WEBVTT

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[ Miigam\'agan ]:
IT\'S ALWAYS DIFFICULT TO RELIVE

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WHAT HAPPENED LAST YEAR.

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ONLY BECAUSE OF
THE LONG-AWAITED TRUTH

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TO BE FINALLY ACKNOWLEDGED

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OF OUR INHERENT RIGHTS

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AS MI\'GMAQ PEOPLE.

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[ drums and chanting ]

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[ priest ]: DO YOU REJECT SATAN

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AND ALL HIS WORKS
AND ALL HIS EMPTY PROMISES?

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[ all ]: I DO.
- DO YOU BELIEVE IN GOD,

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THE FATHER ALMIGHTY,
THE CREATOR OF HEAVEN AND EARTH?

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[ all ]: I DO.
- DO YOU BELIEVE IN JESUS CHRIST,

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HIS ONLY SON, OUR LORD,
WHO WAS BORN OF THE VIRGIN MARY,

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WAS CRUCIFIED, DIED AND WAS
BURIED, ROSE FROM THE DEAD,

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NOW IS SEATED

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AT THE RIGHT HAND OF THE FATHER?

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[ all ]: I DO.

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[ Gkisedtanamoogk ]: OUR
CEREMONIES ARE RELEVANT TO US,

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AS THEY WERE PRIOR TO COLUMBUS.

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HOW WE LIVE OUR LIFE,
OUR WORLD VIEW, OUR LAND,

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THE WATERS, THE FISH,

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EVERYTHING IS CONNECTED
TO EACH OTHER,

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IN MORE DEEPER WAYS

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THAN HOW WE\'VE COME

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TO BE ORGANIZED BY NORTH
AMERICAN SOCIAL POLICIES,

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AND, YOU KNOW, LEGISLATION
AND SO FORTH.

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[ Brian Bartibogue ]:
COMMUNITY OF ESGENOOPETITJ IS,

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IT MEANS A LOOKOUT POINT.

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IT\'S A TRADITIONAL MEETING PLACE

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AND GATHERING PLACE
FOR OUR PEOPLE.

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IT\'S LOCATED RIGHT ON THE WATER,

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ON THE SHORELINE OF
THE MIRAMICHI BAY.

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HERE COMES MY LINE!

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WE PLAYED AND LIVED

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OUR WHOLE LIFE
AROUND THAT WATER.

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IT REVOLVES AROUND THAT WATER.

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IT IS INTEGRAL TO OUR CULTURE
AND OUR PEOPLE

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AND OUR LIVELIHOOD.

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SO IT\'S A VERY IMPORTANT PART.

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WE\'VE BEEN HERE, HISTORICALLY,
FOR OVER 11,000 YEARS.

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AND I JUST DON\'T UNDERSTAND WHY
THERE\'S NOT ENOUGH FOR US.

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I MEAN, THIS BEAUTIFUL
TERRITORY...

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I WAS RAISED SWIMMING
IN THESE WATERS.

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AND IT\'S A SHAME THAT
I CAN\'T FEED MYSELF

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AND TEACH MY CHILDREN
HOW TO FISH.

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I MEAN, MY GRANDFATHER
TAUGHT ME,

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AND MY BROTHERS AND UNCLES
TAUGHT ME,

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AND NOW I\'M NOT ALLOWED
TEACHING MY CHILDREN.

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I HAD MY SON, THIS MORNING,
REDUCED TO TEARS

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BECAUSE HE COULDN\'T GO FISHING
NO MORE,

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THAT IT WAS TOO DANGEROUS FOR
HIM AND I WOULDN\'T LET HIM GO.

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BY DOING THAT, THE CANADIAN
GOVERNMENT HAS ROBBED US

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OF OUR RIGHT TO RAISE
OUR CHILDREN

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IN ACCORDANCE TO OUR CULTURE.

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AND... MY SON REDUCED ME
TO TEARS.

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I MEAN, I HAD TO BRING HIM WITH
ME JUST BECAUSE THAT IS OUR WAY.

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AND THAT\'S BEING ROBBED FROM US.

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- JUST WANNA GO AND FISH,
THAT\'S ALL I WANNA DO.

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MAKE SOME MONEY.

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SAVE SOME FOR FOOD.

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BUT IF THEY TRY TO STOP US,
YOU KNOW,

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I\'M GONNA BE OUT THERE TOO...

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FIGHTING WITH THEM.

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I FOUGHT LAST YEAR
AND THE YEAR BEFORE.

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BE OUT THERE AGAIN THIS YEAR.

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I\'M ONLY USING THE DORY,

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SO I END UP HAULING THE TRAPS
BY HAND.

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I GOT NO MACHINE.

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GOT NO HAULER TO HAUL THEM UP.

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[ Alanis ]: YOU DON\'T MIND
BEING ALONE IN YOUR BOAT?

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- NO, I\'M USED TO IT. I\'VE BEEN
DOING IT ALL THESE YEARS,

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SINCE I WAS 12 YEARS OLD.

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I\'M JUST GONNA KEEP PRACTISING
OUR RIGHTS,

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AND ANYBODY TRIES TO STOP ME
OR ANY OF US,

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I\'LL BE OUT THERE FIGHTING
WITH THEM.

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AND IF I GO TO JAIL
AND IF I COME BACK OUT,

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I\'LL BE OUT THERE AGAIN.

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- I\'M GOING TO FRENCH SCHOOL.
- I GO TO, UM...

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-BURNT CHURCH.

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WHICH I GET MI\'GMAQ
AND HE DOESN\'T.

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ALL HE KNOWS IS FRENCH.

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ALL THE KIDS IN HIS SCHOOL,
UM...

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-NOT EVERYBODY.

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-THEY ALL KNOW ENGLISH.

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-SOME, BUT NOT EVERYBODY.

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- MICHEL CAN ONLY SPEAK
A LITTLE BIT ENGLISH...

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- MICHEL\'S NOT IN MY SCHOOL.
- WHAT SCHOOL\'S HE IN?

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-NEGUAC.

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NEGUAC SCHOOL\'S FRENCH.

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- WHEN I WAS YOUNGER,
WHEN I WAS A KID...

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I DIDN\'T STAY HERE,
IN THE BURNT CHURCH RESERVE.

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I WAS SENT TO SHUBENACADIE
RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL.

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I SPENT ABOUT SEVEN YEARS THERE.

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[ Alanis ]:
WHAT WAS IT LIKE THERE?

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-I WOULDN\'T LIKE TO...

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-TALK ABOUT IT?

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- TALK ABOUT IT AT ALL.
THAT\'S HOW IT WAS.

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AND THEN I COME HOME
AND THERE WAS A COMPANY,

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ANDERSON\'S COMPANY.

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AND I FISHED FOR THEM 15 YEARS.

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EVERY SUMMER.
WHEN I FIRST STARTED,

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IT WAS A DOLLAR,
A DOLLAR FIFTY A DAY.

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AND IT GRADUALLY WENT UP
AND LAST,

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I WAS GETTING TWO DOLLARS
AND SEVENTY-FIVE A DAY.

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THEN FINALLY I DECIDED

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I WANT TO FISH FOR MYSELF.

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SO WE MADE TRAPS,
MY BROTHER AND I.

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WE MADE 400 TRAPS IN...
ALL WINTER.

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BUT THE FISH WERE DOWN,
AND THE GOVERNMENT THAT TIME,

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THEY STARTED BUYING BACK
THE LICENSES

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FROM THE WHITE COMMUNITY.

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AND, UH... BUT ME, I...

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THEY DIDN\'T OFFER ME NOTHING.
BUY BACK.

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BUT I HAD NO LICENSE.
I HAD A PERMIT,

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LIKE FROM THE TREATY.

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YOU KNOW, FROM THE TREATY?
- YES.

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- AND, UH... SO I VOLUNTARILY
GAVE IT UP THREE-FOUR YEARS.

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AND THE FISH STARTED
TO COME BACK AGAIN

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AND THE FISH, EVER SINCE,
HAS BEEN GOOD.

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AND I WANTED TO GET BACK
INTO IT, THAT TIME,

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OH, ABOUT 15 YEARS AGO.

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BUT THEY TOLD ME I HAD
TO BUY A LICENSE!

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I SAYS, \"I DON\'T HAVE
TO BUY A LICENSE.

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I NEED MY PERMIT BACK, BECAUSE
I GAVE IT UP VOLUNTARILY.

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I NEVER GOT NOTHING FOR IT.

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I WAS DENIED MY PERMIT!

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- COMMERCIAL-FISHING SEASON
STARTS HERE ON MAY 1st

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AND ENDS JULY 1st, EIGHT WEEKS.

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- YOU GO BUY A COMMUNAL LICENSE
IN... FROM BURNT CHURCH,

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SO EVERYBODY... ALL THE NATIVE
BOATS HERE FISH UNDER COMMUNAL.

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- FALL FISHING IS FOR FOOD,
FOR FOOD FISHERY.

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- THEY WERE TRYING TO TAKE THAT
AWAY FROM US, BUT...

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- WE WERE ALL OUT THERE
IN THE FALL. LIKE, US HERE.

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EXCEPT HIM. I DON\'T BLAME HIM.

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- YEAH.
- HE DIDN\'T WANT TO RISK

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HIS LIVELIHOOD.

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- HIS RIGGING AND HIS GEAR
AND STUFF LIKE THAT, EH?

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-WHAT WE CATCH IN THE SUMMER,

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THAT\'S JUST A LITTLE MONEY
TO GET BY, DAY BY DAY.

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BUT, LIKE, DURING THE WINTER AND
STUFF LIKE THAT, IT\'S HARDER.

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WE NEED TO BE ON WELFARE,
OR WE HAVE TO BE ON WELFARE,

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WHERE WE DON\'T WANT TO BE,
YOU KNOW.

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LIKE US, WE WOULD LIKE TO WORK.
AND...

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IT\'S JUST NOT ENOUGH.
THERE\'S NO WORK.

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- I GOTTA PROVIDE FOR MY FAMILY
AND THIS IS THE ONLY WAY

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I CAN PROVIDE FOR MY FAMILY.

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WHEN MARSHALL CAME THROUGH,

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IT WAS JUST LIKE WINNING
THE LOTTERY.

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A LITTLE LOTTERY, AT THAT.

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AND, UM...

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I HAD HOPE...

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I COULD SEE MY CHILDREN SMILING
NOW IN THE FUTURE.

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WITH NICE CLOTHES AND SOMETHING
TO EAT ON THE TABLE.

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[ narrator ]: IN 1993,

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DONALD MARSHALL WAS ARRESTED

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FOR FISHING EEL OUT OF SEASON

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WITH ILLEGAL NETS AND FOR
SELLING IT WITHOUT A LICENSE.

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AT ISSUE WAS WHETHER
HE POSSESSED A TREATY RIGHT

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TO CATCH AND SELL FISH,

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WHICH WOULD EXEMPT HIM
FROM COMPLYING

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WITH THE DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES
AND OCEANS REGULATIONS.

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THE SIGNATORIES OF THE PEACEnAND
FRIENDSHIP TREATY OF 1752

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WERE: HIS EXCELLENCY,
PEREGRINE THOMAS HOPSON,

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AND MAJOR JEAN BAPTISTE COPE,

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CHIEF OF THE TRIBE
OF MI\'GMAQ INDIANS,

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AND THE DELEGATES
OF THE EASTERN COAST

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OF NOVA SCOTIA
AND NEW BRUNSWICK.

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[ Tony Robinow ]: IT IS AGREED
THAT THE SAID TRIBE OF INDIANS

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SHALL NOT BE HINDERED FROM,

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BUT HAVE FREE LIBERTY
OF HUNTING AND FISHING

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AS USUAL.

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AND THAT IF THEY SHALL THINK
A TRUCK HOUSE IS NEEDFUL

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AT THE RIVER SHUBENACADIE OR
ANY OTHER PLACES THEIR RESORT,

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THEY SHALL HAVE THE SAME BUILT

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AND PROPER MERCHANDISE LODGED
THEREIN TO BE EXCHANGED

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FOR WHAT THE INDIANS SHALL HAVE
TO DISPOSE OF.

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AND, THAT IN THE MEANTIME,

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THE SAID INDIANS SHALL HAVE
FREE LIBERTY

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TO BRING FOR SALE TO HALIFAX,

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OR ANY OTHER SETTLEMENT
WITHIN THIS PROVINCE,

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SKIN, FEATHERS, FOWL, FISH

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OR ANY OTHER THING
THEY SHALL HAVE TO SELL,

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WHERE THEY SHALL HAVE
LIBERTY TO DISPOSE THERE

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TO THE BEST ADVANTAGE.

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[ narrator ]: THESE AGREEMENTS
WERE RENEWED AND RATIFIED

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IN PREVIOUS AND SUCCESSIVE
TREATIES FOR THE CHIEFS,

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FOR THE SAID TRIBES,

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THEIR HEIRS AND THE HEIRS
OF THEIR HEIRS FOREVER.

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AFTER MARSHALL WAS CONVICTED
ON ALL THREE COUNTS,

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HE APPEALED TO THE NOVA SCOTIAnCOURT
OF APPEAL AND WAS DENIED.

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MARSHALL THEN APPEALED TO
THE SUPREME COURT OF CANADA.

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THE SUPREME COURT ALLOWED
MARSHALL\'S APPEAL, STATING...

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[ Arthur Holden ]:
NOTHING LESS WOULD UPHOLD

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THE HONOUR AND INTEGRITY
OF THE CROWN

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IN ITS DEALINGS WITH
THE MI\'GMAQ PEOPLE,

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TO SECURE THEIR PEACE
AND FRIENDSHIP.

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[ narrator ]:
SEPTEMBER 17, 1999.

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SIX YEARS AFTER DONALD MARSHALL
WAS ARRESTED,

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THE SUPREME COURT
DECLARED ITS DECISION.

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IT AFFIRMED THE MI\'GMAQ PEOPLE

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HAD THE RIGHT TO PROVIDE
FOR THEIR OWN SUSTENANCE

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BY HUNTING, FISHING,
GATHERING AND TRADING

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FOR WHAT, IN 1760,
WERE CALLED \"NECESSARIES\".

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THE COURT SAID...

00:12:17.376 --> 00:12:22.583
[ Arthur Holden ]: THIS SHOULD
BE CONSTRUED IN A MODERN CONTEXT

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AS EQUIVALENT TO
A MODERATE LIVELIHOOD.

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[ joyous honking ]

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[ Karen Somerville ]:
THE DAY THE DECISION CAME DOWN,

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IT WAS VERY JOYOUS AND EVERYONE
WAS HAPPY AND IT WAS, LIKE,

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\"YES!

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WE CAN NOW DO SOMETHING
TO SUPPORT OURSELVES.\"

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OUR RIGHTS HAD BEEN RECONFIRMED.

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WE HAD THE RIGHT TO EXERCISE
OUR ACCESS TO THE FISHERY.

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AND, UH...
THE COMMUNITY WENT FISHING.

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[ Leo Bartibogue ]:
WHAT HAPPENED LAST SUMMER

00:12:52.626 --> 00:12:54.998
WAS, UH...

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WELL, A FEW US WENT OUT THERE

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AND STARTED TAKING OUR TRAPS
OUT THERE

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TO BACK UP OUR MANAGEMENT PLAN

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THAT WAS CREATED BY JAMES WARDEN
LLOYD, LLOYD AUGUSTINE.

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AND SO A FEW OF US WENT
OUT THERE

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TO START PUTTING ACTION
BEHIND THE MANAGEMENT PLAN.

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THE WOMEN...
THE WOMEN THAT WERE THERE,

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ONE OF THEM WAS MY SISTER,
MIIGAM\'AGAN,

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KAREN SOMERVILLE.

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IT WAS THESE TWO WOMEN
THAT I TOOK OUT IN THE WATER

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THAT STARTED SETTING OUT
THEIR OWN TRAPS.

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THEY\'RE THE ONES THAT STARTED
PUTTING THE TRAPS

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IN THE WATER FIRST.

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AND IT TOOK THE LADIES,

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THE WOMEN OF OUR COMMUNITY,
TO MAKE IT HAPPEN.

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AND I\'M DEEPLY THANKFUL
FOR THAT.

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- YAHOO!
- THERE\'S OUR FIRST CATCH!

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- YES! KAREN AND MIIGAM\'AGAN
WITH OUR FIRST LOBSTERS. YAHOO!

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- EVERYONE WAS HAPPY,
EVERYONE WAS GLAD,

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EVERYONE, I GUESS, FIGURED,
\"ALL RIGHT,

00:13:58.626 --> 00:13:59.998
EVERYBODY GO OUT INTO THE WATER,

00:13:59.999 --> 00:14:02.999
FISH AS MANY LOBSTERS AS YOU
WANT, GO AHEAD AND SELL THEM.\"

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- AND THEY WERE. LIKE, THE
FISH-BUYERS WERE BUYING THEM.

00:14:06.459 --> 00:14:11.917
BUT I GUESS THEY WERE BEING
THREATENED BY NON-NATIVES,

00:14:11.918 --> 00:14:15.082
SO... THEY JUST WOULDN\'T
COME BACK.

00:14:15.083 --> 00:14:17.625
- WE\'RE NOT EVEN ON THE BASIS
OF DISCUSSING...

00:14:17.626 --> 00:14:20.082
[ narrator ]:
AS SOON AS THE MI\'GMAQ PEOPLE

00:14:20.083 --> 00:14:22.416
ASSERTED THEIR RIGHTS,

00:14:22.417 --> 00:14:23.998
THE NON-NATIVE FISHERMEN

00:14:23.999 --> 00:14:25.708
APPLIED PRESSURE
ON THE GOVERNMENT

00:14:25.709 --> 00:14:26.998
TO SHUT DOWN
THE ABORIGINAL LOBSTER FISHERY.

00:14:26.999 --> 00:14:31.500
- NO ONE SHOULD ASK ORDINARY,
HARD-WORKING INSHORE FISHERMEN

00:14:31.501 --> 00:14:35.416
TO PAY THE PRICE FOR DECADES
OF NATIONAL INEPTITUDE

00:14:35.417 --> 00:14:39.082
TOWARDS ONE OF OUR
FOUNDING PEOPLES.

00:14:39.083 --> 00:14:42.625
THE FISHING ITSELF IN THE BAY
SIMPLY HAS TO STOP.

00:14:42.626 --> 00:14:44.708
- FISHERMEN SEE THAT
THEY STILL TRAP THERE

00:14:44.709 --> 00:14:47.625
AND THAT IT\'S NOT SUBSTANTIAL
AMOUNT OF TRAP

00:14:47.626 --> 00:14:49.041
THAT HAVE BEEN PICKED UP.

00:14:49.042 --> 00:14:51.625
I THINK THAT IT WILL BE
MORE AND MORE DIFFICULT

00:14:51.626 --> 00:14:53.625
TO STOP THE FISHERMEN.

00:14:53.626 --> 00:14:56.625
[ narrator ]:
IN A SHOW OF FORCE,

00:14:56.626 --> 00:15:00.082
THE NON-NATIVE FISHERS
PROTESTED AND THREATENED

00:15:00.083 --> 00:15:03.041
TO TAKE MATTERS
INTO THEIR OWN HANDS.

00:15:03.042 --> 00:15:06.625
- THIS DOESN\'T GIVE YOU THE RIGHT
TO FUCKING CUT MY TRAPS!

00:15:06.626 --> 00:15:08.208
[ narrator ]: FIRES WERE SET,

00:15:08.209 --> 00:15:10.625
THOUSANDS OF TRAPS
WERE VANDALIZED

00:15:10.626 --> 00:15:13.374
AND THE COMMUNITIES WERE AT WAR.

00:15:13.375 --> 00:15:16.667
[ shouting and arguing ]

00:15:19.417 --> 00:15:23.625
- YOU FUCKING CUT OUR FUCKING
TRAPS! I\'M NOT IGNORANT!

00:15:23.626 --> 00:15:24.791
THAT\'S FUCKING IGNORANT!

00:15:24.792 --> 00:15:26.791
-GET OUT OF MY FACE!

00:15:26.792 --> 00:15:28.626
-FUCK YOU!

00:15:29.626 --> 00:15:31.917
- THERE\'S A LOT OF TENSION
WHEN YOU FISH ALONGSIDE

00:15:31.918 --> 00:15:33.625
A NON-NATIVE FISHERMAN,
YOU KNOW?

00:15:33.626 --> 00:15:36.708
LIKE, A FRIEND OF MINE,
HE WAS FISHING IN THE SPRING.

00:15:36.709 --> 00:15:39.082
THEY TOOK HIS TRAPS,
THEY CUT HIS TRAPS,

00:15:39.083 --> 00:15:41.416
THEY THREW \'EM BACK
IN THE WATER.

00:15:41.417 --> 00:15:42.583
THEY\'D RUN HIS BUOYS OVER,

00:15:42.584 --> 00:15:44.625
TELL HIM,
\"YOU\'RE A LONG WAY FROM HOME!\"

00:15:44.626 --> 00:15:48.625
I KNOW, \'CAUSE I LENT HIM
MY TRAPS AND I LOST \'EM!

00:15:48.626 --> 00:15:50.875
HE LOST SOME OF MY TRAPS, BUT...

00:15:50.876 --> 00:15:52.791
YOU KNOW, THAT\'S THE PROBLEM
WE HAVE.

00:15:52.792 --> 00:15:54.625
WE CAN\'T EVEN FISH
SIDE BY SIDE EACH OTHER

00:15:54.626 --> 00:15:56.917
WHEN THEY SAY WE COULD,
YOU KNOW WHAT I MEAN?

00:15:56.918 --> 00:16:01.999
SO MUCH ANGER AND HATRED
OUT THERE.

00:16:52.209 --> 00:16:59.082
- THE RACISM AND THE HATRED
HAVE BECOME A VERY EVIDENT PART

00:16:59.083 --> 00:17:00.500
OF OUR DAILY LIVING.

00:17:00.501 --> 00:17:05.500
COMING OUT OF OUR COMMUNITY,
IT\'S VERY EVIDENT IN SOME AREAS.

00:17:05.501 --> 00:17:07.249
IT\'S REALLY UNFORTUNATE BECAUSE,

00:17:07.250 --> 00:17:09.625
WITH THE ACADIAN PEOPLE
AND THE MI\'GMAQ,

00:17:09.626 --> 00:17:11.249
ESPECIALLY IN OUR AREA,

00:17:11.250 --> 00:17:13.666
THERE\'S A LONG COOPERATIVE
HISTORY THERE

00:17:13.667 --> 00:17:16.583
OF WHERE WE WERE ALWAYS ABLE
TO GET ALONG.

00:17:16.584 --> 00:17:21.625
IT IS UNFORTUNATE THAT SOME
HAVE PUT A VERY NEGATIVE LIGHT

00:17:21.626 --> 00:17:22.998
ON THEIR SOCIETY,

00:17:22.999 --> 00:17:25.625
THAT THEY\'VE CUT OUR TRAPS,
THEY SHOT AT OUR PEOPLE,

00:17:25.626 --> 00:17:28.999
THEY\'VE BEAT THEM UP
AT LOCAL ESTABLISHMENTS...

00:17:29.000 --> 00:17:30.791
AND CONSTANTLY FIGHTING

00:17:30.792 --> 00:17:33.166
AND RACIAL SLURS BEING
THROWN HERE AND...

00:17:33.167 --> 00:17:37.625
AND FOR THE GOVERNMENT
TO FEED ON THIS, UM...

00:17:37.626 --> 00:17:39.625
IN THIS DAY AND AGE,

00:17:39.626 --> 00:17:45.625
IS A VERY SAD TRUTH,
A VERY SAD REALITY THAT...

00:17:45.626 --> 00:17:47.998
THE GOVERNMENT AIN\'T FIGHTING
FOR CONSERVATION,

00:17:47.999 --> 00:17:53.625
THEY\'RE FIGHTING FOR CONTROL.-THE HISTORY OF
ESGENOOPETITJ IS ONE OF THE LOE LOBSTER FISHERY

00:17:53.626 --> 00:17:58.998
BEING ESSENTIALLY AN ABORIGINAL
FISHERY UNTIL THE 1940s,

00:17:58.999 --> 00:18:01.998
WHEN THERE WAS
A LICENSING SYSTEM

00:18:01.999 --> 00:18:07.708
USED TO SQUEEZE THE ABORIGINAL
PEOPLE OUT OF THE INDUSTRY.

00:18:07.709 --> 00:18:10.667
IT WASN\'T AS IF
THEY\'D NEVER BEEN THERE.

00:18:11.626 --> 00:18:13.998
SO THE PEOPLE WENT BACK
INTO THE WATER SAYING,

00:18:13.999 --> 00:18:16.666
\"WE\'RE EXERCISING OUR RIGHT.\"

00:18:16.667 --> 00:18:20.041
AND... AS WE KNOW...

00:18:20.042 --> 00:18:24.998
THE STATE, RATHER THAN GIVING
EFFECT TO THE RIGHTS,

00:18:24.999 --> 00:18:31.625
RATHER THAN LIMITING THE FISHING
OF THE WHITE FISHERMEN,

00:18:31.626 --> 00:18:33.625
BROUGHT ITS FULL FORCE OF...

00:18:33.626 --> 00:18:35.500
FULL POLICE AUTHORITY TO BEAR,

00:18:35.501 --> 00:18:40.416
WITH HELICOPTERS
AND PATROL BOATS

00:18:40.417 --> 00:18:44.998
AND GUNS AND OBSERVATION
BY AIRPLANE,

00:18:44.999 --> 00:18:50.998
RCMPDETACHMENTS, DOZENS
OF RCMP CARS AND SO FORTH,

00:18:50.999 --> 00:18:54.667
ON THE PEOPLE OF ESGENOOPETITJ.

00:18:56.626 --> 00:19:01.999
AND THE AMAZING THING IS,
THAT WAS ALL TO ENFORCE A REGIME

00:19:02.000 --> 00:19:04.998
WHICH ESSENTIALLY HAD BEEN
DECLARED UNCONSTITUTIONAL.

00:19:04.999 --> 00:19:07.625
[ narrator ]:
THE ESGENOOPETITJ VILLAGE

00:19:07.626 --> 00:19:09.625
IS THOUSANDS OF YEARS OLD

00:19:09.626 --> 00:19:12.625
AND THE LARGEST MI\'GMAQ
COMMUNITY IN NEW BRUNSWICK.

00:19:12.626 --> 00:19:18.082
THE MI\'GMAQ PEOPLE LIVED
IN WIGWAMS MADE OF BIRCH BARK.

00:19:18.083 --> 00:19:22.666
IN THE SUMMER, THEY STAYED
IN FISHING VILLAGES.

00:19:22.667 --> 00:19:26.208
IN APRIL AND MAY,
THE MEN FISHED THE SALMON.

00:19:26.209 --> 00:19:28.999
THE WOMEN AND CHILDREN
GATHERED FIDDLEHEADS

00:19:29.000 --> 00:19:31.708
AND OTHER FRESH WILD GREENS.

00:19:31.709 --> 00:19:34.291
THEN, THE BIG STURGEON CAME.

00:19:34.292 --> 00:19:38.166
SOMETIMES, IT WAS AS HEAVY
AS 800 POUNDS.

00:19:38.167 --> 00:19:42.625
THE CUSTOM WAS TO FISH AT NIGHT
WITH A TORCH.

00:19:42.626 --> 00:19:45.416
SUMMER WAS A BUSY TIME.

00:19:45.417 --> 00:19:47.998
THE PEOPLE GATHERED
FRUIT, BERRIES,

00:19:47.999 --> 00:19:50.998
AND CAUGHT ALL KINDS OF FISH.

00:19:50.999 --> 00:19:55.291
SOME WERE DRIED OR SMOKED
TO PRESERVE FOR THE COLD SEASON.

00:19:55.292 --> 00:19:59.416
THEY TRAVELLED EASILY
WITH THEIR INCREDIBLE DESIGN

00:19:59.417 --> 00:20:01.998
OF A LIGHT BIRCH-BARK
HUMPBACK CANOE

00:20:01.999 --> 00:20:05.666
CAPABLE OF FACING OPEN WATERS.

00:20:05.667 --> 00:20:09.625
WHEN WINTER CAME,
THEY MOVED INLAND

00:20:09.626 --> 00:20:11.708
TO THE SHELTER OF THE TREES,

00:20:11.709 --> 00:20:16.374
AND FOR HUNTING DEER,
MOOSE AND CARIBOU.

00:20:16.375 --> 00:20:18.666
TRADING WAS ALWAYS PART
OF THEIR LIVES.

00:20:18.667 --> 00:20:22.917
THEY TRADED WITH OTHER TRIBES,
AND IN 1581,

00:20:22.918 --> 00:20:27.583
THEY BEGAN TO TRADE FURS WITH
PRIVATE MERCHANTS FROM FRANCE.

00:20:27.584 --> 00:20:33.416
BY 1702, A LARGE POPULATION
OF FRENCH PEOPLE WAS ESTABLISHED

00:20:33.417 --> 00:20:35.625
IN DIFFERENT PARTS
OF THE MIRAMICHI

00:20:35.626 --> 00:20:39.998
AND IN THE SURROUNDING
AREA OF MI\'GMAQ COUNTRY.

00:20:39.999 --> 00:20:44.917
THE NEWCOMERS HAD ARRIVED,
AND SO HAD UNKNOWN DISEASES.

00:20:44.918 --> 00:20:50.875
ONE EPIDEMIC KILLED OVER 16,000
MI\'GMAQ PEOPLE IN THE MARITIMES.

00:20:50.876 --> 00:20:54.998
THE INFLUENCE OF THE EUROPEANS
CHANGED THEIR LIVES

00:20:54.999 --> 00:20:59.374
AND THE PEOPLE BECAME
IMPOVERISHED.

00:20:59.375 --> 00:21:01.625
THE STRUGGLE BETWEEN
BRITAIN AND FRANCE

00:21:01.626 --> 00:21:05.833
TO CONTROL MI\'GMAQ COUNTRY
AND ITS NATURAL RESOURCES

00:21:05.834 --> 00:21:07.166
WAS ONGOING.

00:21:07.167 --> 00:21:11.625
DURING ONE OF THE BATTLES
LED BY THE ENGLISH,

00:21:11.626 --> 00:21:13.998
THE MI\'GMAQ PROTECTED
THE ACADIANS

00:21:13.999 --> 00:21:16.291
BY HIDING THEM IN SECRET PLACES.

00:21:16.292 --> 00:21:21.625
THE ENGLISH BURNT EVERYTHING,
INCLUDING THE CHURCH.

00:21:21.626 --> 00:21:25.625
THIS IS HOW ESGENOOPETITJ GOT
ITS OTHER NAME:

00:21:25.626 --> 00:21:28.666
BURNT CHURCH.

00:21:28.667 --> 00:21:29.375
AS TIME WENT ON,

00:21:29.376 --> 00:21:32.583
THE NEWCOMERS WERE TAKING
OWNERSHIP OF THE RESOURCES:

00:21:32.584 --> 00:21:34.708
THE RIVERS AND THE FORESTS.

00:21:34.709 --> 00:21:40.626
THEIR WAYS OF HARVESTING WERE
DIFFERENT AND MUCH GREATER.

00:21:41.999 --> 00:21:46.208
SEVERAL FISH SPECIES
BECAME EXTINCT.

00:21:46.209 --> 00:21:47.998
SALMON STOCKS WERE DIMINISHING,

00:21:47.999 --> 00:21:50.041
AND THE MI\'GMAQ SUFFERED
THE LACK OF A RESOURCE

00:21:50.042 --> 00:21:53.625
THAT HAD SUSTAINED THEM
FOR THOUSANDS OF YEARS.

00:21:53.626 --> 00:21:59.625
BY MARCH 1805, THEIR VAST
TERRITORIES WERE DIMINISHED

00:21:59.626 --> 00:22:02.999
TO A RESERVE WITH 2,058 ACRES,

00:22:03.000 --> 00:22:08.708
PLUS TABUSINTAC AND POKEMOUCHE,
WITH 10,000 ACRES.

00:22:08.709 --> 00:22:12.708
FOR A LONG TIME,
THE LOBSTER WAS CONSIDERED

00:22:12.709 --> 00:22:15.082
POOR MAN\'S FOOD.

00:22:15.083 --> 00:22:16.791
THE MI\'GMAQ FISHED IT

00:22:16.792 --> 00:22:21.626
WITHOUT INTERFERENCE,
BUT NOT FOR LONG.

00:22:25.167 --> 00:22:27.291
-I HAVE TO ENFORCE TO MAKE SURE

00:22:27.292 --> 00:22:29.708
THAT WE HAVE CONSERVATION

00:22:29.709 --> 00:22:30.626
AS OUR PRIORITY,

00:22:30.627 --> 00:22:32.625
BECAUSE IF WE LET PEOPLE FISH
WHENEVER THEY WANT,

00:22:32.626 --> 00:22:34.708
WHATEVER THEY WANT,
WE\'RE NOT GONNA HAVE A RESOURCE.

00:22:34.709 --> 00:22:36.998
AND MY MANDATE IS TO PROTECT
THE RESOURCE.

00:22:36.999 --> 00:22:40.625
- THEY ARE BEING TOLD
A LOT OF WRONG THINGS.

00:22:40.626 --> 00:22:43.291
THERE\'S NOT A WHOLE LOT OF US
HERE, YOU KNOW.

00:22:43.292 --> 00:22:46.875
AND THERE\'S NOT A WHOLE LOT
OF TRAPS,

00:22:46.876 --> 00:22:49.999
OR A WHOLE LOT OF
EQUIPMENT WE HAVE.

00:22:50.000 --> 00:22:53.625
I KNOW THAT IN MAY,
THE NON-NATIVES HAVE ABOUT...

00:22:53.626 --> 00:22:57.166
APPROXIMATELY 270,000 TRAPS.

00:22:57.167 --> 00:23:01.041
AND THAT\'S JUST IN ZONE 23
IN MIRAMICHI, HERE.

00:23:01.042 --> 00:23:02.875
NOW WE COME UP WITH...

00:23:02.876 --> 00:23:05.875
THEY WANTED US TO HAVE
ONLY 40 TRAPS.

00:23:05.876 --> 00:23:07.416
WHAT DOES THAT TELL YOU?

00:23:07.417 --> 00:23:10.998
FORTY TRAPS IS NOT GONNA FEED
THE REST OF OUR PEOPLE

00:23:10.999 --> 00:23:13.082
OR BRING ANY INCOME
TO OUR PEOPLE.

00:23:13.083 --> 00:23:14.998
WE\'RE NOT GONNA DEPLETE
THE STOCKS.

00:23:14.999 --> 00:23:17.625
WE\'RE ALL CONSERVATIONISTS HERE,
YOU KNOW.

00:23:17.626 --> 00:23:20.833
WE KNOW, WE\'VE BEEN DOING IT
SINCE THE BEGINNING OF TIME.

00:23:20.834 --> 00:23:22.500
OUR ANCESTORS DID IT;
WE ARE DOING IT.

00:23:22.501 --> 00:23:27.625
WE MAKE SURE THAT THE UNDERSIZE
ARE THROWN BACK IN THE WATER.

00:23:27.626 --> 00:23:31.082
WE MAKE SURE THAT THE FEMALES
ARE PROPERLY PUT BACK

00:23:31.083 --> 00:23:32.042
IN THE WATER, GENTLY.

00:23:32.043 --> 00:23:34.458
THESE ARE THE THINGS THAT WE DO.

00:23:34.459 --> 00:23:38.666
WE CAN REGULATE
OUR OWN RESOURCES.

00:23:38.667 --> 00:23:41.791
WE ONLY CATCH ENOUGH TO SURVIVE.

00:23:41.792 --> 00:23:44.625
WE ONLY CATCH ENOUGH
TO PAY OUR BILLS,

00:23:44.626 --> 00:23:48.249
WE ONLY CATCH ENOUGH TO PAY...
PUT CLOTHES ON OUR CHILDREN,

00:23:48.250 --> 00:23:50.998
SO THEY\'LL START LOOKING GOOD
IN SCHOOLS.

00:23:50.999 --> 00:23:53.082
ENOUGH TO PUT FOOD ON OUR TABLE;

00:23:53.083 --> 00:23:57.876
ENOUGH TO GENERATE
A LITTLE INCOME FOR A FAMILY.

00:24:01.417 --> 00:24:03.291
-WOW!

00:24:03.292 --> 00:24:04.998
ONE OR TWO?!

00:24:04.999 --> 00:24:07.875
YOU GOT ONE OR TWO, GIRLS?!

00:24:07.876 --> 00:24:11.416
- SEVENTEEN!
- ALL RIGHT! SEVENTEEN!

00:24:11.417 --> 00:24:13.999
-WHOO!

00:24:14.000 --> 00:24:16.626
-CATCH OF THE DAY: 17!

00:24:18.999 --> 00:24:25.082
- NOT TOO LONG AFTER THAT,
THE DFO,YOU KNOWOW, KIND OF...

00:24:25.083 --> 00:24:26.249
CAME AROUND WHERE WE WERE

00:24:26.250 --> 00:24:28.458
AND STARTED WONDERING
WHAT WE\'RE DOING.

00:24:28.459 --> 00:24:31.041
AND WE HAD APPROXIMATELY
ABOUT 10 TRAPS

00:24:31.042 --> 00:24:33.249
AT THE TIME IN THE WATER.

00:24:33.250 --> 00:24:35.583
SO EVERY TIME WE COME BACK IN,

00:24:35.584 --> 00:24:38.625
THEY\'D GO AROUND OUR TRAPS
AND START PULLING THEM OUT.

00:24:38.626 --> 00:24:41.374
THIS WAS JUST GOING ON
ON A DAILY BASIS.

00:24:41.375 --> 00:24:43.625
THEY CALLED THIS MORNINGTHAT
THERE\'S A DFO BOAT IN THE WATER.

00:24:43.626 --> 00:24:45.791
SO WE WENT AND HEADED OUT
TO RESPOND TO IT.

00:24:45.792 --> 00:24:48.708
AH, PICKED UP A COUPLE OF GUYS,
WE GOT \'EM HERE,

00:24:48.709 --> 00:24:50.625
REALIZED, UH...

00:24:50.626 --> 00:24:53.625
IT LOOKED LIKE THE DFO BOAT
WAS TRYING TO, UM...

00:24:53.626 --> 00:24:56.626
GATHER SOME INFORMATION
FOR A FUTURE RAID.

00:25:07.999 --> 00:25:10.626
-WE\'RE AT IT AGAIN, ARE WE?!

00:25:13.459 --> 00:25:18.875
- WE\'RE MAKING SURE
YOU DON\'T TAKE THEIR TRAPS!

00:25:18.876 --> 00:25:21.667
-WE SHALL FIGHT ON THE SEAS...

00:25:22.999 --> 00:25:26.209
AND WE WILL NEVER SURRENDER.

00:25:31.626 --> 00:25:35.625
- I\'M VERY ASSOCIATED
WITH THE CONCEPT OF WARRIOR

00:25:35.626 --> 00:25:39.374
- BEING ONE TO BEGIN WITH -
AND THE CONCEPT OF HONOUR.

00:25:39.375 --> 00:25:41.875
AND FOR ME, I ALWAYS HAVE
TO GIVE A DEFINITION

00:25:41.876 --> 00:25:44.875
WHEN I TALK ABOUT HONOUR,
\'CAUSE IT\'S WHAT DRIVES US,

00:25:44.876 --> 00:25:46.998
WHAT COMPELS US
TO DO WHAT WE DO.

00:25:46.999 --> 00:25:48.625
AND HONOUR, FOR US,
BEING A WARRIOR,

00:25:48.626 --> 00:25:51.625
IS HAVING THE MORAL STRENGTH
TO DO WHAT\'S JUST

00:25:51.626 --> 00:25:53.875
AT ALL TIMES,
REGARDLESS OF THE CONSEQUENCES.

00:25:53.876 --> 00:25:57.708
EVEN WHEN - FOR INSTANCE, HERE -
WE ARE OUTNUMBERED, OUTGUNNED

00:25:57.709 --> 00:25:59.998
AND OVERWHELMED
BY THE CANADIAN FORCES.

00:25:59.999 --> 00:26:02.999
AND WE STILL HAVE TO MAKE THAT
STAND. WE DON\'T GET A SALARY.

00:26:03.000 --> 00:26:06.374
BASICALLY, WE\'RE TALKING ABOUT
BEING BEATEN, ABUSED,

00:26:06.375 --> 00:26:08.166
POSSIBLY HURT
OR EVEN SENT TO JAIL.

00:26:08.167 --> 00:26:10.291
BUT IT\'S SOMETHING
WE TAKE ON VERY WILLINGLY.

00:26:10.292 --> 00:26:11.998
WE EMBRACE THE IDEA
OF WHAT WE\'RE DOING,

00:26:11.999 --> 00:26:14.791
\'CAUSE WE KNOW IN THE END,
WHAT WE\'RE DOING IS HONOURABLE.

00:26:14.792 --> 00:26:16.791
ACTUALLY, I HAVE A DEGREE
IN POLITICAL SCIENCE,

00:26:16.792 --> 00:26:18.625
WITH SPECIALIZATION
IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS.

00:26:18.626 --> 00:26:22.041
I\'M A FORMER MILITARY; I WAS
WITH THE CANADIAN MILITIA

00:26:22.042 --> 00:26:22.999
WHEN I WAS YOUNGER.

00:26:23.000 --> 00:26:25.374
I WENT DOWN TO
THE AMERICAN MILITARY.

00:26:25.375 --> 00:26:26.998
I WAS WITH AN ELITE UNIT.

00:26:26.999 --> 00:26:30.666
AFTERWARDS, I ATTENDED UNIVERSITY, AND I DID
MY THESIS ON ABORIGINAL SELF-DETERMINATION,

00:26:30.667 --> 00:26:32.999
ON HOW ABOUT WE HAVE
TO TAKE THE INITIATIVE.

00:26:33.000 --> 00:26:35.998
IF WE WANT TO CONTROL OUR
DESTINIES AND CREATE A DESTINY

00:26:35.999 --> 00:26:37.625
THAT\'S GONNA BE BENEFICIAL
FOR OUR PEOPLE,

00:26:37.626 --> 00:26:39.998
WE HAVE TO BE WILLING
TO STAND UP AND GO OUT

00:26:39.999 --> 00:26:42.249
AND TAKE THAT POLITICAL
INITIATIVE AND MAKE IT HAPPEN.

00:26:42.250 --> 00:26:45.082
EVEN IF IT MEANS THAT
WE HAVE TO BE AT ODDS

00:26:45.083 --> 00:26:48.458
WITH THE CANADIAN GOVERNMENT.FOR A LOT OF
PEOPLE, THEY MAY SEE THAT AS DETRIMENTAL.

00:26:48.459 --> 00:26:51.625
THEY MAY SAY, \"MY GOD, WHY? LOOK
AT THE CONSEQUENCES INVOLVED.\"

00:26:51.626 --> 00:26:55.500
BUT I ALWAYS ASK, \"LOOK AT
THE CONSEQUENCES OF INACTION.\"

00:26:55.501 --> 00:26:56.625
IF OUR CONDITION RIGHT NOW,

00:26:56.626 --> 00:26:59.458
WHAT WE CONSIDER \"PEACE\"
WITH THE CANADIAN NATION,

00:26:59.459 --> 00:27:02.208
PRODUCES THE HIGHEST SUICIDE
RATES IN THE WORLD,

00:27:02.209 --> 00:27:04.708
SOME OF THE HIGHEST
INCARCERATION RATES

00:27:04.709 --> 00:27:05.875
IN THE COUNTRY;

00:27:05.876 --> 00:27:07.625
ALCOHOL, DRUGS,
SPOUSE/CHILD ABUSE,

00:27:07.626 --> 00:27:11.625
WAY BEYOND ANYTHING COMPARABLE
TO THE NON-NATIVE SOCIETY;

00:27:11.626 --> 00:27:14.875
WHY ARE WE TRYING SO HARD
TO MAINTAIN THIS CONDITION?

00:27:14.876 --> 00:27:18.249
SO IF I STAND AND MAKE
A FIGHT FOR MY PEOPLE,

00:27:18.250 --> 00:27:20.666
I\'M FOLLOWING THE TRADITIONS
OF A WARRIOR,

00:27:20.667 --> 00:27:24.041
LOOKING OUT FOR
THE NEXT SEVEN GENERATIONS.

00:27:24.042 --> 00:27:26.998
AND I\'M DOING SOMETHING

00:27:26.999 --> 00:27:29.166
THAT PROBABLY WON\'T HAPPEN

00:27:29.167 --> 00:27:32.167
UNLESS SOMEBODY TAKES ON
THIS TYPE OF MENTALITY.

00:27:33.999 --> 00:27:36.166
-WHAT WE REALIZED WE HAD TO DO

00:27:36.167 --> 00:27:38.208
WAS TAKE OUR OWN RESOURCES
INTO OUR HANDS.

00:27:38.209 --> 00:27:40.625
UNDER OUR ESGENOOPETITJ
FISHING POLICY,

00:27:40.626 --> 00:27:43.291
WE HAVE THE CAPACITY TO ISSUE
OUR OWN LICENSES.

00:27:43.292 --> 00:27:44.625
WE TAKE A UNIQUE APPROACH

00:27:44.626 --> 00:27:48.625
TOWARD THAT VAST MAJORITY OF
OUR PEOPLE FISH IN THE FALL.

00:27:48.626 --> 00:27:50.500
THAT\'S OUR TRADITIONAL
FISHING SEASON.

00:27:50.501 --> 00:27:51.625
THE NON-NATIVE SOCIETY

00:27:51.626 --> 00:27:53.625
AND THE COMMERCIAL FISHING,

00:27:53.626 --> 00:27:55.625
THEY FISH IN THE SPRING.
BUT DURING THE FALL SEASON,

00:27:55.626 --> 00:27:59.625
AFTER THE MOULTING, THEY\'RE
MORE PLENTIFUL WITHIN THE BAY.

00:27:59.626 --> 00:28:02.625
I\'VE HAD SINGLE WOMEN
WITH THREE, FOUR CHILDREN

00:28:02.626 --> 00:28:05.917
FISHING THREE, FOUR TRAPS.
THREE OR FOUR TRAPS A DAY

00:28:05.918 --> 00:28:11.625
ARE ABLE TO SUPPLEMENT AND GIVE
THEIR CHILDREN A BETTER LIFE.

00:28:11.626 --> 00:28:14.625
WE DO NOT ISSUE 300 TRAPS
PER INDIVIDUAL.

00:28:14.626 --> 00:28:16.416
WE ISSUE FOUR

00:28:16.417 --> 00:28:17.625
PER INDIVIDUAL.

00:28:17.626 --> 00:28:20.998
IT GIVES APPROXIMATELY
6,100 TRAPS IN THE FALL TO FISH.

00:28:20.999 --> 00:28:22.917
WE HAVE NEVER, EVER,
NO WAY NEAR,

00:28:22.918 --> 00:28:24.998
EVER CAME TO FISHING
THAT AMOUNT.

00:28:24.999 --> 00:28:28.917
THERE\'S SOME PEOPLE THAT DON\'T
FISH ON THE LARGER SCALE.

00:28:28.918 --> 00:28:32.833
THEY FISH TO SUPPLEMENTTHEIR INCOME, THEY
FISH TO SUPPLEMENT THEIR FOOD STORAGE,

00:28:32.834 --> 00:28:36.625
THEY FISH TO MAINTAIN A CULTURE.
YOU CAN\'T REFLECT THAT

00:28:36.626 --> 00:28:39.791
WITHIN A DFO\'S AGREEMENT.
THEY CAN\'T ADDRESS THAT.

00:28:39.792 --> 00:28:42.875
THEY\'VE CONSTANTLY TAKEN A
PARENTAL ATTITUDE OF WHERE,

00:28:42.876 --> 00:28:45.999
\"WE KNOW WHAT\'S BEST - NOT ONLY
FOR YOU, BUT FOR THE RESOURCE.\"

00:28:46.000 --> 00:28:49.625
MIND YOU, THEY BROUGHT
MANY SPECIES TO DECIMATION,

00:28:49.626 --> 00:28:50.999
TO THE BRINK OF EXTINCTION.

00:28:51.000 --> 00:28:53.625
AND THEY ARE STILL THINKING
THEY KNOW WHAT\'S BEST.

00:28:53.626 --> 00:28:57.625
IF THEY WERE HONOURABLE,
AND IF THEY HAD A GRAIN

00:28:57.626 --> 00:28:58.998
OF DECENCY AND GOOD SENSE,

00:28:58.999 --> 00:29:01.999
THEY WOULD TAKE THIS OPPORTUNITY
AS A WONDERFUL OPPORTUNITY

00:29:02.000 --> 00:29:05.875
TO LEARN HOW TO LIVE IN BALANCE
WITH THE MOTHER EARTH,

00:29:05.876 --> 00:29:07.625
AS THE MI\'GMAQ DO.

00:29:07.626 --> 00:29:10.625
AND WE, AS MI\'GMAQ PEOPLE, FEEL

00:29:10.626 --> 00:29:14.374
THAT WE ARE ALSO DEFENDERS
OF OUR EARTH,

00:29:14.375 --> 00:29:18.166
THAT THESE UNBALANCED APPROACHES
THAT YOU\'RE TAKING HAVE TO STOP.

00:29:18.167 --> 00:29:19.625
THEY HAVE TO.

00:29:19.626 --> 00:29:22.249
WE ARE DESTROYING THE RESOURCES
THAT FEED US

00:29:22.250 --> 00:29:24.458
AND THEY\'RE NOT GOING TO BE HERE
FOREVER,

00:29:24.459 --> 00:29:27.625
ESPECIALLY THE WAY
THEY\'RE GOING AT \'EM NOW.

00:29:27.626 --> 00:29:29.458
INSTEAD OF US BEING PERCEIVED

00:29:29.459 --> 00:29:31.875
AS A LIABILITY AND A THREAT,

00:29:31.876 --> 00:29:34.458
WE SHOULD BE PERCEIVED
AS A PARTNER.

00:29:34.459 --> 00:29:37.626
AS A TRUE PARTNER
IN THIS COUNTRY.

00:29:39.083 --> 00:29:42.625
- THE CHIEFS OF THE FIRST NATIONS
IN NEW BRUNSWICK

00:29:42.626 --> 00:29:44.625
HAVE REQUESTED A BIT OF TIME

00:29:44.626 --> 00:29:46.625
TO BE ABLE TO GET BACK

00:29:46.626 --> 00:29:48.082
TO THEIR CONSTITUENTS

00:29:48.083 --> 00:29:50.666
AND THEIR COUNCILS
AS WELL AS THEIR ELDERS.

00:29:50.667 --> 00:29:55.625
IT WAS A VERY GOOD DISCUSSION
AND WE LOOK FORWARD TO WORKING

00:29:55.626 --> 00:29:59.998
WITH THE GOVERNMENT OF CANADA
UNDER A BILATERAL PROCESS.

00:29:59.999 --> 00:30:00.792
-IF YOU\'RE LOOKING

00:30:00.792 --> 00:30:01.709
AT EXTINGUISHING
ABORIGINAL RIGHTS...

00:30:01.710 --> 00:30:07.625
- NO, WE\'RE NOT LOOKING AT
EXTINGUISHING ABORIGINAL RIGHTS

00:30:07.626 --> 00:30:08.998
OR THE LIKE.

00:30:08.999 --> 00:30:10.999
WE NO LONGER HAVE
AN EXTINGUISHMENT POLICY,

00:30:11.000 --> 00:30:14.082
AND THAT\'S BEEN MADE VERY CLEAR
OVER AND OVER AGAIN

00:30:14.083 --> 00:30:15.625
ACROSS THE COUNTRY.

00:30:15.626 --> 00:30:20.625
AND I WANT TO MAKE IT
VERY CLEAR HERE, TO YOU,

00:30:20.626 --> 00:30:22.917
THAT THAT\'S NOT THE INTENT.

00:30:22.918 --> 00:30:24.625
WE\'RE TRYING TO DEFINE,
OF COURSE,

00:30:24.626 --> 00:30:27.041
WITHOUT HAVING THE COURTS
CONTINUE TO DO IT FOR US,

00:30:27.042 --> 00:30:32.208
WHAT THE TREATY THAT ALREADY
EXISTS WOULD LOOK LIKE

00:30:32.209 --> 00:30:33.625
IN A MODERN CONTEXT.

00:30:33.626 --> 00:30:41.374
- THE ATLANTIC POLICY CONGRESS
CONSISTS OF FIRST NATIONS CHIEFS

00:30:41.375 --> 00:30:43.791
FROM ALL OVER
THE ATLANTIC PROVINCES,

00:30:43.792 --> 00:30:49.625
INCLUDING OURSELVES,
FROM EASTERN QUEBEC.

00:30:49.626 --> 00:30:56.875
AND THE ALLIANCES THAT WE FORM
AS MI\'GMAQ, MALISEET,

00:30:56.876 --> 00:30:59.791
PASSAMAQUODDY,
IS A VERY IMPORTANT ONE.

00:30:59.792 --> 00:31:01.917
IN THE ATLANTIC PROVINCES,

00:31:01.918 --> 00:31:04.500
WE HAVE NEVER SURRENDERED
OUR LANDS.

00:31:04.501 --> 00:31:07.708
OUR TREATIES WILL BE A MECHANISM

00:31:07.709 --> 00:31:09.999
THAT WE NEED TO USE
IN THE COMING YEARS

00:31:10.000 --> 00:31:12.998
IN FIGHTING WITH
THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT.

00:31:12.999 --> 00:31:16.500
[ Sherry Pictou ]: THERE SEEMS
TO BE AN ASSUMPTION HERE

00:31:16.501 --> 00:31:21.998
THAT WE\'RE GONNA INTEGRATE
INTO THE LICENSES REGIME,

00:31:21.999 --> 00:31:23.875
AND IT\'S UNFORTUNATE

00:31:23.876 --> 00:31:25.500
THAT THERE\'S NOT EMPHASIS

00:31:25.501 --> 00:31:29.082
ON LOOKING AT WHAT IS WRONG
WITH THAT REGIME

00:31:29.083 --> 00:31:32.291
AND US COMING UP
WITH MORE PRACTICAL SOLUTIONS

00:31:32.292 --> 00:31:34.625
BASED ON OUR TREATY RIGHT.

00:31:34.626 --> 00:31:37.166
RIGHT FROM THE ONSET,
WHEN THAT SUPREME COURT DECISION

00:31:37.167 --> 00:31:40.625
CAME DOWN AND SAID THAT THE
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT HAD THE RIGHT

00:31:40.626 --> 00:31:43.625
TO REGULATE THIS,
WE SHOULD\'VE SAID,

00:31:43.626 --> 00:31:46.998
\"NO, YOUR REGULATIONS
ARE NOT ADEQUATE.\"

00:31:46.999 --> 00:31:50.666
THAT IS WHAT\'S DEPLETING
THE RESOURCES.

00:31:50.667 --> 00:31:54.416
- WE PRODUCE OUR OWN LICENSES,
WE DO OUR OWN REGULATIONS.

00:31:54.417 --> 00:31:55.999
THEY HAVE TO RECOGNIZE

00:31:56.000 --> 00:31:59.625
OUR LICENSES THAT WE ALREADY
ISSUE FOR THAT PURPOSE.

00:31:59.626 --> 00:32:03.666
SO IT\'S KIND OF, LIKE, OPPOSITE
OF WHAT THEY\'RE PROPOSING.

00:32:03.667 --> 00:32:07.625
- WHAT WE WANT TO DO IS DEVELOP
OUR OWN ENFORCEMENT BRANCH,

00:32:07.626 --> 00:32:10.208
OUR OWN FISHERIES BRANCH,

00:32:10.209 --> 00:32:14.625
OUR OWN ABILITY TO ENFORCE
OUR OWN REGULATIONS.

00:32:14.626 --> 00:32:16.291
IN THE SURVEY, I NOTICED

00:32:16.292 --> 00:32:18.625
THERE ISN\'T ANY MENTION
OF ANY OF THAT.

00:32:18.626 --> 00:32:21.791
I HAVE CONCERN THAT
THE NEXT ROUND OF MARSHALL,

00:32:21.792 --> 00:32:24.792
THAT WE\'RE GEARING
TOWARD MORE LICENSES.

00:32:56.209 --> 00:32:58.625
- I THINK A LICENSE
ON THE OUTGOING MARKET,

00:32:58.626 --> 00:33:00.041
BEFORE THE MARSHALL DECISION,

00:33:00.042 --> 00:33:04.625
WAS GOING AT APPROXIMATELY
$50,000 TO $70,000.

00:33:04.626 --> 00:33:07.625
SINCE THE MARSHALL DECISION,

00:33:07.626 --> 00:33:09.416
I HAVE HEARD IT FLUCTUATES

00:33:09.417 --> 00:33:12.625
TO $175,000 TO $200,000
PER LICENSE.

00:33:12.626 --> 00:33:15.416
THE ONLY WAY WE CAN ACCESS
TO THOSE LICENSES

00:33:15.417 --> 00:33:17.500
UNDER THE DFO MANAGEMENT REGIME

00:33:17.501 --> 00:33:20.833
IS IF WE ENTER INTO
AN AGREEMENT WITH THE DFO.

00:33:20.834 --> 00:33:24.291
WE HAVE A SUPREME COURT RIGHT.
WE\'RE THE ONLY ONES

00:33:24.292 --> 00:33:26.791
WITH A SUPREME COURT RIGHT

00:33:26.792 --> 00:33:28.833
TO EARN A LIVELIHOOD
OFF OF FISHING.

00:33:28.834 --> 00:33:31.416
AND YET, WE ARE THE ONES
ON WELFARE.

00:33:31.417 --> 00:33:32.625
AND WE LOOK AROUND US,

00:33:32.626 --> 00:33:35.583
FROM NON-NATIVE FISHERMEN TO
THE MINISTER DHALIWAL HIMSELF,

00:33:35.584 --> 00:33:39.625
ARE ALL EXTRACTING SALARIES
AND BENEFITS FROM THE FISHERIES,

00:33:39.626 --> 00:33:42.708
WHICH NONE OF THEM HAVE
AnSUPREME COURTRIGHT TO. WE DO.

00:33:42.709 --> 00:33:45.583
- YOU KNOW, THERE WAS A JUDGEMENT
OF THE SUPREME COURT

00:33:45.584 --> 00:33:47.500
WHO SAID THAT THERE ARE RIGHTS
FOR NATIVES

00:33:47.501 --> 00:33:50.208
BUT THAT THE GOVERNMENT
HAS THE RESPONSIBILITY

00:33:50.209 --> 00:33:55.998
FOR ENFORCING THE PROTECTION
OF THE FISHERY.

00:33:55.999 --> 00:34:01.166
- WE WILL NOT ALLOW PEOPLE
TO GO OUT AND FISH ILLEGALLY,

00:34:01.167 --> 00:34:04.416
WE WILL NOT ALLOW
UNAUTHORIZED FISHING,

00:34:04.417 --> 00:34:07.292
AND WE WILL TAKE
ENFORCEMENT ACTION.

00:34:09.584 --> 00:34:11.625
[ Leo Bartibogue ]:
I REMEMBER ONE MORNING,

00:34:11.626 --> 00:34:12.998
WHEN THERE WAS A WHOLE FLEET

00:34:12.999 --> 00:34:16.249
COMING TOWARDS US.
AND WE JUMPED ON OUR DORIES -

00:34:16.250 --> 00:34:18.500
AND THESE ARE
THE SMALL LITTLE DORIES,

00:34:18.501 --> 00:34:19.998
ABOUT 16-FOOT TO 12-FOOT DORIES

00:34:19.999 --> 00:34:23.625
- AND WE ALL LOOKED AT EACH
OTHER AND WE ALL KIND OF

00:34:23.626 --> 00:34:27.374
SHOUTED AT EACH OTHER NOT TO...
STAND YOUR GROUND.

00:34:27.375 --> 00:34:28.708
YOU KNOW, WE\'RE FISHING HERE,

00:34:28.709 --> 00:34:32.500
WE\'RE NOT DOING ANYTHING WRONG.
THAT\'S ALL WE\'RE DOING.

00:34:32.501 --> 00:34:38.250
BUT THEY CAME AND CAME AND THEN,
THERE WERE SO MANY OF THEM.

00:34:43.417 --> 00:34:44.833
-GO BACK TO SHORE!

00:34:44.834 --> 00:34:47.458
- WE\'RE ON THE LINE WITH
THE DEPUTY MINISTER!

00:34:47.459 --> 00:34:49.667
-GO TO SHORE!

00:34:51.792 --> 00:34:55.416
- EVERY TIME THEY CAME, THERE WAS
A LITTLE MORE AGGRESSION.

00:34:55.417 --> 00:34:57.625
AND EVERY TIME THAT WE WENT OUT,

00:34:57.626 --> 00:35:00.291
WE WERE REALLY UNSURE

00:35:00.292 --> 00:35:03.082
ABOUT ANYONE OF US
COMING BACK TO SHORE.

00:35:03.083 --> 00:35:08.209
SO IT REALLY GOT A LITTLE SCARY
FOR A LOT OF US.

00:35:11.834 --> 00:35:14.250
[ shouting ]

00:35:17.999 --> 00:35:21.459
-PROTECT YOUR FUCKING HEAD!

00:35:22.417 --> 00:35:26.167
- YOU ARE VIOLATING OUR RIGHTS,
YOU KNOW THAT?

00:35:37.999 --> 00:35:41.666
-GRAB IT! GRAB THE TRAP!

00:35:41.667 --> 00:35:44.792
[ shouting ]

00:35:54.999 --> 00:36:00.374
- RIGHT BEHIND THEM. HOLY
FUCK! THEY\'RE TRYING TO RAM HIM!

00:36:00.375 --> 00:36:02.626
HOLY FUCK!

00:36:04.626 --> 00:36:07.167
THE FUCKER IS SPINNING HIM!

00:36:17.626 --> 00:36:21.208
- BUT FOR SOME, I\'VE SEEN
THE LOOKS IN THEIR EYES.

00:36:21.209 --> 00:36:23.875
YOU KNOW, I\'VE SEEN
THE PROUDNESS IN THEIR EYES

00:36:23.876 --> 00:36:27.208
AND I KNOW THAT
THEY WERE COMMITTED.

00:36:27.209 --> 00:36:29.583
THEY MADE A COMMITMENT
TO STAY IN THE WATERS

00:36:29.584 --> 00:36:33.082
REGARDLESS OF THEIR OWN SAFETY.

00:36:33.083 --> 00:36:39.375
AND THAT PUT A LOT OF PRIDE
BACK IN OUR HEARTS.

00:36:58.000 --> 00:37:00.667
[ cheering and whooping ]

00:37:09.709 --> 00:37:11.917
- IT\'S THE PROUDEST DAY
OF MY LIFE!

00:37:11.918 --> 00:37:14.626
THIS IS WHAT IT\'S ALL ABOUT!

00:37:29.626 --> 00:37:32.917
[ Tina Young ]: OUR INHERENT
RIGHTS ARE BEING THREATENED,

00:37:32.918 --> 00:37:36.583
WORSE THAN THEY EVER BEEN
BEFORE.

00:37:36.584 --> 00:37:39.625
WE ARE LIVING IN
A DANGEROUS TIME RIGHT NOW,

00:37:39.626 --> 00:37:40.998
AS FAR AS THE RELATIONSHIP

00:37:40.999 --> 00:37:44.709
WITH THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
AND THE ABORIGINAL PEOPLE.

00:37:46.292 --> 00:37:49.625
BECAUSE OF MY RACE,
BECAUSE OF WHO I AM,

00:37:49.626 --> 00:37:54.998
IT\'S A CONSTANT FIGHT
AND STRUGGLE JUST TO SURVIVE.

00:37:54.999 --> 00:37:59.209
FOR EXAMPLE, MY DAUGHTER.
SHE\'S 14 YEARS OLD.

00:38:03.626 --> 00:38:07.625
STATISTICALLY, SHE\'S SUPPOSED
TO DROP OUT OF SCHOOL,

00:38:07.626 --> 00:38:09.625
BY, YOU KNOW, 15 AND 16,

00:38:09.626 --> 00:38:15.625
AND A STRONG POSSIBILITY
OF COMMITTING SUICIDE.

00:38:15.626 --> 00:38:18.999
UH... THOSE ARE JUST BECAUSE
SHE\'S AN ABORIGINAL FEMALE,

00:38:19.000 --> 00:38:23.082
BECAUSE OF THE FACT THAT,
YOU KNOW, OF WHO WE ARE.

00:38:23.083 --> 00:38:29.791
AND TRYING TO BEAT THE ODDS,
TO KNOW, FOR MY CHILDREN...

00:38:29.792 --> 00:38:32.999
IS HARD WORK.

00:38:34.999 --> 00:38:36.998
[ Isabel Bartibogue ]:
I WATCHED MY SON LEO,

00:38:36.999 --> 00:38:40.041
AND HE WAS IN A WHOLE BUNCH
OF DFOs OUT ON THE WATERS.

00:38:40.042 --> 00:38:44.291
AND HE WAS OUT THERE
ALL BY HIMSELF.

00:38:44.292 --> 00:38:49.999
AND THEY WERE JUST GOING REAL
FAST, TRYING TO TIP THE BOAT.

00:38:50.000 --> 00:38:53.291
I WAS TERRIFIED, REALLY.

00:38:53.292 --> 00:38:54.875
I WAS TERRIFIED

00:38:54.876 --> 00:38:56.625
AND THERE WAS NOBODY ELSE
AROUND,

00:38:56.626 --> 00:39:00.625
NOT OUR BOATS OR ANYTHING.
IT WAS JUST HIM THERE.

00:39:00.626 --> 00:39:01.998
AND I COULDN\'T TAKE IT.

00:39:01.999 --> 00:39:06.166
I WENT IN MY BEDROOM AND
I COVER UP UNDER THE BLANKET,

00:39:06.167 --> 00:39:08.249
CRIED MY HEART OUT.

00:39:08.250 --> 00:39:09.875
I MEAN, IT\'S...

00:39:09.876 --> 00:39:14.416
I NEVER CRY IN FRONT OF PEOPLE
AND...

00:39:14.417 --> 00:39:17.833
IT\'S JUST THE IDEA THAT
THERE WAS...

00:39:17.834 --> 00:39:19.666
I PRAY A LOT,

00:39:19.667 --> 00:39:23.166
I PRAY A LOT ABOUT
GOD TAKING CARE OF THEM,

00:39:23.167 --> 00:39:24.625
AND I KNEW HE WOULD.

00:39:24.626 --> 00:39:28.208
SO AFTER A WHILE, SOMEBODY
KNOCKED ON MY DOOR AND SAID,

00:39:28.209 --> 00:39:30.625
\"LEO GOT AWAY.\"

00:39:30.626 --> 00:39:34.208
I AM VERY PROUD OF THEM.

00:39:34.209 --> 00:39:36.458
BUT THE THINGS
THAT I GO THROUGH

00:39:36.459 --> 00:39:38.999
WHEN THEY\'RE OUT THERE...

00:39:41.042 --> 00:39:45.667
BUT THEY\'LL SURVIVE.
EVERYONE OF THEM WILL SURVIVE.

00:39:46.792 --> 00:39:52.625
AND THEY\'LL GET WHAT
THEY\'RE FIGHTING FOR.

00:39:52.626 --> 00:39:55.667
NO MATTER WHAT, I GUESS.

00:40:07.999 --> 00:40:11.249
- I\'M VERY PROUD TO BE
FROM BURNT CHURCH.

00:40:11.250 --> 00:40:13.708
IT PULLED US...
WHAT I\'VE SEEN LAST FALL,

00:40:13.709 --> 00:40:16.625
IT PULLED US TOGETHER
LIKE ONE BIG FAMILY.

00:40:16.626 --> 00:40:20.583
AND WHEN WE DID THAT,
IT MADE US TEN TIMES AS STRONG.

00:40:20.584 --> 00:40:22.625
IT WASN\'T REALLY
\'TIL THE FALL TIME,

00:40:22.626 --> 00:40:24.875
WHEN I WANTED TO BE SWORN IN

00:40:24.876 --> 00:40:29.042
AS A PEACE OFFICER
FOR BURNT CHURCH.

00:40:29.918 --> 00:40:34.833
ON SEPTEMBER 12, WE HEARD
A DISTRESS CALL FROM THE CHIEF.

00:40:34.834 --> 00:40:38.917
ON OUR WAY TO GO RESPOND
TO THE CALL,

00:40:38.918 --> 00:40:43.082
WE WERE INTERCEPTED BY THE RCMP.

00:40:43.083 --> 00:40:47.667
WHEN THEY CAME ON OUR BOAT,
WE WERE TEAR-GASSED AND...

00:40:49.626 --> 00:40:52.625
AND WE COULDN\'T SEE NOTHING
UP UNTIL THEY GOT REALLY CLOSE

00:40:52.626 --> 00:40:55.875
AND THEY STORMED OUR BOAT,
THEY SHOVED US RIGHT DOWN

00:40:55.876 --> 00:40:58.625
AND THEY HAD MACHINE GUNS.

00:40:58.626 --> 00:41:00.374
ONE GUY HAD HIS KNEE ON MY NECK

00:41:00.375 --> 00:41:02.833
AND HE YELLED INTO
THE BACK OF MY HEAD.

00:41:02.834 --> 00:41:06.625
THEY DID THAT TO ALL OF US
ON THE BOAT.

00:41:06.626 --> 00:41:08.625
I TOLD THEM THAT
WE WERE OFFICERS

00:41:08.626 --> 00:41:11.500
AND THEY JUST IGNORED US.

00:41:11.501 --> 00:41:14.625
- WELL, I COULDN\'T SEE ANYTHING
WHEN WE WERE TEAR-GASSED.

00:41:14.626 --> 00:41:16.625
THE OTHER BOAT TOOK OFF

00:41:16.626 --> 00:41:18.625
AND WHEN WE WERE BEING TOWED IN,

00:41:18.626 --> 00:41:22.625
WE SAW THAT OTHER BOAT
UPSIDE DOWN IN THE WATER.

00:41:22.626 --> 00:41:25.625
[ Curtis Bartibogue ]: THE
RESTIGOUCHE BOAT THEY CAPSIZED

00:41:25.626 --> 00:41:27.166
AND ALL THE GUYS FLEW OFF
THE BOAT.

00:41:27.167 --> 00:41:28.708
THAT\'S HOW HARD
THEY WERE RAMMED

00:41:28.709 --> 00:41:30.500
BY THE RCMP.

00:41:30.501 --> 00:41:31.917
- I WAS AFRAID THAT
THEY\'D KILLED THEM.

00:41:31.918 --> 00:41:35.625
I ASKED THEM WHAT HAPPENED
TO THE GUYS AND STUFF LIKE THAT

00:41:35.626 --> 00:41:37.249
AND THEY WOULDN\'T ANSWER US.

00:41:37.250 --> 00:41:39.791
THEY WOULDN\'T TELL US
WHERE THEY\'RE TAKING US.

00:41:39.792 --> 00:41:42.625
THEY JUST WOULDN\'T
ANSWER US ANYTHING.

00:41:42.626 --> 00:41:45.917
IT SEEMED LIKE THEY PARADED US
THROUGH NEGUAC.

00:41:45.918 --> 00:41:47.625
WHEN WE WERE COMING IN,

00:41:47.626 --> 00:41:49.625
THERE WERE SO MANY PEOPLE
AT NEGUAC WHARF...

00:41:49.626 --> 00:41:52.166
ALL THE NON-NATIVES
WERE JUST LAUGHING AT US

00:41:52.167 --> 00:41:54.458
AND STUFF LIKE THAT.

00:41:54.459 --> 00:41:56.625
IT WAS AWFUL.

00:41:56.626 --> 00:41:58.625
WHEN YOU GO TO NEGUAC,

00:41:58.626 --> 00:42:00.998
WHEN YOU TALK TO NON-NATIVES
UP THERE -

00:42:00.999 --> 00:42:02.625
WHEN IT\'S NOT FISHING SEASON -

00:42:02.626 --> 00:42:05.625
THEY\'RE PRETTY NICE,
YOU KNOW, THEY\'RE DECENT.

00:42:05.626 --> 00:42:08.625
BUT ONCE IT\'S FISHING...
ONCE IT\'S FALL TIME,

00:42:08.626 --> 00:42:10.416
THEY DON\'T EVEN SPEAK TO US.

00:42:10.417 --> 00:42:12.999
PEOPLE DON\'T EVEN WAVE AT US
NO MORE.

00:42:13.000 --> 00:42:17.998
THERE ARE SOME NON-NATIVES
I KNOW THAT SUPPORT US.

00:42:17.999 --> 00:42:21.583
YOU KNOW, THEY SAY, \"YOU GUYS
HAVE THE RIGHT TO FISH.\"

00:42:21.584 --> 00:42:25.998
BUT IT SEEMS LIKE THOSE PEOPLE
DON\'T SPEAK OUT ON OUR BEHALF.

00:42:25.999 --> 00:42:29.998
- I FELT PRETTY SAD BECAUSE,
AS A KID, GROWING UP,

00:42:29.999 --> 00:42:36.249
I LOOKED UP TO THE RCMP.
I THOUGHT MAYBE I\'D BE ANRCMP.

00:42:36.250 --> 00:42:39.374
AND WHAT I SEEN LAST FALL,
ARE JUST...

00:42:39.375 --> 00:42:41.998
ALL THEY ARE TO ME NOW ARE JUST
MAYBE

00:42:41.999 --> 00:42:43.998
MODERN-DAY INDIAN FIGHTERS.

00:42:43.999 --> 00:42:47.374
- HOW WE GOT INVOLVED IS THAT,
UH...

00:42:47.375 --> 00:42:50.625
WE HAVE ABOUT
A 100-YEAR-OLD PROTOCOL.

00:42:50.626 --> 00:42:54.708
YOU KNOW, WHEN ANOTHER MI\'GMAQ
NATION ASKS FOR HELP,

00:42:54.709 --> 00:42:58.708
WE JUST CAN\'T STAND BY
AND SEE \'EM SUFFER.

00:42:58.709 --> 00:43:02.041
YOU KNOW, WE GOT A CALL
AND FIVE MINUTES LATER,

00:43:02.042 --> 00:43:05.625
WE WERE PACKING UP
AND ON OUR WAY.

00:43:05.626 --> 00:43:07.625
WE HAD A CONVOY GOING,

00:43:07.626 --> 00:43:09.625
SO AS SOON AS WE LEFT HERE,
YOU KNOW,

00:43:09.626 --> 00:43:13.500
WE COULD SEE THE RCMP\'S
AROUND THE SURROUNDING AREA

00:43:13.501 --> 00:43:16.625
AND SORT OF LIKE HAD
AN EYE ON US.

00:43:16.626 --> 00:43:17.917
SO, REALLY, WE SAID,

00:43:17.918 --> 00:43:21.374
\"WELL, WE\'LL GO AS FAR AS WE CAN
AND WE\'LL SEE IF THEY STOP US.\"

00:43:21.375 --> 00:43:25.625
WE ARRIVED, YOU KNOW,
WITH NO MAJOR PROBLEMS,

00:43:25.626 --> 00:43:30.291
AND THEY WERE VERY, VERY HAPPY.
WE COULD SEE THAT.

00:43:30.292 --> 00:43:32.999
EVEN WHEN WE WERE DRIVING
OUR BOATS IN,

00:43:33.000 --> 00:43:36.208
A LOT OF THEIR PEOPLE
COMING IN AND HUGGING US

00:43:36.209 --> 00:43:39.500
AND SHAKING OUR HANDS
AND SAYING, YOU KNOW,

00:43:39.501 --> 00:43:41.082
\"VERY, VERY HAPPY

00:43:41.083 --> 00:43:44.208
THAT YOU DECIDED TO HELP US.\"

00:43:44.209 --> 00:43:51.998
I\'VE SEEN THAT WE ARE SO STRONG
WHEN WE HELP EACH OTHER

00:43:51.999 --> 00:43:56.082
AND STICK WITH EACH OTHER.

00:43:56.083 --> 00:43:57.917
AND EVEN IF THE RESULTS

00:43:57.918 --> 00:44:03.917
AREN\'T SOMETHING THAT WE WANT,
AT LEAST ONE THING FOR SURE,

00:44:03.918 --> 00:44:06.999
YOU KNOW, WE\'RE UNITED.

00:44:10.417 --> 00:44:12.833
[ narrator ]: MORE AND MORE
FIRST NATIONS PEOPLE CAME

00:44:12.834 --> 00:44:15.041
TO SUPPORT THE MEMBERS
OF ESGENOOPETITJ

00:44:15.042 --> 00:44:17.459
IN THEIR STAND.

00:44:19.626 --> 00:44:22.999
- WHAT HAPPENS HERE,
IN THE EAST COAST

00:44:23.000 --> 00:44:25.166
AFFECTS THE WEST COAST FISHERY.

00:44:25.167 --> 00:44:27.374
NATIVE PEOPLE
ALL ACROSS THE COUNTRY,

00:44:27.375 --> 00:44:29.666
THEY\'RE STARTING
TO KNOW THEIR RIGHTS,

00:44:29.667 --> 00:44:32.998
THEY\'RE STARTING TO EXERCISE
THOSE RIGHTS.

00:44:32.999 --> 00:44:34.833
BUT ALSO AN IMPORTANT THING IS

00:44:34.834 --> 00:44:37.249
THAT WE HAVE TO PROTECT
THOSE RIGHTS

00:44:37.250 --> 00:44:40.626
BY ANY MEANS NECESSARY.

00:44:41.709 --> 00:44:43.625
I WAS ON THE BOAT

00:44:43.626 --> 00:44:46.041
WITH DANNY.

00:44:46.042 --> 00:44:49.416
WE GOT SWARMED AND...

00:44:49.417 --> 00:44:52.625
THE DFO PRETTY MUCH RAN OVER US.

00:44:52.626 --> 00:44:54.166
-I JUST SEEN SOMETHING COMING

00:44:54.167 --> 00:44:56.458
AND I LOOKED OVER
AND I JUST HIT THE FLOOR.

00:44:56.459 --> 00:45:01.501
AS SOON AS I HIT THE FLOOR, THE
BOAT CAME RIGHT OVER TOP OF ME.

00:45:02.626 --> 00:45:05.998
WHILE I WAS LAYING THERE,
I WAS PUSHING THEIR BOATS AWAY

00:45:05.999 --> 00:45:09.208
SO THAT THEY WOULDN\'T GRAB ME.

00:45:09.209 --> 00:45:11.625
THEY HIT ME ON THE BACK
A FEW TIMES AND...

00:45:11.626 --> 00:45:15.458
THEY WERE TRYING TO HIT ME
IN THE FACE BUT I DUCKED.

00:45:15.459 --> 00:45:17.625
AND I CLIMBED UP
ON THE BOAT AGAIN.

00:45:17.626 --> 00:45:21.416
I MANAGED TO STAND UP
AND THEY HIT ME FROM BEHIND

00:45:21.417 --> 00:45:23.998
AND I FELL FORWARD
INTO THEIR BOAT

00:45:23.999 --> 00:45:26.625
AND THAT\'S WHEN
THEY GRABBED ME.

00:45:26.626 --> 00:45:28.374
IT WAS A LUCKY THING FOR ME
THAT MORNING,

00:45:28.375 --> 00:45:31.583
\'CAUSE NORMALLY I GO OUT THERE
AND I DON\'T WEAR A LIFE JACKET.

00:45:31.584 --> 00:45:34.625
BUT FOR SOME REASON, THAT
MORNING, I HAD A LIFE JACKET ON.

00:45:34.626 --> 00:45:37.041
AND I THINK THAT\'S WHAT
SAVED ME, \'CAUSE, YOU KNOW,

00:45:37.042 --> 00:45:41.291
WITH ALL THE GEAR THAT I HAD ON,
I HADN\'T EXPECTED

00:45:41.292 --> 00:45:42.998
TO BE IN THE WATER THAT QUICKLY.

00:45:42.999 --> 00:45:45.625
THE BOATS KEPT COMING UP RIGHT
UP TO ME

00:45:45.626 --> 00:45:46.833
AND I\'D KICK THE BOATS AWAY

00:45:46.834 --> 00:45:48.666
AND TELL \'EM TO SCREW OFF
OR WHATEVER.

00:45:48.667 --> 00:45:50.917
FINALLY, THEY PEPPER-SPRAYED ME
ON ONE BOAT.

00:45:50.918 --> 00:45:52.708
I TRIED TO SWIM AWAY
FROM THAT ONE

00:45:52.709 --> 00:45:54.708
AND ANOTHER BOAT WOULD BE
PEPPER-SPRAYING ME

00:45:54.709 --> 00:45:57.625
TO GO BACK TO THE OTHER BOAT
TYPE OF THING.

00:45:57.626 --> 00:45:59.208
SO FINALLY, I COULDN\'T SEE,

00:45:59.209 --> 00:46:01.998
AND ALL THE STUFF WAS GOING
IN MY MOUTH TOO

00:46:01.999 --> 00:46:03.833
AND IT WAS GETTING HARD
TO BREATHE.

00:46:03.834 --> 00:46:07.625
AND FINALLY, THEY TOOK ME
ON BOARD.

00:46:07.626 --> 00:46:11.917
THEY CHARGED ME WITH
OBSTRUCTION, ASSAULT...

00:46:11.918 --> 00:46:15.291
AND ASSAULT WITH
A DEADLY WEAPON.

00:46:15.292 --> 00:46:17.833
[ Alanis ]:
WHAT WAS THE DEADLY WEAPON?

00:46:17.834 --> 00:46:19.166
-A PADDLE.

00:46:19.167 --> 00:46:23.875
[ Danny Ward ]: I WAS TOLD THAT
I ASSAULTED NINE DFO OFFICERS

00:46:23.876 --> 00:46:29.584
THAT MORNING, AND I WAS THE ONE
FLOATING IN THE WATER.

00:46:30.999 --> 00:46:33.208
-I\'M A PEACE OFFICER

00:46:33.209 --> 00:46:37.625
FOR THE BURNT CHURCH
FIRST NATIONS PEOPLE.

00:46:37.626 --> 00:46:41.998
IT WAS A JOB, AT ONE TIME,
I USED TO REALLY ENJOY.

00:46:41.999 --> 00:46:43.833
OVER THE PAST COUPLE OF YEARS,

00:46:43.834 --> 00:46:46.416
IT HASN\'T BEEN TOO,
TOO GOOD AT ALL.

00:46:46.417 --> 00:46:50.583
DON\'T EVER THINK THAT I\'M GONNA
BE STANDING BESIDE THE RCMP

00:46:50.584 --> 00:46:54.082
OR THE DEPARTMENT
OF FISHERIES AND OCEANS.

00:46:54.083 --> 00:46:58.083
NO. I CAN\'T AND I WON\'T.

00:46:59.918 --> 00:47:01.500
[ narrator ]:
IN NEW BRUNSWICK,

00:47:01.501 --> 00:47:04.625
THE RCMP PROVIDES THE PROVINCIAL
POLICING SERVICES.

00:47:04.626 --> 00:47:05.998
IT IS THEIR DUTY

00:47:05.999 --> 00:47:09.666
TO MAINTAIN PEACE AND
TO CONDUCT AN INVESTIGATION

00:47:09.667 --> 00:47:13.998
INTO THE ACTIONS THAT TOOK PLACE
ON THE WATER THIS SUMMER.

00:47:13.999 --> 00:47:17.416
- SHOULD THE RCMP NOT PROCEED
WITH LAYING CHARGES,

00:47:17.417 --> 00:47:19.666
WE\'LL BE LEFT WITH
THE DEFINITE PROOF

00:47:19.667 --> 00:47:22.625
THAT THERE ARE TWO LEVELS
OF LAWS IN CANADA:

00:47:22.626 --> 00:47:26.875
ONE FOR THE FIRST NATIONS,
ONE FOR THE OTHER CANADIANS.

00:47:26.876 --> 00:47:28.998
- WHAT WE\'VE SEEN IS
EXTREMELY UNCANADIAN.

00:47:28.999 --> 00:47:33.625
AND IT\'S NOT THE CANADIAN WAY
TO MAINTAIN THE PEACE IN CANADA,

00:47:33.626 --> 00:47:36.625
SO WE\'LL BE LOOKING AT THIS
VERY, VERY SERIOUSLY.

00:47:36.626 --> 00:47:38.416
- WE HAVE AN OBLIGATION
TO ENFORCE

00:47:38.417 --> 00:47:41.625
WHENEVER THERE\'S UNAUTHORIZED
OR ILLEGAL FISHING

00:47:41.626 --> 00:47:43.625
AND WE\'LL CONTINUE TO DO THAT.

00:47:43.626 --> 00:47:45.458
-I WAS STILL IN THE MILITARY

00:47:45.459 --> 00:47:47.999
DURING THAT TIME.
I WENT THROUGH THE OKA CRISIS,

00:47:48.000 --> 00:47:50.833
BEING ON THE WRONG SIDE
OF THE FENCE,

00:47:50.834 --> 00:47:51.998
TYPE OF THING.

00:47:51.999 --> 00:47:56.625
NOW, I CAME OUT OF THE MILITARY,
I THINK, YOU KNOW, JUST IN TIME,

00:47:56.626 --> 00:47:58.625
BECAUSE I DIDN\'T WANT
ANYTHING TO DO

00:47:58.626 --> 00:48:00.791
WITH THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
AT ALL,

00:48:00.792 --> 00:48:04.625
CONSIDERING, YOU KNOW, WHAT WAS
HAPPENING WITH OUR PEOPLE HERE.

00:48:04.626 --> 00:48:07.208
WHEN WE HAD THE CONFLICT THERE,

00:48:07.209 --> 00:48:10.625
I WAS DOING A LOT OF
SWEAT-LODGE CEREMONIES

00:48:10.626 --> 00:48:11.998
FOR THE WARRIORS

00:48:11.999 --> 00:48:15.917
AND THE PEOPLE THAT WANTED
TO GET INVOLVED WITH IT.

00:48:15.918 --> 00:48:18.625
AND WE\'RE OUT IN THE WATER
AND STUFF,

00:48:18.626 --> 00:48:21.998
KNOWING THAT WE\'VE DONE
ALL WE CAN, YOU KNOW,

00:48:21.999 --> 00:48:24.249
SPIRITUALLY, TO PREPARE
OURSELVES TO DO

00:48:24.250 --> 00:48:27.999
WHAT WE HAVE TO DO,
YOU\'RE NOT AFRAID, YOU KNOW.

00:48:28.000 --> 00:48:32.416
YOU DO WHAT NEEDS TO BE DONE
AND, YOU KNOW, IT\'S...

00:48:32.417 --> 00:48:37.249
IT\'S A COMFORT TO KNOW THAT WHAT
YOU\'RE DOING IS THE RIGHT THING.

00:48:37.250 --> 00:48:39.998
THERE\'S NO, UH...

00:48:39.999 --> 00:48:45.625
I DON\'T HESITATE TO DO WHAT
I DID LAST SUMMER, YOU KNOW,

00:48:45.626 --> 00:48:48.625
BECAUSE I WAS WELL PREPARED
SPIRITUALLY, YOU KNOW.

00:48:48.626 --> 00:48:54.626
EMOTIONALLY, PHYSICALLY.
EVERYTHING ALL FIT TOGETHER.

00:49:02.709 --> 00:49:05.041
- BUT WHEN INDIVIDUAL
FIRST NATIONS PEOPLES,

00:49:05.042 --> 00:49:06.625
SUCH AS BURNT CHURCH,

00:49:06.626 --> 00:49:09.998
TAKE NECESSARY
AND COURAGEOUS STEPS

00:49:09.999 --> 00:49:12.625
TO RAISE THE STANDARDS FOR ALL,

00:49:12.626 --> 00:49:14.998
I WILL BE THERE
TO STAND WITH THEM.

00:49:14.999 --> 00:49:16.833
WHEN THEY POINT OUT TO CANADIANS

00:49:16.834 --> 00:49:19.998
THAT FAIRNESS AND EQUITY
ARE ESSENTIAL,

00:49:19.999 --> 00:49:21.791
IF THERE IS ULTIMATELY TO BE

00:49:21.792 --> 00:49:23.833
SOCIAL PEACE AND JUSTICE
IN THIS COUNTRY,

00:49:23.834 --> 00:49:25.875
I WILL BE THERE
TO STAND WITH THEM.

00:49:25.876 --> 00:49:30.416
AND I THINK EVERY EFFORT SHOULD
BE MADE BY THE MINISTER HIMSELF

00:49:30.417 --> 00:49:34.626
TO GIVE INSTRUCTIONS
TO HIS PEOPLE...

00:49:35.918 --> 00:49:39.998
FIRST OF ALL TO BACK OFF AND TO
GIVE INSTRUCTIONS TO HIS PEOPLE

00:49:39.999 --> 00:49:44.166
TO CONSIDER THAT THE MANAGEMENT
PLAN THAT HAS BEEN DEVELOPED

00:49:44.167 --> 00:49:45.833
BY THE BURNT CHURCH,

00:49:45.834 --> 00:49:47.625
TO BE ABLE TO SIT DOWN
AND RESOLVE THIS

00:49:47.626 --> 00:49:50.708
AND HOPEFULLY THAT SOME LOGIC
AND RATIONALE WILL PREVAIL

00:49:50.709 --> 00:49:54.626
SO THAT WE DO NOT HAVE
AN OKA SITUATION.

00:49:57.626 --> 00:50:01.166
[ Shane Ward ]:
THERE WAS QUITE A FEW HAULERS

00:50:01.167 --> 00:50:02.666
TAKING OUT THE TRAPS

00:50:02.667 --> 00:50:08.625
AND BIG ZODIAKS WERE DEFENDING
THEM. ONE OF THEM GOT ME.

00:50:08.626 --> 00:50:10.500
I GOT RUNNED OVER.

00:50:10.501 --> 00:50:15.416
YOU KNOW, COULD\'VE BEEN MY BACK,
MY HEAD, MY LEG. PRETTY CLOSE.

00:50:15.417 --> 00:50:17.458
- I DIDN\'T THINK NOTHING
WOULD HAPPEN, YOU KNOW.

00:50:17.459 --> 00:50:19.291
I DIDN\'T THINK IT WOULD BE
THAT SERIOUS.

00:50:19.292 --> 00:50:21.249
I THOUGHT IT WOULD JUST BE
ANOTHER RAID,

00:50:21.250 --> 00:50:23.041
TAKE OUR TRAPS AND
CAT-AND-MOUSE GAME.

00:50:23.042 --> 00:50:26.416
BUT THAT MORNING,
WHEN THEY RAN MY FRIENDS OVER,

00:50:26.417 --> 00:50:28.042
IT WAS SOMETHING ELSE.

00:50:30.375 --> 00:50:32.667
-HOLY FUCK!!

00:50:35.083 --> 00:50:36.917
-I THOUGHT THEY KILLED SOMEBODY.

00:50:36.918 --> 00:50:38.708
I COULDN\'T BELIEVE
WHAT THEY DID.

00:50:38.709 --> 00:50:41.998
IT HAPPENED SO FAST,
IT WAS UNBELIEVABLE.

00:50:41.999 --> 00:50:44.875
I THOUGHT THEY RAN MY FRIENDS
OVER AND THAT WAS IT.

00:50:44.876 --> 00:50:46.625
AND THEN I SEE MY FRIENDS
STAND UP

00:50:46.626 --> 00:50:49.625
AND I SEEN THE BOAT
TURN AROUND, MADE A CIRCLE,

00:50:49.626 --> 00:50:52.708
AND I THOUGHT THEY WERE JUST
GONNA PULL UP BESIDE THEM

00:50:52.709 --> 00:50:55.041
AND TRY TO ARREST THEM
AND DO THEIR THING,

00:50:55.042 --> 00:50:56.500
BUT THE BOAT DIDN\'T STOP

00:50:56.501 --> 00:50:58.791
AND JUST RAN OVER THEM
A SECOND TIME.

00:50:58.792 --> 00:51:02.626
THEY DIDN\'T THINK THE FIRST TIME
WAS GOOD ENOUGH.

00:51:04.834 --> 00:51:07.374
-HOLY FUCK!

00:51:07.375 --> 00:51:08.917
-OH, MY GOD!

00:51:08.918 --> 00:51:10.998
- AH! THEY\'RE GONNA GET
RUNNED OVER!

00:51:10.999 --> 00:51:14.042
- FUCK! THEY\'RE KNOCKING PEOPLE
IN THE WATER!

00:51:17.626 --> 00:51:19.625
[ Leo Bartibogue ]:
WHEN WE GOT TOWARDS THE BOAT,

00:51:19.626 --> 00:51:25.416
I SHOUTED AT MY BROTHER BRIAN
TO PULL THEM UP.

00:51:25.417 --> 00:51:28.625
AND HE WAS TRYING
TO PULL THEM UP, BUT...

00:51:28.626 --> 00:51:30.998
THESE OFFICERS WERE HITTING US
WITH BATONS,

00:51:30.999 --> 00:51:33.625
PREVENTING US FROM PICKING THEM
UP IN THE WATERS.

00:51:33.626 --> 00:51:36.041
SO HE WAS REALLY STRUGGLING
FOR HIS LIFE, HERE.

00:51:36.042 --> 00:51:39.998
A FEW OF OUR FRIENDS CREATED
A DIVERSION FOR THEM.

00:51:39.999 --> 00:51:42.998
SO THEY CAME AND STARTED
THROWING THINGS, LIKE ROCKS,

00:51:42.999 --> 00:51:48.917
AND THAT GAVE US ENOUGH TIME
TO LIFT THIS YOUNG INDIVIDUAL

00:51:48.918 --> 00:51:50.416
IN THE BOAT

00:51:50.417 --> 00:51:52.625
AND TAKE OFF FROM THERE.

00:51:52.626 --> 00:51:56.625
THERE\'S TIMES THAT YOU GET NUMB
TO IT A LITTLE BIT.

00:51:56.626 --> 00:51:58.625
AND THEN YOU START
REALIZING THAT,

00:51:58.626 --> 00:52:01.998
\"OKAY, WE MUST DO THIS,
WE MUST KEEP GOING.\"

00:52:01.999 --> 00:52:02.918
YOU KNOW, WE CANNOT...

00:52:02.919 --> 00:52:06.998
WE CANNOT STOP NOW. WE CANNOT
BOW DOWN TO THESE GUYS.

00:52:06.999 --> 00:52:10.917
AND WE DIDN\'T. SO I TIP
MY HAT OFF TO THESE YOUNG MEN,

00:52:10.918 --> 00:52:12.998
BECAUSE THEY GOT THE BOAT
OUT OF THE WATER,

00:52:12.999 --> 00:52:18.416
ABOUT MAYBE AN HOUR AFTER IT
HAPPENED, AND GOT ANOTHER MOTOR,

00:52:18.417 --> 00:52:22.625
PUT THE MOTOR BACK ON THE BOAT
AND OFF THEY WENT OUT AGAIN.

00:52:22.626 --> 00:52:25.374
- I DIDN\'T REALLY SEE
HOW BAD IT WAS

00:52:25.375 --> 00:52:29.917
UNTIL I SAW THE TAPE
OF WHAT HAPPENED.

00:52:29.918 --> 00:52:33.999
THAT WAS WHEN
IT WAS REALLY SCARY.

00:52:35.375 --> 00:52:39.416
BECAUSE I ALMOST DIED OUT THERE
AND...

00:52:39.417 --> 00:52:42.209
I DON\'T WANT TO LEAVE
MY KIDS YET.

00:52:43.000 --> 00:52:47.458
IT\'S HARD TO BELIEVE THAT
WE HAVE TO FIGHT THIS HARD

00:52:47.459 --> 00:52:50.209
FOR SOMETHING
THAT\'S OURS ALREADY.

00:52:51.083 --> 00:52:55.041
THIS FALL, IF THIS HAPPENS
AGAIN, I WON\'T BE OUT THERE.

00:52:55.042 --> 00:52:58.249
[ Alanis ]: NO?
- NO.

00:52:58.250 --> 00:52:59.209
I JUST DON\'T...

00:52:59.210 --> 00:53:02.625
IT\'S NOT TIME FOR ME
TO LEAVE THIS WORLD YET.

00:53:02.626 --> 00:53:05.918
DON\'T WANNA LEAVE MY KIDS YET.

00:53:07.000 --> 00:53:10.999
[ narrator ]: THE 2000 FALL
FISHING SEASON WAS OVER

00:53:11.000 --> 00:53:12.791
AND THE COST OF PREVENTING

00:53:12.792 --> 00:53:16.708
THE MI\'GMAQ PEOPLE FROM
EXERCISING THEIR RIGHTS

00:53:16.709 --> 00:53:18.999
WAS $15,000,000.

00:53:19.000 --> 00:53:21.666
- YOU THINK IT\'S GONNA END
TOMORROW? TODAY?

00:53:21.667 --> 00:53:24.626
NO. IT CONTINUES.

00:53:26.667 --> 00:53:28.625
UNTIL THE PEOPLE START
SEEING US...

00:53:28.626 --> 00:53:31.626
OR THE GOVERNMENT STARTS
SEEING US AS EQUALS.

00:53:32.999 --> 00:53:35.666
[ narrator ]: BY SPRING 2001,

00:53:35.667 --> 00:53:37.999
THE COMMUNITY STILL HAD NOT
SIGNED AN AGREEMENT

00:53:38.000 --> 00:53:39.666
WITH THE CANADIAN GOVERNMENT.

00:53:39.667 --> 00:53:44.208
HOWEVER, 31 OUT OF 35
MI\'GMAQ BANDS HAD SIGNED.

00:53:44.209 --> 00:53:49.998
THE PEOPLE OF ESGENOOPETITJ
HAD BECOME FRACTURED

00:53:49.999 --> 00:53:53.625
WITH THE INCREASING PRESSURE.

00:53:53.626 --> 00:53:55.998
AND THE AIR OF UNCERTAINTY
HUNG HEAVY

00:53:55.999 --> 00:54:00.667
WHILE WAITING FOR THE NEXT FALL
FISHING SEASON TO START.

00:54:03.667 --> 00:54:05.291
-I SEE PARTRIDGES

00:54:05.292 --> 00:54:12.082
AND SQUIRRELS, SNAKES,
SOMETIMES RACOONS.

00:54:12.083 --> 00:54:17.625
THIS WINTER, THERE WAS A
BABY SEAL ON THE WATER, LOST.

00:54:17.626 --> 00:54:19.208
AND IT WAS LONELY

00:54:19.209 --> 00:54:22.625
AND IT WAS ON THE ICEBERGS
ALL ALONE

00:54:22.626 --> 00:54:24.291
AND IT WAS JUST A BABY.

00:54:24.292 --> 00:54:30.625
- I SEEN SIX BEARS, ONE MOTHER
AND FIVE LITTLE BABY BEARS

00:54:30.626 --> 00:54:32.583
WAY DOWN NEAR THE HIGHWAY.

00:54:32.584 --> 00:54:34.374
MY DAD STOPPED
AND LOOKED AT THEM.

00:54:34.375 --> 00:54:36.791
THEY WERE CLIMBING UP
IN THE TREE.

00:54:36.792 --> 00:54:40.583
IT LOOKED REAL CUTE,
I REALLY LIKED THAT.

00:54:40.584 --> 00:54:41.998
[ narrator ]: MEANWHILE,

00:54:41.999 --> 00:54:44.999
THE MI\'GMAQ PEOPLE HAVE
TO RAISE MONEY TO GET TO COURT

00:54:45.000 --> 00:54:49.583
AND FACE THE CHARGES
FROM LAST YEAR\'S ARRESTS.

00:54:49.584 --> 00:54:54.625
[ Leo Bartibogue ]: WE DON\'T
HAVE ANY FUNDING TO GET COUNSEL.

00:54:54.626 --> 00:54:55.998
WE\'RE RUNNING OUT OF AVENUES,

00:54:55.999 --> 00:55:01.625
WE\'RE RUNNING OUT OF IDEAS
ON HOW TO BEAT THIS IN COURT.

00:55:01.626 --> 00:55:06.998
IT\'S VERY DIFFICULT FOR ALL
OF US TO STAND IN FRONT OF THEM

00:55:06.999 --> 00:55:08.625
AND WATCH THEM DECIDE OUR FATE.

00:55:08.626 --> 00:55:10.917
YOU KNOW, THEY\'RE SUPREME COURT
OF CANADA

00:55:10.918 --> 00:55:13.041
RECOGNIZED OUR INHERENT
RIGHT TO FISH

00:55:13.042 --> 00:55:14.998
AND THAT\'S ALL
WE\'VE BEEN DOING.

00:55:14.999 --> 00:55:18.998
I KNOW I HAVE A CHARGE
FOR ASSAULT AND OBSTRUCTION

00:55:18.999 --> 00:55:20.999
IN THE FISHERY ACT, YOU KNOW.

00:55:21.000 --> 00:55:27.374
AND ALSO CRIMINAL CODES
OF ASSAULT AND OBSTRUCTION.

00:55:27.375 --> 00:55:28.625
APPARENTLY,

00:55:28.626 --> 00:55:30.998
ONE OF THE DEPARTMENT
OFnFISHERIES AND OCEANS SAID

00:55:30.999 --> 00:55:33.166
THAT I BRUSHED UP ON HIM,

00:55:33.167 --> 00:55:36.666
TOUCHED HIM ON THE CHEST
OR WHATEVER IT WAS.

00:55:36.667 --> 00:55:39.917
AND THOSE ARE THE CHARGES
WE\'RE LOOKING AT.

00:55:39.918 --> 00:55:45.666
- I\'M TO BE SENTENCED ON MAY 29,
ON MY BIRTHDAY.

00:55:45.667 --> 00:55:51.291
BUT I\'LL BE FISHING AGAIN
RIGHT AFTER THAT,

00:55:51.292 --> 00:55:52.625
PROBABLY THE NEXT DAY.

00:55:52.626 --> 00:55:58.625
WHAT THE COURT IS DOING TO US
IS A PROCESS OF CRIMINALIZATION.

00:55:58.626 --> 00:55:59.998
I\'VE GOT NO CRIMINAL RECORD.

00:55:59.999 --> 00:56:05.416
I\'VE ALWAYS BEEN A STAND-UP
PERSON WITHIN MY OWN COMMUNITY.

00:56:05.417 --> 00:56:07.998
BUT WHEN I GO OUT
INTO THE WATER,

00:56:07.999 --> 00:56:12.041
VERY LIKELY I WILL GET CHARGED,
THERE WILL BE JAIL TIME.

00:56:12.042 --> 00:56:15.998
I HAVE TO ASK,
I MEAN, ARE WE AT WAR...

00:56:15.999 --> 00:56:17.625
IS THE CROWN AT WAR WITH US?

00:56:17.626 --> 00:56:20.208
- THINK WE\'RE GONNA GET
THAT LEGAL FUNDING?

00:56:20.209 --> 00:56:22.500
- I CERTAINLY HOPE SO.
I THINK SO.

00:56:22.501 --> 00:56:27.166
- THOSE ARE ALL OUR CHILDREN
WATCHING US COME OUT OF COURT.

00:56:27.167 --> 00:56:29.625
MY KID\'S ON THERE.

00:56:29.626 --> 00:56:31.791
[ child ]: UNCLE BRIAN!

00:56:31.792 --> 00:56:34.667
- THAT\'S THE BURNT CHURCH BUS,
HEY? YEAH.

00:56:38.209 --> 00:56:42.291
- YOU\'VE DRAGGED US CRIMINALS
IN FRONT OF OUR CHILDREN, HEY?

00:56:42.292 --> 00:56:44.626
[ honking ]

00:56:47.501 --> 00:56:52.500
- THE LEGAL SIDE WAS DEFINITELY
ANOTHER CRISIS THAT WE FACED.

00:56:52.501 --> 00:56:54.041
THERE WERE PROBLEMS
WITH DISCLOSURES.

00:56:54.042 --> 00:56:58.998
THERE WAS PROBLEMS WITH HAVING
NO LEGAL COUNSEL ON RECORD

00:56:58.999 --> 00:57:01.625
TO OBTAIN THE DISCLOSURES.

00:57:01.626 --> 00:57:03.166
PEOPLE WERE BEING CHARGED

00:57:03.167 --> 00:57:05.291
AND NOT KNOWING WHY
THEY WERE BEING CHARGED,

00:57:05.292 --> 00:57:08.041
OR WHAT OFFENCE THAT
THEY HAD COMMITTED.

00:57:08.042 --> 00:57:10.998
ALL THEY KNEW WAS THAT
THEY WERE GOING OUT FISHING

00:57:10.999 --> 00:57:13.625
TO EXERCISE THEIR TREATY RIGHTS

00:57:13.626 --> 00:57:16.625
AND THAT WOULD BE THE END OF IT.

00:57:16.626 --> 00:57:17.998
AND HERE WE ARE TODAY.

00:57:17.999 --> 00:57:21.249
[ Brian Bartibogue ]: I KNOW MY
GRANDPARENTS, 11,000 YEARS AGO,

00:57:21.250 --> 00:57:24.625
FISHED THE SAME TERRITORY I DO
AND NOT ONE,

00:57:24.626 --> 00:57:27.082
NO ONE SITTING IN THIS ROOM
BESIDES ABORIGINAL PEOPLE

00:57:27.083 --> 00:57:30.998
CAN SAY THAT. AND I HAVE TO SIT
HERE AND PROVE TO YOU...

00:57:30.999 --> 00:57:32.625
IT IS A DISGRACE.

00:57:32.626 --> 00:57:36.625
MR. LEVOI, HE WOULD LIKE
TO SAY THAT SERIOUSNESS

00:57:36.626 --> 00:57:37.999
IS ONLY MEASURED BY A JAIL TERM.

00:57:38.000 --> 00:57:41.999
I\'LL TELL YOU, FROM THE POVERTY
OF MY FIRST NATION,

00:57:42.000 --> 00:57:44.625
SERIOUSNESS IS MEASURED
IN A LOT OF DIFFERENT WAYS.

00:57:44.626 --> 00:57:46.249
TO HAVE CHILDREN COME UP TO YOU

00:57:46.250 --> 00:57:48.666
WITH BLOOD TRICKLING DOWN
FROM THEIR FACES

00:57:48.667 --> 00:57:50.416
BECAUSE WHERE THEY LIVE,

00:57:50.417 --> 00:57:53.625
AND TO BE TOLD,
\"OH, IT\'S NOT SERIOUS.\"

00:57:53.626 --> 00:57:55.875
THE RAMIFICATIONS OF
WHAT HAPPENED HERE TODAY,

00:57:55.876 --> 00:57:58.666
IF IT GOES IN
A NEGATIVE DIRECTION,

00:57:58.667 --> 00:58:01.998
IT VERY WELL COULD COST
OUR PEOPLE\'S LIVES.

00:58:01.999 --> 00:58:03.999
GETTING THE STATE-FUNDED COUNSEL

00:58:04.000 --> 00:58:09.082
IS TO MAKE SURE THAT OUR DEFENCE
IS THE BEST POSSIBLE DEFENCE

00:58:09.083 --> 00:58:12.208
THEY CAN COME UP WITH
WITHIN YOUR COURT SYSTEM.

00:58:12.209 --> 00:58:17.458
SO, I WOULD LIKE TO RESPECTFULLY
SUBMIT THOSE ARGUMENTS TO YOU,

00:58:17.459 --> 00:58:20.791
THAT THIS IS IN THE INTEREST
OF FAIRNESS.

00:58:20.792 --> 00:58:23.791
- ULTIMATELY, THE ISSUE
IS ONE OF SOCIAL JUSTICE,

00:58:23.792 --> 00:58:27.416
THE RIGHTS OR ARGUMENTS
ALONG THE WAY.

00:58:27.417 --> 00:58:29.374
BUT WHAT WE\'RE REALLY
TALKING ABOUT

00:58:29.375 --> 00:58:33.166
IS ADDRESSING A MASSIVE
DISPOSSESSION,

00:58:33.167 --> 00:58:34.249
MASS DENIAL OF RIGHTS,

00:58:34.250 --> 00:58:36.791
DENIAL OF ACCESS
TO MEANS OF SUBSISTENCE.

00:58:36.792 --> 00:58:38.625
IT\'S A DISASTER TO HAVE
THE GOVERNMENTS

00:58:38.626 --> 00:58:42.374
TAKING THIS VERY
HARD LINE AND SAYING, YOU KNOW,

00:58:42.375 --> 00:58:43.625
\"SHOW US IN EVERY CASE,

00:58:43.626 --> 00:58:46.374
BLUEBERRY BUSH BY BLUEBERRY BUSH
AND FISHERY BY FISHERY

00:58:46.375 --> 00:58:48.625
AND TREATY BY TREATY
AND COMMUNITY BY COMMUNITY

00:58:48.626 --> 00:58:51.625
THAT YOU STILL HAVE THE RIGHTS,
OR THESE RIGHTS EXIST.\"

00:58:51.626 --> 00:58:53.998
BECAUSE THEY\'RE CREATING

00:58:53.999 --> 00:58:58.625
RESENTMENT AND PENT-UP DESIRE

00:58:58.626 --> 00:58:59.292
FOR ECONOMIC BENEFIT,

00:58:59.293 --> 00:59:02.625
WHICH WILL COME BACK TO HAUNT
THEM, IT SEEMS TO ME.

00:59:02.626 --> 00:59:05.082
I MEAN, WHAT MESSAGE
ARE YOU SENDING PEOPLE?

00:59:05.083 --> 00:59:06.998
THEY GO TO THE COURT,
THEY WIN...

00:59:06.999 --> 00:59:08.917
THE GOVERNMENT DOESN\'T
RESPECT THE DECISION.

00:59:08.918 --> 00:59:11.416
SO WHAT DO YOU EXPECT
PEOPLE TO DO?

00:59:11.417 --> 00:59:12.791
WHAT ARE YOU TEACHING YOUR KIDS?

00:59:12.792 --> 00:59:15.999
THAT THE BEST THING TO DO
IS TO PICK UP A GUN.

00:59:16.000 --> 00:59:19.625
IT\'S ENCOURAGING THE MOST
RADICAL KIND OF RESPONSE,

00:59:19.626 --> 00:59:21.998
WHICH IS JUST SCARY.

00:59:21.999 --> 00:59:23.708
-I CAN\'T RESPECT THESE PEOPLE

00:59:23.709 --> 00:59:25.875
BECAUSE OF WHAT THEY\'VE DONE
TO OUR PEOPLE

00:59:25.876 --> 00:59:27.666
AND WHAT THEY\'VE DONE
TO OUR CHILDREN.

00:59:27.667 --> 00:59:30.875
THEY HAVE SCARRED OUR COMMUNITY
A GREAT DEAL.

00:59:30.876 --> 00:59:33.625
AND THEN THEY GO BACK
TO THEIR COURTS

00:59:33.626 --> 00:59:36.374
AND THEY SIT THERE
LIKE THEY\'RE THE GOOD GUYS.

00:59:36.375 --> 00:59:40.999
- DO YOU NEED A LIGHT?
DO YOU NEED A FLASHLIGHT?

00:59:41.000 --> 00:59:43.291
-BE CAREFUL!

00:59:43.292 --> 00:59:45.625
[ Leo Bartibogue ]:
WHEN THEY CHOKED OUT

00:59:45.626 --> 00:59:47.291
A FEW OF OUR BOYS OUT THERE,

00:59:47.292 --> 00:59:49.625
ONE OF THEM HAPPENED
TO BE MY BROTHER.

00:59:49.626 --> 00:59:52.291
HE WAS JUST COMING HOME
ON THE BOAT THERE.

00:59:52.292 --> 00:59:55.583
THEY GOT TWO ZODIAKS RAMMING IT,
THEY BOARDED IT

00:59:55.584 --> 00:59:57.625
AND HE HAD TO JUMP IN THE WATER.

00:59:57.626 --> 01:00:01.041
HE STAYED IN THE WATER
APPROXIMATELY AN HOUR, AT NIGHT,

01:00:01.042 --> 01:00:02.998
TO STAY AWAY FROM THESE GUYS.

01:00:02.999 --> 01:00:04.875
- YOUR CHILDREN WILL BE
EMBARRASSED

01:00:04.876 --> 01:00:06.041
BY WHAT YOU\'RE DOING HERE!

01:00:06.042 --> 01:00:09.625
- HE WENT RIGHT BY OUR FACE
AND HE TOOK OUT HIS GUN

01:00:09.626 --> 01:00:11.625
AND HE POINTED IT RIGHT AT ME.

01:00:11.626 --> 01:00:13.708
I SAID, \"SHOOT! SHOOT ME!\"

01:00:13.709 --> 01:00:15.999
- THEY CALLED MY BROTHER IN
THAT NIGHT

01:00:16.000 --> 01:00:19.625
AND ASKED HIM TO COME BACK
ON THE BOAT

01:00:19.626 --> 01:00:21.500
AND NOBODY WILL HARM HIM.

01:00:21.501 --> 01:00:21.999
AND, YOU KNOW,

01:00:22.000 --> 01:00:23.998
HE\'S SPEAKING TO HIM
IN OUR LANGUAGE.

01:00:23.999 --> 01:00:27.625
SURE ENOUGH, MY BROTHER SWIMS
AND WHEN HE GETS ON BOARD,

01:00:27.626 --> 01:00:32.374
THEY ALL GRAB HIM CHOKE HIM OUT
AND PUT A BEATING ON HIM.

01:00:32.375 --> 01:00:34.625
THEY BRUISED HIS KNEES
AND HIS ANKLES

01:00:34.626 --> 01:00:36.625
AND HE HAD MARKS
AROUND HIS THROAT.

01:00:36.626 --> 01:00:39.082
YOU KNOW, THAT\'S THE KIND
OF STUFF THAT THEY DID.

01:00:39.083 --> 01:00:41.082
[ Brian Bartibogue ]: MY BODY
WAS DAMAGED IN SEVERAL AREAS:

01:00:41.083 --> 01:00:44.500
MY KNEES, THE BACK OF MY NECK,
MY LOWER BACK, MY TAILBONE.

01:00:44.501 --> 01:00:46.998
I WAS CHOKED TO UNCONSCIOUSNESS
AND ROUGHED UP PRETTY BAD.

01:00:46.999 --> 01:00:53.998
I WAS SHACKLED DOWN TO THE POINT
WHERE THE CIRCULATION ON MY FOOT

01:00:53.999 --> 01:00:57.667
WAS ACTUALLY TURNING PURPLE.

01:00:58.626 --> 01:01:01.583
I MYSELF COME FROM
A LAW-ENFORCEMENT BACKGROUND.

01:01:01.584 --> 01:01:03.998
I\'M A FORMER CONSTABLE FROM
BURNT CHURCH FIRST NATION.

01:01:03.999 --> 01:01:06.999
WENT WITH THE RCMP
FOR A SHORT PERIOD OF TIME

01:01:07.000 --> 01:01:08.625
IN AN ABORIGINAL
TRAINING PROGRAM.

01:01:08.626 --> 01:01:12.998
FROM THERE, I MOVED TO CHIEF
OF POLICE IN MY FIRST NATIONS.

01:01:12.999 --> 01:01:15.625
SO MY CHILDREN, MY TWO BOYS,
ISAAC AND DARRIEN,

01:01:15.626 --> 01:01:19.625
WERE BOTH RAISED WITH ME BEING
A POLICE OFFICER

01:01:19.626 --> 01:01:22.625
AND THE SADDEST PART
OF THAT TIME WAS

01:01:22.626 --> 01:01:27.458
WHEN MY CHILDREN HAD ASKED ME
IF I WAS A BAD GUY.

01:01:27.459 --> 01:01:31.625
- I FELT SAD BECAUSE
OF ALL WHAT HAPPENED

01:01:31.626 --> 01:01:34.458
TO ALL THE PEOPLE THAT...

01:01:34.459 --> 01:01:37.791
THEM FIGHTING FOR OUR RIGHTS
OF FISHING AND NOW THEY\'RE...

01:01:37.792 --> 01:01:40.249
A COUPLE OF THEM WERE
IN THE HOSPITAL

01:01:40.250 --> 01:01:43.833
AND THEY\'RE GETTING HIT
AND EVERYTHING.

01:01:43.834 --> 01:01:46.625
- I WOKE UP IN THE NIGHT
AND I SEEN THEM.

01:01:46.626 --> 01:01:51.208
I SEEN THEM RAMMING MY DAD
AND EVERYBODY ELSE.

01:01:51.209 --> 01:01:54.625
I WISH THEY NEVER DID THAT,

01:01:54.626 --> 01:01:56.416
BECAUSE THEY THINK
WE\'RE JUST TRYING

01:01:56.417 --> 01:02:01.208
TO NOT SHARE WITH OUR LOBSTER.
WE COULD SHARE.

01:02:01.209 --> 01:02:05.625
- I\'M MAD. IT\'S LIKE
THEY\'RE JUST TRYING TO...

01:02:05.626 --> 01:02:10.667
DESTROY EVERYTHING
THAT WE HAVE AND TAKE OVER.

01:02:12.417 --> 01:02:16.708
- I DON\'T KNOW, LIKE,
WHAT THEY\'LL DO NEXT.

01:02:16.709 --> 01:02:20.209
THEY MIGHT EVEN ACCIDENTALLY
KILL SOMEBODY.

01:02:22.667 --> 01:02:24.998
[ narrator ]:
LAST YEAR\'S TROUBLED WATERS

01:02:24.999 --> 01:02:27.458
LEFT THE PARENTS AND CHILDREN

01:02:27.459 --> 01:02:29.625
WITH A FEELING
OF DISCOURAGEMENT.

01:02:29.626 --> 01:02:33.041
A SUMMER CAMP WAS ORGANIZED

01:02:33.042 --> 01:02:36.833
AND A CIRCLE WAS CREATED

01:02:36.834 --> 01:02:38.998
WHERE ALL COULD BELONG.

01:02:38.999 --> 01:02:42.500
[ Miigam\'agan ]:
THEY\'VE HAD QUITE AN IMMERSION

01:02:42.501 --> 01:02:43.998
OF THEIR CULTURE.

01:02:43.999 --> 01:02:48.416
IT WAS REENACTED,
HOW OUR COMMUNITIES

01:02:48.417 --> 01:02:50.998
WERE 30-40 YEARS AGO.

01:02:50.999 --> 01:02:54.041
AND I\'M QUOTING AN ELDER
FROM OUR COMMUNITY,

01:02:54.042 --> 01:02:57.917
THAT THIS IS THE LIFESTYLE
THAT HE REMEMBERS.

01:02:57.918 --> 01:03:01.625
WE WERE, YOU KNOW,
SHARING OUR FOOD

01:03:01.626 --> 01:03:03.041
AND LIVING TOGETHER.

01:03:03.042 --> 01:03:04.374
IT WAS REALLY WHOLESOME.

01:03:04.375 --> 01:03:06.998
[ Luke Mitchell ]:
WE HAD ACTIVITIES.

01:03:06.999 --> 01:03:09.625
WE HAD MARSHMALLOWS AT NIGHT,

01:03:09.626 --> 01:03:13.999
WE LEARNED HOW TO DRUM,
WE LEARNED HOW TO MAKE BASKETS,

01:03:14.000 --> 01:03:18.249
AND CRAFTS OUT OF CLAY.

01:03:18.250 --> 01:03:21.625
[ MIIGAM\'AGAN ]:
WE HAD ALSO TEENAGERS THERE

01:03:21.626 --> 01:03:23.625
WHO WERE VOLUNTEERING.

01:03:23.626 --> 01:03:24.998
THERE WERE CAMP LEADERS.

01:03:24.999 --> 01:03:28.708
THE YOUNGER ONES REALLY LOOKED
UP TO THEM AS ROLE MODELS.

01:03:28.709 --> 01:03:33.500
IT WAS SUCH A SUCCESS
ALL THE WAY AROUND.

01:03:33.501 --> 01:03:36.998
PART OF THE OBJECTIVE
OF THIS CAMP WAS ALSO

01:03:36.999 --> 01:03:42.041
TO TRY AND ESTABLISH
A HEALTHIER RELATIONSHIP

01:03:42.042 --> 01:03:44.625
WITH THE AUTHORITIES.

01:03:44.626 --> 01:03:46.791
IT WAS A MIRACLE TO SEE

01:03:46.792 --> 01:03:51.583
THE CANADIAN ARMY
AND ABORIGINAL RANGERS

01:03:51.584 --> 01:03:55.500
WORK TOGETHER TO BUILD...

01:03:55.501 --> 01:03:57.625
TO PUT UP THE CAMPS
FOR THE YOUTH.

01:03:57.626 --> 01:03:59.583
AND OUR CHILDREN GOT TO WITNESS

01:03:59.584 --> 01:04:02.666
THAT THIS WAS ALL FOR THEM.

01:04:02.667 --> 01:04:04.791
[ Leo Bartibogue ]:
WE HAVE OUR OWN WAY WITH THEM.

01:04:04.792 --> 01:04:08.166
LIKE WE TAKE \'EM OFF A LITTLE
FURTHER DOWN THE RIVER, MAYBE,

01:04:08.167 --> 01:04:10.625
AND LET THEM DO WHATEVER
THEY WANT ON A BOAT.

01:04:10.626 --> 01:04:13.583
LIKE WE KIND OF DRIVE
A LITTLE FAST WITH THEM

01:04:13.584 --> 01:04:16.458
AND THEY JUMP OFF THE BOAT.
AND THAT\'S WHAT THEY LIKE.

01:04:16.459 --> 01:04:20.082
WE CAN\'T DO THAT IN FRONT OF THE
COUNSELLORS. THEY\'D GET UPSET.

01:04:20.083 --> 01:04:22.625
[ Miigam\'agan ]:
IT WAS GOOD TO SEE

01:04:22.626 --> 01:04:26.708
THAT THEY WERE FEELING SAFE
ENOUGH TO START TO SHARE

01:04:26.709 --> 01:04:31.625
HOW THEY FELT ABOUT
WHAT HAPPENED LAST YEAR.

01:04:31.626 --> 01:04:34.998
AND DURING THE SWEAT-LODGE
CEREMONIES,

01:04:34.999 --> 01:04:36.833
IT WAS SOMETHING TO WITNESS,

01:04:36.834 --> 01:04:40.998
AND HEAR THEM TALK
ABOUT THEIR PRAYERS,

01:04:40.999 --> 01:04:45.791
THAT THE FEDERAL AUTHORITIES
LEAVE THEIR PARENTS ALONE,

01:04:45.792 --> 01:04:49.833
LET US FISH IN PEACE;
IT\'S OUR CULTURE.

01:04:49.834 --> 01:04:51.625
AND SO...

01:04:51.626 --> 01:04:55.998
YOU KNOW, HEARING THEM
SAY THAT IS LIKE, UM...

01:04:55.999 --> 01:04:59.998
MAKES ME FEEL HOPEFUL THAT...

01:04:59.999 --> 01:05:06.999
THAT WE\'RE GOING TO HAVE,
YOU KNOW, A VERY STRONG FUTURE.

01:05:07.000 --> 01:05:10.833
[ narrator ]:
BACK IN THE COURTROOM,

01:05:10.834 --> 01:05:12.416
THE JUDGE\'S DECISION WAS

01:05:12.417 --> 01:05:15.583
THAT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
SHOULD PROVIDE FUNDING

01:05:15.584 --> 01:05:18.626
FOR THE MI\'GMAQ\'S LEGAL COUNSEL.

01:05:21.292 --> 01:05:23.998
- I FEEL OPTIMISTIC.
IT\'S BEEN A REALLY LONG HAUL...

01:05:23.999 --> 01:05:29.041
LOOKING FOR LEGAL CONSULTATION.

01:05:29.042 --> 01:05:32.998
WE HAVEN\'T BEEN TOO SUCCESSFUL
IN RAISING THE FUNDS

01:05:32.999 --> 01:05:39.998
THAT WE NEED TO GET PROPER
LEGAL ADVICE AND REPRESENTATION.

01:05:39.999 --> 01:05:46.166
SO I HOPE THAT THIS DECISION
ON THE ONE CASE FOLLOWS THROUGH

01:05:46.167 --> 01:05:47.458
IN THE REST OF THEM,

01:05:47.459 --> 01:05:51.625
BECAUSE THEY\'RE ALL COMPLEX AND
IT IS A VERY IMPORTANT ISSUE.

01:05:51.626 --> 01:05:52.998
AND LIKE THE JUDGE SAID,

01:05:52.999 --> 01:05:55.791
IT AFFECTS MANY, MANY, MANY
ABORIGINAL PEOPLE, IF NOT ALL.

01:05:55.792 --> 01:05:59.625
- BUT TODAY\'S A GOOD DAY.
IT\'S GOOD NEWS FOR ALL OF US.

01:05:59.626 --> 01:06:02.666
- WHAT IS THE COST
TO THE CANADIAN PEOPLE

01:06:02.667 --> 01:06:05.416
AND THE TAXPAYERS
FOR DENYING ABORIGINAL RIGHTS?

01:06:05.417 --> 01:06:08.998
IT\'S BECOMING MORE EXPENSIVE
TO DENY ABORIGINAL PEOPLE

01:06:08.999 --> 01:06:11.666
THAN IT IS TO ALLOW THEM
TO EXIST

01:06:11.667 --> 01:06:14.291
UNDER THEIR OWN SOVEREIGNTY
AND JURISDICTION

01:06:14.292 --> 01:06:16.625
AND DEAL WITH THEM
IN A GOOD-FAITH MANNER

01:06:16.626 --> 01:06:19.209
ON A NATION-TO-NATION BASIS.

01:06:20.626 --> 01:06:23.416
[ narrator ]: IN AUGUST 2001,

01:06:23.417 --> 01:06:26.082
THE COMMUNITY HELD
ITS BI-ANNUAL ELECTION.

01:06:26.083 --> 01:06:29.625
THE CURRENT CHIEF, WILBUR DEDAM,
AND LEO BARTIBOGUE

01:06:29.626 --> 01:06:30.998
RAN FOR CHIEF.

01:06:30.999 --> 01:06:34.875
CHIEF DEDAM WAS REELECTED
BY A VERY CLOSE MARGIN,

01:06:34.876 --> 01:06:38.458
WITH A FEW CHANGES
IN HIS COUNCIL.

01:06:38.459 --> 01:06:40.998
LEO WAS ELECTED AS
A BAND COUNCILLOR.

01:06:40.999 --> 01:06:43.625
THE PRE-ELECTION ANXIETY

01:06:43.626 --> 01:06:46.291
AND THE CONTINUED PRESSURE
FROM THE GOVERNMENT

01:06:46.292 --> 01:06:49.625
TO SIGN AN AGREEMENT
WITH THE BAND COUNCIL

01:06:49.626 --> 01:06:51.998
LEFT THE COMMUNITY TORN APART.

01:06:51.999 --> 01:06:56.416
AND ANOTHER FISHING SEASON WAS
ABOUT TO BEGIN.

01:06:56.417 --> 01:07:00.625
- THERE\'S ABOUT 1,300 PEOPLE HERE
ON THE RESERVE.

01:07:00.626 --> 01:07:03.416
[ Alanis ]:
AND THE MAJORITY IS VERY YOUNG?

01:07:03.417 --> 01:07:06.082
- OH, THE MAJORITY HERE
IS VERY YOUNG.

01:07:06.083 --> 01:07:08.998
YEAH, THERE\'S A LOT OF YOUNG
PEOPLE HERE THAT\'S...

01:07:08.999 --> 01:07:12.041
THAT\'S THE ONES I WENT TO GO SEE
A LOT DURING THE ELECTION.

01:07:12.042 --> 01:07:14.998
THEY CAME HERE,
WE TALKED ABOUT A LOT OF THINGS.

01:07:14.999 --> 01:07:18.249
THERE ISN\'T REALLY TOO MUCH FOR
THEM TO DO ON THE RESERVATION.

01:07:18.250 --> 01:07:20.625
IT\'S SO BOXED IN,
THERE\'S NOT MUCH TO DO.

01:07:20.626 --> 01:07:24.249
THERE\'S NO DANCES,
THERE\'S NO PLAYGROUND FOR THEM,

01:07:24.250 --> 01:07:26.998
THERE\'S NO BASKETBALL COURT,
NO BASEBALL...

01:07:26.999 --> 01:07:30.625
THERE\'S NOTHING LIKE THAT
FOR THEM TO DO AROUND HERE.

01:07:30.626 --> 01:07:32.374
YOU CAN IMAGINE WHAT,

01:07:32.375 --> 01:07:34.625
IF THERE\'S NOTHING HERE
FOR THEM TO DO,

01:07:34.626 --> 01:07:36.625
WHAT\'S LEFT, YOU KNOW?

01:07:36.626 --> 01:07:38.208
THERE\'S DRUGS AND ALCOHOL.

01:07:38.209 --> 01:07:40.625
AND YOU KNOW WHAT IT LEADS TO
AFTER THAT:

01:07:40.626 --> 01:07:42.625
SUICIDE, STUFF LIKE THAT.

01:07:42.626 --> 01:07:46.041
A LOT OF PEOPLE ARE ANXIOUS
TO GO BACK TO FISHING.

01:07:46.042 --> 01:07:49.082
I KNOW I AM.
THAT\'S PART OF MY LIFE.

01:07:49.083 --> 01:07:50.999
[ A boat goes by. ]

01:07:51.000 --> 01:07:53.208
[ Alanis ]: IS THAT BRIAN?

01:07:53.209 --> 01:07:55.791
-YEAH. HA! HA! HA!

01:07:55.792 --> 01:07:58.625
CRAZY BRIAN!

01:07:58.626 --> 01:08:01.583
HE\'S SOMETHING ELSE, HEY?

01:08:01.584 --> 01:08:03.708
HE\'S A GOOD GUY, BRIAN. YEAH.

01:08:03.709 --> 01:08:06.374
HE CARES A LOT ABOUT
THE COMMUNITY, TOO.

01:08:06.375 --> 01:08:08.625
[ Alanis ]:
HE DIDN\'T RUN THIS YEAR?

01:08:08.626 --> 01:08:11.209
-NO, HE DIDN\'T RUN.

01:08:12.167 --> 01:08:14.667
[ laughter ]

01:08:18.876 --> 01:08:22.041
- THE RESULTS OF THE ELECTION
HAVE BEEN DISAPPOINTING FOR ME,

01:08:22.042 --> 01:08:24.667
I\'M NOT GONNA HIDE THAT.

01:08:25.626 --> 01:08:28.666
THE CURRENT LEADERSHIP
AND THE BALANCE OF POWER

01:08:28.667 --> 01:08:31.666
HAVE SHIFTED TO LEADERSHIP
THAT\'S BEEN PRONE

01:08:31.667 --> 01:08:33.374
TO SIGNING AGREEMENTS

01:08:33.375 --> 01:08:36.625
OR HOPING THAT THE COMMUNITY
WILL PREVAIL,

01:08:36.626 --> 01:08:38.082
THAT THE COMMUNITY WILL STAND UP

01:08:38.083 --> 01:08:40.998
AND CONTINUE TO DEFEND
THEIR TREATY RIGHT AND...

01:08:40.999 --> 01:08:44.666
IF THE PEOPLE LEAD, YOU KNOW,
OUR LEADERS WILL FOLLOW.

01:08:44.667 --> 01:08:48.166
AND THAT\'S WHAT GOT US
TO THIS POINT SO FAR,

01:08:48.167 --> 01:08:50.998
THAT OUR COMMUNITY WILL HAS BEEN
VERY STRONG

01:08:50.999 --> 01:08:52.625
IN THE DEFENCE OF OUR TREATIES

01:08:52.626 --> 01:08:55.999
AND WE WON\'T ALLOW
ANY INDIAN ACT CHIEF AND COUNCIL

01:08:56.000 --> 01:08:57.583
TO INTERFERE WITH THAT.

01:08:57.584 --> 01:09:01.999
AND I THINK THAT IS WHAT IS
ECHOING THROUGHOUT THIS COUNTRY,

01:09:02.000 --> 01:09:05.458
THAT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
INITIATIVES AND POLICIES

01:09:05.459 --> 01:09:07.876
NO LONGER WILL DO.

01:09:09.626 --> 01:09:11.998
- IT REMAINS THE DECISION
OF BURNT CHURCH

01:09:11.999 --> 01:09:14.249
NOT TO ENTER INTO
AN INTERIM AGREEMENT

01:09:14.250 --> 01:09:15.998
AS PROPOSED BY
THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT,

01:09:15.999 --> 01:09:19.416
BUT TO FISH UNDER OUR OWN
FISHERIES MANAGEMENT PLAN.

01:09:19.417 --> 01:09:22.917
- CHIEF AND COUNCIL\'S
LOOKING FOR SOLUTIONS

01:09:22.918 --> 01:09:24.791
WITHIN THE CANADIAN SYSTEM.

01:09:24.792 --> 01:09:26.291
AS LONG AS CHIEF AND COUNCIL\'S
IS WILLING

01:09:26.292 --> 01:09:28.875
TO STAY ON THE RIGHT PATH
AND FIGHT FOR THEIR PEOPLE,

01:09:28.876 --> 01:09:30.458
WE\'LL ALWAYS BE WILLING
TO BACK THEM UP.

01:09:30.459 --> 01:09:32.625
\'CAUSE WE DON\'T SEE THEM
JUST AS CHIEF AND COUNCIL,

01:09:32.626 --> 01:09:34.625
WE ALSO SEE THEM
AS MEMBERS OF OUR COMMUNITY.

01:09:34.626 --> 01:09:35.708
AND WE\'LL BE WILLING
TO BACK THEM

01:09:35.709 --> 01:09:38.041
AS LONG AS THEY\'RE DOING
THE RIGHT THING FOR THE PEOPLE.

01:09:38.042 --> 01:09:39.917
IF THEY DO SOMETHING THAT\'S
DETRIMENTAL TO THE PEOPLE,

01:09:39.918 --> 01:09:43.041
THEN WE HAVE NO CHOICE: WE HAVE
TO TURN AROUND AND TELL THEM,

01:09:43.042 --> 01:09:43.999
\"WE DON\'T RECOGNIZE
YOUR ACTIONS.

01:09:44.000 --> 01:09:45.625
WE CAN NO LONGER SUPPORT
WHAT YOU\'RE DOING

01:09:45.626 --> 01:09:48.500
AND WE\'LL GO OUT AND DEFEND
THE PEOPLE THAT WISH TO FISH

01:09:48.501 --> 01:09:49.417
ACCORDING TO
THEIR INHERENT RIGHT.\"

01:09:49.418 --> 01:09:53.999
- I, MYSELF, I JUST WANT
EVERYTHING TO STOP.

01:09:54.000 --> 01:09:56.041
I WANT US INDIANS TO FISH.

01:09:56.042 --> 01:10:00.625
I WANT US TO LIVE OUR LIVES
THE WAY WE USED TO BE.

01:10:00.626 --> 01:10:06.875
THIS IS OUR CULTURE,
OUR WAY OF LIFE.

01:10:06.876 --> 01:10:08.791
US PEOPLE THAT DON\'T HAVE JOBS,

01:10:08.792 --> 01:10:11.626
THAT ARE STILL ON
SOCIAL ASSISTANCE...

01:10:12.918 --> 01:10:18.625
THAT CAN\'T EVEN GO OUT IN THE
REAL WORLD AND TRY TO GET A JOB.

01:10:18.626 --> 01:10:21.041
WE TRY BUT WE CAN\'T.

01:10:21.042 --> 01:10:26.625
SOME PEOPLE DO, UH...

01:10:26.626 --> 01:10:28.625
REJECT US, YOU KNOW?

01:10:28.626 --> 01:10:31.998
THEY DON\'T... THEY WON\'T GIVE US
A JOB, SOME OF THEM.

01:10:31.999 --> 01:10:33.998
BECAUSE OF OUR COLOUR, MAYBE.

01:10:33.999 --> 01:10:36.998
OR THE WAY WE LIVE OR SOMETHING.

01:10:36.999 --> 01:10:38.708
I\'M NOT TOO SURE.

01:10:38.709 --> 01:10:41.249
WE ONLY HAVE THIS AND THE WOODS.

01:10:41.250 --> 01:10:43.998
IF THEY SHUT THIS DOWN,
WE HAVE NOTHING.

01:10:43.999 --> 01:10:48.208
- YOU KNOW, IT\'S BAD ENOUGH YOU
GO AND CASH YOUR WELFARE CHEQUE.

01:10:48.209 --> 01:10:51.625
EVERYBODY IN THE NON-NATIVE
COMMUNITY KNOWS;

01:10:51.626 --> 01:10:55.625
WE GO AND WE CASH OUR WELFARE
CHEQUES AT THEIR STORES.

01:10:55.626 --> 01:11:00.500
THEY LOOK AT US, \"YEAH,
WE\'RE ON WELFARE, YOU KNOW.\"

01:11:00.501 --> 01:11:02.667
BUT...

01:11:05.501 --> 01:11:07.209
THE...

01:11:08.459 --> 01:11:12.667
THE FEELING OF HAVING IT
BOUNCE...

01:11:16.918 --> 01:11:18.791
WILL...

01:11:18.792 --> 01:11:20.625
IT KILLS YOUR SPIRIT.

01:11:20.626 --> 01:11:22.625
ARE PEOPLE WILLING
TO MAKE A CHANGE?

01:11:22.626 --> 01:11:26.500
ARE THEY WILLING TO OPEN UP
THEIR EYES AND SEE?

01:11:26.501 --> 01:11:28.041
OR DO THEY JUST NOT CARE?

01:11:28.042 --> 01:11:30.875
OR HAS IT BEEN 500 YEARS
OF OPPRESSION

01:11:30.876 --> 01:11:34.041
THAT\'S GOT US TO THIS POINT
WHERE...

01:11:34.042 --> 01:11:40.167
WE\'RE PSYCHOLOGICALLY INCAPABLE
OF MAKING IT CHANGE?

01:11:42.792 --> 01:11:45.666
I DON\'T KNOW.

01:11:45.667 --> 01:11:48.209
WE CAN\'T DO IT.

01:11:50.292 --> 01:11:52.708
I MEAN, IT\'S NOT LIKE
IT WAS FIVE YEARS,

01:11:52.709 --> 01:11:54.875
THIS JUST HAPPENED
IN THE PAST FIVE YEARS.

01:11:54.876 --> 01:11:56.999
THIS TAKES YEARS
AND YEARS AND YEARS.

01:11:57.000 --> 01:12:01.833
AND GENERATION AFTER GENERATION.

01:12:01.834 --> 01:12:04.209
-WHOO!

01:12:09.999 --> 01:12:14.208
- ONE DAY, I WAS TALKING TO A KID
AND HE WAS TALKING ABOUT

01:12:14.209 --> 01:12:18.374
HOW HE CAN\'T WAIT \'TIL
HE GETS HIS OWN WELFARE.

01:12:18.375 --> 01:12:21.416
I MEAN...

01:12:21.417 --> 01:12:24.625
THAT\'S NOT RIGHT.
I DON\'T LIKE THAT.

01:12:24.626 --> 01:12:30.667
SO I TALKED TO HIM
AND TALKED ABOUT FISHING AND...

01:12:32.042 --> 01:12:34.583
OR WORKING IN THE WOODS.

01:12:34.584 --> 01:12:38.998
YOU KNOW, THERE\'S MORE THAN
JUST HAVING WELFARE, YOU KNOW?

01:12:38.999 --> 01:12:40.998
IT REALLY GOT ME GOING.

01:12:40.999 --> 01:12:44.625
IF WE STAND NOW AND HAVE

01:12:44.626 --> 01:12:46.998
THE RIGHT TO FISH IN THE FUTURE,

01:12:46.999 --> 01:12:50.374
THAT PERSON WON\'T HAVE
TO RELY ON WELFARE

01:12:50.375 --> 01:12:53.625
AND LOOK FORWARD TO WELFARE
WHEN HE GETS OLD ENOUGH.

01:12:53.626 --> 01:12:55.625
HE WILL HAVE MORE.

01:12:55.626 --> 01:12:58.209
HOPEFULLY.

01:12:59.501 --> 01:13:02.625
I SEE THE SAME EYE WHEN I LOOK
AT THE OLD LEADERS, THE PICTURE,

01:13:02.626 --> 01:13:06.041
AND I SEE IT IN OUR KIDS.
I SEE THE SAME EYE,

01:13:06.042 --> 01:13:07.998
YOU KNOW, THE SPARKLE.

01:13:07.999 --> 01:13:09.875
IT\'S POWERFUL. THEY FEEL IT.

01:13:09.876 --> 01:13:13.083
IF THEY\'LL BE MY LEADER,
I\'LL FOLLOW.

01:13:15.918 --> 01:13:19.291
[ Isabel bartibogue ]:
THESE TRAPS WERE DONATED

01:13:19.292 --> 01:13:20.833
BY OTHER RESERVES,

01:13:20.834 --> 01:13:24.291
\'CAUSE OUR FISHERMEN
LOST ALL THEIR TRAPS,

01:13:24.292 --> 01:13:26.625
THE DFO TOOK THEM ALL.

01:13:26.626 --> 01:13:28.458
AND EVERY TIME THAT HAPPENS,

01:13:28.459 --> 01:13:31.998
PEOPLE FROM OTHER RESERVES, EVEN
ALL THE WAY BACK FROM ONTARIO,

01:13:31.999 --> 01:13:34.291
THEY DONATED FOOD OR THE TRAPS,

01:13:34.292 --> 01:13:39.999
AND SOME EVEN... THE BIG COVE
GUYS EVEN BROUGHT THEIR BOATS

01:13:40.000 --> 01:13:42.625
WHEN WE LOST SOME OF OURS.

01:13:42.626 --> 01:13:44.625
SOME OF THEM HAVE TO BE REPAIRED
A LITTLE, I GUESS,

01:13:44.626 --> 01:13:48.833
BUT THEY\'RE STILL GOOD ENOUGH
TO USE. THEY\'LL LOSE \'EM ANYWAY.

01:13:48.834 --> 01:13:54.249
- WE\'RE MANAGING THE FISHERY WITH
THE FISHERMEN FROM BURNT CHURCH,

01:13:54.250 --> 01:13:58.625
WITH 26 RANGERS
FROM ESGENOOPETITJ.

01:13:58.626 --> 01:14:00.833
IT\'S ALL VOLUNTEER,
ON A VOLUNTARY BASIS.

01:14:00.834 --> 01:14:05.583
IT\'S THE SAME SITUATION AS LAST
YEAR, WHEN IT WAS LIKE THAT.

01:14:05.584 --> 01:14:07.875
TWENTY-FOUR HOURS,
SEVEN DAYS A WEEK,

01:14:07.876 --> 01:14:10.458
WE HAD RANGERS FROM
RESTIGOUCHE RESERVE

01:14:10.459 --> 01:14:12.416
THAT CAME IN AND ASSISTED US.

01:14:12.417 --> 01:14:15.833
THE COMMUNITY, AGAIN, WAS THERE
AS WELL TO HELP.

01:14:15.834 --> 01:14:18.458
HELP PROTECT OUR RIGHTS
AND OUR FISHERY.

01:14:18.459 --> 01:14:20.998
NONE OF US ARE ARMED.
WE DON\'T SEE ANY NEED

01:14:20.999 --> 01:14:23.625
FOR US TO BE ARMED,
\'CAUSE WE\'RE HERE TO PROTECT

01:14:23.626 --> 01:14:27.625
OUR PEOPLE, AS OPPOSED TO GOING
INTO A GUNFIGHT-TYPE THING.

01:14:27.626 --> 01:14:31.834
DON\'T NEED THAT.
IT\'S NOT GONNA SOLVE NOTHING.

01:14:32.999 --> 01:14:35.291
[ Mark Simon ]: THERE\'S A LOT
OF RCMP AROUND NOW.

01:14:35.292 --> 01:14:37.708
THEY\'RE AT THE WHARF,
BURNT CHURCH WHARF.

01:14:37.709 --> 01:14:40.458
THEY GOT THEIR OWN HEADQUARTERS
IN NEGUAC.

01:14:40.459 --> 01:14:41.998
ONE DAY THEY COULD COME HERE,

01:14:41.999 --> 01:14:46.708
THEY\'LL BE 20 COP CARS NEXT DAY.
THAT\'S HOW IT GOES.

01:14:46.709 --> 01:14:50.208
IT\'S JUST RIGHT IN BETWEEN
THE COMMUNITIES,

01:14:50.209 --> 01:14:51.625
NEGUAC AND BURNT CHURCH,

01:14:51.626 --> 01:14:54.667
THEY GOT THEIR MAIN
HEADQUARTERS.

01:14:55.626 --> 01:14:57.208
SO THEY\'RE KEEPING AN EYE OUT.

01:14:57.209 --> 01:14:59.833
YOU SEE HELICOPTERS,
YOU SEE PLANES GOING BY.

01:14:59.834 --> 01:15:03.208
IT\'S NOT WHAT IT WAS LAST YEAR,
BUT...

01:15:03.209 --> 01:15:04.708
IT ONLY TAKES...

01:15:04.709 --> 01:15:07.374
IT DON\'T TAKE LONG
FOR THAT TO COME BACK.\'

01:15:07.375 --> 01:15:09.833
- WELL, I FELT VERY GOOD
LAST YEAR.

01:15:09.834 --> 01:15:11.416
OUR POLICING MODEL WAS

01:15:11.417 --> 01:15:13.708
A MODEL THAT WE CALLED
THE \"MEASURED APPROACH\".

01:15:13.709 --> 01:15:16.998
AND THAT MEASURED APPROACH
WAS FOUNDED UPON

01:15:16.999 --> 01:15:18.625
TWO FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES.

01:15:18.626 --> 01:15:21.625
THAT WAS FOR MUTUAL RESPECT
OF BOTH COMMUNITIES

01:15:21.626 --> 01:15:24.998
AS WELL AS RESPECT AND
THE DIGNITY OF ALL PEOPLE.

01:15:24.999 --> 01:15:29.625
AND PARAMOUNT WITH THAT MEASURED
APPROACH WAS THE EMPHASIS

01:15:29.626 --> 01:15:33.625
ON A PROBLEM-SOLVING APPROACH
THAT DEALT WITH MANY TOOLS

01:15:33.626 --> 01:15:35.374
IN A TOOLBOX CALLED

01:15:35.375 --> 01:15:38.208
COMMUNICATION, DIALOGUE,
FACILITATION.

01:15:38.209 --> 01:15:41.625
AND THE LAST TOOL THAT
WE EVER WANTED TO USE

01:15:41.626 --> 01:15:43.999
WAS ONE OF ENFORCEMENT.

01:15:44.000 --> 01:15:47.625
AND I THINK OUR MODEL WAS
A GREAT SUCCESS LAST YEAR,

01:15:47.626 --> 01:15:49.998
WHEN YOU COMPARE THE CRISIS...
COMPARED TO OKA,

01:15:49.999 --> 01:15:51.917
IPPERWASH AND GUSTAFSON LAKE.

01:15:51.918 --> 01:15:56.999
OUR PRESENCE HERE, ONCE AGAIN,
IS TO...

01:15:57.000 --> 01:16:01.625
ACHIEVE OUR FUNDAMENTAL GOAL
OF SAFE HOMES, SAFE COMMUNITIES.

01:16:01.626 --> 01:16:05.791
- AT THIS POINT,
I\'M FEELING THAT...

01:16:05.792 --> 01:16:09.625
THE ONLY WAY TO AVOID
ANYMORE VIOLENCE,

01:16:09.626 --> 01:16:14.833
IT SEEMS LIKE WE HAVE
TO SILENCE OURSELVES UP,

01:16:14.834 --> 01:16:19.708
AGAIN QUIET,
SO WE WON\'T BE TARGETED.

01:16:19.709 --> 01:16:22.041
NO VIOLENCE WILL COME OUR WAY.

01:16:22.042 --> 01:16:24.998
BUT IF WE DON\'T EXERCISE
OUR RIGHTS,

01:16:24.999 --> 01:16:27.208
IF WE DON\'T ASSERT OUR RIGHTS,

01:16:27.209 --> 01:16:28.083
WE\'LL DIE, SPIRITUALLY.

01:16:28.084 --> 01:16:32.500
AND SO WE\'LL DIE PHYSICALLY
ALSO.

01:16:32.501 --> 01:16:34.416
- THE BAND HAS SAID
IT WOULD BEGIN...

01:16:34.417 --> 01:16:36.998
[ narrator ]: DHALIWAL INFORMS
THE MI\'GMAQ PEOPLE

01:16:36.999 --> 01:16:38.998
THEY HAVE THE NEXT SEVEN DAYS

01:16:38.999 --> 01:16:42.625
TO FISH LEGALLY,
IN HOPES THAT HE CAN NEGOTIATE

01:16:42.626 --> 01:16:44.625
AN AGREEMENT IN THIS TIME.

01:16:44.626 --> 01:16:47.625
- RIGHT NOW, SENIOR OFFICIALS
FROM MY DEPARTMENT

01:16:47.626 --> 01:16:50.999
ARE IN NEW BRUNSWICK,
PREPARED TO MEET IMMEDIATELY

01:16:51.000 --> 01:16:54.999
WITH THE COMMUNITY\'S NEWLY
ELECTED CHIEF AND COUNCIL.

01:16:55.000 --> 01:16:56.625
-ALL WE\'VE WANTED TO DO

01:16:56.626 --> 01:16:58.291
IS FISH AND PROVIDE
FOR OUR CHILDREN.

01:16:58.292 --> 01:17:01.625
IT IS HARD TO EARN A MODERATE
LIVELIHOOD IN SEVEN DAYS,

01:17:01.626 --> 01:17:04.625
WITH 500 TRAPS FOR A COMMUNITY
OF 1,500 PEOPLE.

01:17:04.626 --> 01:17:07.998
THE MATH JUST DOESN\'T WORK.[ reporter ]: HE
SAYS THIS ISN\'T A COMMERCIAL LICENSE AT ALL.

01:17:07.999 --> 01:17:11.625
THIS IS ONLY FOR CEREMONIAL AND
FOOD PURPOSES FOR THE POW WOW.

01:17:11.626 --> 01:17:13.625
WHAT DO YOU THINK
OF THIS LICENSE?

01:17:13.626 --> 01:17:14.626
-WELL, THE REALITY IS,

01:17:14.627 --> 01:17:17.875
HE\'S USING A DOUBLE LANGUAGE.
HE IS ON ONE HAND SAYING, YES,

01:17:17.876 --> 01:17:20.625
THERE\'S A COMMERCIAL COMPONENT.
ON THE SECOND HAND, HE\'S SAYING

01:17:20.626 --> 01:17:22.625
THAT THERE\'S A FOOD
AND SOCIAL AND CEREMONIAL.

01:17:22.626 --> 01:17:23.708
[ reporter ]:
IS THIS GOOD ENOUGH?

01:17:23.709 --> 01:17:27.500
- OH, ABSOLUTELY, POSITIVELY,
WITHOUT A DOUBT IN MY MIND, NO.

01:17:27.501 --> 01:17:30.208
- WELL, THIS IS A DECLARATION WAY
BEYOND HIS JURISDICTION.

01:17:30.209 --> 01:17:34.041
NOW, I SAY THAT BASED ON THE
FACT THAT, AS MI\'GMAQ PEOPLE,

01:17:34.042 --> 01:17:37.625
WE HAVE NEVER GIVEN AWAY
OUR LANDS OR OUR RESOURCES.

01:17:37.626 --> 01:17:39.625
PEOPLE HAVE TO REALIZE
THE NATURE OF OUR TREATIES.

01:17:39.626 --> 01:17:42.208
THEY\'RE PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP.
THIS ISN\'T LAND SURRENDER,

01:17:42.209 --> 01:17:45.917
THIS ISN\'T ANY TYPE OF
CONDITIONAL SURRENDER.

01:17:45.918 --> 01:17:47.625
WE HAVE NEVER GIVEN UP
SOVEREIGNTY,

01:17:47.626 --> 01:17:49.625
WE HAVE NEVER GIVEN UP
TRADITIONAL GOVERNMENT.

01:17:49.626 --> 01:17:51.998
THAT DOESN\'T EXIST WITHIN
THE CONTEXT OF OUR TREATIES.

01:17:51.999 --> 01:17:55.666
SO HOW IS IT THAT THE MINISTER
OF FISHERIES AND OCEANS

01:17:55.667 --> 01:17:56.999
CAN JUST WALK IN

01:17:57.000 --> 01:18:00.708
AND NOW TELL US, \"YOU CAN FISH.\"
IT\'S NOT UP TO THEM.

01:18:00.709 --> 01:18:03.998
- NOW THEY\'RE GIVING US
SEVEN DAYS.

01:18:03.999 --> 01:18:05.998
WHAT HAPPENS ON THE EIGHTH?

01:18:05.999 --> 01:18:09.625
AGAIN, WE\'LL HAVE TO SEE
AND WATCH FROM THE SHORELINES.

01:18:09.626 --> 01:18:12.584
IT\'S LIKE LAST YEAR.

01:18:16.792 --> 01:18:19.998
-WELL, I WENT FISHING ANYWAY.

01:18:19.999 --> 01:18:20.999
GOT MY LOBSTER.

01:18:21.000 --> 01:18:22.833
- THIS IS DAY FOUR OR FIVE.
PUT TRAPS IN

01:18:22.834 --> 01:18:25.625
AND I STILL HAVEN\'T CHECKED \'EM
YET. JUST DON\'T HAVE TIME.

01:18:25.626 --> 01:18:27.917
MOTOR WAS DOWN. JUST DON\'T HAVE
TIME TO DO IT.

01:18:27.918 --> 01:18:30.500
THE PROBLEM IS, RIGHT NOW,
BURNT CHURCH\'S GETTING ISOLATED.

01:18:30.501 --> 01:18:33.998
A LAW-ENFORCEMENT SIEGE IS BEING
CONDUCTED AROUND BURNT CHURCH

01:18:33.999 --> 01:18:34.999
AND THEY WANNA ISOLATE US.

01:18:35.000 --> 01:18:37.458
SO THE ONLY THING WE GOT
IS JUST OURSELVES

01:18:37.459 --> 01:18:40.999
AND WHAT LITTLE RESOURCES WE
HAVE TO FIGHT THIS OFF, RIGHT?

01:18:41.000 --> 01:18:42.000
[ Alanis ]: HOW ABOUT BOATS?

01:18:42.001 --> 01:18:44.416
- THAT\'S A BIG PROBLEM.
LACK OF BOATS.

01:18:44.417 --> 01:18:46.625
[ Alanis ]: NONE COME IN?

01:18:46.626 --> 01:18:47.791
-OH, FROM, UH...

01:18:47.792 --> 01:18:49.458
[ Alanis ]: NO, I MEAN
TO HELP YOU OUT.

01:18:49.459 --> 01:18:52.625
- WELL, TWO OF \'EM TRIED TO COME
IN ON THE WEEKEND FROM BIG COVE,

01:18:52.626 --> 01:18:56.626
BUT THE RCMP TURNED THEM AROUND.
WE\'RE NOT GETTING \'EM IN.

01:19:02.626 --> 01:19:06.625
- OH, I DON\'T KNOW WHAT\'S GONNA
HAPPEN WITH THIS DFO.

01:19:06.626 --> 01:19:11.667
THEY\'RE GONNA GIVE US A WEEK OR
SOMETHING LIKE THAT, THEY SAID?

01:19:12.626 --> 01:19:15.583
BUT I\'M GONNA HAUL OUT MINE,
HAULING THEM OUT MONDAY.

01:19:15.584 --> 01:19:18.625
MONDAY MORNING, YEAH. JUST TO BE
ON THE SAFE SIDE, ANYWAY.

01:19:18.626 --> 01:19:22.625
[ Alanis ]: DID YOU HAVE
ANY OF YOUR TRAPS SEIZED?

01:19:22.626 --> 01:19:26.208
-LAST FALL, YEAH.

01:19:26.209 --> 01:19:28.875
I HAD SEIZED 100.

01:19:28.876 --> 01:19:31.625
YEAH. I PUT IN 50,
THEY SEIZED \'EM ALL.

01:19:31.626 --> 01:19:35.999
I PUT ANOTHER 50 IN
AND THEY SEIZED \'EM ALL AGAIN.

01:19:36.000 --> 01:19:40.000
YEAH. NEVER GOT THEM BACK.

01:19:45.292 --> 01:19:47.082
[ Wendell Metallic ]:
I WAS WONDERING

01:19:47.083 --> 01:19:49.791
WHY A FACILITY LIKE THIS
FOR A SMALL COMMUNITY,

01:19:49.792 --> 01:19:51.374
A SMALL AREA LIKE THIS.

01:19:51.375 --> 01:19:54.291
- ALL WE\'RE ASKING IS EVERYBODY,
ON ALL SIDES,

01:19:54.292 --> 01:19:57.833
TO ENSURE THAT EVERYBODY
TREATS EVERYBODY

01:19:57.834 --> 01:19:59.833
WITH MUTUAL RESPECT
AND UNDERSTANDING

01:19:59.834 --> 01:20:01.708
AND WE\'RE JUST HERE
TO KEEP THE PEACE.

01:20:01.709 --> 01:20:04.374
- BUT THIS IS ALSO IN CONJUNCTION
WITH THE DFO.

01:20:04.375 --> 01:20:09.500
YOU HAVE TO. YOU ARE WORKING
WITH THE DFO ON THIS OPERATION.

01:20:09.501 --> 01:20:12.166
- NO, WE\'RE WORKING
WITH EVERYBODY

01:20:12.167 --> 01:20:14.625
TO ALLOW DIALOGUE,
COMMUNICATION

01:20:14.626 --> 01:20:17.458
- DIALOGUE TO HAPPEN, \'CAUSE
THIS IS ALL WE WANT: PEACE.

01:20:17.459 --> 01:20:20.875
AND THIS IS KIND OF INTIMIDATING
WHEN YOU SEE ANYTHING LIKE THIS

01:20:20.876 --> 01:20:24.374
FOR A SMALL COMMUNITY
OF 1,500 TO...

01:20:24.375 --> 01:20:26.833
- WE\'RE HERE FOR YOUR PROTECTION
AS WELL.

01:20:26.834 --> 01:20:27.998
-I HOPE SO.

01:20:27.999 --> 01:20:31.625
I HOPE TO GOD IT\'S NOT TO
ENFORCE THE DFO REGULATIONS

01:20:31.626 --> 01:20:34.625
AND THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT\'S WAY
OF INTIMIDATING

01:20:34.626 --> 01:20:37.166
THE PEOPLE OF ESGENOOPETITJ
AND THE SURROUNDING AREA.

01:20:37.167 --> 01:20:39.999
\'CAUSE I WASN\'T EVEN AWARE
OF THIS BUILDING,

01:20:40.000 --> 01:20:42.625
WHAT WAS GOING ON
\'TIL I HEARD A FEW INDIVIDUALS.

01:20:42.626 --> 01:20:44.998
AND WE\'RE JUST DOWN FOR
THE POW WOW THIS WEEKEND.

01:20:44.999 --> 01:20:47.875
I HOPE WE DON\'T NEED TO COME
BACK FOR ANYTHING ELSE.

01:20:47.876 --> 01:20:51.625
- I HAVE TO GO OUT THERE. I CAN\'T
EXERCISE MY RIGHTS ON LAND.

01:20:51.626 --> 01:20:53.625
I HAVE TO BE OUT IN THE WATER.

01:20:53.626 --> 01:20:56.625
I ALREADY HAVE SOME TRAPS OUT.

01:20:56.626 --> 01:20:58.708
MY WIFE DON\'T WANT ME TO GO OUT.

01:20:58.709 --> 01:21:00.166
SHE DOESN\'T...

01:21:00.167 --> 01:21:04.625
SHE THINKS I SHOULDN\'T BE
OUT THERE THIS TIME,

01:21:04.626 --> 01:21:09.998
BECAUSE I\'VE BEEN GETTING CALLS
LEFT AND RIGHT FROM...

01:21:09.999 --> 01:21:11.999
[ Alanis ]: THREATENING CALLS?

01:21:12.000 --> 01:21:14.917
-NO, GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS.

01:21:14.918 --> 01:21:18.166
AND THESE CALLS ARE ALL...

01:21:18.167 --> 01:21:20.999
THEY\'RE ALL KIND OF WARNING ME
ABOUT, YOU KNOW,

01:21:21.000 --> 01:21:26.167
\"THINK ABOUT ALL THIS.
THINK ABOUT WHAT\'S GOING ON.\"

01:21:27.042 --> 01:21:31.584
I AM A LITTLE BIT CONCERNED
ABOUT MY LIFE. I AM.

01:21:34.000 --> 01:21:36.583
[ narrator ]:
RATHER THAN RECOGNIZING

01:21:36.584 --> 01:21:37.998
THE MI\'GMAQ TREATY RIGHTS,

01:21:37.999 --> 01:21:42.249
MINISTER DHALIWAL PERSISTED
IN OFFERING NEW AGREEMENTS,

01:21:42.250 --> 01:21:45.666
EACH WITH A DIFFERENT SET
OF RESTRICTIONS.

01:21:45.667 --> 01:21:50.999
- A LIMITED SMALL-SCALE
COMMERCIAL FISHERY...

01:21:51.000 --> 01:21:52.998
UH... IN A RESTRICTED AREA
OF MIRAMICHI BAY.

01:21:52.999 --> 01:21:57.291
[ narrator ]: THE LATEST OFFER
INCLUDED AN EXTENSION

01:21:57.292 --> 01:21:59.998
OF THE FISHING SEASON
TO OCTOBER 20th.

01:21:59.999 --> 01:22:04.998
BUT WITHIN A SMALLER BOUNDARY
AND FOR ONLY 900 TRAPS.

01:22:04.999 --> 01:22:07.500
- THESE TYPES OF AGREEMENTS
ARE NOTHING MORE THAN EQUIVALENT

01:22:07.501 --> 01:22:09.833
TO SOMEBODY STEALING YOUR
VEHICLE AND TRYING TO NEGOTIATE

01:22:09.834 --> 01:22:12.625
HOW MANY HOURS YOU CAN ACTUALLY
ACCESS YOUR OWN VEHICLE.

01:22:12.626 --> 01:22:16.625
- WE NEED TO GO OUT, WAY OUT.
BECAUSE IT GETS COLDER,

01:22:16.626 --> 01:22:19.625
THE WATER GETS COLDER AND
THE LOBSTER GETS FURTHER.

01:22:19.626 --> 01:22:21.791
- THE LOBSTER GOES OUT
WHEN THE WATER GETS COLDER.

01:22:21.792 --> 01:22:25.291
- BOUNDARIES MEANS RESERVATION.
IT\'S ANOTHER PART OF PUTTING

01:22:25.292 --> 01:22:27.708
ANOTHER RESERVATION
IN THE WATER FOR US.

01:22:27.709 --> 01:22:33.875
- THERE\'S RUMOURS THAT THEY\'LL
COME IN AND DESTROY OUR TRAPS

01:22:33.876 --> 01:22:36.458
OR PEOPLE WILL COME IN
AND FIGHT US.

01:22:36.459 --> 01:22:37.375
AND THAT SCARES ME.

01:22:37.376 --> 01:22:39.666
I DON\'T ALLOW MY CHILDREN
TO GO OUT LATE, \'CAUSE WE\'RE...

01:22:39.667 --> 01:22:42.625
I\'M SCARED THAT SOMETHING\'S
GOING TO HAPPEN

01:22:42.626 --> 01:22:46.500
OR, YOU KNOW, SOMEBODY WILL
TAKE THEM OR... YOU KNOW.

01:22:46.501 --> 01:22:49.625
- I HOPE NOBODY GETS HURT
OVER THIS.

01:22:49.626 --> 01:22:51.291
BUT MY OPINION IS,

01:22:51.292 --> 01:22:53.998
WE HAVE TO DO THIS.
WE HAVE TO DO THIS.

01:22:53.999 --> 01:22:55.583
WE CAN\'T KEEP BACKING DOWN.

01:22:55.584 --> 01:23:00.583
AND NOW, WITH THIS NEW BOUNDARY
LINE THAT THEY\'RE IMPOSING,

01:23:00.584 --> 01:23:03.625
THERE\'S NOTHING THERE TO FISH.
I MEAN, THERE\'S NOTHING THERE.

01:23:03.626 --> 01:23:06.998
AND THEY KNOW THAT WE HAVE
TO FOLLOW OUR LOBSTER OUT.

01:23:06.999 --> 01:23:09.709
WE\'VE BEEN DOING THAT FOR YEARS.

01:23:41.167 --> 01:23:43.999
[ Alanis ]: GO CLOSER!

01:23:46.709 --> 01:23:48.625
HEY! COME HERE!

01:23:48.626 --> 01:23:51.000
I WANNA TALK TO YOU!

01:23:52.626 --> 01:23:55.209
-THERE\'S NO REACTION FROM THEM.

01:23:56.501 --> 01:23:59.626
YOU\'LL GET NO REACTION
FROM THEM.

01:24:32.876 --> 01:24:36.209
[ man ]:
THEY REFUSE AN INTERVIEW.

01:24:38.459 --> 01:24:42.042
[ native singing and drums ]

01:25:07.250 --> 01:25:09.291
[ Jason Ward ]:
I HAVE TEN TRAPS SET OUT,

01:25:09.292 --> 01:25:14.998
RIGHT ALONG IN FRONT OF THE
WHARF, WHERE THE BOATS POACHED.

01:25:14.999 --> 01:25:18.500
I LOST TRAPS AND I KNOW MANY
PEOPLE HERE, IN BURNT CHURCH,

01:25:18.501 --> 01:25:20.625
THAT WERE ALL SET
ALONG THE BORDER,

01:25:20.626 --> 01:25:22.291
WHERE ALL THIS WAS HAPPENING.

01:25:22.292 --> 01:25:24.625
THE RCMP WAS SITTING
ON THE WHARF.

01:25:24.626 --> 01:25:27.625
THEY HAVE HIGH-POWERED
BINOCULARS. THEY SEEN...

01:25:27.626 --> 01:25:30.374
THEY WOULD HAVE TO SEE.
IT WAS STILL DAYLIGHT.

01:25:30.375 --> 01:25:33.082
- THE NON-NATIVES, 22 BOATS,
STARTED GRABBING OUR TRAPS.

01:25:33.083 --> 01:25:35.583
THEY WERE A KILOMETRE OFF
OUR SHORELINE,

01:25:35.584 --> 01:25:36.875
SO IT WASN\'T VERY FAR AWAY.

01:25:36.876 --> 01:25:38.875
AND WE COULD WATCH THEM
FROM OUR SHORELINE.

01:25:38.876 --> 01:25:42.833
WE WERE JUST SITTING THERE,
BASICALLY AS A SPECTATOR WOULD,

01:25:42.834 --> 01:25:44.917
WATCH WHAT\'S GOING ON.
SO IT\'S VERY EVIDENT,

01:25:44.918 --> 01:25:46.625
THE ACTIONS THAT WERE
BEING TAKING PLACE.

01:25:46.626 --> 01:25:48.583
THE RCMP WERE JUST
A LITTLE WAYS DOWN,

01:25:48.584 --> 01:25:52.416
ON THE WHARF, WERE ALSO WATCHING
WHAT WAS GOING ON.

01:25:52.417 --> 01:25:53.625
BUT DID ABSOLUTELY NOTHING.

01:25:53.626 --> 01:25:55.999
- I CALLED 9-1-1,
THEY HANGED UP ON ME.

01:25:56.000 --> 01:25:59.291
MY GIRLFRIEND CALLED 9-1-1,
THEY HANGED UP ON HER.

01:25:59.292 --> 01:26:03.208
HER FATHER CALLED,
THEY HANGED UP ON HIM.

01:26:03.209 --> 01:26:04.167
-AT THAT POINT IN TIME,

01:26:04.168 --> 01:26:06.166
WE REALIZED WE HAVE TO DO
SOMETHING OURSELVES.

01:26:06.167 --> 01:26:08.998
SO THE RANGERS, OUR BURNT CHURCH
RANGERS, WENT OUT IN...

01:26:08.999 --> 01:26:12.208
I BELIEVE IT WAS TWO BOATS
- MAYBE THREE VERY SMALL BOATS -

01:26:12.209 --> 01:26:14.625
TO GO TAKE ON 22 NON-NATIVE
FISHING BOATS.

01:26:14.626 --> 01:26:16.041
AS THEY GOT OUT THERE,

01:26:16.042 --> 01:26:18.998
THAT\'S WHEN THE RCMP STARTED
TO MOBILIZE.

01:26:18.999 --> 01:26:23.374
NOT TO GO ON THE WATER AND STOP
THE NON-NATIVE FISHERMEN

01:26:23.375 --> 01:26:27.082
FROM DESTROYING OUR GEAR,
BUT TO GO AFTER OUR GUYS.

01:26:27.083 --> 01:26:28.998
- THEY SAID THEY\'RE
INVESTIGATING.

01:26:28.999 --> 01:26:33.583
THEY HAVEN\'T QUESTIONED NOBODY
ABOUT TRAPS BEING LOST.

01:26:33.584 --> 01:26:35.625
THEY CERTAINLY HAVEN\'T COME
TO SEE ME, ANYWAY.

01:26:35.626 --> 01:26:38.625
I DON\'T CARE IF THEY COME
AND SEE ME OR NOT.

01:26:38.626 --> 01:26:40.625
THEY DIDN\'T GO TO HELP ME OUT
ANYWAY.

01:26:40.626 --> 01:26:42.625
IT\'S BEEN PROVEN LAST YEAR
AND THE YEAR BEFORE.

01:26:42.626 --> 01:26:44.208
THEY\'RE NOT HERE
TO HELP NATIVE PEOPLE.

01:26:44.209 --> 01:26:48.625
IT\'S GETTING TO BE EXPENSIVE.
LAST YEAR, I LOST 70-SOME TRAPS.

01:26:48.626 --> 01:26:54.082
I BARELY HAD ENOUGH TO GIVE TO
MY FATHER, TO MY AUNT AND UNCLE,

01:26:54.083 --> 01:26:55.998
THE FAMILY, YOU KNOW.

01:26:55.999 --> 01:26:58.625
BUT OTHER THAN THINKING
THAT I MADE MONEY OFF THAT,

01:26:58.626 --> 01:27:01.917
I DON\'T KNOW NATIVE PEOPLE
IN BURNT CHURCH ARE MAKING

01:27:01.918 --> 01:27:03.998
TOO MUCH MONEY ON THIS.

01:27:03.999 --> 01:27:07.666
-THEY TALK ABOUT...

01:27:07.667 --> 01:27:14.041
THE INDIANS ENDANGERING
THEIR LIVELIHOOD...

01:27:14.042 --> 01:27:21.249
WITH NO REGARD TO...
INDIANS MAKING A LIVELIHOOD.

01:27:21.250 --> 01:27:28.625
THEY\'VE MISTAKEN OUR KINDNESS
FOR WEAKNESS.

01:27:28.626 --> 01:27:30.625
-WHY CAN\'T WE FISH?

01:27:30.626 --> 01:27:35.249
THERE\'S 240,000 TRAPS OUT THERE
AS WE SPEAK TODAY.

01:27:35.250 --> 01:27:38.082
240,000 TRAPS...

01:27:38.083 --> 01:27:40.917
WE ONLY HAVE 5,600.

01:27:40.918 --> 01:27:44.166
AND... I JUST DON\'T
UNDERSTAND IT.

01:27:44.167 --> 01:27:46.998
I DON\'T UNDERSTAND WHY
THE BIG FUSS, YOU KNOW?

01:27:46.999 --> 01:27:51.666
WHY IS IT THAT WHEN WE HAVE
OUR 5,600 TRAPS IN THE WATER,

01:27:51.667 --> 01:27:53.041
IT\'S CONSERVATION;

01:27:53.042 --> 01:27:59.041
WHEN THEY HAVE 240,000 IN THERE,
IT\'S A LIVELIHOOD.

01:27:59.042 --> 01:28:01.999
I JUST DON\'T UNDERSTAND.

01:28:18.709 --> 01:28:20.625
-BRAVO, BRAVO,

01:28:20.626 --> 01:28:23.209
THIS IS ARCHANGEL, OVER.

01:28:24.167 --> 01:28:25.583
[ radio ]: GO AHEAD.

01:28:25.584 --> 01:28:28.625
- YEAH, WE JUST NEED CONFIRMATION
THAT THREE DFO BOATS

01:28:28.626 --> 01:28:29.998
ARE LEAVING NEGUAC WHARF. OVER.

01:28:29.999 --> 01:28:33.041
[ radio ]: OKAY, 10-4. WE\'RE
GOING TO TAKE A CLOSER LOOK

01:28:33.042 --> 01:28:36.626
FROM AN ADVANTAGE POINT. OVER.
- ROGER THAT. OVER.

01:28:46.250 --> 01:28:48.625
[ Alanis ]:
THE DEADLINE IS OVER WITH NOW.

01:28:48.626 --> 01:28:52.374
- AS YOU CAN SEE,
WE\'RE STILL FISHING.

01:28:52.375 --> 01:28:53.998
ACTUALLY, THIS IS TOO FAR.

01:28:53.999 --> 01:28:57.374
THEY WANT US FURTHER INSIDE
WHERE THERE\'S NO LOBSTER.

01:28:57.375 --> 01:28:59.166
WHAT WE WANT IS THE WHOLE BAY.

01:28:59.167 --> 01:29:01.625
IT\'S GOOD OVER THERE.
THE HORSESHOE, THEY CALL THAT.

01:29:01.626 --> 01:29:03.998
AND THAT\'S THE PLACE WHERE
THEY\'RE PROTECTING.

01:29:03.999 --> 01:29:05.791
THEY DON\'T WANT US NEAR THERE

01:29:05.792 --> 01:29:07.625
BECAUSE THERE\'S A LOT
OF LOBSTER THERE.

01:29:07.626 --> 01:29:12.249
AND WHAT THEY\'LL DO IS,
THEY WILL GATHER THEIR FORCES

01:29:12.250 --> 01:29:13.998
TO CHASE US OUT.

01:29:13.999 --> 01:29:17.625
AND IT\'S REALLY HARD WHEN YOU
HAVE TO LOOK OVER YOUR SHOULDER

01:29:17.626 --> 01:29:18.917
WHEN YOU\'RE FISHING.

01:29:18.918 --> 01:29:20.998
YOU SHOULDN\'T BE FISHING
LIKE THAT.

01:29:20.999 --> 01:29:22.625
I KNOW IN THE COMMERCIAL SEASON,

01:29:22.626 --> 01:29:24.625
THEY DON\'T HAVE TO LOOK
OVER THEIR SHOULDERS.

01:29:24.626 --> 01:29:26.999
\'CAUSE WE\'RE NOT GONNA BE THERE
HARASSING THEM.

01:29:27.000 --> 01:29:28.374
BUT YET, THEY DO THAT TO US,

01:29:28.375 --> 01:29:31.501
\'CAUSE THEY DON\'T WANT US
IN THE WATER, PERIOD.

01:30:36.417 --> 01:30:39.625
[ narrator ]:
THE DEADLINE CAME AND WENT.

01:30:39.626 --> 01:30:41.249
NO AGREEMENT WAS SIGNED.

01:30:41.250 --> 01:30:45.583
THE MI\'GMAQ KEPT ON FISHING
INTO OCTOBER.

01:30:45.584 --> 01:30:49.249
THE NON-NATIVE FISHERS
KEPT ON PROTESTING.

01:30:49.250 --> 01:30:52.082
THEY CAME IN A FLOTILLA.

01:30:52.083 --> 01:30:54.291
GUNSHOTS WERE FIRED.

01:30:54.292 --> 01:30:56.999
IT LOOKED LIKE A WAR ZONE
ON THE WATER,

01:30:57.000 --> 01:31:00.625
WHILE THE CHILDREN AND THEIR
PARENTS WATCHED FROM THE SHORE.

01:31:00.626 --> 01:31:04.625
[ Dylan Somerville ]: HOLY GOD!
I CAN\'T EVEN COUNT \'EM.

01:31:04.626 --> 01:31:08.041
WHAT ARE THEY ALL DOING?

01:31:08.042 --> 01:31:10.625
[ Geronimo Somerville ]:
WANT TO SCARE THE INDIANS.

01:31:10.626 --> 01:31:11.999
WANT TO STOP FISHING.

01:31:12.000 --> 01:31:17.416
- IS THAT ALL THE INDIANS?
- NO. THAT\'S WHITE PEOPLE.

01:31:17.417 --> 01:31:19.374
-HOLY GOD!

01:31:19.375 --> 01:31:20.833
[ narrator ]: TO THIS DAY,

01:31:20.834 --> 01:31:23.374
NONE OF THE BOATS AND TRAPS
THAT WERE CONFISCATED

01:31:23.375 --> 01:31:25.416
HAVE BEEN RETURNED.

01:31:25.417 --> 01:31:28.999
IN FEBRUARY 2002,

01:31:29.000 --> 01:31:32.208
JOHN DAVID DEDAM WAS CONVICTED
AND SENTENCED

01:31:32.209 --> 01:31:36.625
TO THREE YEARS IN PRISON
FOR THROWING ROCKS.

01:31:36.626 --> 01:31:39.625
THE RESULT OF THE RCMP\'S
INVESTIGATION

01:31:39.626 --> 01:31:43.625
WAS THAT THERE WAS NO PROOF
OF WRONGDOING ON THE PART

01:31:43.626 --> 01:31:46.875
OF THE DEPARTMENT OF
FISHERIES AND OCEANS.

01:31:46.876 --> 01:31:50.249
SUBSEQUENTLY,
THERE WAS NO GROUND

01:31:50.250 --> 01:31:53.998
FOR LEGAL ACTION
AGAINST THE DFO.

01:31:53.999 --> 01:31:56.416
THE COURT OF QUEENS BENCH
OVERTURNED

01:31:56.417 --> 01:31:58.791
LAST YEAR\'S LOWER-COURT
DECISION,

01:31:58.792 --> 01:32:02.625
WHICH PROVIDED FUNDING
FOR LEGAL COUNSEL.

01:32:02.626 --> 01:32:06.041
CONSEQUENTLY, THE MI\'GMAQ
WOULD HAVE TO STAND TRIAL

01:32:06.042 --> 01:32:08.374
AT THEIR OWN EXPENSE.

01:32:08.375 --> 01:32:12.458
BUT, OF COURSE,
THEY TOO WILL APPEAL.

01:32:12.459 --> 01:32:15.625
-HARD DOING THIS.

01:32:15.626 --> 01:32:17.666
IT\'S A WASTE OF MONEY.

01:32:17.667 --> 01:32:20.666
REALLY, IF YOU LOOK AT IT,
TAXPAYER\'S MONEY.

01:32:20.667 --> 01:32:23.999
THEY SPENT, I THINK,
$15,000,000 LAST YEAR.

01:32:24.000 --> 01:32:26.082
[ Alanis ]: IMAGINE, YEAH.

01:32:26.083 --> 01:32:27.999
- OF COURSE, THE GOVERNMENT
WON\'T GET THAT BACK.

01:32:28.000 --> 01:32:32.167
THAT SHOULD\'VE WENT TO
THE HOSPITALS AND EDUCATION...

01:32:33.626 --> 01:32:35.998
INSTEAD OF FIGHTING INDIANS.

01:32:35.999 --> 01:32:37.625
I MEAN, THEIR RIGHTS ARE THERE.

01:32:37.626 --> 01:32:41.291
THEY PUT A LOT OF MONEY
FIGHTING THE MAN\'S RIGHTS,

01:32:41.292 --> 01:32:44.626
WHERE IT SHOULD\'VE WENT
THE OTHER WAY.

01:32:45.792 --> 01:32:48.082
YOU ASK THE GOVERNMENT
FOR A GOOD CAUSE;

01:32:48.083 --> 01:32:49.708
THEY SAY, \"NO MONEY.\"

01:32:49.709 --> 01:32:53.417
WHERE YOU GET MONEY
TO FIGHT THE INDIANS?

01:32:54.584 --> 01:32:58.249
HEY? IT SOUNDS CRAZY TO ME. YOU?

01:32:58.250 --> 01:32:59.167
[ Alanis ]: YES.

01:32:59.168 --> 01:33:00.998
- WHERE DID YOU GET THE MONEY
TO FIGHT INDIANS?

01:33:00.999 --> 01:33:04.625
IT SHOULD\'VE WENT TO
THE HEALTH CARE OR SOMETHING.

01:33:04.626 --> 01:33:06.998
-WE DON\'T NEED STRENGTH ANYMORE.

01:33:06.999 --> 01:33:08.998
WE DON\'T NEED ANYMORE STRENGTH.

01:33:08.999 --> 01:33:13.041
WE CAME FROM... BAD SITUATIONS,

01:33:13.042 --> 01:33:14.833
WE KNOW WHAT IT\'S LIKE.

01:33:14.834 --> 01:33:17.666
WE KNOW WHAT IT\'S LIKE
TO LIVE IN...

01:33:17.667 --> 01:33:18.998
YOU KNOW, WITH...

01:33:18.999 --> 01:33:24.082
SEEING YOUR PARENTS DRINKING,
SEEING NO FOOD FOR FOUR DAYS.

01:33:24.083 --> 01:33:26.041
WE KNOW THIS STUFF.

01:33:26.042 --> 01:33:28.041
WE HAVE THE STRENGTH.

01:33:28.042 --> 01:33:32.666
WE KNOW THAT THAT\'S WHERE
OUR STRENGTH COMES FROM.

01:33:32.667 --> 01:33:35.666
IT\'S A FUCKING HELL OF A WAY
TO GET STRENGTH!

01:33:35.667 --> 01:33:38.625
BUT, YOU KNOW...

01:33:38.626 --> 01:33:41.667
THAT\'S HOW YOU GET IT, YOU KNOW?

01:33:42.834 --> 01:33:46.249
AND WE HAVE THAT.
WE DON\'T NEED ANYMORE.

01:33:46.250 --> 01:33:48.626
WE NEED HOPE.

01:33:49.626 --> 01:33:54.625
- I\'M DETERMINED NOT TO STAY
IN A LIFE OF POVERTY.

01:33:54.626 --> 01:33:59.998
AND I BELIEVE THAT EVERY MEMBER
IN ESGENOOPETITJ

01:33:59.999 --> 01:34:05.625
WANTS TO EXPERIENCE SOMETHING
DIFFERENT THAN POVERTY.

01:34:05.626 --> 01:34:07.998
I WILL CONTINUE TO FISH,

01:34:07.999 --> 01:34:10.625
AND I WILL CONTINUE TO HUNT

01:34:10.626 --> 01:34:12.625
AND GATHER.

01:34:12.626 --> 01:34:14.416
BECAUSE IT\'S NOT JUST

01:34:14.417 --> 01:34:16.833
A LIVELIHOOD,
IT\'S OUR WAY OF LIFE.

01:34:16.834 --> 01:34:19.249
THIS IS WHAT DEFINES US
AS MI\'GMAQ.

01:34:19.250 --> 01:34:23.082
THAT NEEDS TO BE RESPECTED

01:34:23.083 --> 01:34:26.667
IN THIS COUNTRY.

01:35:12.375 --> 01:35:17.999
Captioning by CNST,Montreal

01:35:34.375 --> 01:35:42.375
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