WEBVTT

00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:00.750
Are we still rolling?

00:00:00.750 --> 00:00:01.625
Yes.

00:00:01.625 --> 00:00:02.834
Rolling.

00:00:02.834 --> 00:00:05.375
Jose, take four.

00:00:10.208 --> 00:00:11.500
Three, two, one.

00:00:11.500 --> 00:00:14.917
Tabloid is about guts,
tabloid is about instinct,

00:00:14.917 --> 00:00:16.500
it\'s about emotions.

00:00:16.500 --> 00:00:18.250
It\'s really not about

00:00:18.250 --> 00:00:23.458
telling you what the news
of the day is.

00:00:23.458 --> 00:00:25.000
A tabloid wants
to make you mad,

00:00:25.000 --> 00:00:28.750
wants to make you sad,
wants to make you happy.

00:00:28.750 --> 00:00:31.333
It wants you to feel
something.

00:00:31.333 --> 00:00:37.458
Artifical!

00:00:39.959 --> 00:00:50.041
♪

00:00:50.041 --> 00:00:51.333
Gotcha.

00:00:51.333 --> 00:01:04.750
♪

00:01:04.750 --> 00:01:08.917
♪ (indistinct lyrics) ♪

00:01:08.917 --> 00:01:21.250
♪

00:01:21.250 --> 00:01:24.625
This is the story
of sex, blood, and money.

00:01:24.625 --> 00:01:27.208
Of bogus groups
and exclusive news.

00:01:27.208 --> 00:01:29.709
Of reporters sifting
through trash cans,

00:01:29.709 --> 00:01:31.041
of hunters
and their prey.

00:01:31.041 --> 00:01:36.667
Of 15 minutes of fame
and skimpily clad starlets.

00:01:36.667 --> 00:01:37.667
It\'s a reflection of us,

00:01:37.667 --> 00:01:40.291
it\'s our pleasure
and our disgust.

00:01:40.291 --> 00:01:41.999
This is the story
of tabloids,

00:01:41.999 --> 00:01:43.333
the British and
American newspapers

00:01:43.333 --> 00:01:47.208
that invented and dominated
sensationalist news.

00:01:47.208 --> 00:01:49.875
This is how they became
heralds of a global culture

00:01:49.875 --> 00:01:52.166
obsessed with celebrities
and their secrets

00:01:52.166 --> 00:01:54.542
and how they were
imitated, recycled,

00:01:54.542 --> 00:01:56.834
and sometimes even rivaled
in Europe

00:01:56.834 --> 00:01:58.417
and the rest
of the world.

00:01:58.417 --> 00:02:01.166
This is the story of
the rise of tabloids

00:02:01.166 --> 00:02:02.000
followed by their fall,

00:02:02.000 --> 00:02:05.542
and their resurrection
in a different form.

00:02:05.542 --> 00:02:08.208
♪

00:02:08.208 --> 00:02:11.333
It\'s a story that
doesn\'t end well.

00:02:11.333 --> 00:02:21.083
♪

00:02:21.083 --> 00:02:25.041
Our tale begins in the late
1960s in Australia

00:02:25.041 --> 00:02:26.959
where a cowboy
laid down the law

00:02:26.959 --> 00:02:30.000
on the local press.

00:02:30.000 --> 00:02:32.792
Rupert Murdoch already
owned several newspapers

00:02:32.792 --> 00:02:34.625
and was flying high.

00:02:34.625 --> 00:02:39.542
♪

00:02:39.542 --> 00:02:42.834
But his ambition
was limitless.

00:02:42.834 --> 00:02:57.875
♪

00:02:57.875 --> 00:03:00.041
He arrived in London
in good old Britain

00:03:00.041 --> 00:03:05.709
where popular journalism
was a decades old tradition.

00:03:05.709 --> 00:03:09.667
Within a few years Murdoch
would overturn the status quo

00:03:09.667 --> 00:03:12.458
and impose a new
tabloid model.

00:03:12.458 --> 00:03:18.417
♪

00:03:18.417 --> 00:03:20.875
He began by buying
the Sunday newspaper,

00:03:20.875 --> 00:03:21.999
\"News of the World\"

00:03:21.999 --> 00:03:24.542
and a modest daily,
\"The Sun\".

00:03:24.542 --> 00:03:29.792
♪

00:03:29.792 --> 00:03:31.375
I was one of those
journalists

00:03:31.375 --> 00:03:34.333
who was hired in the early
days of \"The Sun\"

00:03:34.333 --> 00:03:37.208
when Rupert Murdoch
founded it.

00:03:37.208 --> 00:03:39.625
And uh,
they were great days,

00:03:39.625 --> 00:03:41.041
they were,
this was the Wild West.

00:03:41.041 --> 00:03:43.417
No staff on tap
at the time it started

00:03:43.417 --> 00:03:46.041
and executives wandered
Fleet Street bars

00:03:46.041 --> 00:03:47.500
and restaurants and pubs

00:03:47.500 --> 00:03:51.500
hiring staff
in a great roundup.

00:03:51.500 --> 00:03:53.208
News never sleeps.

00:03:53.208 --> 00:03:53.875
On Fleet Street,

00:03:53.875 --> 00:03:56.750
the mecca of tabloids and
other London newspapers,

00:03:56.750 --> 00:03:58.458
reporters spent their
days and nights

00:03:58.458 --> 00:04:01.250
in the numerous pubs
that lined the street.

00:04:01.250 --> 00:04:03.999
In between drinks they chased
their latest scoops,

00:04:03.999 --> 00:04:07.875
desperately trying
to beat the competition.

00:04:07.875 --> 00:04:09.166
We, on \"The Sun\"
were the underdog.

00:04:09.166 --> 00:04:12.208
There was another rival
newspaper, \"The Daily Mirror\"

00:04:12.208 --> 00:04:13.583
which was predominant.

00:04:13.583 --> 00:04:16.291
I think five million copies
a day were sold.

00:04:16.291 --> 00:04:17.291
We were selling
next to none.

00:04:17.291 --> 00:04:19.999
There was a fearsome
completion in those days,

00:04:19.999 --> 00:04:20.959
that\'s what made it fun.

00:04:20.959 --> 00:04:23.959
Murdoch\'s plans for \"The Sun\"
are still uncertain.

00:04:23.959 --> 00:04:26.583
It seems that it\'ll be
a spicier version

00:04:26.583 --> 00:04:28.000
of \"The Daily Mirror\".

00:04:28.000 --> 00:04:30.083
The guardians of
public morals,

00:04:30.083 --> 00:04:30.959
though not the public,

00:04:30.959 --> 00:04:34.000
are saying they\'re worried
he\'ll sell it on sex.

00:04:34.000 --> 00:04:35.792
Depends what you call
by spice and sex

00:04:35.792 --> 00:04:40.125
and salaciousness
and nut cracking and so on.

00:04:40.125 --> 00:04:41.083
So uh, no, I mean,

00:04:41.083 --> 00:04:45.041
we\'re obviously not gonna
avoid the subject.

00:04:45.041 --> 00:04:49.125
♪

00:04:49.125 --> 00:04:50.166
To outdo its rivals

00:04:50.166 --> 00:04:52.667
\"The Sun\" exploited
the sexual liberation

00:04:52.667 --> 00:04:55.625
for a few pennies a day.

00:04:55.625 --> 00:05:01.375
In 1970 it introduced its
topless Page 3 girls.

00:05:01.375 --> 00:05:02.917
What he\'s been looking for
in a Page 3 girl

00:05:02.917 --> 00:05:07.125
is someone who looked like
the girl next door.

00:05:07.125 --> 00:05:08.875
Obviously she had
to be beautiful,

00:05:08.875 --> 00:05:11.333
she had to be shapely
and she had to be sexy,

00:05:11.333 --> 00:05:16.208
but beyond that she had to have
an air of innocence.

00:05:16.208 --> 00:05:19.208
♪

00:05:19.208 --> 00:05:21.625
Her breasts could not
be too big.

00:05:21.625 --> 00:05:24.375
She could not be looking
too sexy um,

00:05:24.375 --> 00:05:29.875
and so it was a very careful,
intuitive calculation

00:05:29.875 --> 00:05:32.917
about what was acceptable
and what wasn\'t.

00:05:32.917 --> 00:05:36.000
The photographers used to
get us to sit in such a way

00:05:36.000 --> 00:05:40.208
that we would be, you know,
the legs had to be correct.

00:05:40.208 --> 00:05:42.500
The shoulder had to cover the,
the nipple

00:05:42.500 --> 00:05:44.500
so it wasn\'t
exactly shown.

00:05:44.500 --> 00:05:46.750
One arm would be here.

00:05:46.750 --> 00:05:49.667
You would have to pout
and use your eyes

00:05:49.667 --> 00:05:50.792
and play with the camera.

00:05:50.792 --> 00:05:52.792
But everything had to
be pulled in

00:05:52.792 --> 00:05:56.125
and we\'d have to sit there
for hours like that

00:05:56.125 --> 00:05:58.959
until we felt like
we were going to faint.

00:05:58.959 --> 00:06:10.959
♪

00:06:10.959 --> 00:06:13.500
How they got \'round
the regulation on Page 3

00:06:13.500 --> 00:06:18.542
was by writing caption to say
no, this isn\'t just gratuitous,

00:06:18.542 --> 00:06:20.041
it\'s not just a nude woman.

00:06:20.041 --> 00:06:21.875
They, they\'d write some
news story about her

00:06:21.875 --> 00:06:23.875
like she\'s the first
woman astronaut

00:06:23.875 --> 00:06:27.208
or she wants to be the world\'s,
the first woman astronaut

00:06:27.208 --> 00:06:31.458
or she cooked 25 pancakes
in an hour or something

00:06:31.458 --> 00:06:32.417
and it\'s a new record.

00:06:32.417 --> 00:06:35.917
So they would have some
completely fabricated news story

00:06:35.917 --> 00:06:39.709
that was used to,
to say that Page 3

00:06:39.709 --> 00:06:40.500
was not pornography.

00:06:40.500 --> 00:06:44.417
And so you had to perhaps
think of a topical news event

00:06:44.417 --> 00:06:50.166
or a current thing on TV
or a film or something

00:06:50.166 --> 00:06:52.041
and just be utterly inventive.

00:06:52.041 --> 00:06:56.542
Busty Debbie from Darby
has had a really good Easter.

00:06:56.542 --> 00:07:01.083
She was out with the bunnies
early in the morning and um,

00:07:01.083 --> 00:07:03.333
she just enjoyed it so much,

00:07:03.333 --> 00:07:05.375
cavorting on the ground
with them,

00:07:05.375 --> 00:07:06.250
and look at her now.

00:07:06.250 --> 00:07:08.041
She came back from
her adventure

00:07:08.041 --> 00:07:11.041
and here she is taking
her clothes off for you.

00:07:11.041 --> 00:07:11.792
Happy Debbie.

00:07:11.792 --> 00:07:15.125
To have a woman topless
just for being topless,

00:07:15.125 --> 00:07:17.709
whether people considered it
scandalous or not

00:07:17.709 --> 00:07:20.417
was crossing a legal re-,
regulatory line

00:07:20.417 --> 00:07:23.000
and that brought
the official establishment

00:07:23.000 --> 00:07:23.792
down on them.

00:07:23.792 --> 00:07:28.000
But they used it brilliantly
to take a stance of,

00:07:28.000 --> 00:07:31.291
on the side of the young people,
the permissive people,

00:07:31.291 --> 00:07:34.375
against these stuffy,
worthy, boring people

00:07:34.375 --> 00:07:37.542
who didn\'t like sex,
who didn\'t like pretty girls,

00:07:37.542 --> 00:07:38.375
et cetera, et cetera.

00:07:38.375 --> 00:07:40.999
And ever since then it\'s one
of \"The Sun\'s\"

00:07:40.999 --> 00:07:42.250
most effective techniques,

00:07:42.250 --> 00:07:45.750
is to pose as the friend of
the ordinary person

00:07:45.750 --> 00:07:47.417
who\'s not particularly
high minded

00:07:47.417 --> 00:07:48.667
and just want to have
a nice life,

00:07:48.667 --> 00:07:51.999
they do like attractive women,
they do like sex,

00:07:51.999 --> 00:07:53.875
and it\'s all these
fuddy duddies,

00:07:53.875 --> 00:07:56.542
these religious people,
these official people,

00:07:56.542 --> 00:07:59.375
schoolteachers,
the establishment,

00:07:59.375 --> 00:08:00.041
intellectuals.

00:08:00.041 --> 00:08:02.375
They are the people
who are stopping you

00:08:02.375 --> 00:08:03.250
having your fun.

00:08:03.250 --> 00:08:05.000
How about the other half?

00:08:05.000 --> 00:08:05.500
Eh?

00:08:05.500 --> 00:08:06.917
Another one of those.

00:08:06.917 --> 00:08:07.834
Oh, ta.

00:08:07.834 --> 00:08:09.000
Have you got a large one?

00:08:09.000 --> 00:08:11.750
I\'ve had no complaints so far.

00:08:11.750 --> 00:08:12.625
Seeing is believing.

00:08:12.625 --> 00:08:14.999
You won\'t need
a magnifying glass.

00:08:14.999 --> 00:08:17.625
Life is a hard old go
for most people.

00:08:17.625 --> 00:08:20.834
What they mainly want to do
is literally have a laugh.

00:08:20.834 --> 00:08:22.166
And, of course, what
we get in the paper

00:08:22.166 --> 00:08:26.709
is all death and disaster
and pedophiles and,

00:08:26.709 --> 00:08:29.250
and this and that
and the other.

00:08:29.250 --> 00:08:30.750
But where\'s the fun?

00:08:30.750 --> 00:08:31.875
Where is the fun?

00:08:31.875 --> 00:08:38.000
I guarantee to you
that you have a fun front page

00:08:38.000 --> 00:08:39.083
it may not sell more,

00:08:39.083 --> 00:08:41.166
but it guarantees
that that reader

00:08:41.166 --> 00:08:42.166
comes back tomorrow.

00:08:42.166 --> 00:08:44.041
Because they are looking
for something

00:08:44.041 --> 00:08:45.834
to lift them out
of the gloom, right?

00:08:45.834 --> 00:08:47.375
And they\'re certainly not
gonna get it at work

00:08:47.375 --> 00:08:50.375
and I doubt whether they\'re
gonna get it at home, either.

00:08:50.375 --> 00:08:53.625
So bit of a laugh
and that\'s it.

00:08:53.625 --> 00:08:58.542
♪

00:08:58.542 --> 00:08:59.750
In just a few years

00:08:59.750 --> 00:09:01.000
\"The Sun\" had perfected
the formula

00:09:01.000 --> 00:09:04.375
for winning over
millions of readers.

00:09:04.375 --> 00:09:06.250
Dublonton, sexy news,

00:09:06.250 --> 00:09:09.000
made up urban myths,
TV schedules,

00:09:09.000 --> 00:09:13.709
stories about TV stars,
and sports results.

00:09:13.709 --> 00:09:15.542
The same menu,
sweet and greasy,

00:09:15.542 --> 00:09:19.333
was recycled every day,
Monday through Saturday,

00:09:19.333 --> 00:09:22.375
week after week.

00:09:22.375 --> 00:09:23.333
The formula was
finely honed

00:09:23.333 --> 00:09:27.208
and Murdoch was now ready
to expand to a new territory,

00:09:27.208 --> 00:09:29.625
the United States where,
in 1976,

00:09:29.625 --> 00:09:34.208
he bought the \"New York Post\",
an old liberal paper.

00:09:34.208 --> 00:09:36.709
So he got hold of this paper
and refashioned it

00:09:36.709 --> 00:09:39.208
into an utterly,
utterly brutal tabloid.

00:09:39.208 --> 00:09:43.125
I mean, it leaves \"The Sun\"
in the shade occasionally and,

00:09:43.125 --> 00:09:46.375
and it\'s the sharpness of
its headline writing,

00:09:46.375 --> 00:09:48.458
it wasn\'t quite as sexual
as \"The Sun\",

00:09:48.458 --> 00:09:50.709
it was more political
from day one.

00:09:50.709 --> 00:09:53.041
It was like if you were
a politician

00:09:53.041 --> 00:09:54.792
and the \"New York Post\"
went against you,

00:09:54.792 --> 00:09:57.583
it\'s like being set upon
with a baseball bat.

00:09:57.583 --> 00:10:01.291
Also, Murdoch would move
his most capable uh,

00:10:01.291 --> 00:10:03.875
tabloid news journalists
to New York

00:10:03.875 --> 00:10:05.959
partly to strengthen
the \"New York Post\",

00:10:05.959 --> 00:10:08.542
but also to blood them
in the trenches of the,

00:10:08.542 --> 00:10:12.000
of the New York uh,
kind of political system.

00:10:12.000 --> 00:10:15.792
Actually from my background
I was all, you know,

00:10:15.792 --> 00:10:18.125
sensation and shock and horror,

00:10:18.125 --> 00:10:21.625
shock and amaze on every page
kind of stuff.

00:10:21.625 --> 00:10:27.667
And uh, I was
allowed to bring

00:10:27.667 --> 00:10:29.333
some of that to,
to New York.

00:10:29.333 --> 00:10:31.417
However, Rupert Murdoch
did say to me uh,

00:10:31.417 --> 00:10:35.959
after a couple of years that
we had to tone down the paper.

00:10:35.959 --> 00:10:37.083
Although it was selling
like fury,

00:10:37.083 --> 00:10:38.500
had to tone it down,
I said, \"Why is that?\"

00:10:38.500 --> 00:10:44.542
He said, \"I can\'t live
in the same city as this paper.\"

00:10:45.041 --> 00:10:48.417
The occasion was that
everywhere we went

00:10:48.417 --> 00:10:50.083
people were saying \"Disgusting\".

00:10:50.083 --> 00:10:52.583
So I think one of the things
that appealed to people here

00:10:52.583 --> 00:10:55.750
was that we had this total
lack of ethics and would,

00:10:55.750 --> 00:10:56.667
would do anything.

00:10:56.667 --> 00:10:57.917
I mean, I think
there were things

00:10:57.917 --> 00:11:01.625
that we were accustomed
to doing that were not typical,

00:11:01.625 --> 00:11:05.208
say, in American journalism
at that time.

00:11:05.208 --> 00:11:07.542
Most Americans seem
to be crusaders

00:11:07.542 --> 00:11:08.834
out to change the world
or something.

00:11:08.834 --> 00:11:10.333
We\'re not interested
in changing the world,

00:11:10.333 --> 00:11:14.458
we\'re interested in giving
readers a good story.

00:11:14.458 --> 00:11:17.583
♪

00:11:17.583 --> 00:11:20.041
A good tabloid story.

00:11:20.041 --> 00:11:21.291
Is there a foolproof recipe

00:11:21.291 --> 00:11:23.458
that always uses
the same ingredients?

00:11:23.458 --> 00:11:28.709
Like with a romance novel
or a B horror movie?

00:11:28.709 --> 00:11:32.333
Aaahh, aaah!

00:11:32.333 --> 00:11:33.333
There were no
rules laid down

00:11:33.333 --> 00:11:36.333
for what\'s a good tabloid story
and what\'s not.

00:11:36.333 --> 00:11:41.458
Um, but I guess
you know it\'s a good tale

00:11:41.458 --> 00:11:45.208
when you\'re sure that
whoever is reading it

00:11:45.208 --> 00:11:47.875
is gonna pass it on
to their workmate,

00:11:47.875 --> 00:11:52.041
to her girlfriend
or to your auntie

00:11:52.041 --> 00:11:52.709
or your granny.

00:11:52.709 --> 00:11:53.792
So it doesn\'t
have to be rude,

00:11:53.792 --> 00:11:57.750
just has to be a \"Cor,
blimey, look at that, Mabel,\"

00:11:57.750 --> 00:11:58.333
story.

00:11:58.333 --> 00:12:00.959
Well, the essence of
a good tabloid story

00:12:00.959 --> 00:12:04.500
is um, like we used,
we used to say back then

00:12:04.500 --> 00:12:07.458
was kids, dogs,
mammary glands,

00:12:07.458 --> 00:12:08.291
Kennedys dead or alive.

00:12:08.291 --> 00:12:11.291
You get one of those in
and you\'re gonna get a story,

00:12:11.291 --> 00:12:13.208
you get two of them in you\'re
gonna get a story up front,

00:12:13.208 --> 00:12:15.709
you get three in there you\'re
probably on the front page.

00:12:15.709 --> 00:12:18.875
There\'s one story
that always works.

00:12:18.875 --> 00:12:19.709
Sex scandals.

00:12:19.709 --> 00:12:24.041
Any kind of sex scandal
involving anybody famous,

00:12:24.041 --> 00:12:24.834
through the roof.

00:12:24.834 --> 00:12:29.458
So actually the more scandals
you could find, the better.

00:12:29.458 --> 00:12:30.625
And all you were doing,

00:12:30.625 --> 00:12:32.834
and it was like a drug,
you know?

00:12:32.834 --> 00:12:36.166
People ha-, they have to have
a good ol\' sex scandal,

00:12:36.166 --> 00:12:38.333
they love a bit of,
there\'s nothing wrong with it.

00:12:38.333 --> 00:12:40.625
I remember Rupert saying
to me once, he said,

00:12:40.625 --> 00:12:43.667
\"Isn\'t there anything
going on in your country

00:12:43.667 --> 00:12:45.250
above the waist?\"

00:12:45.250 --> 00:12:48.583
I said, \"Rupert,\" I said,
\"They can\'t get enough of it.

00:12:48.583 --> 00:12:52.959
They are walking 30 miles
across broken glass

00:12:52.959 --> 00:12:57.000
to buy \"The Sun\"
because of this stuff\".

00:12:57.000 --> 00:12:59.083
\"Scared to Death\".

00:12:59.083 --> 00:13:01.417
\"Guilty\".

00:13:01.417 --> 00:13:04.250
\"Sex Verdict\".

00:13:04.250 --> 00:13:08.583
\"Kill My Wife\".

00:13:08.583 --> 00:13:10.417
\"The Magnificent Bitch\".

00:13:10.417 --> 00:13:15.792
Nothing like a racy headline
to catch the reader\'s eye.

00:13:15.792 --> 00:13:18.166
In the tabloids you have
people who do that

00:13:18.166 --> 00:13:19.041
and they\'re good at it,

00:13:19.041 --> 00:13:20.667
they recognize
they\'re good at it,

00:13:20.667 --> 00:13:23.999
especially in the um,
in the British tabloids.

00:13:23.999 --> 00:13:26.417
They, they really, those,
they\'re the bosses.

00:13:26.417 --> 00:13:28.583
I mean, some people tell me
that the guy\'s got

00:13:28.583 --> 00:13:31.250
the headline in his head when
he sends you out the door

00:13:31.250 --> 00:13:32.917
so you better come back
with the story

00:13:32.917 --> 00:13:36.583
that matches the headline.

00:13:36.583 --> 00:13:39.959
\"Headless Body
in Topless Bar\".

00:13:39.959 --> 00:13:40.750
We knew that there,

00:13:40.750 --> 00:13:44.834
someone had been beheaded
in a bar in Queens.

00:13:44.834 --> 00:13:48.166
But we weren\'t sure if
it was a topless bar.

00:13:48.166 --> 00:13:51.834
So we sent a woman reporter
out to Queens

00:13:51.834 --> 00:13:57.125
to find out if it
really was a topless bar

00:13:57.125 --> 00:13:57.792
and it was.

00:13:57.792 --> 00:13:59.417
I remember I told
the city editor,

00:13:59.417 --> 00:14:03.625
I said, \"If it\'s not
a topless bar tell Marilyn,\"

00:14:03.625 --> 00:14:04.458
she was the reporter,

00:14:04.458 --> 00:14:07.458
\"to take off her top and
it will be a topless bar.\"

00:14:07.458 --> 00:14:10.208
But she didn\'t
have to do it.

00:14:10.208 --> 00:14:12.917
♪

00:14:12.917 --> 00:14:16.333
In the US Murdoch\'s press
had a competitor,

00:14:16.333 --> 00:14:17.667
the \"National Enquirer\".

00:14:17.667 --> 00:14:19.041
A specialist in car crash photos

00:14:19.041 --> 00:14:21.750
with an unparalleled sales
pitch.

00:14:21.750 --> 00:14:23.000
Since human beings are voyeurs

00:14:23.000 --> 00:14:25.250
who slow down to catch
a glimpse on the highway

00:14:25.250 --> 00:14:26.375
when there are accidents,

00:14:26.375 --> 00:14:27.834
they\'ll be more
than happy to see

00:14:27.834 --> 00:14:30.000
bloody photos
in a newspaper.

00:14:30.000 --> 00:14:37.792
♪

00:14:37.792 --> 00:14:40.375
But the \"Enquirer\" wanted
to be sold in supermarkets

00:14:40.375 --> 00:14:42.875
and in order to
attract housewives

00:14:42.875 --> 00:14:45.875
it needed to report
on less gory stories.

00:14:45.875 --> 00:14:50.667
Stories that were unbelievable,
but true.

00:14:50.667 --> 00:14:55.041
What developed was a sort of
\"Enquirer\" template

00:14:55.041 --> 00:14:58.542
with about 60%
non celebrity stories,

00:14:58.542 --> 00:15:00.500
40% celebrity stories,

00:15:00.500 --> 00:15:05.583
but the non celebrity stories
were really to create

00:15:05.583 --> 00:15:08.999
dreams and emotion.

00:15:08.999 --> 00:15:09.875
I went out to Colorado,

00:15:09.875 --> 00:15:13.792
do a story that had appeared in
a local weekly paper there

00:15:13.792 --> 00:15:14.583
about Rose Marie Holman.

00:15:14.583 --> 00:15:18.709
She was born with a condition
called sacral agenesis

00:15:18.709 --> 00:15:22.250
which means no uh, organs,

00:15:22.250 --> 00:15:25.375
or no muscles be-,
below the waist,

00:15:25.375 --> 00:15:29.083
but she got herself \'round
on a skateboard

00:15:29.083 --> 00:15:30.792
and she walked on her hands.

00:15:30.792 --> 00:15:35.458
And she was one of the most
incredible women

00:15:35.458 --> 00:15:36.542
I\'ve ever met.

00:15:36.542 --> 00:15:37.583
Her mother was blind,

00:15:37.583 --> 00:15:39.999
her father was
mentally retarded,

00:15:39.999 --> 00:15:43.667
and she had a younger brother,
eight,

00:15:43.667 --> 00:15:45.041
and she did all the cooking,

00:15:45.041 --> 00:15:47.917
all the housework
for the family uh,

00:15:47.917 --> 00:15:50.542
she would haul herself
on the cooker

00:15:50.542 --> 00:15:53.834
and cook bacon and eggs
and everything else.

00:15:53.834 --> 00:15:56.083
I must have done a dozen
stories on her

00:15:56.083 --> 00:15:58.166
following her through
her life uh,

00:15:58.166 --> 00:16:02.709
including when she uh,
got married and,

00:16:02.709 --> 00:16:05.500
eventually, when she
had a miracle baby

00:16:05.500 --> 00:16:08.625
that everyone said she
couldn\'t possibly have.

00:16:08.625 --> 00:16:10.917
So there were some wonderful
stories like that

00:16:10.917 --> 00:16:13.375
that the \"Enquirer\"
used to cover then.

00:16:13.375 --> 00:16:16.667
The \"National Enquirer\"
had sources throughout Hollywood

00:16:16.667 --> 00:16:18.250
and not just a few sources,

00:16:18.250 --> 00:16:22.333
hundreds, thousands
of sources

00:16:22.333 --> 00:16:23.875
around the celebrity community

00:16:23.875 --> 00:16:25.959
and around individual
celebrities.

00:16:25.959 --> 00:16:29.834
It could be anyone
from a sister,

00:16:29.834 --> 00:16:30.542
the pool guy.

00:16:30.542 --> 00:16:32.375
Someone in your
doctor\'s office.

00:16:32.375 --> 00:16:34.041
The lawn maintenance guy.

00:16:34.041 --> 00:16:35.583
The limo drivers.

00:16:35.583 --> 00:16:38.709
The uh, nanny.

00:16:38.709 --> 00:16:39.709
The florist.

00:16:39.709 --> 00:16:41.834
The brother in law.

00:16:41.834 --> 00:16:43.875
The guy who uh,
is the bell boy

00:16:43.875 --> 00:16:46.792
or the concierge
at the fancy hotel.

00:16:46.792 --> 00:16:49.458
Maybe your mother would
be working for,

00:16:49.458 --> 00:16:50.166
I\'m not kidding.

00:16:50.166 --> 00:16:54.667
We had the husband of
a very famous TV woman,

00:16:54.667 --> 00:16:55.458
sitcom star.

00:16:55.458 --> 00:16:58.667
Her husband would call us
every time she did something.

00:16:58.667 --> 00:17:01.917
\"Hey, she\'s done this,
she\'s gone there,

00:17:01.917 --> 00:17:02.875
you can get pictures of her

00:17:02.875 --> 00:17:05.125
because she\'s going
to get a massage.

00:17:05.125 --> 00:17:06.750
If you go and place
so and so

00:17:06.750 --> 00:17:10.208
you can get a picture
of her back, maybe her ass.\"

00:17:10.208 --> 00:17:13.875
So okay, he was
getting money, too.

00:17:13.875 --> 00:17:16.542
What did he do with his money?

00:17:16.542 --> 00:17:18.083
He bought cocaine.

00:17:18.083 --> 00:17:20.125
Because he didn\'t want
the wife to know

00:17:20.125 --> 00:17:22.166
that he was using money
to buy coke,

00:17:22.166 --> 00:17:22.999
which is expensive,

00:17:22.999 --> 00:17:26.125
so he would give us stuff,
he would get paid,

00:17:26.125 --> 00:17:28.250
and he\'d go blow it on blow.

00:17:28.250 --> 00:17:29.291
So the wife wouldn\'t know.

00:17:29.291 --> 00:17:34.083
I mean, the irony of a lot
of this stuff is just crazy,

00:17:34.083 --> 00:17:35.500
and when celebrities complain,

00:17:35.500 --> 00:17:38.792
or they claim, \"Oh, you guys
are making it up,

00:17:38.792 --> 00:17:40.083
it\'s not true.\"

00:17:40.083 --> 00:17:44.375
Very often it\'s from the
person they sit next to.

00:17:44.375 --> 00:17:51.083
♪

00:17:51.083 --> 00:17:53.542
In 1977 when Elvis died

00:17:53.542 --> 00:17:55.667
the \"National Enquirer\"
had all the best sources

00:17:55.667 --> 00:17:58.291
to get the picture
everyone wanted to see.

00:17:58.291 --> 00:18:01.999
That of the King laid out
in his coffin.

00:18:01.999 --> 00:18:04.333
But tabloid readers
know only too well

00:18:04.333 --> 00:18:10.000
that Elvis isn\'t really dead.

00:18:10.000 --> 00:18:11.875
According to our sources,

00:18:11.875 --> 00:18:13.542
he now lives in the suburbs

00:18:13.542 --> 00:18:15.834
in a house with a pool
and a barbecue,

00:18:15.834 --> 00:18:18.041
finally living
the manufactured dream

00:18:18.041 --> 00:18:20.875
of the American middle class.

00:18:20.875 --> 00:18:26.208
♪ Well, I\'m not trying
to be just like Elvis ♪

00:18:26.208 --> 00:18:27.999
♪

00:18:27.999 --> 00:18:29.875
♪ I\'m doing my best ♪

00:18:29.875 --> 00:18:34.583
♪ To make it on my own ♪

00:18:34.583 --> 00:18:38.500
♪ \'Cause he didn\'t
have to pick a side ♪

00:18:38.500 --> 00:18:41.667
♪ Just to make it to the top ♪

00:18:41.667 --> 00:18:45.583
♪ He just kept his
faith in Jesus ♪

00:18:45.583 --> 00:18:49.999
♪ And became king on his own ♪

00:18:49.999 --> 00:18:50.792
Dive into \"The Sun\"

00:18:50.792 --> 00:18:53.667
and swim to new fitness
in the sea or the pool.

00:18:53.667 --> 00:18:54.583
Look at the way you sleep.

00:18:54.583 --> 00:18:55.709
There are so many positions.

00:18:55.709 --> 00:18:56.542
What do they all mean?

00:18:56.542 --> 00:18:57.999
Plus, help your lover
live longer.

00:18:57.999 --> 00:19:00.792
Follow the his and hers
living guide in \"The Sun\".

00:19:00.792 --> 00:19:02.792
Lose seven pounds on
the Sun Fun Diet

00:19:02.792 --> 00:19:04.667
ane slip into this super
body trip play suit

00:19:04.667 --> 00:19:05.375
in \"The Sun\".

00:19:05.375 --> 00:19:08.125
It\'s all in your bigger bounty
bright and breezy,

00:19:08.125 --> 00:19:12.333
number one \"Sun\" this week.

00:19:12.333 --> 00:19:14.458
In the early 1980s \"The Sun\"
was ahead

00:19:14.458 --> 00:19:16.208
of its old rival,
the \"Daily Mirror\"

00:19:16.208 --> 00:19:20.166
and became the number one daily
in the United Kingdom.

00:19:20.166 --> 00:19:23.542
A new editor took over,
Kelvin MacKenzie.

00:19:23.542 --> 00:19:26.750
Kelvin MacKenzie was a genius
tabloid journalist.

00:19:26.750 --> 00:19:30.917
One of the most effective uh,
that we\'ve ever seen.

00:19:30.917 --> 00:19:33.959
He lead \"The Sun\" like
a military operation, really,

00:19:33.959 --> 00:19:38.917
every single day was an attack
on his rivals.

00:19:38.917 --> 00:19:42.667
He was rude, aggressive,
demanding,

00:19:42.667 --> 00:19:45.709
constantly changing
his mind um,

00:19:45.709 --> 00:19:50.792
and he was almost
a kind of archetypical

00:19:50.792 --> 00:19:52.667
tabloid figure.

00:19:52.667 --> 00:19:58.834
These papers, these are
one man or one woman

00:19:58.834 --> 00:20:00.667
ego exhibitions.

00:20:00.667 --> 00:20:02.083
It\'s not regulated.

00:20:02.083 --> 00:20:06.917
And therefore your personality
just drives through the paper.

00:20:06.917 --> 00:20:12.000
Kelvin had his mind\'s eye
about what the story should be.

00:20:12.000 --> 00:20:13.000
And sometimes, of course,

00:20:13.000 --> 00:20:15.709
the facts didn\'t quite match
his imagination.

00:20:15.709 --> 00:20:20.792
But he would get a reporter
to push it to that level

00:20:20.792 --> 00:20:23.125
just to stretch it
that bit further

00:20:23.125 --> 00:20:25.625
in order to give him
the headline he wanted.

00:20:25.625 --> 00:20:26.667
And he even had
a phrase for it,

00:20:26.667 --> 00:20:29.709
he would say \"run it through
the typewriter again\" or,

00:20:29.709 --> 00:20:33.083
as he called it,
the \"scamulator\".

00:20:33.083 --> 00:20:36.291
♪

00:20:36.291 --> 00:20:38.333
Got a situation here
where the only thing

00:20:38.333 --> 00:20:42.917
to survive a house fire
somewhere in the north

00:20:42.917 --> 00:20:45.583
was the picture
of a crying boy.

00:20:45.583 --> 00:20:50.333
Now the crying boy
was quite a well known

00:20:50.333 --> 00:20:51.208
piece of art.

00:20:51.208 --> 00:20:54.917
So we have a picture of
the house all burned down,

00:20:54.917 --> 00:20:56.834
I mean, I\'m laughing,
I mean it wasn\'t funny,

00:20:56.834 --> 00:20:58.417
the whole house
went up in flames,

00:20:58.417 --> 00:21:02.041
and they also had a picture
of the owner with the,

00:21:02.041 --> 00:21:04.000
with the picture
of the crying boy.

00:21:04.000 --> 00:21:07.999
And we then said \"the curse
of the crying boy\".

00:21:07.999 --> 00:21:11.000
He realized, A, that many
\"Sun\" readers

00:21:11.000 --> 00:21:13.917
would have this painting
in their house.

00:21:13.917 --> 00:21:17.041
B, they\'re pretty superstitious
people anyway

00:21:17.041 --> 00:21:19.792
who believe in luck and gambling
and all the rest of it.

00:21:19.792 --> 00:21:22.333
So again, once again,
the whole thing

00:21:22.333 --> 00:21:23.083
worked perfectly.

00:21:23.083 --> 00:21:27.250
\"The Sun\" and then finally
it has the final bit

00:21:27.250 --> 00:21:28.999
of the MacKenzie approach,

00:21:28.999 --> 00:21:29.999
it goes on a crusade,

00:21:29.999 --> 00:21:34.959
it goes on a crusade against
the crying boy picture.

00:21:34.959 --> 00:21:38.458
\"The Sun\" will protect you
against this evil,

00:21:38.458 --> 00:21:39.125
cursed object.

00:21:39.125 --> 00:21:40.417
There were people
ringing up saying,

00:21:40.417 --> 00:21:41.333
\"Well, what should we do?

00:21:41.333 --> 00:21:46.542
We\'ve got a crying boy hanging
up in our front room.

00:21:46.542 --> 00:21:47.458
What should we do?\"

00:21:47.458 --> 00:21:49.041
Said, \"Send it to us

00:21:49.041 --> 00:21:51.917
and we will burn
all the crying boys

00:21:51.917 --> 00:21:53.667
so that this curse
can be killed.\"

00:21:53.667 --> 00:21:56.500
Anyway, couple of days later
there\'s literally

00:21:56.500 --> 00:22:01.417
about 900 crying boy pictures
being delivered

00:22:01.417 --> 00:22:03.875
by the post office now.

00:22:03.875 --> 00:22:06.375
And we then set light to them

00:22:06.375 --> 00:22:08.208
and it all goes up in flames.

00:22:08.208 --> 00:22:09.458
They had a huge
bonfire

00:22:09.458 --> 00:22:11.792
like a kind of exorcism
of the thing,

00:22:11.792 --> 00:22:15.417
and the entire thing was
built out of ignorance,

00:22:15.417 --> 00:22:19.000
superstition, and the final
bit of cheek, you know,

00:22:19.000 --> 00:22:21.875
\"The Sun\" kind of cheek
is that they labeled the man

00:22:21.875 --> 00:22:25.583
who set fire to them
their \"fine art correspondent\"

00:22:25.583 --> 00:22:28.583
when he\'s setting fire
to the pictures.

00:22:28.583 --> 00:22:33.041
♪

00:22:33.041 --> 00:22:36.542
(speaking French)

00:22:47.333 --> 00:22:48.125
Uh, Jacques Delors,

00:22:48.125 --> 00:22:52.291
so the chief executive or
the leader of the Europe EU

00:22:52.291 --> 00:22:53.208
at the time uh,

00:22:53.208 --> 00:22:56.583
he was trying to push through
some new treaty,

00:22:56.583 --> 00:22:58.333
which eventually got
pushed through,

00:22:58.333 --> 00:23:01.041
unbelievably, and um,

00:23:01.041 --> 00:23:02.667
we decided this wasn\'t
a good idea

00:23:02.667 --> 00:23:04.333
so we designed a campaign
against it.

00:23:04.333 --> 00:23:07.500
So we had a headline which
said, \"Up Yours Delors\".

00:23:07.500 --> 00:23:11.000
Then we encouraged
everybody, right,

00:23:11.000 --> 00:23:15.166
to, to leave their
place of work

00:23:15.166 --> 00:23:17.999
or their school
or their university,

00:23:17.999 --> 00:23:20.709
stand on the corner
at midday

00:23:20.709 --> 00:23:24.709
and shout out,
\"Up Yours Delors\".

00:23:24.709 --> 00:23:27.250
And you had to aim
towards France,

00:23:27.250 --> 00:23:28.000
wherever you were.

00:23:28.000 --> 00:23:31.250
So the idea, anyway,
all over the country

00:23:31.250 --> 00:23:33.583
people were coming out
their factories

00:23:33.583 --> 00:23:38.000
and they were all shout out,
\"Up yours Delors\".

00:23:38.000 --> 00:23:41.125
Up yours, Delors!

00:23:41.125 --> 00:23:43.709
(speaking French)

00:23:47.917 --> 00:23:49.333
For the French viewers of this,

00:23:49.333 --> 00:23:52.291
this is not hostility
towards France,

00:23:52.291 --> 00:23:55.291
it\'s hostility towards
anybody foreign.

00:23:55.291 --> 00:23:57.166
The Spanish would be uh,

00:23:57.166 --> 00:23:59.250
characterized as
incredibly lazy,

00:23:59.250 --> 00:24:01.750
the source of syphilis, uh,

00:24:01.750 --> 00:24:04.000
the Italians also cowardly,

00:24:04.000 --> 00:24:06.750
the Germans uh, brutal
and uh,

00:24:06.750 --> 00:24:09.625
still, essentially,
fighting World War II.

00:24:09.625 --> 00:24:11.875
I remember her stor-,
a story he ran

00:24:11.875 --> 00:24:14.625
about a German tourist
coach in London

00:24:14.625 --> 00:24:16.834
was involved in
a traffic accident

00:24:16.834 --> 00:24:20.500
and it killed an old person
crossing the road

00:24:20.500 --> 00:24:22.500
and the headline was
\"They Got Him in the End\"

00:24:22.500 --> 00:24:25.458
as though the Germans
were still fighting uh,

00:24:25.458 --> 00:24:26.417
World War II.

00:24:26.417 --> 00:24:29.458
It\'s all, again ga-,
cartoonish

00:24:29.458 --> 00:24:30.500
and comic bookish,

00:24:30.500 --> 00:24:33.500
some of it\'s quite funny
and witty in a way um,

00:24:33.500 --> 00:24:37.709
not all of it is vicious,
cold blooded racism.

00:24:37.709 --> 00:24:38.959
Uh, but um, you know,

00:24:38.959 --> 00:24:40.834
it\'s a kind of outlook on,
on the world

00:24:40.834 --> 00:24:42.041
that the British
are the best

00:24:42.041 --> 00:24:43.291
and there\'s no question
about that

00:24:43.291 --> 00:24:46.083
and all these foreigners are,
at best, suspicious

00:24:46.083 --> 00:24:52.000
and in many cases, you know,
worthy of contempt.

00:24:52.000 --> 00:24:53.999
Nationalism or xenophobia,
even,

00:24:53.999 --> 00:24:56.125
some British tabloids
have never bought

00:24:56.125 --> 00:24:59.208
displaying their
political leanings.

00:24:59.208 --> 00:25:04.333
♪

00:25:04.333 --> 00:25:06.125
But it was in early \'90s America

00:25:06.125 --> 00:25:07.834
that the tabloid press
would set out

00:25:07.834 --> 00:25:10.250
to bring down a young
and ambitious politician

00:25:10.250 --> 00:25:14.208
as his presidential campaign
was in full swing.

00:25:14.208 --> 00:25:16.625
♪

00:25:16.625 --> 00:25:19.250
There\'d been a couple of
very vague hints

00:25:19.250 --> 00:25:22.917
that Bill Clinton
was a player.

00:25:22.917 --> 00:25:26.959
We found some smoking guns
and we did a story,

00:25:26.959 --> 00:25:28.834
but then we would,

00:25:28.834 --> 00:25:31.250
had heard about someone
who was more than that

00:25:31.250 --> 00:25:34.000
and you know, had been
a more regular girlfriend

00:25:34.000 --> 00:25:36.166
and that she might be willing
to talk to us

00:25:36.166 --> 00:25:40.166
and so began the negotiation
with Gennifer Flowers.

00:25:40.166 --> 00:25:43.667
I wanted compensation
for my story.

00:25:43.667 --> 00:25:46.625
They were willing to pay so
it was a matter of negotiation

00:25:46.625 --> 00:25:47.250
for how much.

00:25:47.250 --> 00:25:50.208
You want the story,
they know you want the story,

00:25:50.208 --> 00:25:52.625
but at the same time
you don\'t want to pay the,

00:25:52.625 --> 00:25:54.291
the amount of money
that they\'re saying.

00:25:54.291 --> 00:25:57.083
So you know,
but the clock is ticking.

00:25:57.083 --> 00:26:00.750
It, the, the \"Star\" paid me
a decent amount of money.

00:26:00.750 --> 00:26:02.250
I signed a
confidentiality agreement

00:26:02.250 --> 00:26:05.500
that I would never disclose
that amount as did they.

00:26:05.500 --> 00:26:08.458
So I really can\'t say
what it was.

00:26:08.458 --> 00:26:12.583
It was $100,000.

00:26:12.583 --> 00:26:13.041
I think.

00:26:13.041 --> 00:26:15.875
I mean, I could double check
that but I think it was 100,000

00:26:15.875 --> 00:26:16.750
or thereabouts.

00:26:16.750 --> 00:26:18.375
It was a six figure contract.

00:26:18.375 --> 00:26:20.959
It\'s been quite a week for
Arkansas governor,

00:26:20.959 --> 00:26:21.625
Bill Clinton.

00:26:21.625 --> 00:26:24.500
On Monday his picture was on
the cover of \"Time\" magazine,

00:26:24.500 --> 00:26:26.875
anointed by the press
as the frontrunner

00:26:26.875 --> 00:26:28.792
for the Democratic
presidential nomination.

00:26:28.792 --> 00:26:33.000
Six days later he\'s trying
to salvage his campaign.

00:26:33.000 --> 00:26:33.709
His problem?

00:26:33.709 --> 00:26:36.291
Long rumored allegations
of marital infidelity

00:26:36.291 --> 00:26:38.999
finally surfaced in
a supermarket tabloid.

00:26:38.999 --> 00:26:40.875
Gennifer Flowers in
a tabloid interview

00:26:40.875 --> 00:26:43.583
for which she was paid
says she carried on

00:26:43.583 --> 00:26:45.709
a long term affair
with Governor Clinton

00:26:45.709 --> 00:26:49.542
from the late 1970s
through the end of 1989.

00:26:49.542 --> 00:26:52.999
Bill and Hillary went on
to \"60 Minutes\" which was,

00:26:52.999 --> 00:26:55.458
you know, is a very
prestigious show

00:26:55.458 --> 00:26:59.709
in the United States,
it was a news program on CBS,

00:26:59.709 --> 00:27:00.625
sat down with Steve Kroft

00:27:00.625 --> 00:27:03.583
who\'s one of the senior
correspondents

00:27:03.583 --> 00:27:06.792
and looked in the cameras
and dismissed this

00:27:06.792 --> 00:27:08.041
as a tabloid fiction.

00:27:08.041 --> 00:27:08.875
There was no follow up.

00:27:08.875 --> 00:27:11.875
He didn\'t question
their denial.

00:27:11.875 --> 00:27:15.542
She\'s alleging and has
described in some detail

00:27:15.542 --> 00:27:18.291
in a supermarket tabloid
what she calls

00:27:18.291 --> 00:27:21.166
a 12 year affair with you.

00:27:21.166 --> 00:27:26.375
It, that allegation is false.

00:27:26.375 --> 00:27:28.750
Sit down, amateurs!

00:27:28.750 --> 00:27:31.208
As a result of that
\"60 Minutes\" show

00:27:31.208 --> 00:27:32.625
with Bill and Hillary

00:27:32.625 --> 00:27:34.959
the \"Star\" folks came to me
and said,

00:27:34.959 --> 00:27:36.667
\"We wanna hold a
press conference,

00:27:36.667 --> 00:27:37.959
you need to get out there,

00:27:37.959 --> 00:27:39.917
let people get to know you.

00:27:39.917 --> 00:27:41.458
Hear your side of the story.

00:27:41.458 --> 00:27:44.000
Realize that you\'re
telling the truth

00:27:44.000 --> 00:27:45.291
and that they\'re not.\"

00:27:45.291 --> 00:27:48.709
Animals, they\'re all animals.

00:27:48.709 --> 00:27:51.458
Did Governor Clinton
use a condom?

00:27:51.458 --> 00:27:52.417
Jesus.

00:27:52.417 --> 00:27:55.458
Right here.

00:27:56.792 --> 00:27:57.417
Right here.

00:27:57.417 --> 00:28:01.834
My, my life changed completely
after the \"Star\"

00:28:01.834 --> 00:28:03.083
broke the story.

00:28:03.083 --> 00:28:05.417
What I realized was that I
was not gonna be able

00:28:05.417 --> 00:28:10.041
to pursue the avenues
and venues for performance

00:28:10.041 --> 00:28:11.834
that I had previously.

00:28:11.834 --> 00:28:13.999
Because the reporters
would have been

00:28:13.999 --> 00:28:14.750
all over me there.

00:28:14.750 --> 00:28:18.000
And it wasn\'t real likely that
I was gonna be hired.

00:28:18.000 --> 00:28:23.959
So I was approached by
other media sources and uh,

00:28:23.959 --> 00:28:26.417
I did cooperate
with some of those

00:28:26.417 --> 00:28:28.000
in reference to my story.

00:28:28.000 --> 00:28:30.417
Um, I went on to do \"Penthouse\".

00:28:30.417 --> 00:28:48.125
♪

00:28:48.125 --> 00:28:52.500
One character told the truth
in a tabloid and ended up naked,

00:28:52.500 --> 00:28:55.250
the other lied on
a serious TV show

00:28:55.250 --> 00:28:59.041
and was elected president.

00:28:59.041 --> 00:29:00.291
The moral of the tale?

00:29:00.291 --> 00:29:01.834
The tabloids were
once again seen

00:29:01.834 --> 00:29:04.333
as the distant,
contemptible cousins

00:29:04.333 --> 00:29:06.375
of the mainstream press.

00:29:06.375 --> 00:29:09.166
But it was another scandal
that would change relations

00:29:09.166 --> 00:29:12.000
between the two
types of press.

00:29:12.000 --> 00:29:13.583
One day in June 1994

00:29:13.583 --> 00:29:16.458
a beautiful blonde was found
in a pool of blood.

00:29:16.458 --> 00:29:18.875
Her husband, American
football player and actor,

00:29:18.875 --> 00:29:23.166
OJ Simpson, was immediately
the prime suspect.

00:29:23.166 --> 00:29:33.667
♪

00:29:33.667 --> 00:29:34.375
Oh, my God.

00:29:34.375 --> 00:29:38.709
The OJ Simpson story was
such a huge story to America

00:29:38.709 --> 00:29:42.125
and to the tabloids because
it had everything.

00:29:42.125 --> 00:29:44.291
It had a beautiful blonde.

00:29:44.291 --> 00:29:45.542
It had celebrities.

00:29:45.542 --> 00:29:49.125
It had giant piles
of money.

00:29:49.125 --> 00:29:51.041
All star black athlete.

00:29:51.041 --> 00:29:52.667
Drugs, alcohol.

00:29:52.667 --> 00:29:55.333
It had sex, it had drugs.

00:29:55.333 --> 00:29:58.166
Beautiful neighborhoods,
beautiful people.

00:29:58.166 --> 00:29:59.250
And it had murder.

00:29:59.250 --> 00:30:03.375
This was like a perfect storm
of tabloid stuff.

00:30:03.375 --> 00:30:06.417
And people just, people
were skipping work

00:30:06.417 --> 00:30:07.417
so they could watch this.

00:30:07.417 --> 00:30:08.999
It was like the World Cup.

00:30:08.999 --> 00:30:11.709
It was the World Cup of
tabloids.

00:30:11.709 --> 00:30:20.999
♪

00:30:20.999 --> 00:30:26.250
During the OJ Simpson trial
you had the tabloids and,

00:30:26.250 --> 00:30:27.792
in particular, the
\"National Enquirer\"

00:30:27.792 --> 00:30:32.500
competing directly against
mainstream media, com-,

00:30:32.500 --> 00:30:37.792
competing directly
against NBC, ABC,

00:30:37.792 --> 00:30:41.583
CNN, CBS, \"New York Times\",

00:30:41.583 --> 00:30:44.458
\"Washington Post\",
\"Los Angeles Times\".

00:30:44.458 --> 00:30:49.458
And much to the chagrin
of the mainstream media

00:30:49.458 --> 00:30:52.125
they found out how good
the tabloids were,

00:30:52.125 --> 00:30:53.333
they found out how good

00:30:53.333 --> 00:30:55.250
the \"National Enquirer\"
reporting was.

00:30:55.250 --> 00:30:59.250
So that got us the respect
of the mainstream media.

00:30:59.250 --> 00:31:02.166
Never before that
would they have done

00:31:02.166 --> 00:31:03.750
a celebrity on the front page,

00:31:03.750 --> 00:31:05.625
but OJ ended up being on
the front page

00:31:05.625 --> 00:31:09.250
of the newspapers for weeks,
for weeks.

00:31:09.250 --> 00:31:11.166
When, when the verdict
came down

00:31:11.166 --> 00:31:13.542
and the verdict
was not guilty um,

00:31:13.542 --> 00:31:18.291
there was probably three pages
of all OJ in the newspapers.

00:31:18.291 --> 00:31:21.542
And that was also unprecedented,
but now, all of a sudden,

00:31:21.542 --> 00:31:25.333
it was okay to do celebrity news
in regular newspapers.

00:31:25.333 --> 00:31:30.208
Our thrust from day one was
does this story sell,

00:31:30.208 --> 00:31:32.166
does this story sell.

00:31:32.166 --> 00:31:34.000
Can you market the story?

00:31:34.000 --> 00:31:36.625
Does the story have a headline?

00:31:36.625 --> 00:31:37.917
And we were doing great,
we were,

00:31:37.917 --> 00:31:40.458
we were hitting home runs
all the time.

00:31:40.458 --> 00:31:41.250
So the mainstream media

00:31:41.250 --> 00:31:42.834
started getting into
that formula.

00:31:42.834 --> 00:31:46.000
They started going
with stronger headlines,

00:31:46.000 --> 00:31:49.458
looking to present stories

00:31:49.458 --> 00:31:51.999
that would sell more
to the audience

00:31:51.999 --> 00:31:56.959
rather than be the information
or the real news of the day.

00:31:56.959 --> 00:32:00.333
So they were taking a page out
of the tabloid book

00:32:00.333 --> 00:32:02.291
and saying hey, we\'re gonna
start covering

00:32:02.291 --> 00:32:05.834
the same material that
the tabloids cover.

00:32:05.834 --> 00:32:09.750
♪

00:32:09.750 --> 00:32:11.834
With the mainstream press
sometimes hunting

00:32:11.834 --> 00:32:13.542
on the turf of
the tabloids,

00:32:13.542 --> 00:32:15.083
they were even more tempted
to stretch

00:32:15.083 --> 00:32:17.083
their own boundaries
of decency,

00:32:17.083 --> 00:32:21.333
notably in chasing
celebrities.

00:32:21.333 --> 00:32:24.875
None of them would be more
tracked than Lady Diana.

00:32:24.875 --> 00:32:27.041
The emancipated princess
and global icon

00:32:27.041 --> 00:32:30.709
was stalked by the telephoto
lens of the paparazzi,

00:32:30.709 --> 00:32:31.709
sometimes playing with them,

00:32:31.709 --> 00:32:36.458
producing a story that was
served over and over again.

00:32:36.458 --> 00:32:37.750
♪

00:32:37.750 --> 00:32:41.999
If you have nothing to put on
the page one of your paper,

00:32:41.999 --> 00:32:44.083
literally there is no news
of any interest,

00:32:44.083 --> 00:32:47.583
you can\'t think of any stunt
or clever idea,

00:32:47.583 --> 00:32:51.333
then what you do is you simply
get the pic-,

00:32:51.333 --> 00:32:54.125
yesterday\'s picture
of Diana

00:32:54.125 --> 00:32:55.667
and make it as big
as possible.

00:32:55.667 --> 00:32:58.709
One of my first jobs on
a tabloid newspaper

00:32:58.709 --> 00:33:00.917
was transcribing
the squidgy tape.

00:33:00.917 --> 00:33:03.375
So I was giving a tape and
the squidgy tape

00:33:03.375 --> 00:33:05.959
is a tape recording of
Princess Diana

00:33:05.959 --> 00:33:07.291
talking to her lover uh,

00:33:07.291 --> 00:33:10.041
saying, \"Oh, darling, you make
me go all squidgy\".

00:33:10.041 --> 00:33:12.250
And uh, it\'s a long
conversation,

00:33:12.250 --> 00:33:14.000
it took me a long time to
type it all out,

00:33:14.000 --> 00:33:15.625
and not only did we
type it all out,

00:33:15.625 --> 00:33:19.750
we put it on a telephone message
that you had to pay for

00:33:19.750 --> 00:33:20.417
to listen to.

00:33:20.417 --> 00:33:21.709
So all your readers
could read it

00:33:21.709 --> 00:33:24.750
and then ring up and pay
one pound fifty a minute

00:33:24.750 --> 00:33:25.375
to listen to it.

00:33:25.375 --> 00:33:26.166
She was everything,

00:33:26.166 --> 00:33:28.166
she was a one woman
industry.

00:33:28.166 --> 00:33:30.208
I was very lucky, I had this
friend of mine

00:33:30.208 --> 00:33:31.709
who was an Italian gentleman,

00:33:31.709 --> 00:33:35.834
a count in Antigua,
a Roman aristocrat

00:33:35.834 --> 00:33:38.999
who worked, he run a hotel
in Antigua,

00:33:38.999 --> 00:33:41.667
was very well connected
with all this

00:33:41.667 --> 00:33:44.834
and he was my source
for Princess Diana.

00:33:44.834 --> 00:33:47.999
Every time she used to
come to Bermuda

00:33:47.999 --> 00:33:49.875
he used to tell me a day
or two in advance

00:33:49.875 --> 00:33:50.750
that she was arriving.

00:33:50.750 --> 00:33:53.500
And actually I thought I was
going to do all my life with it,

00:33:53.500 --> 00:33:57.000
I never thought that she
would die so tragically.

00:33:57.000 --> 00:33:59.041
I remember my mother used
to tell me, \"Michael,

00:33:59.041 --> 00:34:01.500
what are you gonna live when
you\'re my age now, 54?\"

00:34:01.500 --> 00:34:04.542
\"Well, I have Princess Diana
who goes to Bermuda

00:34:04.542 --> 00:34:05.583
and I have it control.\"

00:34:05.583 --> 00:34:09.542
But imagine how life
turns around, no?

00:34:15.625 --> 00:34:20.333
I remember the day when uh,
Lady Diana died.

00:34:20.333 --> 00:34:22.583
Uh, it was incredible.

00:34:22.583 --> 00:34:24.583
It was like a military coup.

00:34:24.583 --> 00:34:26.667
And \"The Sun\" was blamed,

00:34:26.667 --> 00:34:28.000
I mean, now you had a mob.

00:34:28.000 --> 00:34:29.959
The kind of mob, the,
\"The Sun\", in a way,

00:34:29.959 --> 00:34:33.291
had specialized in generating
in, in its uh,

00:34:33.291 --> 00:34:36.750
in its negative coverage of uh,
ethnic minorities and whatever.

00:34:36.750 --> 00:34:41.333
Now this mob were now turning
their intention on \"The Sun\".

00:34:41.333 --> 00:34:44.208
It would appear that every
proprietor and editor

00:34:44.208 --> 00:34:45.583
of every publication
that has paid

00:34:45.583 --> 00:34:49.208
for intrusive and exploitative
photographs of her,

00:34:49.208 --> 00:34:51.208
encouraging greedy
and ruthless individuals

00:34:51.208 --> 00:34:54.625
to risk everything in pursuit
of Diana\'s image

00:34:54.625 --> 00:34:56.667
has blood on his hands today.

00:34:56.667 --> 00:34:59.333
Meanwhile,
unfortunately,

00:34:59.333 --> 00:35:03.000
Princess Di dies
on the weekend.

00:35:03.000 --> 00:35:04.875
The \"National Enquirer\"
had gone to press

00:35:04.875 --> 00:35:09.500
the previous week
with a cover story that said,

00:35:09.500 --> 00:35:13.542
\"Sex Mad Di,
I Can\'t Get Enough\".

00:35:13.542 --> 00:35:16.291
That story,
we couldn\'t stop it.

00:35:16.291 --> 00:35:20.000
That story hit
the stands the Monday

00:35:20.000 --> 00:35:21.750
after her weekend death.

00:35:21.750 --> 00:35:23.542
So we got excoriated.

00:35:23.542 --> 00:35:28.834
We had people throwing
our newspapers onto the ground,

00:35:28.834 --> 00:35:31.917
we had the retailers throwing
them out of their shops,

00:35:31.917 --> 00:35:35.999
we had the celebrities
on TV attacking us

00:35:35.999 --> 00:35:40.166
24/7, literally standing
on Princess Di\'s coffin

00:35:40.166 --> 00:35:43.834
blaming the \"National Enquirer\"
for her death.

00:35:43.834 --> 00:35:47.000
You\'re in a car,
you\'re going faster and faster

00:35:47.000 --> 00:35:48.792
to try and get away
from them.

00:35:48.792 --> 00:35:51.917
They can shoot through
darkened windows.

00:35:51.917 --> 00:35:56.458
And you end up in a corner
of the car.

00:35:56.458 --> 00:35:59.959
And she must have known
such fear.

00:35:59.959 --> 00:36:02.291
It makes me so angry.

00:36:02.291 --> 00:36:04.999
Very bad time for
the \"National Enquirer\".

00:36:04.999 --> 00:36:10.125
We lost 40% of our sales
overnight.

00:36:10.125 --> 00:36:13.583
We lost millions in
circulation overnight.

00:36:13.583 --> 00:36:15.083
A real tragedy uh,

00:36:15.083 --> 00:36:18.542
an economic tragedy for
freelance journalists.

00:36:18.542 --> 00:36:23.542
My accountant uh, said
most paparazzi on his books,

00:36:23.542 --> 00:36:28.333
their salaries before Diana died
were about 150,000 a year,

00:36:28.333 --> 00:36:30.709
after, 50.

00:36:30.709 --> 00:36:36.583
♪

00:36:36.583 --> 00:36:41.291
What would have been
a huge sale um,

00:36:41.291 --> 00:36:43.875
was very disappointing.

00:36:43.875 --> 00:36:47.500
You know, so I think
it did have some,

00:36:47.500 --> 00:36:48.166
some effect.

00:36:48.166 --> 00:36:51.542
Uh, I, I don\'t know how
lasting it was or whether,

00:36:51.542 --> 00:36:54.834
you know, whether it just
was part of something

00:36:54.834 --> 00:36:58.542
that was inevitable anyway,
that was a decline in.

00:36:58.542 --> 00:37:03.750
But...

00:37:03.750 --> 00:37:05.083
Yeah, I mean I,
I think,

00:37:05.083 --> 00:37:06.834
I don\'t know, I mean,
I think a lot of people

00:37:06.834 --> 00:37:09.417
will point to that as like
the beginning of the end

00:37:09.417 --> 00:37:10.166
for the tabloids,

00:37:10.166 --> 00:37:13.375
or the tabloids as they were.

00:37:13.375 --> 00:37:15.834
Um, after she died uh,

00:37:15.834 --> 00:37:17.834
very first day back
in the office,

00:37:17.834 --> 00:37:19.750
everything had changed.

00:37:19.750 --> 00:37:20.583
Car chases were out,

00:37:20.583 --> 00:37:22.542
all the photographers
had to wear suits

00:37:22.542 --> 00:37:23.999
so they didn\'t look like
paprazzi,

00:37:23.999 --> 00:37:26.875
and we\'re serious
professional photographers now,

00:37:26.875 --> 00:37:28.625
you\'re not papps.

00:37:28.625 --> 00:37:29.542
And it was no longer fun.

00:37:29.542 --> 00:37:33.834
And um, \"News of the World\"
became a much more serious,

00:37:33.834 --> 00:37:38.125
we almost tried to compensate
by doing serious uh,

00:37:38.125 --> 00:37:39.834
investigations in
the public interest

00:37:39.834 --> 00:37:44.500
and we went into naming
and shaming of pedophiles

00:37:44.500 --> 00:37:46.834
and areas like that that
were not fun at all,

00:37:46.834 --> 00:37:47.667
I didn\'t like it,

00:37:47.667 --> 00:37:50.625
it wasn\'t what
I wanted to do uh,

00:37:50.625 --> 00:37:54.208
I wanted to have a fun,
exciting, glamorous,

00:37:54.208 --> 00:37:55.000
international life.

00:37:55.000 --> 00:37:57.542
And following Diana
gave you that life.

00:37:57.542 --> 00:38:00.875
And then when she died
it all ended.

00:38:00.875 --> 00:38:04.166
♪

00:38:04.166 --> 00:38:07.000
The profession was no longer
what it had been

00:38:07.000 --> 00:38:08.583
and as sales
were falling,

00:38:08.583 --> 00:38:10.041
the tabloids needed
new stars

00:38:10.041 --> 00:38:11.999
to get the machine
rolling again

00:38:11.999 --> 00:38:15.000
and give readers
their daily dose.

00:38:15.000 --> 00:38:16.041
♪

00:38:16.041 --> 00:38:18.750
♪ Unknown ♪

00:38:18.750 --> 00:38:23.709
♪ Talk to unknown ♪

00:38:23.709 --> 00:38:26.583
♪ Ever ♪

00:38:26.583 --> 00:38:30.166
♪ Lasts forever ♪

00:38:30.166 --> 00:38:34.208
♪ Oh, it\'s a shock, shock ♪

00:38:34.208 --> 00:38:38.000
♪ To your soft side ♪

00:38:38.000 --> 00:38:40.083
♪ Some are mean ♪

00:38:40.083 --> 00:38:41.291
But skimpily clad starlets

00:38:41.291 --> 00:38:43.250
who end up in rehab
or a courtroom

00:38:43.250 --> 00:38:49.750
cannot compare
to those who came before them.

00:38:49.750 --> 00:38:52.959
♪ In my room ♪

00:38:52.959 --> 00:38:54.542
I think true celebrities,

00:38:54.542 --> 00:38:56.000
the old Hollywood sheen,
the old,

00:38:56.000 --> 00:38:58.458
the Marilyn Monroes
and the Carey Grants,

00:38:58.458 --> 00:39:01.583
they were, they\'re held up
as being the true

00:39:01.583 --> 00:39:02.542
sort of proper celebrities.

00:39:02.542 --> 00:39:05.375
We can\'t ever have that kind
of celebrity again

00:39:05.375 --> 00:39:08.083
because now we know what
color pants they wear.

00:39:08.083 --> 00:39:12.250
Well, yeah, I mean Jackie O.
famously had a court order

00:39:12.250 --> 00:39:14.625
against Ron Galella,
the paparazzo,

00:39:14.625 --> 00:39:15.500
to stay away from her.

00:39:15.500 --> 00:39:18.250
And so you\'ve gone
from celebrities

00:39:18.250 --> 00:39:20.125
that were doing anything
they could

00:39:20.125 --> 00:39:21.083
to avoid being photographed

00:39:21.083 --> 00:39:26.041
to celebrities who have
taken it to the other extreme

00:39:26.041 --> 00:39:29.000
and they are not doing anything
without being photographed.

00:39:29.000 --> 00:39:31.542
As a show biz journalist
instead of following

00:39:31.542 --> 00:39:33.208
these rock stars
and film stars

00:39:33.208 --> 00:39:35.375
that you kind of want
to be following

00:39:35.375 --> 00:39:38.083
you end up following some
girl from Newcastle

00:39:38.083 --> 00:39:40.125
who was on a TV show
and has massive boobs

00:39:40.125 --> 00:39:42.750
and that\'s the only reason
she\'s famous.

00:39:42.750 --> 00:39:45.917
But they are so desperate
to be in the newspapers it,

00:39:45.917 --> 00:39:46.917
it changed slightly, I think.

00:39:46.917 --> 00:39:49.291
It changed the way that
show biz journalism worked

00:39:49.291 --> 00:39:50.792
because you suddenly
had people

00:39:50.792 --> 00:39:52.333
who were desperate
to talk to you

00:39:52.333 --> 00:39:54.583
and would do anything to
get themselves

00:39:54.583 --> 00:39:56.667
into the papers.

00:39:56.667 --> 00:39:57.625
Glossy magazines,

00:39:57.625 --> 00:39:59.792
an extension of
traditional tabloids,

00:39:59.792 --> 00:40:02.333
started multiplying
with page after page

00:40:02.333 --> 00:40:04.125
telling the tales
of those seeking

00:40:04.125 --> 00:40:06.542
their 15 minutes of fame.

00:40:06.542 --> 00:40:08.625
From Germany to South Africa,

00:40:08.625 --> 00:40:09.542
Denmark to Chile,

00:40:09.542 --> 00:40:10.166
Mexico to Poland

00:40:10.166 --> 00:40:15.709
the entire planet gobbles up
this new, tasteless mythology.

00:40:15.709 --> 00:40:17.999
And to hell with local
customs and morals.

00:40:17.999 --> 00:40:21.999
Whether they\'re published by
the Italian group Mondadori,

00:40:21.999 --> 00:40:23.166
the German group Bauer,

00:40:23.166 --> 00:40:24.834
the French group La Galder

00:40:24.834 --> 00:40:25.792
or by the Anglo Saxons,

00:40:25.792 --> 00:40:27.792
all these magazines
serve the same menu

00:40:27.792 --> 00:40:32.125
and use the same codes,
same colors, same motifs.

00:40:32.125 --> 00:40:34.500
♪

00:40:34.500 --> 00:40:36.417
But this paper format
is now being surpassed

00:40:36.417 --> 00:40:39.875
by a faster, cheaper,
and more direct medium

00:40:39.875 --> 00:40:43.709
which is cutting into
the tabloids\' territory.

00:40:43.709 --> 00:40:47.375
This is a huge, new,
luscious tabloid

00:40:47.375 --> 00:40:48.458
called the internet.

00:40:48.458 --> 00:40:51.417
Basically it gives you
the sort of content

00:40:51.417 --> 00:40:55.583
that you could only
once have gone from um,

00:40:55.583 --> 00:40:56.834
a tabloid newspaper.

00:40:56.834 --> 00:40:59.959
Political bias,
soft pornography,

00:40:59.959 --> 00:41:02.250
strange, funny
old world stories

00:41:02.250 --> 00:41:04.792
about two headed babies,
UFOs.

00:41:04.792 --> 00:41:06.500
I mean, you just
switch on the computer

00:41:06.500 --> 00:41:07.375
and it\'s all there,

00:41:07.375 --> 00:41:09.500
there\'s no need to
go out in the rain

00:41:09.500 --> 00:41:15.166
to go buy a copy of
a tabloid newspaper anymore.

00:41:15.166 --> 00:41:19.041
And now TMZ Presents, look,
let\'s just get to it.

00:41:19.041 --> 00:41:21.959
This chick has two vaginas!

00:41:21.959 --> 00:41:23.875
I was 18 before I found out.

00:41:23.875 --> 00:41:25.125
I love this story.

00:41:25.125 --> 00:41:25.875
I love it, too.

00:41:25.875 --> 00:41:26.709
Two vaginas!

00:41:26.709 --> 00:41:29.458
And she just got
a million dollar porn offer.

00:41:29.458 --> 00:41:32.000
Gossip sites have been
pushing the envelope

00:41:32.000 --> 00:41:34.834
a little harder than
newspapers and tabloids.

00:41:34.834 --> 00:41:39.250
While newspapers and tabloids
are scared out of their wits

00:41:39.250 --> 00:41:39.959
of being sued,

00:41:39.959 --> 00:41:42.959
and having to spend hundreds
of thousands of dollars

00:41:42.959 --> 00:41:45.583
on a lawsuit that
they might win,

00:41:45.583 --> 00:41:48.583
the web is given
more leeway right now

00:41:48.583 --> 00:41:53.999
because the internet
is so fast paced and so quick

00:41:53.999 --> 00:41:58.417
and there\'s so much competition
that the courts, so far,

00:41:58.417 --> 00:42:01.041
have given more leeway
and they take that

00:42:01.041 --> 00:42:01.875
into consideration.

00:42:01.875 --> 00:42:05.458
Whereas a newspaper you have
24 hours to make a newspaper

00:42:05.458 --> 00:42:07.291
so you should be
thinking really hard

00:42:07.291 --> 00:42:08.834
about what you\'re doing.

00:42:08.834 --> 00:42:16.959
♪

00:42:16.959 --> 00:42:18.542
As though the internet
weren\'t enough

00:42:18.542 --> 00:42:20.166
to bring down
the tabloids,

00:42:20.166 --> 00:42:22.750
a new scandal would
bring them to their knees.

00:42:22.750 --> 00:42:27.250
The explosive revelations
in 2011 of cell phone hacking

00:42:27.250 --> 00:42:32.999
which had been going on
since the early 2000s.

00:42:32.999 --> 00:42:35.250
Those directly implicated
included two

00:42:35.250 --> 00:42:37.375
of Rupert Murdoch\'s
collaborators,

00:42:37.375 --> 00:42:40.250
both former chief editors
of \"News of the World\",

00:42:40.250 --> 00:42:43.875
Rebecca Brooks
and Andy Coulson.

00:42:43.875 --> 00:42:49.917
♪

00:42:49.917 --> 00:42:53.333
Both found themselves targets
of photographers\' lenses

00:42:53.333 --> 00:42:56.792
and were given a taste
of their own medicine.

00:42:56.792 --> 00:43:14.750
♪

00:43:14.750 --> 00:43:16.750
\"The Guardian\" also revealed
that \"News of the World\"

00:43:16.750 --> 00:43:20.583
had hacked into the cell phone
of 13 year old Milly Dowler

00:43:20.583 --> 00:43:24.542
to try to find out more
on her disappearance.

00:43:24.542 --> 00:43:27.750
♪

00:43:27.750 --> 00:43:29.792
But by erasing a certain
number of messages

00:43:29.792 --> 00:43:33.583
the tabloid\'s reporters gave
the false hope to her family

00:43:33.583 --> 00:43:37.583
that she was still alive.

00:43:37.583 --> 00:43:39.500
A game change was Milly Dowler.

00:43:39.500 --> 00:43:42.417
Because that hit a nerve
of the public

00:43:42.417 --> 00:43:44.625
in the same way
as Lady Di had.

00:43:44.625 --> 00:43:46.709
So there was no way
back from that

00:43:46.709 --> 00:43:50.083
and that\'s why Murdoch made
his famous appearance,

00:43:50.083 --> 00:43:52.375
said that he was
humiliated by it,

00:43:52.375 --> 00:43:56.333
because here they had
attacked um, essentially,

00:43:56.333 --> 00:44:00.458
the morals and values of
their own core audience.

00:44:00.458 --> 00:44:03.166
These, these actions do not
live up to the standards

00:44:03.166 --> 00:44:06.792
that our company aspires to
everywhere around the world

00:44:06.792 --> 00:44:10.500
and it is our determination
to both put things right,

00:44:10.500 --> 00:44:12.999
make sure these things
don\'t happen again,

00:44:12.999 --> 00:44:15.834
and to be the company
that I know

00:44:15.834 --> 00:44:18.875
we\'ve always
aspired to be.

00:44:18.875 --> 00:44:19.625
One sentence.

00:44:19.625 --> 00:44:23.458
This is the most humble day
of my life.

00:44:23.458 --> 00:44:27.125
I think Murdoch was
completely insincere um,

00:44:27.125 --> 00:44:29.792
this was just
something he had to do.

00:44:29.792 --> 00:44:33.999
Uh, it would have been
carefully scripted, I imagine.

00:44:33.999 --> 00:44:37.667
Um, in order to get the
company off the hook.

00:44:37.667 --> 00:44:40.333
It was inevitable
that some reporters

00:44:40.333 --> 00:44:42.709
would break ranks and
eventually tell the truth and,

00:44:42.709 --> 00:44:46.208
of course, we now know others
have pleaded guilty

00:44:46.208 --> 00:44:47.667
and admitted that they did it.

00:44:47.667 --> 00:44:52.041
In 2009 uh, a \"Guardian\"
journalist,

00:44:52.041 --> 00:44:53.417
most boring paper
in the world,

00:44:53.417 --> 00:44:55.917
who\'d been ringing me up
for a year saying,

00:44:55.917 --> 00:44:59.250
\"Look, please go public
on phone hacking

00:44:59.250 --> 00:45:00.041
and going through bins,

00:45:00.041 --> 00:45:02.375
and all the semi legal
gray area

00:45:02.375 --> 00:45:06.208
and blatantly completely
illegal areas,\"

00:45:06.208 --> 00:45:08.417
um, and I said no.

00:45:08.417 --> 00:45:11.709
Uh, and then I ended up
buying a pub

00:45:11.709 --> 00:45:12.792
and it was a bit quiet,

00:45:12.792 --> 00:45:14.750
and I wanted to drum up
a bit of publicity

00:45:14.750 --> 00:45:18.333
and that particular morning
he rang me up and I said,

00:45:18.333 --> 00:45:20.500
\"Oh, bollocks,
if you put my pub

00:45:20.500 --> 00:45:22.000
on the front page
of the \"Guardian\"

00:45:22.000 --> 00:45:23.583
you can say what you like.\"

00:45:23.583 --> 00:45:24.625
And it was almost a joke.

00:45:24.625 --> 00:45:28.792
And uh, then he put it on
the front page of \"Guardian\"

00:45:28.792 --> 00:45:34.417
with uh, \"Executive Reveals
Secret Deals\" and so on,

00:45:34.417 --> 00:45:37.083
that was rife at
\"News of the World\".

00:45:37.083 --> 00:45:40.834
And that um, for me,
that started,

00:45:40.834 --> 00:45:41.750
I mean there\'s a whole,

00:45:41.750 --> 00:45:44.333
it\'s like an explosion
was waiting to go off

00:45:44.333 --> 00:45:46.583
but someone just
had to light it.

00:45:51.542 --> 00:45:53.917
On November the 29th, 2011

00:45:53.917 --> 00:45:56.750
Paul McMullan testified
at the public inquiry

00:45:56.750 --> 00:45:59.417
into press practices.

00:45:59.417 --> 00:46:02.125
Did your editors know

00:46:02.125 --> 00:46:05.625
that voicemails
were being intercepted?

00:46:05.625 --> 00:46:06.834
Yes.

00:46:06.834 --> 00:46:09.792
We did all these things
for our editors,

00:46:09.792 --> 00:46:12.917
for Rebecca Brookes
and for Andy Coulson.

00:46:12.917 --> 00:46:15.959
Phone hacking is a perfectly
acceptable tool

00:46:15.959 --> 00:46:17.542
given the sacrifices
that we make

00:46:17.542 --> 00:46:22.041
if all we are trying to do
is to get uh,

00:46:22.041 --> 00:46:22.834
get to the truth.

00:46:22.834 --> 00:46:26.999
The oddity of Paul McMullan
is not only does he admit it,

00:46:26.999 --> 00:46:29.250
but he doesn\'t think
it was wrong to do it.

00:46:29.250 --> 00:46:30.333
So he\'s a unique
whistleblower

00:46:30.333 --> 00:46:33.000
because he\'s not saying,
\"I\'m sorry\"

00:46:33.000 --> 00:46:35.333
he\'s saying, \"Look, I did it.

00:46:35.333 --> 00:46:36.083
I\'m proud\".

00:46:36.083 --> 00:46:38.041
Ninety percent
of people in Dover,

00:46:38.041 --> 00:46:39.000
which is quite a poor town,

00:46:39.000 --> 00:46:41.417
would swap their lives
with Brad Pitt

00:46:41.417 --> 00:46:43.834
and Hugh Grant in
a flash if you said,

00:46:43.834 --> 00:46:45.458
\"Oh, well,
you might be phone hacked.\"

00:46:45.458 --> 00:46:46.375
It\'s like, \"Yeah, what?

00:46:46.375 --> 00:46:50.417
They get five million quid
a movie, who cares?\"

00:46:50.417 --> 00:46:51.625
No one cares about them at all.

00:46:51.625 --> 00:46:53.875
People only cared
about Milly Dowler,

00:46:53.875 --> 00:46:56.625
the little girl who
was killed by a man

00:46:56.625 --> 00:46:58.166
who hit her on the head
with a hammer.

00:46:58.166 --> 00:47:01.999
Now, I don\'t think it was
wrong to hack her phone, either,

00:47:01.999 --> 00:47:05.125
because um, well,
technically she was dead

00:47:05.125 --> 00:47:07.375
so I don\'t think
it was a crime um,

00:47:07.375 --> 00:47:11.208
and secondly the police were
being utterly incompetent

00:47:11.208 --> 00:47:12.375
at finding her,

00:47:12.375 --> 00:47:13.999
and they had no leads,

00:47:13.999 --> 00:47:16.917
and journalists had better
leads at finding the girl

00:47:16.917 --> 00:47:19.875
when we thought she was missing
than the police did.

00:47:19.875 --> 00:47:22.500
The end of a long period.

00:47:22.500 --> 00:47:26.500
Phone hacking should be seen
not as an aberration,

00:47:26.500 --> 00:47:30.458
which is what editors sometimes
now excuse it as,

00:47:30.458 --> 00:47:34.917
but as the culmination
of whole period

00:47:34.917 --> 00:47:39.500
of intrusive behavior
into people\'s privacy.

00:47:39.500 --> 00:47:43.291
Privacy is the space
that bad people need

00:47:43.291 --> 00:47:45.333
to do bad things in.

00:47:45.333 --> 00:47:45.999
No one needs it.

00:47:45.999 --> 00:47:49.166
I mean, Jesus Christ
didn\'t need privacy,

00:47:49.166 --> 00:47:50.583
He needed publicity.

00:47:50.583 --> 00:47:52.542
Adolf Hitler,
on the other hand,

00:47:52.542 --> 00:47:53.417
needed privacy.

00:47:53.417 --> 00:47:55.041
And um, so it\'s a bad thing.

00:47:55.041 --> 00:47:57.333
People have to understand
that privacy

00:47:57.333 --> 00:48:01.834
is an evil, bad concept.

00:48:03.583 --> 00:48:08.208
♪

00:48:08.208 --> 00:48:10.500
It was with this type
of twisted argument

00:48:10.500 --> 00:48:13.792
that the tabloids dug
their own graves.

00:48:13.792 --> 00:48:18.375
In 2011, 43 years after
being bought by Rupert Murdoch,

00:48:18.375 --> 00:48:19.999
the personnel of
\"News of the World\"

00:48:19.999 --> 00:48:22.417
put out the last issue
of the newspaper

00:48:22.417 --> 00:48:25.041
before its definitive closure.

00:48:25.041 --> 00:49:00.291
♪

00:49:00.291 --> 00:49:03.583
\"The Sun\" whose sales
have steadily fallen,

00:49:03.583 --> 00:49:06.417
is living on borrowed time.

00:49:06.417 --> 00:49:09.875
Its famous Page 3,
a British institution,

00:49:09.875 --> 00:49:11.500
is now contested.

00:49:11.500 --> 00:49:15.542
Even some of the page\'s
founding fathers and mothers

00:49:15.542 --> 00:49:17.875
have turned against it.

00:49:17.875 --> 00:49:20.959
I think full on nudity
in a daily newspaper

00:49:20.959 --> 00:49:26.291
that children can see on the
coffee table in the morning

00:49:26.291 --> 00:49:29.041
is not a good image to portray,

00:49:29.041 --> 00:49:30.792
and I am against it.

00:49:30.792 --> 00:49:37.291
What we saw was revolutionary
and radical back in the 1970s

00:49:37.291 --> 00:49:39.667
looks, at this end
of the spectrum,

00:49:39.667 --> 00:49:43.291
to um, really be the wrong
thing to be doing,

00:49:43.291 --> 00:49:45.208
it objectifies women.

00:49:45.208 --> 00:49:49.542
♪

00:49:49.542 --> 00:49:50.417
On Fleet Street,

00:49:50.417 --> 00:49:52.000
once the mecca
of the tabloids,

00:49:52.000 --> 00:49:55.875
only traces remain
of its former splendor.

00:49:55.875 --> 00:49:59.417
The newspapers have moved
to the outskirts.

00:49:59.417 --> 00:50:01.709
♪

00:50:01.709 --> 00:50:04.959
Instead of the numerous pubs
that welcomed journalists

00:50:04.959 --> 00:50:06.000
day and night,

00:50:06.000 --> 00:50:09.999
there are now banks or global
fast food chain outlets.

00:50:09.999 --> 00:50:15.250
♪

00:50:15.250 --> 00:50:19.125
It\'s a bit sad to
old tabloid scribes

00:50:19.125 --> 00:50:22.625
like myself uh, to
see the end of what,

00:50:22.625 --> 00:50:24.917
I\'ve gotta say, was
a golden age.

00:50:24.917 --> 00:50:29.000
Um, now the, the press
is shackled,

00:50:29.000 --> 00:50:32.291
the tabloids are tamed,
and um,

00:50:32.291 --> 00:50:34.417
and the circulations
are plunging.

00:50:34.417 --> 00:50:36.250
And I think we\'re at the,

00:50:36.250 --> 00:50:42.333
we\'re possibly seeing the end
of the tabloid newspaper,

00:50:42.333 --> 00:50:46.041
not era, but century.

00:50:46.041 --> 00:50:56.667
♪

00:50:56.667 --> 00:50:59.999
♪ Baby, you\'re casting
your spell on me ♪

00:50:59.999 --> 00:51:01.959
Newspapers are dying.

00:51:01.959 --> 00:51:02.583
But so what?

00:51:02.583 --> 00:51:07.792
The tabloid press mentality
lives on.

00:51:07.792 --> 00:51:08.417
On every screen

00:51:08.417 --> 00:51:14.250
everyone is revealing
their own little secrets.

00:51:14.250 --> 00:51:15.625
Celebrities or not,

00:51:15.625 --> 00:51:17.166
voyeur or exhibitionists,

00:51:17.166 --> 00:51:19.208
we\'re all becoming
our own tabloids,

00:51:19.208 --> 00:51:24.291
taking selfies and posting
videos on the web.

00:51:24.291 --> 00:51:26.208
♪ It\'s all right ♪

00:51:26.208 --> 00:51:27.458
♪ You\'re out of sight ♪

00:51:27.458 --> 00:51:30.792
♪ When you wear that
cute little skirt... ♪

00:51:30.792 --> 00:51:33.709
No need to go through
the trash to find secrets,

00:51:33.709 --> 00:51:36.375
they\'re all already out there.

00:51:36.375 --> 00:51:38.750
The tabloids are dead.

00:51:38.750 --> 00:51:43.291
Long live the tabloid spirit.

00:51:43.291 --> 00:51:44.625
Two weeks ago uh,

00:51:44.625 --> 00:51:48.417
this guy in, in Miami,
just a regular guy,

00:51:48.417 --> 00:51:52.834
killed his wife,
shot her a bunch of times.

00:51:52.834 --> 00:51:55.417
That would be,
that would stop right here,

00:51:55.417 --> 00:51:57.291
but no, let\'s go further.

00:51:57.291 --> 00:51:59.583
He took pictures
of her body,

00:51:59.583 --> 00:52:02.000
he put the pictures
on Facebook,

00:52:02.000 --> 00:52:04.999
he wrote a confession
that said,

00:52:04.999 --> 00:52:08.750
\"Hi, you guys haven\'t
heard from me from a while,

00:52:08.750 --> 00:52:10.333
but I killed my wife.

00:52:10.333 --> 00:52:12.709
She was abusing me,
I\'m tired of it,

00:52:12.709 --> 00:52:16.750
I\'m probably gonna get
the death penalty for this,

00:52:16.750 --> 00:52:18.000
but here you go.

00:52:18.000 --> 00:52:20.125
Goodbye to everybody,
it was great knowing you.\"

00:52:20.125 --> 00:52:25.041
And then he walked into a
police station and surrendered.

00:52:25.041 --> 00:52:27.083
Who could make that up?

00:52:27.083 --> 00:52:29.333
You know?

00:52:29.333 --> 00:52:38.458
♪

00:52:38.458 --> 00:52:40.999
♪ And now ♪

00:52:40.999 --> 00:52:43.125
♪ The end is near ♪

00:52:43.125 --> 00:52:46.208
♪ And so I face ♪

00:52:46.208 --> 00:52:49.333
♪ The final curtain ♪

00:52:49.333 --> 00:52:51.083
♪ My friend ♪

00:52:51.083 --> 00:52:53.792
♪ I\'ll say it clear ♪

00:52:53.792 --> 00:52:56.667
♪ I\'ll state my case ♪

00:52:56.667 --> 00:52:59.542
♪ Of which I\'m certain ♪

00:52:59.542 --> 00:53:04.709
♪ I\'ve lived a life
that\'s full ♪

00:53:04.709 --> 00:53:07.625
♪ I\'ve traveled each ♪

00:53:07.625 --> 00:53:10.583
♪ And every highway ♪

00:53:10.583 --> 00:53:13.083
♪ Oh, and more ♪

00:53:13.083 --> 00:53:15.959
♪ Much more than this ♪

00:53:15.959 --> 00:53:22.083
♪ I did it my way ♪

00:53:22.083 --> 00:53:24.542
♪ Regrets ♪

00:53:24.542 --> 00:53:27.000
♪ I\'ve had a few ♪

00:53:27.000 --> 00:53:29.125
♪ But then again ♪

00:53:29.125 --> 00:53:32.667
♪ Too few to mention ♪

00:53:32.667 --> 00:53:37.417
♪ I did what I had to do ♪

00:53:37.417 --> 00:53:40.000
♪ I saw it through ♪

00:53:40.000 --> 00:53:43.417
♪ Without exemption ♪