort
operations will be a profit center.

00:15:21.833 --> 00:15:27.041
- Whether it\'s good economically really
depends on how you want to define \"good.\"

00:15:27.041 --> 00:15:29.958
The people with the capital --
the people making investments --

00:15:29.958 --> 00:15:34.083
certainly are the ones who are most
likely to make most of the money.

00:15:34.083 --> 00:15:35.833
A lot of people will benefit from that.

00:15:35.833 --> 00:15:38.291
Are they the people who live there?

00:15:38.291 --> 00:15:38.833
Maybe.

00:15:38.833 --> 00:15:40.291
Are they the people who are coming?

00:15:40.291 --> 00:15:40.833
Maybe.

00:15:40.833 --> 00:15:41.666
Is this good or bad?

00:15:41.666 --> 00:15:45.833
- We\'re a seasonal area where
we have shoulder seasons where

00:15:45.833 --> 00:15:47.625
there is no work and no business.

00:15:47.625 --> 00:15:53.291
It\'s going to provide full-time year round
jobs for our community and our children.

00:15:53.291 --> 00:15:58.666
So for some families, their children won\'t
have to move away -- like my family did,

00:15:58.666 --> 00:16:00.541
like my friend\'s families, my children.

00:16:00.541 --> 00:16:08.041
And they can maybe stay in the community
and build generations of families here.

00:16:08.041 --> 00:16:11.000
- Some people will complain
that it\'s all about the money.

00:16:11.000 --> 00:16:14.541
@ But it\'s been my experienceú that money is exactly what we

00:16:14.541 --> 00:16:16.000
úuse to pay teachers and nurses.

00:16:16.000 --> 00:16:19.625
And if you want to have
these public services,

00:16:19.625 --> 00:16:21.416
you need to be ready as
a member of the public

00:16:21.416 --> 00:16:26.625
to help find ways to generate the
economic activity that will raise them.

00:16:26.625 --> 00:16:33.750
If we aren\'t exporting something -- a
tourism experience, lumber, minerals, oil,

00:16:33.750 --> 00:16:39.458
energy -- then we don\'t have the
money to get the things that we value.

00:16:39.458 --> 00:16:41.416
This is one of the ways
that we\'re going to get it.

00:16:41.416 --> 00:16:46.333
And I think it\'s one of the
less disruptive ways to do it.

00:16:50.583 --> 00:16:53.750
- In 2011 the Ktunaxa Nation
commissioned an economic study

00:16:53.750 --> 00:16:57.041
to evaluate Jumbo Glacier
Resort\'s official projections.

00:16:57.041 --> 00:17:01.000
In his report, professor Marvin
Shaffer made several key conclusions.

00:17:01.000 --> 00:17:05.500
One, that there would be no significant
benefit from jobs created by the project.

00:17:05.500 --> 00:17:10.416
Two, that the resort\'s skier visit and tax
revenue projections were largely inflated,

00:17:10.416 --> 00:17:12.666
and that the impacts the
resorts would have would

00:17:12.666 --> 00:17:14.458
be markedly less than what they claim.

00:17:14.458 --> 00:17:17.000
Three, that Jumbo would only
pull people and their dollars

00:17:17.000 --> 00:17:22.250
from other tourist attractions in the
region, and not provide any net gain.

00:17:30.500 --> 00:17:48.208
ú (SPEAKING KUTENAI LANGUAGE)

00:17:48.208 --> 00:17:51.666
@ - From what I understand, theú Ktunaxa people have been here

00:17:51.666 --> 00:17:54.583
in this valley something like 9,000 years.

00:17:54.583 --> 00:18:00.000
The Ktunaxa people have been
here for that arc of time.

00:18:00.000 --> 00:18:03.583
And our footprint is very light here.

00:18:03.583 --> 00:18:07.958
That\'s 400 generations in
this part of the world.

00:18:09.458 --> 00:18:12.666
And in the span of about
seven generations, that\'s

00:18:12.666 --> 00:18:16.125
when the gold rush happened and
settlers started to come here.

00:18:16.125 --> 00:18:22.708
Seven generations, the footprint that\'s
on this land now, in that amount of time.

00:18:23.791 --> 00:18:29.541
I think that sacred spaces or
spiritual spaces exist the world over.

00:18:29.541 --> 00:18:39.333
And I don\'t think that this idea of a
sacred space is owned by the Ktunaxa people,

00:18:39.333 --> 00:18:39.875
right?

00:18:39.875 --> 00:18:41.125
This is a human thing.

00:18:41.125 --> 00:18:46.750
Qat\'muk is one of these types
of places for Ktunaxa people.

00:18:46.750 --> 00:18:47.916
The Ktunaxa people are trying to...

00:18:47.916 --> 00:18:53.625
I think express ourselves using the English
language to the rest of the area around us

00:18:53.625 --> 00:18:59.791
-- to the proponents, to the province --
trying to get them to understand that when

00:18:59.791 --> 00:19:05.666
we say \"a sacred place\", we\'re meaning it in
the same way that you understand \"sacred.\"

00:19:05.666 --> 00:19:08.125
Or how do you understand \"sacred\"?

00:19:08.125 --> 00:19:10.083
What is \"sacred\" for you?

00:19:41.291 --> 00:19:43.541
- I\'ve been a skier for
as long as I can remember.

00:19:43.541 --> 00:19:47.666
My parents used to set my brother and
I loose on what felt like a gigantic

00:19:47.666 --> 00:19:50.958
wilderness -- Vail, Colorado.

00:19:50.958 --> 00:19:54.708
By the time I was 16, I was lyingú to my mom, escaping Manhattan,

00:19:54.708 --> 00:19:57.041
and sneaking back to Colorado for weekends.

00:19:57.041 --> 00:19:59.333
I\'d make chairlift friends
with people twice my age.

00:19:59.333 --> 00:20:03.500
They\'d hold the rope as I ducked underneath
the boundary, and I\'d barely keep up.

00:20:03.500 --> 00:20:06.708
Just over the ridge from one of
the largest interstates in the US,

00:20:06.708 --> 00:20:10.250
it was as wild as I could
understand at the time.

00:20:10.250 --> 00:20:11.916
Back in New York, the
snow circled in my head.

00:20:11.916 --> 00:20:14.500
I\'d sit in class with POWDER
Magazine behind my textbooks,

00:20:14.500 --> 00:20:19.458
plotting and planning my next trip --
always in the direction of deeper, wilder,

00:20:19.458 --> 00:20:23.208
pointing farther and
farther away from that city.

00:20:23.208 --> 00:20:26.333
And I remember the first time I
drove north to British Columbia.

00:20:26.333 --> 00:20:30.541
The snow seemed to pile a bit higher
as soon as I crossed that line.

00:20:30.541 --> 00:20:32.250
The snowbanks seemed to double.

00:20:32.250 --> 00:20:37.958
And I\'ve been following that road ever
since, until eventually it led me to Jumbo.

00:21:43.500 --> 00:21:44.291
- November, 1995.

00:21:44.291 --> 00:21:50.666
Oberti is back with a hired avalanche
expert and a top American ski guide in tow.

00:21:50.666 --> 00:21:54.500
In two days, he\'ll face a
government panel with the power

00:21:54.500 --> 00:21:56.833
to make or break his project.

00:21:56.833 --> 00:21:59.750
It\'s a three-hour drive
to the Columbia Valley,

00:21:59.750 --> 00:22:02.583
into the interior of British Columbia.

00:23:05.708 --> 00:23:12.666
- The ski resort, or a lift experience,
you\'re getting swooped into these places

00:23:12.666 --> 00:23:15.625
and you\'re at the top magically.

00:23:15.625 --> 00:23:19.541
You kind of miss out on
this silent endeavor.

00:23:19.541 --> 00:23:22.083
It\'s not the same journey.

00:23:31.166 --> 00:23:35.791
My name is Leah Evans,ú and I\'m from Rossland, BC.

00:23:36.500 --> 00:23:41.208
I\'ve grown up with Jumbo
being close to my backyard.

00:23:41.208 --> 00:23:45.458
When I was around 14, my
parents took me up to Jumbo.

00:23:45.458 --> 00:23:50.958
I just remember looking across
this lake, and my dad telling me,

00:23:50.958 --> 00:23:55.375
\"You have to protect this place someday.\"

00:23:56.416 --> 00:23:58.625
Back-country skiing, it\'s this process.

00:23:58.625 --> 00:24:01.708
Going through this emotion of
propelling yourself with your own power,

00:24:01.708 --> 00:24:08.958
and then you\'re constantly navigating this
blank canvas to choose your own adventure.

00:24:09.708 --> 00:24:16.833
I think when you\'re at Jumbo and you\'re ski
touring, when you tune into that silence,

00:24:16.833 --> 00:24:19.583
you become part of the landscape.

00:24:22.666 --> 00:24:28.958
And you hear the wind blow the trees,
and you hear the cracks in the snow.

00:24:31.708 --> 00:24:35.208
It\'s a really good time
to connect with yourself.

00:24:45.500 --> 00:24:48.500
- Our land is pretty rich in the wilderness.

00:24:48.500 --> 00:24:52.375
And on this program, our
guest is going to show us just

00:24:52.375 --> 00:24:57.583
what can be had free at
hand from the wilderness.

00:27:12.416 --> 00:27:17.583
- I think what we saw in Europe was the
conquest of the mountains took place

00:27:17.583 --> 00:27:23.458
in this kind of golden age of engineering,
of progress, of human expansion.

00:27:23.458 --> 00:27:27.708
@ Europeans have essentiallyú tamed all their great ranges.

00:27:27.708 --> 00:27:31.583
@ I mean they have built soú heavily and logged so heavily,

00:27:31.583 --> 00:27:37.041
both in the foothills and all the way to the
summits of all their major mountain ranges.

00:27:37.041 --> 00:27:40.416
You look at the Alps, and you
go to a place like Chamonix,

00:27:40.416 --> 00:27:44.125
and these extraordinary
engineering feats have

00:27:44.125 --> 00:27:47.791
built the gondolas, and
the funicular railways,

00:27:47.791 --> 00:27:48.958
and all the things they have there.

00:27:48.958 --> 00:27:55.041
But in the process they\'ve lost something
very essential in those mountains, which

00:27:55.041 --> 00:27:58.000
is the wild nature of them.

00:28:09.666 --> 00:28:12.625
And so in many ways I think
Europeans look to Canada,

00:28:12.625 --> 00:28:20.666
look to the West for that frontier, because
they\'ve driven it out of their continent.

00:30:54.000 --> 00:30:58.000
- The Ktunaxa people, we
were not monument builders.

00:30:58.000 --> 00:31:02.500
That was not a part of who we
were in any way, shape or form.

00:31:02.500 --> 00:31:08.208
I actually heard about a
quote from Mr. Oberti himself.

00:31:08.208 --> 00:31:10.833
Apparently, he said something
along the lines of that

00:31:10.833 --> 00:31:14.375
he feels like Jumbo will be his cathedral.

00:31:14.375 --> 00:31:17.833
It will be his masterpiece.

00:31:17.833 --> 00:31:22.000
So he\'s come here to build
his monument to himself.

00:31:23.041 --> 00:31:28.916
Talk about being offensive to a
worldview that for 400 generations

00:31:28.916 --> 00:31:31.500
has never even considered that.

00:31:31.500 --> 00:31:33.333
It\'s hard to take.

00:31:36.541 --> 00:31:41.083
We\'ve never said that we own this territory.

00:31:41.083 --> 00:31:47.583
This little piece of the world was
given to us to use and to look after.

00:31:49.875 --> 00:31:52.375
We are kind of compelled to share.

00:31:52.375 --> 00:31:54.500
You should go up there.

00:31:54.500 --> 00:31:55.333
Take a look.

00:31:55.333 --> 00:31:56.041
See it.

00:31:56.041 --> 00:31:59.166
I\'m not telling people to
stay out of there forever.

00:31:59.166 --> 00:32:02.208
But again, it comes back
down to that understanding

00:32:02.208 --> 00:32:05.041
of \"sacred\" and \"sacred place.\"

00:32:05.041 --> 00:32:06.875
It is sacred.

00:32:38.625 --> 00:32:42.833
- We\'re the ones that have to
prove our rights to the land.

00:32:42.833 --> 00:32:44.791
It\'s ridiculous, right?

00:32:44.791 --> 00:32:47.166
If we say that a space
is sacred, or a place is

00:32:47.166 --> 00:32:54.291
scared within the boundaries of our
territory, then just accept that.

00:32:56.250 --> 00:32:59.083
400 generations of
existence here, and you\'re

00:32:59.083 --> 00:33:03.166
going to question me about
the sacredness of a place?

00:33:03.166 --> 00:33:10.291
We should be able to say \"No\",
and our \"No\" should be heard.

00:34:01.041 --> 00:34:06.375
(CROWD SINGING) Oh when the
bears / come marching in...

00:34:06.375 --> 00:34:11.541
- It started to appear that
the local environmentalists,

00:34:11.541 --> 00:34:17.541
they were part of a larger philosophy
-- or an ecology, or a religion --

00:34:17.541 --> 00:34:22.250
that if you look deep
into it, is anti-human.

00:34:22.250 --> 00:34:26.541
I couldn\'t understand why
there was so much fear.

00:34:26.541 --> 00:34:33.041
They don\'t believe that humans should
be allowed to change the environment.

00:34:33.041 --> 00:34:36.000
I believe that we better the
environment when we change it.

00:34:36.000 --> 00:34:42.666
I mean, look at what we do -- the
beautiful creations that we create.

00:34:42.666 --> 00:34:49.000
But after a while, it became more
important to win than to achieve the dream.

00:34:49.000 --> 00:34:56.416
The opposition kind of inspired
me to not lose at any cost.

00:34:56.416 --> 00:35:02.333
Because I don\'t want to lose to these
people, is really what it comes down to.

00:35:02.333 --> 00:35:03.833
- Come September...

00:35:03.833 --> 00:35:04.375
- Yes.

00:35:04.375 --> 00:35:07.916
- If the opposition is so
strong against this project,

00:35:07.916 --> 00:35:10.291
are you still going to forge ahead?

00:35:22.833 --> 00:35:29.250
- I see you\'re still up to your same
stuff -- lots of propaganda, right?

00:35:29.250 --> 00:35:30.875
- I\'ve talked to all of your people.

00:35:30.875 --> 00:35:32.625
I\'ve looked at all your stuff.

00:35:32.625 --> 00:35:37.958
You and your crew, I could put what you
know about Jumbo in a bloody thimble

00:35:37.958 --> 00:35:39.083
compared to what I know about it.

00:35:39.083 --> 00:35:45.250
I\'ve been going in there since
1949, when I was a 15-year-old kid.

00:35:45.791 --> 00:35:48.375
ú - No, I want to talk to you.

00:35:48.375 --> 00:35:50.458
Don\'t back away from me, Oberto.

00:35:51.375 --> 00:35:54.916
I\'ve got my full life in there.

00:35:54.916 --> 00:35:56.333
Go away, then.

00:36:08.375 --> 00:36:14.625
@ My idea of life is make sureú my family\'s good and healthy,

00:36:14.625 --> 00:36:16.541
ú and walk on the right trail.

00:36:16.541 --> 00:36:20.541
And if my neighbor needs
help, I\'m there to help.

00:36:20.541 --> 00:36:22.500
And that\'s the only way to look at it.

00:36:22.500 --> 00:36:25.791
And I don\'t need to go to
church to feel that way,

00:36:25.791 --> 00:36:28.750
because I can\'t get down
on my knees anymore.

00:36:31.291 --> 00:36:32.625
I\'m kind of stuck.

00:36:34.541 --> 00:36:35.416
My church is up there.

00:36:35.416 --> 00:36:41.250
It\'s when you get to the top, you can\'t
get any closer to God than there, can you?

00:36:44.125 --> 00:36:49.250
And we moved up here in
1946, the year after the war.

00:36:49.250 --> 00:36:51.208
Trapped all my life since I was 12.

00:36:51.208 --> 00:36:56.125
And I don\'t think there\'s anything better
in the world than hunting, trapping

00:36:56.125 --> 00:36:56.791
and fishing.

00:36:56.791 --> 00:37:02.541
I love it -- next to a good
drink of scotch, that is.

00:37:04.583 --> 00:37:06.708
All they want is money.

00:37:06.708 --> 00:37:08.125
It\'s all dollars.

00:37:08.125 --> 00:37:13.708
They could care less about the
bears, the moose, the elk, the goat.

00:37:13.708 --> 00:37:14.666
They don\'t really care.

00:37:14.666 --> 00:37:20.833
I\'m a hunter and a trapper, so
it means that I take animals.

00:37:20.833 --> 00:37:23.458
If you really need it, take it.

00:37:23.458 --> 00:37:28.333
If you don\'t really need it, it\'s
kind of nice to sit and watch it.

00:37:31.375 --> 00:37:37.791
Ever since I was 15, I\'ve hardly
missed a year I haven\'t been in Jumbo.

00:37:39.458 --> 00:37:41.958
They tell us there\'s no
grizzly bears in Jumbo.

00:37:41.958 --> 00:37:47.250
And I just sit and grin, because
I\'ve seen as high as eight.

00:37:47.250 --> 00:37:51.208
First thing I say when I see a
grizzly is, I\'m in his country.

00:37:51.208 --> 00:37:51.958
Respect him.

00:37:51.958 --> 00:37:53.000
He was here first.

00:37:53.000 --> 00:37:57.083
And people have said, \"Well what do
you do if you meet him on the trail?\"

00:37:57.083 --> 00:37:58.666
I said, \"Step off the trail.

00:37:58.666 --> 00:38:00.666
It\'s theirs.\"

00:38:22.500 --> 00:38:24.458
I\'ve seen as high as eight in there.

00:38:24.458 --> 00:38:26.291
I see bear in there all the time.

00:38:26.291 --> 00:38:27.875
There\'s lots of bear.

00:38:27.875 --> 00:38:30.583
What\'s going to happen to these bears?

00:38:30.583 --> 00:38:31.416
We\'ve got ski hills.

00:38:31.416 --> 00:38:36.375
We\'ve got golf courses coming
out our ears in this valley.

00:38:36.375 --> 00:38:38.375
How many do we need?

00:38:38.375 --> 00:38:39.208
How many do we need?

00:38:39.208 --> 00:38:40.458
Do we need Europe all over again?

00:38:40.458 --> 00:38:46.791
The Europeans come here to see the
pristine valleys, and the mountains,

00:38:46.791 --> 00:38:48.250
and stuff like that.

00:38:48.250 --> 00:38:49.625
We\'ve got everything.

00:38:49.625 --> 00:38:51.541
They haven\'t got it anymore.

00:38:51.541 --> 00:38:54.458
Theirs is gone.

00:38:54.458 --> 00:38:55.333
I\'m coming up for 81.

00:38:55.333 --> 00:38:57.250
I ain\'t going to be around
here that much longer.

00:38:57.250 --> 00:39:02.208
And I want my kids, your
kids, everybody\'s kids

00:39:02.208 --> 00:39:05.500
to experience some of the
things I\'ve experienced.

00:39:16.583 --> 00:39:19.666
And the way it\'s going, they\'re
never going to have this.

00:39:19.666 --> 00:39:22.708
I mean, you just keep building,
and building, and building,

00:39:22.708 --> 00:39:25.416
and pretty soon, what have you got?

00:39:25.416 --> 00:39:28.708
And you get damn sore
feet walking on concrete.

00:39:37.750 --> 00:39:40.833
- Oberto, Oberto, where
will all the bears go?

00:39:40.833 --> 00:39:45.833
Oberto, Oberto, where will all the bears go?

00:40:08.375 --> 00:40:13.666
- When we\'re catching bears out here,
it\'s almost a seemingly impossible task.

00:40:13.666 --> 00:40:16.291
A male grizzly bear has a home
range of 2,000 square kilometers.

00:40:16.291 --> 00:40:20.541
A female of maybe two to 500 square
kilometers over this huge mountain range.

00:40:20.541 --> 00:40:25.875
And we have to sucker or trick that bear
into putting his foot in a one-foot circle.

00:40:25.875 --> 00:40:32.458
And so we use our secret sauce, which
is year-old blood and road kill.

00:40:32.458 --> 00:40:34.125
We use deer and elk.

00:40:34.125 --> 00:40:38.083
And that scent lures bears in quite readily.

00:40:39.250 --> 00:40:41.791
- I\'m Michael Proctor, I\'m an
independent research scientist.

00:40:41.791 --> 00:40:45.416
I\'ve been studying grizzly bears
for 20 years in the Kootenays,

00:40:45.416 --> 00:40:47.791
particularly the
Selkirk-Purcell Mountain Range.

00:40:47.791 --> 00:40:51.875
I\'m studying grizzly bear ecology,
fragmentation, connectivity.

00:40:53.791 --> 00:40:55.000
And what that means is I\'m data-driven.

00:40:55.000 --> 00:40:57.958
I try to be evidence-based --
go out and collect the data,

00:40:57.958 --> 00:41:01.125
spend 10 years collecting
the data to find the answer,

00:41:01.125 --> 00:41:05.166
and let that answer guide my
perspectives and inferences.

00:41:05.958 --> 00:41:10.750
You put a radio collar on a couple of
bears and you follow them for two years,

00:41:10.750 --> 00:41:11.791
you get a lot of information.

00:41:11.791 --> 00:41:13.666
You put radio collars on 60
bears for a couple of years,

00:41:13.666 --> 00:41:16.666
and you really start to see in
color what the bears are doing.

00:41:16.666 --> 00:41:23.166
So it\'s been an amazing look into
the inner workings of a bear society.

00:41:51.791 --> 00:41:54.833
Grizzly bears have an uneasy
relationship with humans.

00:41:54.833 --> 00:41:57.125
They\'re very sensitive to human disturbance.

00:41:57.125 --> 00:42:00.875
It\'s that sensitivity that makes
them a good canary in the coal mine.

00:42:00.875 --> 00:42:02.833
They\'re easy to remove from the landscape.

00:42:02.833 --> 00:42:04.333
You can kill too many
and you won\'t have them.

00:42:04.333 --> 00:42:08.541
So that sensitivity means they\'re
almost one of the first species to go.

00:42:08.541 --> 00:42:11.583
So if they\'re here, like they
are in our larger region,

00:42:11.583 --> 00:42:13.791
we\'ve got a pretty healthy region.

00:42:34.500 --> 00:42:39.041
In the old days they came into a
valley, and they would pretty much

00:42:39.041 --> 00:42:40.291
eradicate the bears in the area.

00:42:40.291 --> 00:42:41.500
You can read books about the history.

00:42:41.500 --> 00:42:44.375
And they just came in and shot
bears over and over and over again.

00:42:44.375 --> 00:42:46.708
And it was the way they did business.

00:42:46.708 --> 00:42:49.041
That was their culture at the time.

00:42:53.416 --> 00:42:58.041
In 1920, there was 35 small
populations scattered across the US.

00:42:58.041 --> 00:43:00.500
By 1970, they were all gone.

00:43:02.458 --> 00:43:06.500
And then in the 1970s, there was a
paradigm shift in Western culture.

00:43:06.500 --> 00:43:11.083
@ And we began appreciating,ú and understanding and wanting

00:43:11.083 --> 00:43:13.583
to save our large, dangerous carnivores.

00:43:13.583 --> 00:43:17.083
And we started managing to co-existence.

00:43:42.291 --> 00:43:45.833
- The eyes are really...
down, and her mouth...

00:43:45.833 --> 00:43:47.916
incisors got a little tooth decay.

00:43:47.916 --> 00:43:49.583
- The DNA data has been particularly useful.

00:43:49.583 --> 00:43:53.041
We use it to count bears and to
assess their population structure,

00:43:53.041 --> 00:43:58.125
and put together a large-scale picture
over a million square kilometers --

00:43:58.125 --> 00:44:02.083
from Yellowstone National Park all
the way up through to the Arctic.

00:44:02.083 --> 00:44:08.833
And the major highways and settlement
corridors have fragmented the populations.

00:44:08.833 --> 00:44:14.000
Most populations of large
mammals who get that small

00:44:14.000 --> 00:44:15.791
don\'t necessarily last over time.

00:44:15.791 --> 00:44:21.791
So really, our only hope for the
larger regional metapopulation

00:44:21.791 --> 00:44:23.208
is to sew it back together.

00:44:23.208 --> 00:44:25.625
Small populations,
particularly of grizzly bears,

00:44:25.625 --> 00:44:28.958
are at risk because they only
have so many adult females.

00:44:28.958 --> 00:44:30.791
If a population is going
to grow from within,

00:44:30.791 --> 00:44:33.541
@ and it\'s lost some females
through death, it needs

00:44:33.541 --> 00:44:35.416
to be replenished from
an adjacent population.

00:44:35.416 --> 00:44:42.458
Thankfully, there\'s three or four
really large populations in the mix.

00:44:42.458 --> 00:44:43.291
Yellowstone is one.

00:44:43.291 --> 00:44:46.750
The Northern Continental Divide
ecosystem in the Rockies is another.

00:44:46.750 --> 00:44:49.458
And the other third big one,
which is hugely important

00:44:49.458 --> 00:44:54.541
is what I saw called the
Purcell-Selkirk Horseshoe.

00:44:54.541 --> 00:44:55.958
Jumbo Glacier\'s right in the middle of it.

00:44:55.958 --> 00:45:00.583
One of my problems with the
resort is it has the potential

00:45:00.583 --> 00:45:04.458
to fragment that anchor
core population that\'s

00:45:04.458 --> 00:45:08.833
going to hold the regional
metapopulation together.

00:45:13.375 --> 00:45:20.083
Most of the fragmentation I\'ve studied has
been caused by major highways, but mostly

00:45:20.083 --> 00:45:21.375
the associated human settlement.

00:45:21.375 --> 00:45:26.291
And the human settlement ends
up being detrimental to bears

00:45:26.291 --> 00:45:27.583
through many attractants.

00:45:27.583 --> 00:45:29.458
Bears are attracted to human foods.

00:45:29.458 --> 00:45:30.791
They end up getting killed.

00:45:30.791 --> 00:45:33.208
And that\'s the fragmenting force.

00:45:35.875 --> 00:45:40.666
- It seems despite all of the information
out there about leaving potential sources

00:45:40.666 --> 00:45:45.291
of food out for bears, some peopleú are not getting the message --

00:45:45.291 --> 00:45:48.291
and killing these animals with carelessness.

00:45:48.291 --> 00:45:50.666
Already this year,
conservation officers have had

00:45:50.666 --> 00:45:52.458
to shoot two bears in this neighborhood.

00:45:52.458 --> 00:45:55.875
- This was the result -- an
adult grizzly bear shot dead.

00:45:55.875 --> 00:45:59.500
- ...summer months, then bears
wouldn\'t be drawn into their yards.

00:45:59.500 --> 00:46:05.750
- Bears are easily attracted to human food
sources, and they tend to get lured in

00:46:05.750 --> 00:46:06.791
and they end up getting killed.

00:46:06.791 --> 00:46:08.958
And you just have this population
sink around centers of mortality.

00:46:08.958 --> 00:46:15.666
We found that to be the case in every
human-settled valley in the whole region.

00:46:15.666 --> 00:46:18.041
There are about five
smaller populations that

00:46:18.041 --> 00:46:20.750
will not persist over the
long haul without being

00:46:20.750 --> 00:46:23.458
connected to that large anchor population.

00:46:23.458 --> 00:46:25.875
It\'s almost as simple as that.

00:46:30.750 --> 00:46:33.875
There\'s like 15 organizations
working to solve this problem.

00:46:33.875 --> 00:46:37.375
And it doesn\'t make sense
societally to keep creating

00:46:37.375 --> 00:46:41.000
the problem for one more ski resort.

00:46:43.041 --> 00:47:03.750
(BEAR SNORING)

00:47:03.750 --> 00:47:06.500
- When you consider the
Jumbo Valley in the dead

00:47:06.500 --> 00:47:15.833
of winter, when the grizzly bears are in
the physical realm, they\'ve gone to sleep.

00:47:15.833 --> 00:47:18.083
In the spiritual realm,
they\'re active, and moving,

00:47:18.083 --> 00:47:21.916
and going to that Jumbo Valley
area -- the Qat\'muk area --

00:47:21.916 --> 00:47:29.583
to gather all the Clauxa spirits,
all the grizzly bear spirits.

00:47:29.583 --> 00:47:35.833
We\'re talking about when the nights are
the longest and the days are the shortest.

00:47:35.833 --> 00:47:37.708
That place, they chose
that place because that\'s

00:47:37.708 --> 00:47:46.625
a place that human beings aren\'t going to
be in that place at that time of the year.

00:47:46.625 --> 00:47:52.958
Qat\'muk -- Jumbo -- is a sacred place for
the Ktunaxa people because we believe that

00:47:52.958 --> 00:47:57.000
this is where the grizzly
bear spirit is born,

00:47:57.000 --> 00:48:00.250
and where the grizzly
bear spirit goes to die.

00:48:00.250 --> 00:48:05.291
And in the meantime, it\'s where the
grizzly bear spirit goes to dance.

00:48:05.291 --> 00:48:10.083
When we\'re dancing, the
grizzly bear spirit is dancing.

00:48:12.416 --> 00:48:16.416
And we\'re able to communicate.

00:48:16.416 --> 00:48:24.583
And they are hearing our
prayers, our asks, our songs.

00:48:26.541 --> 00:48:30.958
And our asks are answered.

00:48:30.958 --> 00:48:34.416
They dance at the same time that we dance.

00:49:00.583 --> 00:49:07.166
- We all carry our beliefs and
values up to the mountain with us.

00:49:07.166 --> 00:49:10.958
We project our cultures on it.

00:49:10.958 --> 00:49:15.375
Beneath the voices, the
mountain is just a mountain.

00:49:18.416 --> 00:49:23.416
How do we know what to do with a land that
we share when we look at the mountain,

00:49:23.416 --> 00:49:25.666
but don\'t see the same mountain?

00:49:50.333 --> 00:49:54.500
(INTERPOSING VOICES ECHOING)

00:50:15.041 --> 00:50:17.000
- It\'s not a matter of ski
resorts or no ski resorts.

00:50:17.000 --> 00:50:22.375
It\'s a matter of where and how, for
whose benefit, and at what cost?

00:50:24.416 --> 00:50:27.083
We\'ve already paved over so much
of the wildlife in this world.

00:50:27.083 --> 00:50:32.291
And is one more resort worth the effect it
will have on one of the last major grizzly

00:50:32.291 --> 00:50:33.458
bear populations?

00:50:35.500 --> 00:50:37.833
And while we may not all
share the Ktunaxa\'s culture,

00:50:37.833 --> 00:50:39.750
are we willing to take
seriously their history

00:50:39.750 --> 00:50:44.041
and respect their rights to speak
for the land that is their home?

00:50:49.208 --> 00:50:50.000
And what is wild?

00:50:50.000 --> 00:50:53.625
Is it the tree house in our
backyard when we\'re little?

00:50:53.625 --> 00:50:58.125
Or can it only be found in grand
expanses many miles from town?

00:51:02.000 --> 00:51:08.916
And when I\'m older -- when we\'re all older
-- what type of that wild will be left?

00:51:12.791 --> 00:51:17.416
- Each year, both sides grow more
convinced that what they\'re doing

00:51:17.416 --> 00:51:19.041
is absolutely right.

00:51:19.041 --> 00:51:22.375
Will you ever give up on this project?

00:51:33.916 --> 00:51:37.500
- We all believe in dreams,
but when does a dream die?

00:51:37.500 --> 00:51:42.416
We\'re compelled to people who dream
big, who reach for the impossible.

00:51:45.083 --> 00:51:47.541
But at what point do they consume us?

00:51:59.291 --> 00:52:06.458
- I mean, Jumbo is so emblematic of the
larger questions facing our society.

00:52:06.458 --> 00:52:12.750
And we boil it down into all these issues
we talk about -- the length of the road,

00:52:12.750 --> 00:52:14.666
and the size of the
grizzly population and all.

00:52:14.666 --> 00:52:19.791
And it leaves everyone who\'s not deeply
immersed wondering what the true story is.

00:52:19.791 --> 00:52:26.666
And the true story is that there\'s something
intangible there -- this sense of wildness,

00:52:26.666 --> 00:52:29.166
@ this last remaining space
that don\'t have roads.

00:52:29.166 --> 00:52:35.541
And however you try to prove that and
articulate it, we still know it inside.

00:52:41.250 --> 00:52:45.208
- The idea of the wild is
when you can actually walk

00:52:45.208 --> 00:52:48.208
through a landscape that\'s without roads.

00:52:49.791 --> 00:52:55.750
And the way the sky\'s not scraped
by airplanes, but by raptors.

00:52:55.750 --> 00:53:05.708
A place where the trails are delineated by
the footsteps of wildlife, a place where

00:53:05.708 --> 00:53:08.750
wolf and grizzly bear still exist.

00:53:12.708 --> 00:53:20.666
The wild is a place where you can
be raw before the forces of nature.

00:53:24.125 --> 00:53:31.333
There is just that sense that we all know
when we\'re in the presence of the wild.

00:53:31.333 --> 00:53:33.333
It\'s a feeling that\'s exhilarating.

00:53:33.333 --> 00:53:36.166
It\'s deeply satisfying.

00:53:36.166 --> 00:53:36.958
It can be ominous.

00:53:36.958 --> 00:53:42.833
It basically is a place that
takes you out of the mundane

00:53:42.833 --> 00:53:48.625
and allows you to contemplate the mystic.

00:53:51.208 --> 00:53:56.291
- I just think it\'s incumbent on
us as a generation, as a society,

00:53:56.291 --> 00:54:02.541
to realize that we need
to pass those things down.

00:54:02.541 --> 00:54:04.041
We can\'t...

00:54:04.041 --> 00:54:04.750
I don\'t know.

00:54:04.750 --> 00:54:09.291
We can\'t be the ones like the
Lorax that mows down the last tree.

00:54:09.291 --> 00:54:11.791
We\'ve got to leave something, you know?

00:54:15.916 --> 00:54:19.791
- We need to be stewards
of what we\'ve been given.

00:54:19.791 --> 00:54:23.666
We need to think about our
children and our grandchildren.

00:54:23.666 --> 00:54:30.541
We have to have that kind of a memory --
that kind of a memory where we\'re thinking

00:54:30.541 --> 00:54:33.666
about those still to come.

00:54:34.875 --> 00:54:40.166
@ - At that first time that I
stood and realized, incidentally,

00:54:40.166 --> 00:54:45.333
that I was looking down into the Jumbo
Valley was a day where we could feel how

00:54:45.333 --> 00:54:51.250
@ old the mountains are -- howúmany seasons have come and gone,

00:54:51.250 --> 00:55:01.000
and how the decisions that we make about
that place will deeply impact how we value

00:55:01.000 --> 00:55:03.416
all other places.

00:55:03.416 --> 00:55:06.125
- I think what we\'re seeing
in Canada\'s west right now

00:55:06.125 --> 00:55:07.875
is that we\'ve run out of the frontier.

00:55:07.875 --> 00:55:11.333
This is the end of it, and
this is where it stops.

00:55:11.333 --> 00:55:14.791
And now this is where we have to
make those difficult decisions about,

00:55:14.791 --> 00:55:22.416
do we squeeze those last drops of resources,
of opportunity, of commercial interests

00:55:22.416 --> 00:55:24.833
out of that remaining frontier
and leave ourselves with nothing?

00:55:24.833 --> 00:55:31.416
Or do we protect that frontier because it\'s
part of this natural world we\'ve inherited,

00:55:31.416 --> 00:55:38.083
and we owe it to more than just
ourselves to protect that frontier?