WEBVTT

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- Who are you?
- I'm Zégué Bamba.

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- Are you a witness?
- Yes.

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Beï!

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Would the court usher...

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ask the gentleman to remove his hat?

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Tell him it's not his turn yet.

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He'll get his chance to speak.

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He can wait in the courtroom.

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Words are something...

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They can seize you in your heart.

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It's bad if you keep them inside.

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You can say what you have in your heart

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when the time comes.

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Since he hasn't asked you to speak,

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stop now and sit down.

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- It doesn't matter...
- He says he understands.

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The goat has its ideas
but so does the hen.

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When you come for something,

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you have to do it.

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You must know why you're here.

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But coming and leaving without
speaking...

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Tell him to speak to the court.

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You haven't been asked to speak.

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Go and sit down. Your chance will come.

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They're just asking you to wait.

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I'll give him back his word.

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My words won't remain within me.

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All right. Thank you.

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Chaka...

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Chaka...

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Ina has a temperature.

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Mum...

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I'm fine.

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I'm okay.

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Yes, everything's fine.

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I just have a cold.

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She's asleep.

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I'm coming back to Dakar.

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The railway brought Africa
its emancipation.

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That's the role of labour
regulations in Africa.

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It awoke political awareness.

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The World Bank is throwing
all that out with the trash.

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Our identity, your identity,
our history, your history.

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What are your feelings

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when you witness this disaster?

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I don't care...

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You complicate things too.

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Here, take this.

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The hearing has resumed,
please sit down.

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If you go in, you're not filming!

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No one films here.

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Beï!

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I'm singing late tonight.

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- Hello, Boiré, how are you?
- Hello.

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It is stated that the share
of our states' budgets

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devoted to social services

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and to the repayment of the debt

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is set as it was between 1992 and 1997.

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We have examined a few countries.

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I shall use those examples.

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In Kenya, when the national budget

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allocated 12.6% to basic
social services,

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such as health, education

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and infrastructure,

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And 40% of that same budget was devoted

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to repayment of foreign debt.

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In Zambia, when 6.7%

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was spent on basic social services,

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40% was again used to pay off the debt.

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In Cameroon, it's even worse.

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4% of the budget was spent
on basic social services

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while 36% was used to pay off the debt.

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To take a concrete example,

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of the 200 billion CFA francs
in Cameroon's budget,

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only 8 billion was spent
on basic social services

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while, at the same time, 72 billion

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left the country to pay off the debt.

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How do you feel about these figures

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that are so clearly disastrous
for African peoples?

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See that policeman there?

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He's not a good man.

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I'm a criminologist, see.

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You work for the police?

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I just take photos for them.

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When there are crimes,
murders or accidents,

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I take photos.

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Does this mean, in the words
of this Burkina Faso farmer,

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that Africa at last accepts
globalization

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and simply asks
that the rules of the game

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be fair, transparent and valid for all?

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The relationship with Europe
is governed by lies,

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hypocrisy and cynicism.

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Everything is done to make sure

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Africans are unaware
of the system's rapacity.

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That is what I denounce when I say

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the impetus is northern
but the theft is local,

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done with our complicity.

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I make a little money that way,

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like with weddings.

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There's another market now:
filming funerals.

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There's money in that.

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The faces of people who talk
don't interest me.

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There's no truth in them.

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I prefer the dead.

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They're truer.

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Firstly, I strongly oppose the idea

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that Africa's key characteristic
is her poverty.

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She is more the victim of her riches.

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I would rather we talk
about pauperization

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than poverty.

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Because in talking of pauperization,

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you pinpoint the mechanisms

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and Bush is at the heart of these.

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Bush is the conductor.

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Therefore, I don't see...

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why he is complaining.

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I say that the West has created
and imposed two fears on itself:

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terrorism and immigration.

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So let's view this soberly.

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We must stop presenting

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the causes of these problems
as their solutions.

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Everything is for sale
or must be bought.

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Today, a sick woman
in a village risks dying

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because the nurse who has the medicine

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won't treat her because she can't pay.

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That is what it has come to,
what we've learned from the system.

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In other words, pay or die.
That's the West's lesson

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that we inflict on ourselves.

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And, personally, I think
what Africa needs to do now

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is to make an effort
to pull herself together.

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We are caught up by the West

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in striving for a society
that we can't attain.

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Our public services have been sold off.

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We could have developed a control system
for the administrators,

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brought the necessary pressure to bear,

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and denounced the profiteers.

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We have accepted it at times.
If you had a well-placed relative,

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you were happy to profit
from the system with him.

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How can we take back our assets?

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That's a major political issue.

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Death is good.

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Nothing's better than death.

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Your suggestion is that you pull
yourself together.

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That's a fine idea, a wide-ranging
and abstract idea,

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but it isn't a program.

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After this first remark, I would like

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to offer two examples that
will provide striking proof

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that your ideas...

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- Can you get to the point?
- Right away.

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For instance, I have heard Maître Tall
provide figures

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and you have approved them.
What figures?

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My esteemed colleague, you said earlier,

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"We are given 54 billion

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and, in actual fact, we have
to pay back 436 billion."

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Do you know, Madame,

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that, for Mali, we will be forgiven

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the sum of 1.42 billion CFA francs,

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representing 60% of the debt?

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Are you aware of that fact?

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I'm aware of that act of deception.

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Madame Traoré, please address the court.

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It was decided at Gleneagles,
during the G8 summit,

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as part of a so-called cancellation
of the debt.

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Firstly, we consider,

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given the interest rates applied,

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that Africa has paid off this debt

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and owes nothing more
to these institutions.

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Secondly, we assert that

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the disastrous nature
of economic policies

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in which only borrowed money
was invested

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without any benefit to the people
of Mali and Africa,

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is a moral wrong
that didn't even require

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this "good deed" by the G8.

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But, above all, I wish to say
that this 1.42 billion

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is not fresh money
injected into Mali's economy.

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What we need today

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is fresh money in order
to create jobs and to invest.

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We haven't even
mentioned corruption yet.

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I feel that the correct use
of our own resources

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could safeguard us today

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from this manipulation
of international public opinion

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that presents a false cancellation
as a true one.

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We shall perhaps be able to save
a few billion each year

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as part of the servicing
of the debt we're paying off.

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But this decision has done more

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to improve the G8's image
than to actually help Africa.

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True, I haven't put forward a program

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but that isn't my intention.

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I would simply like
a critical mass of Africans

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to know more about the reasons
we are in this position.

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Your Honor, I agree with the witness.

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It's not the job of a writer
to put forth programs.

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And I also agree that writers

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should denounce the wrongs
they may observe.

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They can express their personal feelings
and thoughts.

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But you abandoned
that role just now, Madame.

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You presented yourself,
on this stand, as an expert.

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You tackled specific issues,

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you addressed the problem of the debt,

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you stated that debt impoverishes
Africa, an arguable point,

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but that its cancellation,
you just repeated

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is of no consequence.

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I am a citizen of this country,

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with my feet firmly grounded
in the realities of this country.

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Being a writer doesn't mean
I don't have a certain expertise

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at dealing with aggressive stances

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in an open debate

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on issues that I experience
from the inside.

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But this money comes with a proviso.

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It forces the hand of 18 countries

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to make them speed up
the structural reforms

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that benefit the North.

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But I'm not only fighting for subsidies.

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I'm fighting for the possibility
of a country like Mali

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to be able
to produce cotton if it so desires,

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and be able to earn a living from it.

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A living to sell what?

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That's why this issue
goes way beyond Africa.

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Why should the fate of people depend

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on their ability to produce
and sell abroad?

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China's expansion must be integrated
into the debate.

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Your own countries tremble before China.

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What will Mali do?

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I believe that cotton production
has had its day.

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Besides, with the prices of products

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that come from China
copying our textiles,

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there is no major stake for us
in the cotton debate.

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"In an irrevocably open world,

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we must civilize globalization

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and give it a meaning."

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What do you think of those words?

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Can progress be made or not during
the globalization process?

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For example, if the standards enforced

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by the ILO were made general,

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would that be good or bad?

00:22:44.092 --> 00:22:48.550
Or would that merely oppress
Africans even more?

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I strongly oppose your starting point:
"the open world".

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We don't live in an open world,
Mr. Rappaport.

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The words you just read

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provide an eloquent answer
to the questions that you ask.

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If globalization needs to be improved
and civilized,

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that means it "decivilizes"
and dehumanizes.

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Today, we see Africans
who opt for emigration,

00:23:16.425 --> 00:23:18.383
who are economic refugees,

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arrested, handcuffed, deported,
humiliated and sent back home.

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How can you claim,
given that terrible situation

00:23:27.467 --> 00:23:31.925
that shocks the whole world,
that we live in an open world?

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It's clearly open for whites
but not for blacks.

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I'm a witness.

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Madou Keita isn't on the list.

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Step back.

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If our countries are not imploding today

00:24:00.258 --> 00:24:02.467
it's only because,
at the domestic level,

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women play such an important role.

00:24:05.633 --> 00:24:09.133
That is why they must refuse
to be imprisoned

00:24:09.217 --> 00:24:13.092
within the conventional
interpretation of the situation

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that holds they are essentially victims
of their culture, society and men.

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Men are in trouble, as are women.

00:24:21.758 --> 00:24:24.050
We will emerge from this
only by working together.

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- Where's the mirror?
- Here it is.

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Very nice.

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I'll give you a good price.

00:24:49.133 --> 00:24:52.008
Yes, yes. You all say that.

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Some darker ones.

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They're by Gucci, an Italian designer.

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Where's the Gucci logo?

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It's top quality.

00:25:08.508 --> 00:25:09.717
Where's the Gucci logo?

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They're by Gucci.

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But if they're Gucci
there should be a logo,

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Falaï...

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That's not the same policeman.

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The one there before

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fell asleep during the break.

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He said his gun disappeared.

00:26:00.925 --> 00:26:02.425
An officer's investigating.

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He suspects me.

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Madame, raise your right hand

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and swear to tell nothing but the truth.

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I swear to Allah.

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What does he want?

00:27:46.883 --> 00:27:49.383
We were in Morocco together.

00:27:49.800 --> 00:27:51.008
He's the one we need for now.

00:27:51.092 --> 00:27:56.092
You can sit down. Take a seat.

00:27:59.383 --> 00:28:00.758
He says that he left Mali

00:28:02.258 --> 00:28:03.592
to go to Spain.

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He crossed Niger.

00:28:11.383 --> 00:28:14.217
He left Niger and went to Algeria.

00:28:16.300 --> 00:28:18.092
From there, he went to Morocco.

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The Moroccans brought us back to Oujda.

00:28:23.508 --> 00:28:27.342
They made us all board a truck

00:28:27.425 --> 00:28:31.092
to take us into the Sahara.

00:28:31.425 --> 00:28:34.925
From there, we walked to Algeria.

00:28:35.008 --> 00:28:37.383
The Algerians refused to let us in.

00:28:37.467 --> 00:28:41.217
They helped us the first time,

00:28:41.550 --> 00:28:43.508
but this time they didn't.

00:28:43.592 --> 00:28:46.967
They opened fire on us
but the bullets didn't hit anyone

00:28:47.050 --> 00:28:48.633
and we set off again.

00:28:49.883 --> 00:28:53.133
There were around 30 of us.

00:28:53.883 --> 00:28:57.550
We walked for seven nights.

00:28:58.550 --> 00:29:00.467
We walked for a week.

00:29:01.258 --> 00:29:03.425
Without water or food.

00:29:03.508 --> 00:29:05.842
Those who were sick were soon exhausted.

00:29:05.925 --> 00:29:08.925
One man couldn't go any further.

00:29:09.008 --> 00:29:11.842
His young brother sat down next to him

00:29:11.925 --> 00:29:14.175
to wait for him.

00:29:14.675 --> 00:29:16.175
He said, "Don't wait. Go.

00:29:16.258 --> 00:29:17.550
I can't go on,

00:29:17.633 --> 00:29:19.842
I accept death.

00:29:19.925 --> 00:29:26.258
There's no sense in you waiting with me.

00:29:26.342 --> 00:29:27.550
Go..."

00:29:29.300 --> 00:29:30.800
There was a woman with us.

00:29:30.883 --> 00:29:32.758
She was from Ghana.

00:29:32.842 --> 00:29:34.258
We didn't know she was a woman.

00:29:34.342 --> 00:29:36.800
She was disguised as a boy.

00:29:36.883 --> 00:29:40.175
She was exhausted.

00:29:40.258 --> 00:29:43.008
We went over to her to help her.

00:29:43.092 --> 00:29:46.800
We couldn't do anything.

00:31:55.675 --> 00:31:58.092
There were 30 of us at first

00:31:58.175 --> 00:32:03.092
but only ten or so
survived without much trouble.

00:32:03.175 --> 00:32:04.633
We don't know where the others are.

00:32:04.717 --> 00:32:05.925
Are they dead?

00:32:06.008 --> 00:32:09.383
Are they wandering in the Sahara?

00:32:09.467 --> 00:32:11.217
I don't know.

00:32:26.592 --> 00:32:28.425
Madou Keita...

00:32:30.133 --> 00:32:34.050
The reason why you left your country,

00:32:34.133 --> 00:32:36.175
was the suffering you felt.

00:32:38.467 --> 00:32:40.717
Since your birth, Madou,

00:32:40.800 --> 00:32:43.008
have you been to school to learn?

00:32:43.842 --> 00:32:45.842
Since your birth, Madou,

00:32:45.925 --> 00:32:48.758
has the state given you
the health care you need?

00:32:49.842 --> 00:32:51.550
Since your birth, Madou,

00:32:51.633 --> 00:32:55.217
has the state taught you a trade?
Has it found you work?

00:32:55.300 --> 00:32:57.467
Has it given you money?

00:32:59.342 --> 00:33:01.550
It has given me nothing.

00:33:03.050 --> 00:33:05.300
Nothing.
The state has given me nothing.

00:33:10.133 --> 00:33:12.508
What do you mean?

00:33:12.592 --> 00:33:14.633
You're not thinking.

00:33:14.717 --> 00:33:16.217
You're being unreasonable.

00:33:16.300 --> 00:33:17.508
We can understand him.

00:33:17.592 --> 00:33:19.258
Look at yourself and look at him!

00:33:19.342 --> 00:33:20.675
You'll never be like them!

00:33:20.758 --> 00:33:22.300
How can you defend them?

00:33:22.383 --> 00:33:24.967
Look at yourself and look at him!

00:33:25.050 --> 00:33:27.508
Until your dying day,

00:33:27.592 --> 00:33:30.217
you'll never be like them!
Never like them.

00:33:30.383 --> 00:33:33.092
You're lost for us! Lost for us!

00:33:33.175 --> 00:33:35.092
- Madame, please...
- Let me speak to this fool!

00:33:35.175 --> 00:33:37.092
- Please, Madame.
- Look what he's doing!

00:33:37.175 --> 00:33:38.925
- Let's get serious here!
- He did his duty.

00:33:39.008 --> 00:33:42.758
Honestly! What is this?
You're wearing us out.

00:33:42.842 --> 00:33:46.592
Please, Madame. He's doing his duty.

00:33:46.675 --> 00:33:48.008
Let's get serious!

00:33:48.092 --> 00:33:51.217
If we were alone,
you wouldn't leave unharmed.

00:33:51.300 --> 00:33:53.050
I'd accept the consequences.

00:33:58.550 --> 00:34:01.258
Enough suffering!

00:34:01.800 --> 00:34:03.883
Enough suffering!

00:34:03.967 --> 00:34:08.508
Enough manipulation!
Enough manipulation!

00:34:14.133 --> 00:34:16.717
The hearing is adjourned.

00:35:00.092 --> 00:35:02.217
Saramba, will this do?

00:35:02.300 --> 00:35:04.008
Hold it up to see.

00:35:08.342 --> 00:35:10.842
That's good. Rinse it
and hang it out to dry.

00:35:14.633 --> 00:35:17.258
You know Raymond is dead?

00:35:19.967 --> 00:35:21.342
Which Raymond?

00:35:22.550 --> 00:35:24.342
The same one.

00:35:28.092 --> 00:35:30.133
What was wrong with him?

00:35:33.925 --> 00:35:35.425
Nothing.

00:35:39.383 --> 00:35:40.717
- 14/12...

00:35:41.133 --> 00:35:43.092
- That's good.
- It's good?

00:35:44.592 --> 00:35:46.008
Thank you.

00:36:19.133 --> 00:36:22.633
What are you looking for here,
by this streetlight's glow?

00:36:22.717 --> 00:36:26.300
What are you looking for here,
by this streetlight's glow?

00:36:26.967 --> 00:36:32.383
Have you lost something?
Yes, I've lost my wallet.

00:36:33.633 --> 00:36:37.175
Yes, I've lost my wallet.

00:36:40.092 --> 00:36:44.800
Are you sure you lost it here?

00:36:45.175 --> 00:36:47.758
And now, tonight's film.

00:36:47.883 --> 00:36:50.758
As for me, I'll be here tomorrow
for our news bulletin.

00:36:50.842 --> 00:36:52.633
Good night to all.

00:36:56.342 --> 00:36:58.508
Some technical problems

00:36:58.592 --> 00:37:01.217
but everything will be settled shortly.

00:38:13.342 --> 00:38:14.967
I'm lost here.

00:38:16.050 --> 00:38:17.800
Know where the square is?

00:39:47.967 --> 00:39:49.508
You like Jean-Henri?

00:39:53.008 --> 00:39:54.258
How do you like this guy?

00:39:58.925 --> 00:40:01.508
I like the guy. He did a good
job in Bangladesh.

00:40:06.508 --> 00:40:08.842
They don't need two teachers.

00:40:13.050 --> 00:40:15.258
Spare the children

00:40:26.967 --> 00:40:28.675
Ferdinand...

00:40:30.842 --> 00:40:32.133
Efficient.

00:41:14.383 --> 00:41:16.133
Guys...

00:41:22.467 --> 00:41:27.133
I fired at one and I got two!

00:43:25.175 --> 00:43:27.758
What's up, guys?
Have you seen my soap-dish?

00:43:27.842 --> 00:43:29.383
No, I haven't.

00:44:05.092 --> 00:44:06.550
Mamou!

00:44:06.717 --> 00:44:08.050
Take this.

00:44:08.467 --> 00:44:10.717
Let's do the blue ones.

00:44:14.217 --> 00:44:17.717
Do a sky blue one like this.

00:44:48.508 --> 00:44:50.467
I'm off to Dakar on Sunday.

00:44:51.925 --> 00:44:54.050
But without Ina.

00:45:13.758 --> 00:45:17.133
Tell me, what's going on
between Mélé and you?

00:45:17.967 --> 00:45:19.383
Nothing.

00:45:19.883 --> 00:45:21.842
What do you mean, nothing?

00:45:22.508 --> 00:45:24.258
You don't talk to her anymore.

00:45:24.342 --> 00:45:26.217
She's the one not talking to me.

00:45:28.008 --> 00:45:30.092
Nor to Mariam, either.

00:45:30.467 --> 00:45:33.258
If you want to sort it all out,
talk to your wife,

00:45:34.175 --> 00:45:36.175
not to me.

00:45:45.967 --> 00:45:48.383
All rise.

00:46:45.717 --> 00:46:48.175
As social realities demand,

00:46:48.258 --> 00:46:50.592
we shall take a short break.

00:48:08.008 --> 00:48:10.967
Aren't there people with money in Mali?

00:48:13.050 --> 00:48:15.633
People who've enriched themselves?

00:48:15.717 --> 00:48:17.842
People who are rich enough

00:48:18.592 --> 00:48:21.008
and who can now create jobs

00:48:21.092 --> 00:48:24.592
by founding a company
and keeping it in Mali

00:48:24.675 --> 00:48:26.508
simply don't exist.

00:48:26.758 --> 00:48:31.425
We have heard a witness, a mutual
insurance manager, Mr. Aouitara.

00:48:31.925 --> 00:48:34.467
Is that his name? Ouatara.

00:48:34.758 --> 00:48:36.258
Mr. Ouatara told us

00:48:37.342 --> 00:48:43.008
that part of the money provided
by international aid

00:48:43.092 --> 00:48:44.592
was not spent.

00:48:44.675 --> 00:48:46.633
He didn't say it was embezzled.

00:48:46.717 --> 00:48:50.342
He said it was there
and it wasn't being used.

00:48:50.425 --> 00:48:53.342
Money is provided but not used

00:48:53.425 --> 00:48:56.592
even though it is vital. Why is that?

00:48:56.675 --> 00:49:00.300
I can't say anything
about Mr. Ouatara's statement.

00:49:01.300 --> 00:49:06.342
It's his opinion. My view is different.

00:49:06.425 --> 00:49:08.050
It's not a matter of opinion...

00:49:08.133 --> 00:49:10.383
Maître Rappaport,
let the witness answer.

00:49:10.467 --> 00:49:12.425
Yes, Your Honor.

00:49:13.175 --> 00:49:16.342
Mr. Keita, actually, Maître Rappapov...

00:49:16.425 --> 00:49:18.758
- Excuse me, Rap-pa-port.
- Rappaport.

00:49:18.842 --> 00:49:23.175
Rappaport is saying our disbursement
capacities are poor.

00:49:23.258 --> 00:49:24.550
- Very poor!
- Exactly.

00:49:24.633 --> 00:49:26.883
Maître Rappaport,

00:49:26.967 --> 00:49:30.508
let's consider
the most social fields today

00:49:31.258 --> 00:49:37.175
that are also considered
fundamental for us.

00:49:37.925 --> 00:49:39.717
Education.

00:49:40.633 --> 00:49:43.550
Has anyone ever seen a school built

00:49:43.633 --> 00:49:48.342
using what you refer to
as financial means? No.

00:49:48.425 --> 00:49:50.050
We can provide figures.

00:49:50.133 --> 00:49:52.425
No, no! From other sources!

00:49:52.508 --> 00:49:54.717
- Let's not clutter up the debate.
- That is from other sources.

00:49:55.550 --> 00:50:00.050
Maître Rappaport, he's a witness,
not the opposing party.

00:50:00.133 --> 00:50:04.800
Occasionally, through twinning
or another form of cooperation,

00:50:04.883 --> 00:50:06.717
it can come about.

00:50:07.258 --> 00:50:11.008
As part of the process
of decentralization,

00:50:11.092 --> 00:50:14.633
we have made a superhuman effort

00:50:14.717 --> 00:50:17.508
to at least ease our suffering.

00:50:19.425 --> 00:50:21.633
And, in these conditions,

00:50:21.717 --> 00:50:26.008
all we can do is take responsibility
for ourselves,

00:50:26.092 --> 00:50:29.633
and break away from this system.

00:50:34.050 --> 00:50:36.675
Have you read Lao-Tse?

00:50:36.758 --> 00:50:38.633
Confucius.

00:50:39.467 --> 00:50:41.258
I haven't read all of it.

00:50:41.342 --> 00:50:44.133
I win a point. He says,

00:50:45.717 --> 00:50:48.758
"He who is excessive is insignificant.

00:50:50.425 --> 00:50:55.592
We would gain in all matters
if we avoid being excessive."

00:50:56.383 --> 00:50:58.300
Listening to you,

00:50:58.383 --> 00:51:00.508
we African nations

00:51:01.883 --> 00:51:07.008
were peaceful states or countries,

00:51:09.342 --> 00:51:11.883
without problems, prosperous...

00:51:11.967 --> 00:51:14.383
Then came the World Bank and the IMF,

00:51:14.467 --> 00:51:16.550
and we became poor

00:51:16.633 --> 00:51:20.842
and we have become poorer
and poorer. Is that right?

00:51:21.758 --> 00:51:26.925
These countries have known
100 years or more of colonization

00:51:27.008 --> 00:51:29.383
and, with colonization over,

00:51:29.467 --> 00:51:33.800
are struggling to ensure the conditions
for their development.

00:51:33.883 --> 00:51:37.467
And what do they find themselves facing?

00:51:37.550 --> 00:51:40.092
An international diktat, institutions

00:51:40.175 --> 00:51:43.550
that more or less regulate
world relations.

00:51:43.633 --> 00:51:49.050
I don't see how you can describe
those countries as you just did.

00:51:49.133 --> 00:51:54.675
I did inform you, professor,
that I'm no expert in this field.

00:51:54.758 --> 00:51:56.633
But you've just said...

00:51:56.717 --> 00:51:58.967
Our countries were characterized

00:51:59.050 --> 00:52:03.842
more or less
like in Aimé Césaire's poem,

00:52:03.925 --> 00:52:07.008
"The Prayer of a Negro Child".

00:52:07.092 --> 00:52:08.633
The very same thing.

00:52:08.717 --> 00:52:10.800
We've known nothing but misfortune,

00:52:10.883 --> 00:52:12.050
from one end to the other.

00:52:12.133 --> 00:52:13.300
And it's getting worse.

00:52:13.383 --> 00:52:16.383
Is it absurd to imagine...

00:52:22.883 --> 00:52:27.092
that this increased poverty

00:52:27.175 --> 00:52:31.258
could have a cause other
than the World Bank and the IMF?

00:52:34.008 --> 00:52:38.258
Well before colonization,
there was a country,

00:52:39.467 --> 00:52:44.342
a wealthy and stable country
where life was good.

00:52:44.425 --> 00:52:48.050
But colonization came along
and set up what?

00:52:48.467 --> 00:52:50.467
It took everything:

00:52:50.550 --> 00:52:53.425
men, riches, everything.

00:53:01.050 --> 00:53:05.675
A leading gold-producing country
where the people are poor.

00:53:06.592 --> 00:53:10.425
As you can see, our women
don't even wear gold jewelry.

00:53:12.508 --> 00:53:17.300
According to you, can we imagine
a world without Funds or Banks?

00:53:18.633 --> 00:53:20.050
Absolutely.

00:53:20.342 --> 00:53:21.883
- Yes?
- Yes.

00:53:23.883 --> 00:53:26.758
When someone dies in Africa,

00:53:27.925 --> 00:53:30.383
at that person's funeral,

00:53:31.342 --> 00:53:34.467
one of the questions asked
about this person

00:53:35.217 --> 00:53:38.342
is whether he owes money

00:53:38.925 --> 00:53:42.383
or if there is anyone
in his local community

00:53:42.467 --> 00:53:44.717
who owes him money.

00:53:45.425 --> 00:53:47.842
In Africa, we remind people

00:53:49.425 --> 00:53:51.842
that death is better than shame.

00:53:53.008 --> 00:53:55.133
The African states owe money.

00:53:56.592 --> 00:54:00.842
Is it normal that these people
should claim their due

00:54:01.842 --> 00:54:04.133
and that you, as an expert,

00:54:04.217 --> 00:54:08.383
should advise these Africans
not to pay off their debt?

00:54:12.258 --> 00:54:13.675
Chaka...

00:54:13.758 --> 00:54:15.383
What are you reading?

00:54:22.800 --> 00:54:24.050
Falaï...

00:54:25.842 --> 00:54:28.050
Is there an Israeli embassy here?

00:54:28.592 --> 00:54:30.092
No.

00:54:30.175 --> 00:54:31.967
Do you think there will be one
one day?

00:54:32.508 --> 00:54:34.967
Yes, that's possible.

00:54:36.217 --> 00:54:38.675
The guard there will be me.

00:55:00.425 --> 00:55:03.467
You're going to choke.

00:55:07.967 --> 00:55:09.633
I'm sorry.

00:55:16.425 --> 00:55:18.758
The question we are asking now

00:55:18.842 --> 00:55:21.133
after around 45 years of cooperation,

00:55:21.217 --> 00:55:24.717
with these states and institutions,

00:55:24.800 --> 00:55:27.008
is where are we exactly?

00:55:28.383 --> 00:55:31.092
And we've had to wait
45 years to realize

00:55:31.175 --> 00:55:36.175
that, despite having everything needed
to achieve it,

00:55:36.258 --> 00:55:41.633
the economy has not only never
taken off or developed over time

00:55:41.717 --> 00:55:44.925
but that we're bogged down
in anti-development.

00:55:45.633 --> 00:55:50.008
Malnutrition, undernourishment,

00:55:51.217 --> 00:55:54.842
chronic illiteracy, chronic unemployment

00:55:54.925 --> 00:55:58.550
and even the total lack
of decent living conditions.

00:55:59.133 --> 00:56:02.008
As we can see, this is ubiquitous.

00:56:03.675 --> 00:56:06.050
Sometimes it's impossible
to even describe.

00:56:10.175 --> 00:56:11.800
What does this lead to?

00:56:12.300 --> 00:56:15.383
The total degeneration
of the foundations

00:56:16.508 --> 00:56:20.217
that represented
our society's key values.

00:56:20.300 --> 00:56:22.883
To that, we need to add

00:56:22.967 --> 00:56:25.717
this flood of information we receive
from them

00:56:25.800 --> 00:56:28.258
while they never receive any from us.

00:56:28.342 --> 00:56:32.300
At times, it cancels out all our efforts

00:56:32.383 --> 00:56:34.258
to try to live as we really are.

00:56:34.800 --> 00:56:38.508
Because even within
our imaginations, we are raped.

00:56:39.383 --> 00:56:43.592
They don't just take
our resources, our work,

00:56:43.675 --> 00:56:47.883
and our money, they take our minds too.

00:56:50.175 --> 00:56:54.425
We have reached the last threshold
of the human heartbeat.

00:57:00.883 --> 00:57:04.258
And now, in a totally biased manner,

00:57:04.342 --> 00:57:07.342
they come to observe this failure.

00:57:07.425 --> 00:57:10.050
And, on observing it, they say, "No.

00:57:10.133 --> 00:57:14.217
You must maintain neo-liberalism

00:57:14.300 --> 00:57:17.258
as the development mode
for your countries."

00:57:17.342 --> 00:57:21.758
In other words, prevent us
from creating a payments deficit.

00:57:21.842 --> 00:57:24.758
That presupposes that all the money
we receive must be used

00:57:24.842 --> 00:57:30.008
to restore and maintain
our solvency in relation

00:57:30.092 --> 00:57:32.092
to our creditors

00:57:32.175 --> 00:57:35.342
and cannot be used
within the national economy.

00:57:35.425 --> 00:57:41.092
Today, we pay out much more
than the true total of our budgets.

00:57:45.258 --> 00:57:50.425
This framework of action
set up by the World Bank,

00:57:50.508 --> 00:57:51.967
what effect will it have?

00:57:52.050 --> 00:57:54.217
It will smother a fire

00:57:54.300 --> 00:57:56.758
that will continue to smolder.

00:57:57.383 --> 00:58:00.925
The fire, simply put,
of imposed destitution.

00:58:01.008 --> 00:58:05.800
It's the fire of a terrible form
of colonialism.

00:58:06.467 --> 00:58:10.967
It's the fire of a form
of exploitation we lack the words for.

00:58:11.925 --> 00:58:14.800
It means some countries will disappear.

00:58:14.883 --> 00:58:19.383
We are barely kept
in this international system

00:58:19.467 --> 00:58:23.008
and take part in it just because we are

00:58:23.092 --> 00:58:26.633
good little markets
and a source of money.

00:58:28.842 --> 00:58:31.633
Today, we give everything
to North America

00:58:31.717 --> 00:58:34.258
and we give everything to Europe!

00:58:40.925 --> 00:58:44.050
And through the rape of our imagination

00:58:44.133 --> 00:58:47.550
and of the little space
that I could call my own,

00:58:47.633 --> 00:58:50.592
they come to tell me
that the negro is lazy.

00:58:52.967 --> 00:58:57.717
He cannot develop independently.

00:59:00.883 --> 00:59:06.758
But this negro that you are
crushing to death

00:59:06.967 --> 00:59:09.258
with your economic
and financial machinery

00:59:09.342 --> 00:59:13.092
laid the foundations of your economy.

00:59:13.175 --> 00:59:16.383
And this negro has ensured
your development.

00:59:29.008 --> 00:59:31.967
Today, in Mali or other countries,

00:59:32.050 --> 00:59:35.133
if you fall ill and you have no money,

00:59:37.425 --> 00:59:39.342
you're dead.

00:59:49.967 --> 00:59:53.592
Everything here purporting
to be democracy or elections

00:59:53.675 --> 00:59:56.842
is nothing but a show, a big show.

00:59:56.925 --> 01:00:00.175
We occasionally go to vote

01:00:00.258 --> 01:00:02.342
but it's as if we were never there.

01:00:06.508 --> 01:00:12.592
This external legitimacy of power
remains in place today,

01:00:13.592 --> 01:00:16.050
many intellectuals have accepted it,
for whatever reason.

01:00:16.133 --> 01:00:18.008
I don't judge anyone.

01:00:19.092 --> 01:00:22.300
But each one of us
had a moment of clarity

01:00:22.383 --> 01:00:24.967
and then made a deliberate choice.

01:00:28.467 --> 01:00:32.425
Either I fully support
the true ideals of my people

01:00:32.508 --> 01:00:34.758
or I sell them off,

01:00:35.550 --> 01:00:37.633
as many of our governments do.

01:00:37.717 --> 01:00:40.467
That's their share
of responsibility in this.

01:00:44.050 --> 01:00:47.050
I think I should have stayed there.

01:00:47.133 --> 01:00:49.467
Perhaps it was better for me

01:00:49.550 --> 01:00:53.758
than coming to work for a corrupt
and rotten Mali administration

01:00:53.842 --> 01:00:56.258
that has no responsibilities.

01:00:56.342 --> 01:00:59.133
We end up asking ourselves,

01:00:59.925 --> 01:01:05.925
"Why do we receive a salary
for a job we don't do?"

01:01:07.633 --> 01:01:10.467
All of a sudden, we backslide

01:01:10.550 --> 01:01:13.092
in relation to goals that we had

01:01:13.175 --> 01:01:15.925
or that we were attaining before.

01:01:16.008 --> 01:01:18.092
They've taken everything from us.

01:01:21.550 --> 01:01:26.592
I didn't realize that poverty,
albeit imposed poverty,

01:01:26.675 --> 01:01:29.092
could change human nature
to this extent.

01:01:29.717 --> 01:01:32.550
But today, Your Honor,

01:01:32.633 --> 01:01:36.883
I may be allowed to assert
that when I step out into the street,

01:01:36.967 --> 01:01:39.925
believe me, I don't meet other Malians.

01:01:40.883 --> 01:01:43.550
I see everything in Mali but Malians.

01:01:45.842 --> 01:01:49.050
A man who is hungry,
a man without health care,

01:01:49.133 --> 01:01:54.217
a man who is never educated
and left in total darkness

01:01:54.300 --> 01:01:57.925
is a man who will negate himself
and be in denial.

01:01:59.300 --> 01:02:03.342
He's a man who will become
alienated, lost and depraved.

01:05:34.342 --> 01:05:35.883
You can't come in.

01:06:16.675 --> 01:06:19.133
The witness Samba Diakité.

01:06:33.217 --> 01:06:34.883
Your full name, please.

01:06:34.967 --> 01:06:40.342
Samba Diakité, born in Dakar, 1953.

01:06:41.383 --> 01:06:43.342
Hamdallaye district.

01:06:45.175 --> 01:06:46.925
Your profession?

01:06:50.008 --> 01:06:51.925
Former schoolteacher.

01:06:53.175 --> 01:06:55.300
Former schoolteacher.

01:07:13.467 --> 01:07:15.383
You have nothing to say?

01:08:18.800 --> 01:08:20.925
Your date and place of birth.

01:08:21.008 --> 01:08:23.883
I was born in Bamako. I'm 52.

01:08:23.967 --> 01:08:27.508
Do you know who summoned you
as a witness?

01:08:27.592 --> 01:08:29.092
Yes, the plaintiff.

01:08:29.175 --> 01:08:32.633
Yes, the plaintiff. African society.

01:08:32.717 --> 01:08:37.258
Opposite, we have international
financial institutions.

01:08:37.342 --> 01:08:41.217
Are you related or subordinate
in any way

01:08:41.300 --> 01:08:43.133
to either of the two parties?

01:08:43.217 --> 01:08:44.383
In no way at all.

01:08:44.467 --> 01:08:46.133
Raise your right hand.

01:08:46.217 --> 01:08:49.425
Swear to tell nothing but the truth.

01:08:49.508 --> 01:08:51.550
Raise your hand and swear.

01:08:51.633 --> 01:08:53.300
I swear.

01:08:54.675 --> 01:08:56.967
- Samba Diakité...
- Yes?

01:08:57.050 --> 01:08:58.258
Come here.

01:09:05.633 --> 01:09:08.758
- Pleased to meet you.
- Likewise.

01:09:16.175 --> 01:09:18.967
But trees are vital for life.

01:09:19.592 --> 01:09:24.050
That's true, but to run a company,
you don't need trees.

01:09:24.133 --> 01:09:26.550
Fine... All right.

01:09:28.800 --> 01:09:31.675
When the gun vanished, were you here?

01:09:31.758 --> 01:09:33.300
I was here.

01:09:34.342 --> 01:09:36.050
You didn't move?

01:09:36.550 --> 01:09:38.383
I didn't move.

01:09:40.425 --> 01:09:44.050
But I was told you went out for a while.

01:09:45.425 --> 01:09:47.467
I went to get a spare part
from Japan Casse.

01:09:49.425 --> 01:09:51.550
Did you find the part?

01:09:52.758 --> 01:09:54.550
I didn't find it.

01:09:58.883 --> 01:10:01.133
Come to my office tomorrow.

01:10:11.008 --> 01:10:12.800
When you add it all up...

01:10:14.842 --> 01:10:17.008
The money squandered...

01:10:19.842 --> 01:10:22.383
The public holdings sold off...

01:10:24.258 --> 01:10:27.008
The ruined families...

01:10:28.925 --> 01:10:32.008
What is your
feeling about all that today?

01:10:35.467 --> 01:10:38.175
A feeling of shame,

01:10:38.675 --> 01:10:40.883
of anger...

01:10:42.550 --> 01:10:46.342
of anger and compassion.
Compassion for the country.

01:10:51.008 --> 01:10:55.008
You see villages
that lived off the railway

01:10:55.758 --> 01:10:58.300
and that are now obliged,

01:10:58.383 --> 01:11:00.925
after 100 years of existence,

01:11:01.008 --> 01:11:04.717
to move somewhere else

01:11:04.800 --> 01:11:07.550
because the train
no longer stops there.

01:11:07.842 --> 01:11:12.758
Life came to those villages
because of the railway.

01:11:12.842 --> 01:11:15.758
When those villages are obliged to move,

01:11:15.842 --> 01:11:18.008
when their inhabitants,

01:11:18.092 --> 01:11:21.592
in order to buy food,
have to travel by donkey,

01:11:21.675 --> 01:11:23.800
by cart or on foot,

01:11:24.508 --> 01:11:29.550
and when the young people
who grow vegetables can't sell them

01:11:29.633 --> 01:11:33.550
because they used to sell
to the train's passengers,

01:11:34.133 --> 01:11:37.633
you witness the start of an exodus.

01:11:37.717 --> 01:11:40.550
And when they are turned back,

01:11:40.633 --> 01:11:43.050
it's a desolate situation.

01:11:47.758 --> 01:11:52.425
And when you wrote on November 4, 2002,

01:11:52.508 --> 01:11:54.675
to the Ministry of Transport,

01:11:55.425 --> 01:11:57.842
you made a serious accusation.

01:11:57.925 --> 01:12:01.300
In reference to the railway, you wrote,

01:12:01.383 --> 01:12:03.842
"It's the victim of a conspiracy."

01:12:03.925 --> 01:12:05.967
This accusation of conspiracy,

01:12:06.425 --> 01:12:09.425
I presume you have proof of it?

01:12:10.800 --> 01:12:15.175
What specfic evidence do you have
to back up this serious accusation

01:12:15.258 --> 01:12:17.467
of conspiracy against the...

01:12:18.717 --> 01:12:19.800
Be quiet!

01:12:19.883 --> 01:12:22.092
Maître Rappaport, I have to...

01:12:22.175 --> 01:12:24.175
Don't oblige me to...

01:12:25.383 --> 01:12:28.342
The witness never spoke of a conspiracy!

01:12:28.425 --> 01:12:30.717
The witness spoke of a conspiracy.

01:12:34.133 --> 01:12:36.758
Let's refer to the statement...

01:12:37.217 --> 01:12:39.842
I did indeed speak of a conspiracy.

01:12:39.925 --> 01:12:45.342
In fact, a letter was received,

01:12:45.425 --> 01:12:47.717
addressed to the authorities,

01:12:47.800 --> 01:12:52.217
saying that if we refused to privatize
the transport system,

01:12:53.008 --> 01:12:55.842
the World Bank would withdraw subsidies

01:12:55.925 --> 01:12:58.925
for health and education in Mali.

01:12:59.050 --> 01:13:00.800
It was a confidential letter.

01:13:00.883 --> 01:13:06.925
You can't just come before a court
and say, "there's a conspiracy."

01:13:07.008 --> 01:13:08.217
How do you know?

01:13:08.300 --> 01:13:09.883
"I saw a letter."

01:13:09.967 --> 01:13:12.758
Where's the proof of this conspiracy?

01:13:12.842 --> 01:13:17.008
For example, is the World Bank to blame

01:13:17.092 --> 01:13:19.467
when a manager buys ballpoint pens

01:13:19.550 --> 01:13:23.550
and pays 1,500 CFA francs
when he can get them for 500?

01:13:23.633 --> 01:13:28.383
Do we truly believe the World Bank
steps in at that level?

01:13:28.467 --> 01:13:32.258
Does the World Bank make
the manager plant trees...

01:13:32.342 --> 01:13:34.550
- Maître.
- I'm just finishing...

01:13:34.633 --> 01:13:39.592
Are you asking questions
or laying out your case?

01:13:40.800 --> 01:13:42.008
Your Honor, the other side...

01:13:42.092 --> 01:13:43.592
You can plead your case later.

01:13:43.675 --> 01:13:45.883
The other side
pretends to ask questions,

01:13:45.967 --> 01:13:48.092
develops lines of argument...

01:13:48.175 --> 01:13:52.008
We're being very low-key,
we hardly make any objections.

01:13:52.092 --> 01:13:55.050
We nonetheless have the right to say

01:13:55.133 --> 01:13:59.008
that the serious accusations
brought before you

01:13:59.092 --> 01:14:01.717
must be backed up by evidence.

01:14:01.800 --> 01:14:05.925
Those who were responsible
are under attack.

01:14:06.008 --> 01:14:09.758
Your Honor, you asked questions earlier

01:14:09.842 --> 01:14:14.467
that show you have a few ideas
and some information

01:14:14.550 --> 01:14:18.300
about the reasons
for the railway's collapse.

01:14:18.508 --> 01:14:22.633
Maître Bourdon, please.

01:14:27.008 --> 01:14:29.800
I'm not seeking your approval,

01:14:29.883 --> 01:14:33.133
I'm trying to draw your attention
to some simple points.

01:14:33.425 --> 01:14:36.925
Why would the World Bank want Mali

01:14:37.008 --> 01:14:39.092
to be deprived
of a means of communication

01:14:39.175 --> 01:14:43.883
and why would it want her inhabitants
to be unable to travel?

01:14:54.675 --> 01:14:56.383
A country

01:14:57.425 --> 01:15:00.175
without a means of communication,

01:15:00.258 --> 01:15:04.425
without energy, without transport,

01:15:04.508 --> 01:15:07.425
cannot really be called
a sovereign nation.

01:15:09.300 --> 01:15:11.925
And those are precisely the areas

01:15:12.008 --> 01:15:15.883
that the multinational companies
wish to take from us.

01:15:16.842 --> 01:15:20.383
That's the case and we must
not let it happen.

01:15:20.467 --> 01:15:25.592
It's hard... but I'm more
optimistic than Hell.

01:15:26.050 --> 01:15:27.800
I know we can do it.

01:15:27.883 --> 01:15:30.008
We just need to get organized.

01:15:32.550 --> 01:15:33.842
Fodé!

01:15:33.925 --> 01:15:35.258
Turn it off.

01:15:37.050 --> 01:15:39.342
Your Honor, concerning this witness,

01:15:40.425 --> 01:15:44.550
- and her testimony--
- What relation does this have--

01:15:58.550 --> 01:16:00.133
- Jean-Paul...
- Yes?

01:16:01.550 --> 01:16:04.592
I have a dream every night
that bothers me.

01:16:05.717 --> 01:16:07.300
What's your dream?

01:16:09.217 --> 01:16:11.342
Jean-Paul, I dream...

01:16:11.842 --> 01:16:14.300
I'm in the darkness... the light...

01:16:14.383 --> 01:16:17.008
In any case, I'm not at home.

01:16:18.050 --> 01:16:20.050
In this dream,

01:16:20.133 --> 01:16:22.258
I'm sitting down, and in front of me,

01:16:22.508 --> 01:16:25.133
there's a big bag.

01:16:25.633 --> 01:16:29.217
It's full of the heads
of heads of state.

01:16:32.050 --> 01:16:34.217
Each time I dip my hand into it,

01:16:34.425 --> 01:16:36.842
I pull the same head out.

01:16:39.717 --> 01:16:43.508
And when I put it back,

01:16:44.175 --> 01:16:46.633
my dream ends and I wake up.

01:16:48.800 --> 01:16:51.425
Is it a black head or not?

01:16:53.175 --> 01:16:55.008
I don't know if it's black or white.

01:16:55.092 --> 01:16:58.925
In any case, it's the same head.

01:17:04.675 --> 01:17:07.467
Don't tell anyone else about this dream.

01:17:12.675 --> 01:17:14.842
Don't talk about it again.

01:17:17.550 --> 01:17:18.925
That's not how it works legally.

01:17:19.008 --> 01:17:21.967
Maître Bourdon is giving you lessons
in procedure!

01:17:24.800 --> 01:17:26.842
It's a debate, not a lesson.

01:17:27.967 --> 01:17:32.508
The witness, after taking the oath
to tell the truth,

01:17:33.133 --> 01:17:36.175
says that she happened to fortuitously

01:17:36.258 --> 01:17:39.133
come across a letter clearly
not addressed to her,

01:17:39.217 --> 01:17:41.675
that she should never have seen,

01:17:41.758 --> 01:17:44.050
and so read the said letter.

01:17:44.133 --> 01:17:46.383
It's incredibly cynical,

01:17:46.467 --> 01:17:50.175
yet typical of the bank's
general cynicism,

01:17:50.258 --> 01:17:54.508
to say, "Madame, you must be joking.

01:17:54.592 --> 01:17:56.967
That letter can't have existed.

01:17:57.050 --> 01:18:00.425
And if you had it,
you should have copied it

01:18:00.508 --> 01:18:02.133
and sent it to the Malian press."

01:18:02.217 --> 01:18:03.967
But she would have risked

01:18:04.050 --> 01:18:07.883
years and years of imprisonment,
as you well know.

01:18:07.967 --> 01:18:10.175
- It's a risk...
- A huge risk!

01:18:10.258 --> 01:18:12.925
She cannot play Antigone for eternity.

01:18:13.008 --> 01:18:18.092
For the moment, nothing challenges
the credibility of this testimony,

01:18:18.175 --> 01:18:19.842
however embarrassing it is
to the defendant.

01:18:19.925 --> 01:18:22.425
Maître Bourdon, the law says each party

01:18:22.508 --> 01:18:26.425
must provide evidence of its claims.

01:19:19.425 --> 01:19:23.758
So why are you looking here
and not over there?

01:19:29.800 --> 01:19:32.883
Because it's too dark over there.

01:19:36.467 --> 01:19:38.592
You can't see anything.

01:21:04.883 --> 01:21:06.550
The other day,

01:21:06.633 --> 01:21:10.508
you were saying
that the worst after-effect

01:21:10.592 --> 01:21:12.550
of structural adjustment

01:21:12.633 --> 01:21:15.925
was the destruction
of the social fabric.

01:21:16.675 --> 01:21:18.925
That whole part has been erased.

01:21:19.008 --> 01:21:21.258
Can you start again?

01:21:22.883 --> 01:21:24.675
How did that happen?

01:21:25.925 --> 01:21:28.758
I must have recorded the trial over it.

01:21:28.842 --> 01:21:32.050
Too many cassettes. I get confused.

01:21:40.800 --> 01:21:43.092
No one will listen.

01:21:46.175 --> 01:21:48.133
Don't waste your time.

01:22:17.800 --> 01:22:21.758
I don't know if we must share that honor

01:22:21.842 --> 01:22:23.425
but, in any case,

01:22:23.508 --> 01:22:27.717
it's a great responsibility for us.

01:22:27.800 --> 01:22:30.800
We know that the audience,

01:22:30.883 --> 01:22:32.883
as is only natural,

01:22:32.967 --> 01:22:36.592
all of the oppressed
and marginalized who are here

01:22:36.675 --> 01:22:39.050
who have described their suffering,

01:22:39.133 --> 01:22:41.842
wholly support the plaintiff.

01:22:41.925 --> 01:22:45.800
And we have clearly perceived
that the court's feelings

01:22:45.883 --> 01:22:49.467
are not that far removed
from those of the plaintiff.

01:22:50.133 --> 01:22:52.800
And so it's a great responsibility.

01:22:54.592 --> 01:22:57.967
You claim that
the international institutions,

01:22:58.050 --> 01:23:03.092
the World Bank, the IMF
and others you have named,

01:23:03.175 --> 01:23:05.717
are deaf and blind.

01:23:06.550 --> 01:23:08.008
Deaf and blind

01:23:08.092 --> 01:23:11.883
and, if we follow
the reasoning and arguments

01:23:11.967 --> 01:23:14.133
that I have heard here,

01:23:14.217 --> 01:23:15.342
murderers too.

01:23:15.842 --> 01:23:19.467
Murderers even with premeditation,

01:23:20.300 --> 01:23:25.967
given the nature of the incidents
with which we are reproached,

01:23:26.050 --> 01:23:29.050
that we roundly and vigorously deplore.

01:23:29.383 --> 01:23:33.175
Infant mortality
is on the rise in Africa.

01:23:34.008 --> 01:23:37.592
This is an attack on those
who will come after us.

01:23:38.133 --> 01:23:39.842
Do you believe,

01:23:40.925 --> 01:23:43.717
that for international institutions,

01:23:43.800 --> 01:23:47.175
those are the results that we seek?

01:23:47.258 --> 01:23:50.342
Do we really want

01:23:50.425 --> 01:23:54.800
life expectancy in regions of Africa

01:23:54.883 --> 01:23:59.050
to drop and fall below
the age of 50 years?

01:23:59.300 --> 01:24:01.842
Africans have died
of dysentery and malaria

01:24:01.925 --> 01:24:03.967
for as long as anyone remembers

01:24:04.050 --> 01:24:06.300
and we were not responsible.

01:24:06.383 --> 01:24:08.050
And they continue to die of such things,

01:24:08.133 --> 01:24:11.217
and someone said
the medicine is in the North

01:24:11.300 --> 01:24:13.050
and the sick are in the South.

01:24:13.133 --> 01:24:16.425
Even if we were guided
by pure self-interest,

01:24:16.508 --> 01:24:21.050
we could not
possibly seek such outcomes.

01:24:21.133 --> 01:24:25.092
But that is how things are.
We know it and we know why

01:24:25.175 --> 01:24:27.508
because we have worked

01:24:27.592 --> 01:24:31.008
in partnership with governments

01:24:31.092 --> 01:24:34.383
to assess the situation and to decide

01:24:34.467 --> 01:24:36.217
what needs to be done now.

01:24:36.425 --> 01:24:39.717
All the same, we need to raise an issue

01:24:40.467 --> 01:24:42.925
that not only concerns Africa

01:24:43.008 --> 01:24:47.133
but that is particularly detrimental
to Africa.

01:24:47.217 --> 01:24:50.342
I am talking about corruption.

01:24:50.633 --> 01:24:53.675
"Corruption isn't a natural disaster,

01:24:53.758 --> 01:24:57.008
it is cold and calculated pillaging."

01:24:57.258 --> 01:24:59.758
Far be it from me to claim

01:24:59.842 --> 01:25:03.342
that corruption is rife
solely in Africa.

01:25:03.633 --> 01:25:08.217
We know full well that in the West,
large companies,

01:25:08.300 --> 01:25:10.675
Total and oil,

01:25:10.758 --> 01:25:13.425
Thales and arms policy,

01:25:13.508 --> 01:25:16.800
are caught up
in the cycle of corruption.

01:25:16.883 --> 01:25:20.717
But allow me to say
that there is a difference.

01:25:20.800 --> 01:25:21.925
What is it?

01:25:22.008 --> 01:25:24.758
Corruption in Africa,

01:25:24.842 --> 01:25:28.967
given the state
of economic development...

01:25:29.050 --> 01:25:32.842
In the West we must fight corruption
and defeat it

01:25:32.925 --> 01:25:37.758
but its impact on economic development
is less severe than in Africa.

01:25:38.550 --> 01:25:40.925
This trial's becoming annoying.

01:25:44.633 --> 01:25:46.883
When's it going to end?

01:25:48.342 --> 01:25:50.467
No one can say.

01:25:55.383 --> 01:25:58.175
And now the polar icecaps are melting.

01:25:58.258 --> 01:26:02.258
And flow into the oceans.

01:26:02.342 --> 01:26:05.675
What will remain of the icecap
in a few decades?

01:26:05.758 --> 01:26:10.342
People have trouble breathing
in some of our big cities.

01:26:10.425 --> 01:26:13.925
Aren't those common interests

01:26:14.008 --> 01:26:15.675
to be managed together?

01:26:15.758 --> 01:26:20.842
We cannot avoid
dealing with these issues.

01:26:20.925 --> 01:26:22.967
At the same time,

01:26:23.050 --> 01:26:26.508
we are witnessing the proliferation
of weapons.

01:26:26.592 --> 01:26:30.092
What will become of us if, one day,

01:26:30.175 --> 01:26:31.967
a potentate somewhere

01:26:32.050 --> 01:26:36.258
gains access to the atom bomb?
Is that truly impossible?

01:26:36.342 --> 01:26:39.342
And there's another danger.

01:26:39.425 --> 01:26:41.133
We've all referred to it.

01:26:41.217 --> 01:26:44.800
It crosses all continents
and has struck them all.

01:26:44.883 --> 01:26:49.258
One of the elements feeding it
is poverty.

01:26:49.342 --> 01:26:54.092
Terrorism is a danger not only
for Africa but for all of us.

01:26:54.175 --> 01:26:55.675
We want to fight it.

01:26:55.758 --> 01:26:59.092
And the fight against terrorism
cannot succeed

01:26:59.175 --> 01:27:01.592
without the defeat of poverty

01:27:01.675 --> 01:27:04.550
and without giving hope

01:27:04.633 --> 01:27:06.925
to the many who have lost it.

01:27:09.258 --> 01:27:12.050
Thank you, Maître Rappaport.

01:27:12.133 --> 01:27:17.508
But, before going on,
I would like to ask you

01:27:17.592 --> 01:27:20.633
if you consider this court biased?

01:27:22.008 --> 01:27:25.883
Your words seemed to indicate...

01:27:25.967 --> 01:27:28.592
Your Honor, before you are magistrates,

01:27:28.675 --> 01:27:30.467
you are men and women

01:27:30.550 --> 01:27:33.592
and you are clearly sensitive

01:27:33.675 --> 01:27:37.008
in particular to the suffering
of your people

01:27:37.092 --> 01:27:40.050
the reasons for which
you are clearly aware.

01:27:40.133 --> 01:27:44.133
And when you see them here
expressing themselves before you,

01:27:44.217 --> 01:27:49.050
your heart suffers
and your thoughts are with them

01:27:49.133 --> 01:27:50.425
rather than with us.

01:27:50.508 --> 01:27:55.133
I do not consider that
to be an abnormal bias.

01:27:59.467 --> 01:28:01.717
Are you Chaka's wife?

01:28:01.800 --> 01:28:02.967
Why?

01:28:03.717 --> 01:28:06.717
I just have a few questions to ask you.

01:28:07.133 --> 01:28:09.633
If it's about the gun,
I don't know anything.

01:31:48.508 --> 01:31:52.883
It is clearly a great Honor
to defend African society.

01:31:52.967 --> 01:31:55.925
It is a great honor to defend

01:31:56.008 --> 01:31:59.717
millions of women and men of honor

01:32:00.550 --> 01:32:04.300
who have been represented superbly
over the last few days

01:32:04.383 --> 01:32:08.717
and who have come to say
that the world, since its creation,

01:32:09.425 --> 01:32:11.800
has always made sure

01:32:11.883 --> 01:32:15.175
that the part of the world
that suffers and endures

01:32:15.758 --> 01:32:18.175
is kept quiet and remains quiet.

01:32:20.342 --> 01:32:23.883
For Africa to remain silent
in her suffering,

01:32:24.800 --> 01:32:27.217
that requires watchdogs.

01:32:27.300 --> 01:32:29.425
It requires prison guards at times.

01:32:30.133 --> 01:32:33.717
Watchdogs, in other words
the American empire

01:32:33.800 --> 01:32:36.550
and its accomplices
in Europe and elsewhere.

01:32:36.925 --> 01:32:40.925
It requires Dr. Diafoiruses,
Dr. Strangeloves

01:32:41.008 --> 01:32:44.925
who draw up prescriptions
that Africans "cannot read"

01:32:45.008 --> 01:32:47.092
and "never follow".

01:32:47.175 --> 01:32:50.550
Prescriptions of so-called magic potions

01:32:50.633 --> 01:32:55.133
that soon turn out to be poisons
with a remarkable effect,

01:32:55.217 --> 01:32:58.508
Chinese poisons... And maybe tomorrow
the Chinese will start as well

01:32:58.592 --> 01:33:00.342
and the misfortune will be complete.

01:33:02.300 --> 01:33:08.633
As a result, I believe the court can
easily declare the World Bank guilty,

01:33:08.717 --> 01:33:11.925
along with its accomplices.

01:33:12.008 --> 01:33:15.258
After all, the situation is terrifying.

01:33:16.467 --> 01:33:20.467
The figures are murderous
and the statistics homicidal!

01:33:21.800 --> 01:33:26.133
We simply need to look back
at the last 20 years

01:33:26.217 --> 01:33:27.842
of "structural adjustment."

01:33:27.925 --> 01:33:32.967
These plans have caused
destruction and impoverishment.

01:33:34.217 --> 01:33:37.675
The figures provide eloquent information

01:33:37.758 --> 01:33:40.175
about the tragedy taking place.

01:33:40.258 --> 01:33:43.633
Life expectancy has dropped
to the age of 46.

01:33:43.717 --> 01:33:47.842
The AIDS crisis is cynically manipulated
to conceal how mortality rates

01:33:47.925 --> 01:33:52.092
are on the rise because of their link

01:33:52.175 --> 01:33:55.717
to the important and significant fall

01:33:55.800 --> 01:33:58.258
in average income in Africa.

01:33:58.342 --> 01:34:00.050
Well, the party's over.

01:34:00.133 --> 01:34:03.383
The party's over and the structural
adjustment plans

01:34:03.467 --> 01:34:05.508
have failed wholesale.

01:34:06.383 --> 01:34:09.425
50 million African children

01:34:09.508 --> 01:34:12.467
are scheduled to die
over the next five years.

01:34:13.258 --> 01:34:17.550
Three million are scheduled to die
of malaria next year.

01:34:17.633 --> 01:34:21.842
And it will be said,
in the face of such tragic numbers,

01:34:21.925 --> 01:34:25.300
that the World Bank and the others
have won.

01:34:26.425 --> 01:34:29.758
We cannot say it and we won't say it.

01:34:29.842 --> 01:34:33.842
We shall avoid saying it
because structural adjustment

01:34:33.925 --> 01:34:37.342
has clearly placed Africa
in a vicious cycle,

01:34:37.425 --> 01:34:39.133
but also an absurd cycle

01:34:39.217 --> 01:34:43.675
that begins, as the court has clearly
seen, with debt!

01:34:44.300 --> 01:34:46.967
Debt is a stone around Africa's neck,

01:34:47.050 --> 01:34:50.675
the slave's sign of allegiance
to his master.

01:34:50.758 --> 01:34:53.008
The figures speak for themselves.

01:34:53.092 --> 01:34:56.717
$220 billion in 2003.

01:34:56.800 --> 01:35:01.133
The latest statistics have shown,

01:35:01.217 --> 01:35:02.425
Your Honors,

01:35:02.508 --> 01:35:05.800
even though $4 has been paid back
per African,

01:35:05.883 --> 01:35:08.508
$4 remains to be paid.

01:35:08.592 --> 01:35:11.092
It is clear that this debt

01:35:12.008 --> 01:35:14.300
has brought Africa to her knees

01:35:14.383 --> 01:35:17.675
by depriving her
of her financial sovereignty.

01:35:17.758 --> 01:35:20.925
It has brought her to her knees
by dismantling her civil service.

01:35:21.758 --> 01:35:22.883
It has brought her to her knees

01:35:22.967 --> 01:35:25.217
by forcing her
to sell her public services

01:35:25.300 --> 01:35:27.800
to serve financial predators.

01:35:27.883 --> 01:35:29.758
It brought Africa to its knees

01:35:29.842 --> 01:35:32.717
by razing many of her public
hospitals to the ground.

01:35:32.800 --> 01:35:36.842
It has brought Africa to her knees
by privatizing her school system

01:35:36.925 --> 01:35:40.842
through the low wages
paid to the civil servants who run them.

01:35:41.175 --> 01:35:42.717
It has brought Africa to her knees,

01:35:42.800 --> 01:35:45.258
and in so doing made her
the sad representative

01:35:45.342 --> 01:35:48.842
of the privatized world to come.

01:35:48.925 --> 01:35:51.800
And in this world,
privatizing before our eyes,

01:35:51.883 --> 01:35:54.175
the World Bank,
in theory the Bank of Humanity,

01:35:54.258 --> 01:35:56.217
has become the Bank of Inhumanity.

01:35:56.758 --> 01:35:58.967
This World Bank...

01:35:59.050 --> 01:36:00.967
No applause please.

01:36:01.050 --> 01:36:04.717
...has become the Trojan horse
of financial capitalism.

01:36:04.800 --> 01:36:07.967
Of course, it will be said

01:36:09.383 --> 01:36:11.425
that corruption

01:36:11.508 --> 01:36:14.717
is shared by the Africans
and the Europeans.

01:36:15.175 --> 01:36:17.800
But does the defense dare to assert

01:36:17.883 --> 01:36:20.008
that Africans invented corruption?

01:36:20.092 --> 01:36:23.383
Is there a chromosome
of corruption in Africa?

01:36:23.467 --> 01:36:25.258
Are we going to forget
that the corruptors

01:36:25.342 --> 01:36:28.717
come from rich countries,
never from poor ones?

01:36:29.050 --> 01:36:32.967
Yet the G8 and the World Bank,
after bringing Africa to her knees,

01:36:33.050 --> 01:36:36.383
are now pointing to Africa

01:36:36.592 --> 01:36:39.300
threatening to suspend all aid to it,

01:36:39.383 --> 01:36:41.467
because it has suddenly become
the epitome of corruption?

01:36:41.717 --> 01:36:45.425
The circle is complete, confusing
causes and consequences.

01:36:45.508 --> 01:36:47.758
The murderousness is compounded

01:36:47.842 --> 01:36:51.342
by the ugliness
of the World Bank's cynicism.

01:36:51.425 --> 01:36:54.467
We will not claim, Your Honors,

01:36:54.550 --> 01:36:57.050
that the World Bank,
like the god Moloch,

01:36:57.133 --> 01:36:58.383
feeds on African children

01:36:58.467 --> 01:37:02.508
or hates clean drinking water
and public railways!

01:37:02.925 --> 01:37:07.967
Obviously the World Bank
isn't governed by murderous instincts.

01:37:09.883 --> 01:37:13.550
But the World Bank
is simply the cornerstone,

01:37:13.633 --> 01:37:17.217
the center of gravity of this unbridled
form of capitalism,

01:37:17.300 --> 01:37:21.550
which has been become a finance-driven,
predatory capitalism,

01:37:21.633 --> 01:37:24.175
a capitalism which views the public
good as an afterthought

01:37:24.258 --> 01:37:27.175
in its blind pursuit
of its single-minded goal:

01:37:27.258 --> 01:37:29.550
profits, profits and profits
in perpetuity!

01:37:30.592 --> 01:37:35.800
The World Bank occasionally tries
to appear more humane

01:37:35.883 --> 01:37:37.217
and I shall give you an example

01:37:37.300 --> 01:37:41.133
of one such frankly impressive attempt
by a World Bank official.

01:37:41.508 --> 01:37:45.508
A few days ago in Paris,
crying crocodile tears, one said:

01:37:45.592 --> 01:37:49.300
"Every week, 200,000 sick children
under the age of five

01:37:49.383 --> 01:37:51.550
die in developing countries."

01:37:51.633 --> 01:37:53.300
Paul Wolfowitz said that.

01:37:53.383 --> 01:37:57.383
Paul Wolfowitz, the man behind
the war in Iraq

01:37:57.467 --> 01:38:02.258
that cost more than providing water
to all Africa

01:38:02.342 --> 01:38:05.342
and saving all AIDS victims
with generic drugs.

01:38:05.425 --> 01:38:09.258
He's the man who pretended to weep

01:38:09.342 --> 01:38:12.217
at a symposium in Paris a few weeks ago.

01:38:12.300 --> 01:38:14.717
Let's end this dance
of the hypocrites.

01:38:14.800 --> 01:38:17.717
Let's end this cursed predatory dance.

01:38:17.800 --> 01:38:20.842
Let's consider
the World Bank's arguments.

01:38:20.925 --> 01:38:24.092
There seems to be a curse on Africa.

01:38:26.050 --> 01:38:29.425
Europe holds up a terrifying mirror
of itself reflected on Africa

01:38:29.508 --> 01:38:33.800
that pollutes people's minds
and stifles crucial awareness.

01:38:33.883 --> 01:38:35.883
Is Africa doomed?

01:38:35.967 --> 01:38:39.008
Is poverty as natural
as tropical genocide,

01:38:39.092 --> 01:38:41.300
slavery and neo-colonialism?

01:38:41.633 --> 01:38:46.092
You also find this fatalism
in the idea of an ignorant Africa.

01:38:46.175 --> 01:38:49.175
What did we hear the other day?

01:38:49.258 --> 01:38:51.883
When Madame Souko had the nerve

01:38:51.967 --> 01:38:54.550
to say she could read a balance sheet,
they called her an upstart!

01:38:54.633 --> 01:38:58.800
The Africans know nothing
about the complexities of this world!

01:38:58.883 --> 01:39:01.092
It's too hard for them,
because they know nothing...

01:39:03.717 --> 01:39:05.925
Because they know nothing

01:39:06.008 --> 01:39:10.258
all criticism is considered unfounded.

01:39:10.342 --> 01:39:15.050
Yet we have heard it
bravely expressed here.

01:39:17.300 --> 01:39:18.633
So, yes!

01:39:18.717 --> 01:39:21.217
You will declare the World Bank guilty

01:39:21.300 --> 01:39:23.300
of abusing the trust
of the African people.

01:39:23.383 --> 01:39:27.508
Yes! You'll declare
the World Bank guilty

01:39:27.592 --> 01:39:29.925
of failure to render assistance
to people in danger.

01:39:30.008 --> 01:39:32.217
Yes! You'll declare
the World Bank guilty

01:39:32.300 --> 01:39:37.217
of not respecting its mandate
to serve mankind.

01:39:37.592 --> 01:39:39.425
In doing that,

01:39:40.633 --> 01:39:43.008
you'll open the path to a utopia

01:39:44.383 --> 01:39:46.633
that each one of us has in mind

01:39:46.717 --> 01:39:49.883
and allows us to imagine
a new world beyond the hills.

01:39:50.425 --> 01:39:55.383
This utopia is, in a way,
the African ram

01:39:56.258 --> 01:40:01.300
that comes to tear at
and expose the tissue of lies

01:40:01.383 --> 01:40:03.633
that the state and the free market
cower behind!

01:40:04.342 --> 01:40:09.800
Utopia, tomorrow, to avoid
what is under way in the ghettos

01:40:09.883 --> 01:40:12.008
of Accra, Abidjan and Cairo

01:40:12.092 --> 01:40:14.758
where children drunk on deprivation

01:40:14.842 --> 01:40:17.217
turn into tomorrow's firestorm.

01:40:21.092 --> 01:40:23.967
You'll declare the World Bank guilty

01:40:24.050 --> 01:40:26.883
and force it to become
more humane again.

01:40:26.967 --> 01:40:30.342
You'll declare it guilty of the crimes

01:40:30.425 --> 01:40:33.633
of inhumanity and cynicism
committed over 20 years.

01:40:34.717 --> 01:40:36.717
The only sentence possible

01:40:37.717 --> 01:40:42.133
is the most modest sentence,
the most lenient one.

01:40:42.217 --> 01:40:45.467
We can't throw
Wolfowitz in the Niger river.

01:40:45.550 --> 01:40:47.383
Not that the crocodiles would want him.

01:40:48.592 --> 01:40:52.175
The sentence that we request of you...

01:40:58.633 --> 01:41:03.508
is community service for
mankind for all eternity.

01:41:16.967 --> 01:41:20.633
I am honored to appear
before this court

01:41:21.675 --> 01:41:25.592
and to lend my robes to defend
a noble and fair cause,

01:41:26.008 --> 01:41:30.508
but above all to lend my voice
to Africa's silent majority

01:41:30.592 --> 01:41:34.967
that has been subject for 25 years
to the iron law of "adjustment,"

01:41:35.050 --> 01:41:39.258
the law of the strongest, perhaps,
but not the law of most just.

01:41:39.342 --> 01:41:43.383
Yes, Your Honor,
adjustment is an evil,

01:41:43.467 --> 01:41:46.008
an organized
and structured evil

01:41:46.092 --> 01:41:49.258
administered and inoculated
to our people.

01:41:49.342 --> 01:41:53.175
This evil, Your Honor,
is the cynicism of debt,

01:41:53.258 --> 01:41:56.175
the vicious
cycle of debt.

01:41:56.258 --> 01:42:00.300
This debt that has ruined
our economies

01:42:00.383 --> 01:42:05.008
and sapped our energy well
before we have finished paying it.

01:42:05.092 --> 01:42:08.133
What must we do,
faced with the debt's violence?

01:42:08.217 --> 01:42:10.300
I hear the Latin Americans.

01:42:10.383 --> 01:42:12.300
They told us, Your Honor,

01:42:12.383 --> 01:42:16.758
"La deuda es impagable."
The debt can't be paid.

01:42:16.842 --> 01:42:20.967
No, Your Honor, it cannot be paid
because it is illegitimate.

01:42:21.050 --> 01:42:23.300
Because it is violent.

01:42:23.383 --> 01:42:27.258
It cannot be paid simply
because it is untenable.

01:42:28.050 --> 01:42:29.800
On top of the debt's violence,

01:42:29.883 --> 01:42:33.592
we witness the selling off
of our public services,

01:42:33.675 --> 01:42:37.758
our basic social services...
Privatization!

01:42:38.133 --> 01:42:41.133
The health service
has been privatized

01:42:41.508 --> 01:42:45.425
but between
June and September 2005,

01:42:45.508 --> 01:42:50.175
42,000 people died of cholera,
a medieval disease

01:42:50.258 --> 01:42:53.967
that was thought to have been
eradicated here.

01:42:54.050 --> 01:42:56.258
We don't need to look far.

01:42:56.342 --> 01:43:00.842
Here, in this room,
a patient lies suffering.

01:43:00.925 --> 01:43:03.050
Do you hear his moans?

01:43:03.133 --> 01:43:06.508
I've heard them.
And we're privatizing health!

01:43:06.592 --> 01:43:09.800
And that's not all!
We're privatizing education,

01:43:10.092 --> 01:43:12.342
a universal right.

01:43:12.425 --> 01:43:17.342
The acquisition of knowledge
should be the same for all

01:43:17.758 --> 01:43:21.092
but two thirds of our children
are illiterate

01:43:21.258 --> 01:43:25.133
and now we're being asked to pay
to acquire knowledge!

01:43:25.217 --> 01:43:26.675
And that's not all,
Your Honor.

01:43:26.758 --> 01:43:30.092
Our public services have
been sold off.

01:43:31.050 --> 01:43:33.383
Water has been privatized.
Your Honor.

01:43:33.467 --> 01:43:36.425
The Joliba,  the Senegal,
the Zambezi, the Limpopo!

01:43:36.508 --> 01:43:38.300
Our rivers privatized!

01:43:38.383 --> 01:43:40.717
With our stories,
legends and traditions

01:43:40.800 --> 01:43:44.217
buried in the current,
rivers and lakes!

01:43:44.300 --> 01:43:46.092
That is unacceptable.

01:43:46.175 --> 01:43:50.633
The people are like a widow mourning
the premature death of a husband

01:43:50.717 --> 01:43:53.550
buried under
the ruins of adjustment.

01:43:53.633 --> 01:43:57.300
This people are an orphan
crying for its mother

01:43:57.383 --> 01:43:58.800
who died in childbirth.

01:43:58.883 --> 01:44:01.425
All the people ask for
is their due,

01:44:01.508 --> 01:44:03.550
basic health care.

01:44:03.633 --> 01:44:06.758
The people are like a father,
the head of a household

01:44:06.842 --> 01:44:08.467
laid off because of cuts
in the railway.

01:44:08.550 --> 01:44:10.550
These men you have heard,

01:44:10.633 --> 01:44:13.717
these women who have pleaded
on your stand.

01:44:13.800 --> 01:44:16.967
The father who
has seen his authority,

01:44:17.050 --> 01:44:20.717
who has seen his influence
and his dignity

01:44:20.800 --> 01:44:25.050
weakened and swept away
by an unfair redundancy.

01:44:25.133 --> 01:44:28.967
The people, Your Honor,
is Zégué Bamba.

01:44:29.050 --> 01:44:32.800
Have you heard Zégué Bamba's
lament, Your Honor?

01:44:32.883 --> 01:44:37.092
This farmer who asks,
"Why don't I plant anymore?

01:44:37.175 --> 01:44:39.383
When I sow,
why don't I reap?

01:44:39.467 --> 01:44:41.675
And when I harvest,
why don't I eat?"

01:44:43.092 --> 01:44:44.967
This Africa, Your Honor,

01:44:45.050 --> 01:44:48.800
is asking you with dignity,
humility and modesty,

01:44:48.883 --> 01:44:51.008
but with legitimacy,
for justice.

01:44:51.092 --> 01:44:53.467
You must
do justice to Africa.

01:44:53.550 --> 01:44:58.175
You must do this not by
condemning the World Bank,

01:44:58.258 --> 01:45:01.425
Your Honor, no,
you will achieve it simply

01:45:01.508 --> 01:45:05.300
by forcing the World Bank,
the IMF, the WTO and the G8,

01:45:05.383 --> 01:45:07.425
along with
their accomplices,

01:45:07.508 --> 01:45:09.342
to respect the mandate

01:45:09.425 --> 01:45:11.592
that they should never have forgotten,

01:45:11.675 --> 01:45:15.883
that man should be at the center
of all humane action.

01:45:16.217 --> 01:45:18.550
It's your
responsibility, sir,

01:45:18.633 --> 01:45:22.008
since your pen
will be signing the ruling.

01:45:22.092 --> 01:45:24.967
It's mine too,
through the robes I wear.

01:45:25.050 --> 01:45:28.675
And we're all responsible because
it's our duty as a generation

01:45:28.758 --> 01:45:31.925
to bring about
the advent of that day

01:45:32.008 --> 01:45:34.800
for the equilibrium of the world

01:45:34.883 --> 01:45:36.592
and man's future
is at stake.

01:53:40.800 --> 01:53:46.550
"My ear to the ground,
"I heard tomorrow pass by."