An insightful and educated exploration of Brazil at this stage and age.
Present Tense, Ep. 09 - Precariousness of Work
- Description
- Reviews
- Citation
- Cataloging
- Transcript
View on the Pragda STREAM site
Present Tense addresses contemporary Brazilian themes from the experience of two characters and the analysis of a researcher expert in the subject.
Throughout the season, the series addresses topics such as the impact of pesticide use, violence against the LGBTQIA+ population, violence against women, structural racism, precarious work, fake news, the importance of Public Healthcare, and demarcation of indigenous lands, among others.
Citation
Main credits
Mac Niven, Rodrigo (film director)
Rios Corrêa, Clarice (screenwriter)
Oliveira, Juliana (film producer)
Other credits
Cinematography, Rodrigo Mac Niven; editing, Gabriel Medeiros, Felipe Bibian, Renato Martins.
Distributor subjects
Sociology; South America; Latin American Studies; Race + Ethnicity; Afro-Latin; Labor StudiesKeywords
WEBVTT
00:00:09.409 --> 00:00:11.644
I started working with apps,
00:00:11.644 --> 00:00:15.515
because I needed to have an income.
00:00:18.385 --> 00:00:20.220
Sometimes it\'s more than
12 hours a day working.
00:00:20.854 --> 00:00:22.422
I end up going to the street
and I end up working too
00:00:22.422 --> 00:00:23.823
even the day I thought
about taking the day off.
00:00:26.326 --> 00:00:28.928
Today we have a fragility
00:00:29.462 --> 00:00:30.764
on the labor side,
00:00:30.997 --> 00:00:33.466
because we don\'t have support.
00:00:35.035 --> 00:00:37.003
I realize that there is
a very high demand
00:00:37.003 --> 00:00:39.439
and, at the same time,
deficient in support
00:00:39.439 --> 00:00:40.673
for people who work like me.
00:00:41.141 --> 00:00:43.143
So we need to organize ourselves
00:00:43.143 --> 00:00:44.978
so that we can get something.
00:01:15.708 --> 00:01:18.211
In Brazil affected by unemployment
00:01:18.211 --> 00:01:19.612
and precariousness of work,
00:01:19.612 --> 00:01:23.283
entrepreneurship is the way out to mask
00:01:23.283 --> 00:01:26.086
the situation of passing on to the workers
00:01:26.086 --> 00:01:29.656
the responsibility to get out of the
crisis created by the Government.
00:01:35.128 --> 00:01:36.729
I have a degree in Law.
00:01:37.063 --> 00:01:39.632
After some time, I went to
study for public contest.
00:01:40.233 --> 00:01:42.302
And we were faced with the situation
00:01:42.302 --> 00:01:43.770
that our daughter got sick.
00:01:44.471 --> 00:01:46.706
At the age of five, she was diagnosed
00:01:46.706 --> 00:01:47.774
with brain tumor.
00:01:48.141 --> 00:01:51.544
Then I dropped everything
to take care of her.
00:01:53.780 --> 00:01:56.082
And when she died, I was
00:01:56.082 --> 00:01:59.786
two years out of work.
00:02:01.988 --> 00:02:06.192
My father was already working
00:02:06.192 --> 00:02:07.260
with apps.
00:02:07.961 --> 00:02:10.630
And then he said: \"Oh,
Esther, you work with apps,
00:02:10.630 --> 00:02:11.898
you can work\".
00:02:12.265 --> 00:02:15.935
I\'ve been driving with the app
for two and a half years now.
00:02:32.051 --> 00:02:33.586
Will you put it on, my son?
00:02:33.853 --> 00:02:35.889
When I went to work,
00:02:35.889 --> 00:02:38.024
I found out I was pregnant.
00:02:38.024 --> 00:02:40.994
It was, therefore, a very good period, very pleasant,
00:02:40.994 --> 00:02:43.096
but also, very difficult, to overcome.
00:02:43.396 --> 00:02:44.230
and I worked
00:02:44.564 --> 00:02:46.199
until the 8th month of pregnancy.
00:02:46.399 --> 00:02:48.001
It was a very smooth pregnancy.
00:02:50.003 --> 00:02:52.839
It started with a financial issue,
00:02:52.839 --> 00:02:54.574
to help at home
00:02:54.574 --> 00:02:56.376
and eventually we start to like it.
00:02:56.776 --> 00:02:59.245
And it\'s kind of an addiction.
00:03:31.945 --> 00:03:34.180
After I drop Bernardo off at school,
00:03:34.180 --> 00:03:35.949
I\'ll come, wash my car,
00:03:35.949 --> 00:03:37.250
I bring it here to clean it up,
00:03:37.250 --> 00:03:40.253
to start work with a clean car, right?
00:03:40.587 --> 00:03:42.455
To please everyone.
00:03:52.999 --> 00:03:55.201
Today the app is a real way
00:03:55.201 --> 00:03:57.904
of life for many people.
00:03:57.904 --> 00:03:59.772
From every social class,
00:03:59.772 --> 00:04:03.543
of every color, race, religion, sexuality, everything.
00:04:03.543 --> 00:04:08.081
Everyone today uses the app
00:04:08.081 --> 00:04:10.950
as a form of income.
00:04:10.984 --> 00:04:13.052
Some use it as a complement,
00:04:13.052 --> 00:04:15.355
others use it as their main income.
00:04:15.588 --> 00:04:19.592
My income is basically based on the app.
00:04:34.874 --> 00:04:36.476
My first job was as an office boy,
00:04:36.843 --> 00:04:39.712
in an accounting firm in Niteroi.
00:04:40.513 --> 00:04:41.814
Later, I went to the Army.
00:04:42.482 --> 00:04:45.718
Upon leaving the Army, I
went to a nearby town,
00:04:45.718 --> 00:04:47.620
where I started to work as
a clerk in a warehouse.
00:04:48.288 --> 00:04:50.523
Afterwards, I was invited to go to Macae,
00:04:50.523 --> 00:04:52.058
where I started working in a hotel,
00:04:52.058 --> 00:04:53.426
as a receptionist.
00:04:53.826 --> 00:04:55.395
I left this hotel, started in a call center
00:04:55.395 --> 00:04:57.864
and I stayed in that call center,
more or less, two years.
00:04:58.331 --> 00:04:59.165
And when I left telemarketing,
00:04:59.165 --> 00:05:01.467
I was invited to work in
this company\'s store
00:05:01.467 --> 00:05:05.605
and stayed there until March 2019.
00:05:27.293 --> 00:05:28.161
I became unemployed.
00:05:28.528 --> 00:05:30.096
When I returned to Rio de Janeiro,
00:05:30.096 --> 00:05:33.466
I realized that the service
market was very scarce.
00:05:33.933 --> 00:05:36.602
Or there was little
service being offered.
00:05:36.869 --> 00:05:38.905
That\'s when I decided to
sign up for the app.
00:05:39.539 --> 00:05:40.907
On the same day, I was approved.
00:05:41.541 --> 00:05:45.011
And then I started riding with the app.
00:05:52.085 --> 00:05:54.020
Value for money I think...
00:05:54.887 --> 00:05:57.557
let\'s say between 75 to 80% better
00:05:57.557 --> 00:05:58.524
than under the Labor Laws.
00:05:59.359 --> 00:06:00.460
I have a freedom.
00:06:01.194 --> 00:06:02.195
What freedom is this?
00:06:02.195 --> 00:06:03.863
For example, I make my schedule,
00:06:04.263 --> 00:06:06.099
so I can stop when I want to stop.
00:06:07.800 --> 00:06:09.202
So for me it\'s perfect.
00:06:13.005 --> 00:06:13.973
we can say that
00:06:13.973 --> 00:06:19.245
the world history of work is
the history of dispute,
00:06:19.245 --> 00:06:22.448
between workers and entrepreneurs,
00:06:22.882 --> 00:06:25.818
by controlling these three key points:
00:06:26.452 --> 00:06:27.587
work time,
00:06:28.287 --> 00:06:29.522
the productivity
00:06:29.856 --> 00:06:30.923
and the remuneration.
00:06:36.396 --> 00:06:40.299
What impresses in the
capital of the 21st century,
00:06:40.700 --> 00:06:45.371
when these huge, gigantic,
digital companies
00:06:45.471 --> 00:06:48.408
operating with mobility platforms
00:06:48.841 --> 00:06:51.244
arise is that, apparently,
00:06:51.677 --> 00:06:55.548
they transfer control
of these three keys
00:06:55.948 --> 00:06:57.550
for the worker.
00:06:57.550 --> 00:06:58.317
how?
00:06:58.584 --> 00:07:01.354
This company, of course,
defines how much you earn
00:07:01.354 --> 00:07:03.256
by race, or by delivery,
00:07:03.256 --> 00:07:06.592
but it doesn\'t define exactly
00:07:07.160 --> 00:07:09.529
what is your minimum productivity.
00:07:10.430 --> 00:07:12.031
And it doesn\'t define either
00:07:12.031 --> 00:07:14.000
what is your minimum working time.
00:07:14.000 --> 00:07:17.770
So, in practice, you work as much as you want
00:07:18.337 --> 00:07:20.072
and earn as much as you want.
00:07:20.306 --> 00:07:22.442
Or, at least, you have that impression.
00:07:24.010 --> 00:07:26.446
Despite this, they do not lose
00:07:26.813 --> 00:07:29.282
control over service delivery.
00:07:29.849 --> 00:07:31.784
There is absolute control,
00:07:31.984 --> 00:07:34.720
on a scale unprecedented in human history,
00:07:35.221 --> 00:07:36.622
of basic information
00:07:36.989 --> 00:07:40.059
about where you have offer,
00:07:40.860 --> 00:07:43.262
where there is heated demand at the moment.
00:07:43.596 --> 00:07:47.133
Based on this elementary information,
00:07:47.533 --> 00:07:49.869
these companies can start playing
00:07:49.869 --> 00:07:50.970
with the workers.
00:07:51.237 --> 00:07:53.239
So they say, \"If you go here,
00:07:53.940 --> 00:07:57.143
to this neighborhood, you get a bonus.
00:07:57.743 --> 00:08:00.346
If you hit a certain number of deliveries,
00:08:00.746 --> 00:08:02.548
or racing, in this period,
00:08:02.782 --> 00:08:06.152
which is a period determined
by the companies algorithm,
00:08:06.519 --> 00:08:07.787
you get an extra.\"
00:08:08.054 --> 00:08:10.957
As they hold the monopoly
of information control,
00:08:11.224 --> 00:08:12.625
they are not intermediaries.
00:08:13.559 --> 00:08:15.428
They shape the job market
00:08:15.795 --> 00:08:18.197
and guide worker behavior.
00:08:21.267 --> 00:08:22.301
How many hours do I work a day?
00:08:22.301 --> 00:08:23.269
Varies a lot,
00:08:23.803 --> 00:08:26.239
because sometimes I
leave the house at 9 am
00:08:27.640 --> 00:08:30.109
and I keep working until
about 3, 4 in the morning.
00:08:31.043 --> 00:08:32.078
I ride a lot!
00:08:32.512 --> 00:08:34.046
Sometimes I think about
taking a few days off,
00:08:34.046 --> 00:08:35.181
like on monday,
00:08:35.715 --> 00:08:37.817
and I can\'t, because the
application is addictive.
00:08:39.318 --> 00:08:42.221
The number of orders for
deliveries in Rio
00:08:42.221 --> 00:08:43.856
is much larger than in
the city of Niteroi.
00:08:44.390 --> 00:08:45.892
It pays to come to Rio de Janeiro,
00:08:46.392 --> 00:08:48.561
than staying in the
city of Niteroi working.
00:08:58.070 --> 00:08:59.372
Sometimes I go
00:08:59.372 --> 00:09:02.575
until 4:30 in the afternoon, more or less,
00:09:02.575 --> 00:09:04.477
which is the time I have to pick up my son.
00:09:04.810 --> 00:09:06.679
I do it during the week,
00:09:06.679 --> 00:09:08.948
Monday to Friday, right?
00:09:09.048 --> 00:09:10.316
From Friday to Saturday,
00:09:10.316 --> 00:09:13.853
I also do this work at night, right?
00:09:13.953 --> 00:09:16.656
Normally I go until 6, 7 in the morning.
00:09:17.089 --> 00:09:22.194
I sleep like 2, 3 hours.
00:09:22.194 --> 00:09:25.331
I wake up, I go to lunch, I fix some things,
00:09:25.631 --> 00:09:27.600
I sleep another 3 hours in the afternoon
00:09:28.167 --> 00:09:31.938
and come back to run around 8 or 9 pm
00:09:31.938 --> 00:09:36.642
and I also go until about 4,
5 in the morning.
00:09:36.943 --> 00:09:38.277
There are Sundays that I work,
00:09:38.277 --> 00:09:39.545
There are Sundays that I don\'t work.
00:09:39.545 --> 00:09:41.981
Depends on my financial need
00:09:41.981 --> 00:09:43.049
of that week.
00:09:43.115 --> 00:09:45.952
So, if you need some extra cash,
00:09:46.252 --> 00:09:49.188
you already know you\'re
going to work harder
00:09:49.188 --> 00:09:51.824
and make that money.
00:09:51.824 --> 00:09:53.659
Application demand
00:09:53.659 --> 00:09:57.029
does not always meet the
needs of our pocket,
00:09:57.029 --> 00:09:59.532
but you already have, more
or less, that parameter
00:09:59.532 --> 00:10:00.967
of what you can do.
00:10:05.438 --> 00:10:07.807
People come from Niteroi,
get off at XV square
00:10:07.807 --> 00:10:09.475
and come here to Cinelandia,
00:10:09.475 --> 00:10:13.045
where we turn on the application
and start working.
00:10:13.212 --> 00:10:15.247
Because it is where the largest
number of orders are concentrated
00:10:15.781 --> 00:10:16.816
of meals and everything.
00:10:18.484 --> 00:10:20.086
It rang, I\'m already leaving for a run.
00:10:32.031 --> 00:10:34.634
The language with which entrepreneurs
00:10:34.900 --> 00:10:37.737
sell the precariousness of work,
00:10:37.737 --> 00:10:41.974
wrapped up in the notions
of partnership, community,
00:10:42.375 --> 00:10:45.344
of freedom, flexibility,
00:10:45.444 --> 00:10:47.413
also contains another key concept,
00:10:47.413 --> 00:10:49.682
which is the concept of meritocracy.
00:10:50.383 --> 00:10:53.586
So if you\'re going to do more or less runs,
00:10:53.586 --> 00:10:55.488
if you will have more or less money,
00:10:55.488 --> 00:10:57.456
it all depends on your own effort.
00:10:57.723 --> 00:10:59.558
Because if you follow your effort,
00:10:59.558 --> 00:11:03.362
you will become a well-placed person socially.
00:11:03.863 --> 00:11:07.133
Then, it presupposes that the inequality
00:11:07.133 --> 00:11:08.300
is acceptable.
00:11:09.635 --> 00:11:11.237
-Hey. Good afternoon?
-Good afternoon. Ana?
00:11:11.237 --> 00:11:12.772
Ana? Here.
00:11:12.805 --> 00:11:13.406
Excuse me.
00:11:14.540 --> 00:11:17.443
And, in this regard, in this particular,
00:11:18.044 --> 00:11:21.147
the discourse of meritocracy is very perverse,
00:11:21.747 --> 00:11:23.983
because it has as horizon
00:11:24.183 --> 00:11:27.153
the idea that it is possible to build
00:11:27.153 --> 00:11:31.357
a just society of unequal people.
00:12:15.468 --> 00:12:17.503
When the number of orders,
in the central region,
00:12:17.503 --> 00:12:19.371
has a much lower demand,
00:12:19.371 --> 00:12:22.274
we leave for the South Zone,
where demand is much higher.
00:12:31.517 --> 00:12:34.553
The guys who ride bikes who usually
double their shifts like I do,
00:12:34.553 --> 00:12:36.055
we keep groups.
00:12:36.055 --> 00:12:38.691
Because it\'s from this group
that you take the support
00:12:38.691 --> 00:12:40.092
the app doesn\'t give you.
00:12:40.526 --> 00:12:42.161
Like, a broken bike
00:12:42.161 --> 00:12:45.097
and, if the partner is close,
will help you in some way.
00:12:45.097 --> 00:12:47.500
And also, sometimes, when
there\'s a rush for a
00:12:47.500 --> 00:12:49.468
a little distant place, at dawn,
00:12:49.468 --> 00:12:51.504
the other goes along so you
don\'t feel insecure.
00:12:51.871 --> 00:12:53.272
You know what we have to complain
00:12:53.272 --> 00:12:54.406
with the apps?
00:12:54.406 --> 00:12:56.809
There was an accident, to
have support for us,
00:12:56.809 --> 00:12:58.577
because we have no support, bro.
00:12:58.577 --> 00:12:59.845
I had an accident today.
00:12:59.845 --> 00:13:01.747
Lucky for me, I was wearing a helmet.
00:13:01.747 --> 00:13:03.149
If I wasn\'t wearing a helmet,
00:13:03.149 --> 00:13:04.283
here the helmet all shredded...
00:13:04.283 --> 00:13:05.851
I broke my teeth...
00:13:06.552 --> 00:13:07.920
all hurt.
00:13:09.455 --> 00:13:11.624
And I\'m having to work on the sacrifice,
00:13:12.057 --> 00:13:14.226
because if I stop, I won\'t get anything.
00:13:15.094 --> 00:13:17.429
And the bills don\'t stop, the bills don\'t wait.
00:13:17.763 --> 00:13:18.697
I have to pay rent,
00:13:18.697 --> 00:13:21.400
I have to pay for my food...
00:13:22.334 --> 00:13:23.335
I have to support myself.
00:13:23.736 --> 00:13:27.106
I would have to have an
aid from my application,
00:13:27.106 --> 00:13:30.342
because I was not walking, strolling.
00:13:30.342 --> 00:13:32.978
I was serving an application client,
00:13:33.245 --> 00:13:34.246
when I had an accident.
00:13:34.547 --> 00:13:37.149
We are responsible for the application,
00:13:37.149 --> 00:13:39.418
but the app has no responsibility to us.
00:13:43.155 --> 00:13:45.224
At a certain point, I was working,
00:13:45.224 --> 00:13:47.259
I was kind of on the track.
00:13:47.459 --> 00:13:50.262
My tire blew out and I already had an order.
00:13:51.497 --> 00:13:53.199
And then I contacted my support
00:13:53.199 --> 00:13:55.701
and unfortunately support said
it couldn\'t do anything
00:13:56.135 --> 00:13:57.303
and that I was on my own.
00:13:57.703 --> 00:14:00.339
Another motoboy came, took my order,
00:14:00.773 --> 00:14:02.675
and I stay in the middle of nowhere,
00:14:03.275 --> 00:14:04.109
with a flat tire,
00:14:04.944 --> 00:14:06.745
without the support I needed.
00:14:06.745 --> 00:14:08.247
That\'s a downside
00:14:08.247 --> 00:14:09.748
of you not working with Labor Laws,
00:14:09.748 --> 00:14:11.217
but it\'s something that,
00:14:11.517 --> 00:14:14.453
on the formal side, it
also has its downside.
00:14:15.221 --> 00:14:17.089
Got the side of you really getting stuck
00:14:17.089 --> 00:14:19.024
and be, literally, ordered by someone,
00:14:19.024 --> 00:14:22.661
when, in fact, you work at the company
00:14:22.661 --> 00:14:24.864
dissatisfied with your work,
00:14:25.431 --> 00:14:27.333
able to work independently today
00:14:28.033 --> 00:14:30.269
and hold it in the back.
00:14:37.142 --> 00:14:39.678
What, in practice, these
companies are doing is
00:14:40.579 --> 00:14:42.982
saying you have the freedom to choose
00:14:44.216 --> 00:14:46.986
managing your time at work,
00:14:47.486 --> 00:14:49.955
but at the same time they
take away from you
00:14:50.656 --> 00:14:53.425
your ability to manage your
life outside of work,
00:14:53.626 --> 00:14:56.595
through lack of rights.
00:14:57.997 --> 00:15:00.432
What we call precarization.
00:15:00.766 --> 00:15:01.767
you get hurt,
00:15:02.268 --> 00:15:04.336
have to take some time away from work,
00:15:05.170 --> 00:15:06.839
you will not receive
00:15:07.239 --> 00:15:10.576
because you don\'t have sick leave.
00:15:10.709 --> 00:15:11.844
You want a vacation.
00:15:12.278 --> 00:15:14.980
You will not get paid.
00:15:15.447 --> 00:15:16.949
if you work
00:15:17.483 --> 00:15:19.652
using a more dangerous vehicle,
00:15:19.652 --> 00:15:21.220
or in a more dangerous area,
00:15:21.687 --> 00:15:25.224
you will not receive hazard pay.
00:15:25.424 --> 00:15:28.193
All this means absence of rights.
00:15:34.099 --> 00:15:35.801
I opened an Individual micro
enterprise for myself,
00:15:35.801 --> 00:15:38.037
because I found it, like, fundamental
00:15:38.037 --> 00:15:40.873
that I had my rights protected.
00:15:41.307 --> 00:15:43.442
When I made this Individual
micro enterprise, it was good,
00:15:43.442 --> 00:15:46.478
because I could have the
right to maternity leave.
00:15:46.845 --> 00:15:48.714
Despite not having the income I had
00:15:48.714 --> 00:15:51.784
with the app, but at
least it was guaranteed
00:15:52.351 --> 00:15:53.953
this issue of
00:15:54.653 --> 00:15:56.455
of having a value to help me.
00:15:57.656 --> 00:15:59.591
There is a first attempt at a solution
00:15:59.591 --> 00:16:01.060
which is on its own individual scale.
00:16:01.593 --> 00:16:04.797
This attempt would be the conversion
00:16:05.297 --> 00:16:07.299
of service providers
00:16:08.133 --> 00:16:09.435
in Individual micro enterprises.
00:16:09.935 --> 00:16:12.438
Individual microentrepreneurs.
00:16:13.238 --> 00:16:17.376
The question that everyone
involved should ask themselves
00:16:18.143 --> 00:16:22.348
is whether the Individual micro
enterprise option is really better
00:16:23.082 --> 00:16:26.218
than the option for Labor Laws.
00:16:27.386 --> 00:16:29.188
Sometimes we arrive in a region
00:16:29.188 --> 00:16:30.990
where is a risk area.
00:16:31.423 --> 00:16:32.691
You know it\'s not cool.
00:16:32.691 --> 00:16:34.960
This year, we had two cases.
00:16:34.960 --> 00:16:37.930
One of a driver who was murdered,
00:16:38.297 --> 00:16:41.300
and another one who was kidnapped
00:16:41.300 --> 00:16:43.002
and they found him...
00:16:43.002 --> 00:16:44.670
inside a car trunk.
00:16:45.037 --> 00:16:47.106
We really have to be careful,
00:16:47.106 --> 00:16:50.843
look where you\'re going
00:16:50.843 --> 00:16:52.144
who are you taking.
00:16:52.277 --> 00:16:55.647
We usually check passengers\' notes,
00:16:56.015 --> 00:16:59.418
exactly, so that we can protect ourselves.
00:17:00.119 --> 00:17:02.855
And it\'s not just at night, no, at dawn.
00:17:02.855 --> 00:17:06.225
But today the apps punish us,
00:17:06.225 --> 00:17:08.694
when we refuse a certain call.
00:17:08.694 --> 00:17:09.995
As self-employed,
00:17:09.995 --> 00:17:13.866
this sort of thing shouldn\'t
be heavy for us.
00:17:13.866 --> 00:17:15.834
And I, in particular, will not put
00:17:15.834 --> 00:17:17.503
my physical integrity at risk
00:17:17.836 --> 00:17:19.304
to take a call,
00:17:19.304 --> 00:17:20.973
a certain call
00:17:20.973 --> 00:17:22.941
just because of acceptance rate
00:17:22.941 --> 00:17:24.176
or cancellation.
00:17:25.444 --> 00:17:27.846
Due to the absence of rights,
00:17:28.480 --> 00:17:30.582
it is possible to establish a parallel
00:17:30.816 --> 00:17:33.552
between the precariousness
of labor relations,
00:17:33.552 --> 00:17:34.620
in the 21st century,
00:17:35.521 --> 00:17:40.225
and forced labor relations
in the 19th century.
00:17:43.162 --> 00:17:45.330
Today we do not have
slavery as it existed.
00:17:45.931 --> 00:17:50.402
The entrepreneur does
not practice the exercise
00:17:50.402 --> 00:17:53.972
of physical violence against the worker.
00:17:54.339 --> 00:17:56.442
Because, deep down, the
entrepreneur is not the owner
00:17:56.442 --> 00:17:57.776
of that person.
00:17:57.776 --> 00:17:59.812
And that difference is
important to mark.
00:18:02.047 --> 00:18:03.115
On the other hand,
00:18:03.882 --> 00:18:07.152
Today\'s companies rely on workers
00:18:07.152 --> 00:18:09.555
entering the precarious job market
00:18:10.389 --> 00:18:12.925
on a massive scale.
00:18:14.126 --> 00:18:16.895
And if one gets hurt or dies,
00:18:16.895 --> 00:18:19.798
the company does not lose anything from this.
00:18:21.733 --> 00:18:22.868
Today we have, for example,
00:18:22.868 --> 00:18:25.370
here in Belo Horizonte, FANMA, right?
00:18:26.238 --> 00:18:29.408
Which is the National Support Front
for the Autonomous Driver.
00:18:29.708 --> 00:18:31.944
Today we have some claims,
00:18:31.944 --> 00:18:33.479
which are the security issue.
00:18:33.479 --> 00:18:35.614
Another issue is the issue of tariffs.
00:18:36.048 --> 00:18:40.719
It is clearly absurd today what apps
00:18:40.719 --> 00:18:41.987
take from us.
00:18:42.221 --> 00:18:46.558
It has already caught more
than 40% of a race.
00:18:47.159 --> 00:18:50.496
Considering that we have the
cost, vehicle maintenance,
00:18:50.496 --> 00:18:52.064
we have the fuel.
00:18:57.336 --> 00:18:58.704
In the future, I intend to...
00:18:59.805 --> 00:19:00.672
set up a space
00:19:01.273 --> 00:19:03.342
in which these people can have a period of rest,
00:19:03.342 --> 00:19:04.610
where we can also
00:19:04.610 --> 00:19:07.246
do preventive maintenance on the guy\'s bike,
00:19:07.246 --> 00:19:08.947
where we can also
00:19:09.781 --> 00:19:11.750
support in the morning, during the day.
00:19:12.050 --> 00:19:12.885
Which is a tire that bursts,
00:19:12.885 --> 00:19:14.319
It\'s a brake that no longer works.
00:19:14.319 --> 00:19:16.121
In this space, we get the crowd
00:19:16.755 --> 00:19:18.857
that comes from Baixada,
from Niteroi, Sao Gonçalo
00:19:19.458 --> 00:19:21.193
and often ends up sleeping on the beach.
00:19:23.061 --> 00:19:24.897
When you lose these benefits,
00:19:25.497 --> 00:19:27.799
you practically have to...
00:19:28.333 --> 00:19:32.104
rebuild the bonds of life
with an informal network
00:19:32.304 --> 00:19:35.974
of support for the reproduction
of the family and of oneself.
00:19:39.811 --> 00:19:44.816
These social relationships are
reminiscent of mutualism
00:19:44.917 --> 00:19:47.553
which was the form of collective
organization of work
00:19:48.053 --> 00:19:50.889
in the 19th century, at the time
of the Industrial Revolution.
00:19:51.290 --> 00:19:54.293
Therefore, before the consolidation
00:19:54.293 --> 00:19:55.827
of workers\' rights,
00:19:56.261 --> 00:19:57.796
of labor legislation.
00:19:58.096 --> 00:19:59.665
-Good afternoon. Gabriel?
-Yes.
00:20:00.933 --> 00:20:03.302
It is curious that now,
in the 21st century,
00:20:03.602 --> 00:20:08.574
we see the emergence of relationships
00:20:08.907 --> 00:20:10.842
of solidarity among workers
00:20:10.842 --> 00:20:12.644
who are outside the law
00:20:12.945 --> 00:20:16.648
and refer to a social
practice of the 19th century.
00:20:20.052 --> 00:20:23.355
This here is a point where
the crowd would get together
00:20:23.355 --> 00:20:25.257
and slept right here on the beach.
00:20:25.991 --> 00:20:28.193
And also, next door, we have the bathroom.
00:20:28.193 --> 00:20:28.894
where we took a bath,
00:20:29.228 --> 00:20:30.462
when you leave the beach early in the morning,
00:20:30.462 --> 00:20:32.264
that cold, yummy bath...
00:20:32.464 --> 00:20:34.166
to keep working during the day,
00:20:34.366 --> 00:20:35.267
here in Copacabana.
00:20:40.439 --> 00:20:43.976
leaving home to work,
00:20:43.976 --> 00:20:46.545
especially at night, it is very difficult.
00:20:48.180 --> 00:20:50.148
One two three four
00:20:50.148 --> 00:20:52.217
One two three four
00:20:52.918 --> 00:20:53.986
That\'s it.
00:20:54.253 --> 00:20:55.821
Because sometimes we...
00:20:55.821 --> 00:20:58.924
it\'s a Saturday, a Friday night,
00:20:58.924 --> 00:21:00.559
everyone is enjoying it
00:21:00.559 --> 00:21:02.761
or on a Sunday, everyone is with the family,
00:21:02.761 --> 00:21:07.165
or Christmas, a New Year, and we have to go out.
00:21:07.165 --> 00:21:08.033
So give mommy a kiss,
00:21:08.033 --> 00:21:08.967
- Mom will go to work.
- Give your mom a kiss.
00:21:12.704 --> 00:21:14.072
- Kiss.
-Give your mom a kiss.
00:21:14.072 --> 00:21:15.407
Now come here. Come here.
00:21:16.141 --> 00:21:16.708
Come here.
00:21:17.709 --> 00:21:19.645
Let\'s give Mom a little kiss, both of us.
00:21:27.386 --> 00:21:30.956
There are days when a
great anguish hits
00:21:30.956 --> 00:21:34.593
of having to leave and
leave the family behind.
00:21:35.427 --> 00:21:38.930
There are times when you
want to run away, go home,
00:21:39.598 --> 00:21:42.434
buy some popcorn and
stay with the family,
00:21:42.434 --> 00:21:43.669
watching a movie...
00:21:44.736 --> 00:21:47.272
or simply rest.
00:21:47.906 --> 00:21:51.209
I usually get home at dawn,
00:21:52.110 --> 00:21:56.448
and, many times, my son is waking up.
00:21:57.649 --> 00:22:00.619
But we have a commitment, we have
00:22:01.753 --> 00:22:03.021
responsibility
00:22:03.755 --> 00:22:07.259
and we know that sometimes
we have to make sacrifices.
00:22:21.940 --> 00:22:22.941
I currently see
00:22:22.941 --> 00:22:26.912
three possible solutions
00:22:27.813 --> 00:22:30.248
for the precariousness of work.
00:22:30.449 --> 00:22:32.284
Brutal and violent, as we see it.
00:22:32.684 --> 00:22:36.188
Reshape power relationships
within companies.
00:22:36.321 --> 00:22:38.357
Companies open boards
00:22:38.357 --> 00:22:43.128
in which workers are
entitled to participate
00:22:43.128 --> 00:22:45.697
in the decision-making process
of the company itself.
00:22:46.031 --> 00:22:47.666
What would be the second option?
00:22:47.866 --> 00:22:51.169
That the State intervene
in the relations
00:22:51.603 --> 00:22:54.573
between workers and digital companies,
00:22:54.773 --> 00:22:56.908
doing the proper mediation
00:22:57.342 --> 00:22:59.711
and characterizing work relationships
00:22:59.711 --> 00:23:02.147
as an employment relationship.
00:23:02.247 --> 00:23:03.715
And the third solution would be to reset
00:23:04.049 --> 00:23:08.587
property relations, in the digital economy,
00:23:08.820 --> 00:23:11.723
to diversify the digital economy itself.
00:23:11.790 --> 00:23:14.960
The workers would have
to set up a cooperative,
00:23:15.360 --> 00:23:18.130
using urban mobility platforms,
00:23:18.630 --> 00:23:21.032
cloning their technology,
00:23:21.600 --> 00:23:23.969
and setting up cooperatives owned
00:23:23.969 --> 00:23:25.904
by the workers themselves,
00:23:26.204 --> 00:23:28.640
with a democratic model of management.
00:23:29.174 --> 00:23:32.077
These cooperatives have the advantage
00:23:32.077 --> 00:23:34.379
of not taking from the workers
00:23:35.213 --> 00:23:38.817
25%, 28% of each race,
00:23:39.384 --> 00:23:41.052
in the form of profit for the entrepreneur.
00:23:41.486 --> 00:23:42.954
Currently, I have my college locked up,
00:23:43.121 --> 00:23:44.289
I do Marketing,
00:23:44.723 --> 00:23:46.391
but it is locked, exactly,
00:23:46.391 --> 00:23:48.160
because of my day to day, it is very busy,
00:23:48.160 --> 00:23:49.795
But until I finish, I\'m
dedicating myself to the bike.
00:23:52.731 --> 00:23:56.067
My intention now is to focus on my training.
00:23:56.067 --> 00:23:58.937
I\'ll have to settle into my routine
00:23:58.937 --> 00:24:01.573
a time for study, so that I can
00:24:01.573 --> 00:24:03.208
get back to my routine
00:24:03.208 --> 00:24:07.579
of public contest, and the test of
the Order of Lawyers of Brazil.
00:24:16.421 --> 00:24:18.256
The answer to the problem is
00:24:18.990 --> 00:24:22.060
not on the individual scale.
00:24:22.761 --> 00:24:24.062
the problem answer
00:24:24.596 --> 00:24:28.300
is on the scale of the collective
organization of workers.
00:24:29.634 --> 00:24:30.569
Hey. Goodnight!
00:24:30.569 --> 00:24:32.037
Can I have a cheese bread?
00:24:32.604 --> 00:24:36.174
I usually come to this bakery, at dawn,
00:24:36.241 --> 00:24:39.010
to relax before going back to work.
00:24:41.580 --> 00:24:44.316
With precariousness, it comes along
00:24:44.483 --> 00:24:45.350
the dismantle
00:24:45.717 --> 00:24:47.085
the dismantling
00:24:47.519 --> 00:24:48.553
of the unions.
00:24:49.588 --> 00:24:50.755
Because, on the other hand,
00:24:50.922 --> 00:24:53.558
is the collective organization of capital.
00:24:54.392 --> 00:24:55.827
Will they accept me?
00:24:56.428 --> 00:24:57.496
Excellent.
00:25:22.020 --> 00:25:28.660
4 million people work for service app
companies in Brazil without working links.
00:25:30.028 --> 00:25:33.298
Superexplored during the pandemic, the app delivery
people organized the first general strike on July 1st, 2020.
00:25:33.331 --> 00:25:42.207
Since then, they have been mobilizing to claim
better working conditions and to create cooperatives.
Distributor: Pragda Films
Length: 26 minutes
Date: 2020
Genre: Expository
Language: Portuguese
Grade: High School, College, Adults
Color/BW:
Closed Captioning: Available
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An insightful and educated exploration of Brazil at this stage and age.

An insightful and educated exploration of Brazil at this stage and age.