WEBVTT

00:01:17.030 --> 00:01:20.080
My name is Joaquim Melo,
I am one of the founders

00:01:20.080 --> 00:01:22.120
and coordinator of Banco Palmas,

00:01:22.120 --> 00:01:25.750
which is a solidarity economy experience
from the Palmeiras Complex,

00:01:25.750 --> 00:01:27.500
which is a big slum...

00:01:27.580 --> 00:01:30.840
It was a big favela there in Fortaleza,
a very poor neighborhood

00:01:30.840 --> 00:01:32.750
created in 73.

00:01:32.750 --> 00:01:35.840
We urbanized this neighborhood
through a joint effort

00:01:35.840 --> 00:01:39.890
and in 1998 we created a bank,
a community bank

00:01:39.890 --> 00:01:42.640
which had as principle and logic

00:01:42.640 --> 00:01:46.770
encourage people to produce
and consume in the community itself.

00:01:46.770 --> 00:01:50.110
So we created the community bank,
a social currency

00:01:50.110 --> 00:01:53.070
which were palms,
that only circulated there in the community,

00:01:53.070 --> 00:01:55.280
to stimulate local consumption.

00:01:55.280 --> 00:01:58.740
And from 2005 onwards Professor Paul Singer,

00:01:58.740 --> 00:02:01.070
already as secretary of SENAES,

00:02:01.070 --> 00:02:04.870
invited us to take this experience
to the rest of Brazil.

00:02:04.870 --> 00:02:08.460
And so we did,
we were creating a bank in each municipality,

00:02:08.460 --> 00:02:10.790
in every district, in every favela,

00:02:10.790 --> 00:02:14.500
and we created the Brazilian network
of community banks.

00:02:14.500 --> 00:02:17.510
Today we are 113 banks in Brazil

00:02:17.510 --> 00:02:19.510
and I am one of the coordinators.

00:02:27.600 --> 00:02:31.100
Marica started in 2013,
the Quaquá who was the mayor of the city,

00:02:31.100 --> 00:02:34.360
visit people from the bank Palmas
and tells us the following:

00:02:34.360 --> 00:02:37.860
“We want to do an experience there in Maricá

00:02:37.860 --> 00:02:41.030
to have a great social benefit program

00:02:41.030 --> 00:02:45.240
paid by the municipality,
12,000 families will receive a grant from the city hall,

00:02:45.240 --> 00:02:48.410
a minimum income program

00:02:48.410 --> 00:02:52.250
and we want to do it there with this methodology
of community bank that you have here

00:02:52.250 --> 00:02:58.010
that money circulates locally,
that the money stays in the municipality itself.”

00:02:58.010 --> 00:02:59.760
Well, what was our surprise?

00:02:59.760 --> 00:03:02.510
when the municipality got to
know the new bank model

00:03:02.510 --> 00:03:03.800
that was cheaper

00:03:03.800 --> 00:03:07.810
many people started taking their
accounts from traditional banks

00:03:07.810 --> 00:03:10.640
and opening their accounts at the Mumbuca bank.

00:03:10.640 --> 00:03:14.770
Today there are 26 thousand people in the municipality
who have a bank account.

00:03:14.770 --> 00:03:16.730
You\'ll say \"ah, it\'s because of the benefit\",

00:03:16.730 --> 00:03:19.650
there are only 13 thousand
who have the benefit.

00:03:26.700 --> 00:03:30.250
The objective of the Mumbuca bank,
community bank,

00:03:30.250 --> 00:03:35.130
is to promote cooperatives,

00:03:35.130 --> 00:03:40.010
to foster solidarity economy movements,

00:03:40.010 --> 00:03:44.800
promote fair credit,
banking democratization,

00:03:44.800 --> 00:03:46.890
this is important.

00:03:46.890 --> 00:03:51.770
There are many people who did not
even have a bank account before,

00:03:51.770 --> 00:03:55.520
today, without bureaucracy,
through the e-money platform,

00:03:55.520 --> 00:03:57.770
we open in two minutes
a checking account,

00:03:57.770 --> 00:04:00.610
they just have to come with ID, Tax ID,
proof of address,

00:04:00.610 --> 00:04:03.820
I won\'t need them to make
a deposit right away.

00:04:03.820 --> 00:04:07.740
I am a beneficiary of Moeda Mumbuca

00:04:07.740 --> 00:04:12.370
and from the beginning I started using the card,

00:04:12.370 --> 00:04:15.750
at the time I didn\'t work,
I had no income,

00:04:15.750 --> 00:04:20.670
I was a beneficiary of other programs
of the government here in Maricá.

00:04:22.720 --> 00:04:28.100
It was a very good alternative.
helped me a lot. It still helps me today.

00:04:28.100 --> 00:04:31.350
Most trade here,
now, we accept,

00:04:31.350 --> 00:04:35.900
building material store, including
the store where I work also accepts.

00:04:42.110 --> 00:04:44.740
Formerly, in the time of material money,

00:04:44.740 --> 00:04:46.820
we had a government that issued currency.

00:04:46.820 --> 00:04:51.620
If I issued currency, made currency
in my house, I would be arrested, right?

00:04:51.620 --> 00:04:55.120
Today, any bank produces money,

00:04:55.120 --> 00:04:57.580
because the money

00:04:57.580 --> 00:05:00.050
turned into a magnetic signal.

00:05:00.050 --> 00:05:01.340
This magnetic signal,

00:05:01.340 --> 00:05:03.840
they can produce on credit form

00:05:03.840 --> 00:05:07.640
without having the corresponding money,
because it is simply opening credit,

00:05:07.640 --> 00:05:09.640
no one is going to take that money right away.

00:05:09.640 --> 00:05:12.890
The money is still there in magnetic form,

00:05:12.890 --> 00:05:17.100
and a radically new system was created

00:05:17.100 --> 00:05:20.440
of appropriation of people\'s resources.

00:05:26.200 --> 00:05:30.080
How did money become immaterial?

00:05:30.080 --> 00:05:34.040
It has to pass through an equipment,

00:05:34.040 --> 00:05:36.580
and this card

00:05:36.580 --> 00:05:38.330
belongs to the bank‚

00:05:38.330 --> 00:05:40.960
this immaterial money,

00:05:40.960 --> 00:05:43.300
it is actually controlled by banks,

00:05:43.300 --> 00:05:45.840
and essentially, private banks.

00:05:48.930 --> 00:05:54.520
The taxi drivers also joined.

00:05:54.520 --> 00:05:59.480
some cooperatives

00:05:59.480 --> 00:06:01.520
they

00:06:01.520 --> 00:06:04.940
already accept it, this is one of them.

00:06:04.940 --> 00:06:08.660
This one, the Teixeira bazaar,

00:06:08.660 --> 00:06:12.120
it accepts social currency,
and it has several varieties,

00:06:12.120 --> 00:06:13.740
there\'s a lot of stuff.

00:06:13.740 --> 00:06:16.710
the cafeteria over there

00:06:16.710 --> 00:06:18.710
also accepts.

00:06:18.710 --> 00:06:21.790
The restaurant next door too.

00:06:21.790 --> 00:06:26.380
Then this little cafeteria also accepts.

00:06:28.170 --> 00:06:31.430
The Tigger Bazaar also accepts.

00:06:32.050 --> 00:06:33.640
Here.

00:06:33.640 --> 00:06:35.470
Transaction completed successfully.

00:06:35.470 --> 00:06:38.270
So it\'s already out of my account,

00:06:38.270 --> 00:06:41.190
then she will check it out there.

00:06:44.320 --> 00:06:45.570
There, look.

00:06:45.570 --> 00:06:47.570
At the same time.

00:06:49.360 --> 00:06:51.660
the big change,

00:06:51.660 --> 00:06:57.080
that\'s when we started to migrate

00:06:57.080 --> 00:07:03.290
from the old system with that
little magnetic card I mentioned,

00:07:03.290 --> 00:07:05.840
for the cash.

00:07:05.860 --> 00:07:06.880
Why?

00:07:06.880 --> 00:07:11.180
For the other card we hired
a company that made them

00:07:11.180 --> 00:07:13.550
and they gave the card machines,

00:07:13.550 --> 00:07:18.810
and 3% of the value went to that company
from Brasilia.

00:07:18.810 --> 00:07:22.350
From the moment
that we joined e-money,

00:07:22.350 --> 00:07:28.610
which is the platform for the
national network of community banks,

00:07:28.610 --> 00:07:32.200
this value started to return
to the Mumbuca bank.

00:07:37.990 --> 00:07:42.290
What was once a fee that went to the
credit card and magnetic card operator,

00:07:42.290 --> 00:07:44.130
started to stay at the Mumbuca bank.

00:07:44.130 --> 00:07:46.710
So it was a 2% rate

00:07:46.710 --> 00:07:51.800
that was previously charged to defray the
company that operated the magnetic card,

00:07:51.800 --> 00:07:55.640
today it goes to a credit fund
that the Mumbuca bank created,

00:07:55.640 --> 00:08:00.230
and finances a zero-interest
credit policy in the city.

00:08:00.230 --> 00:08:04.560
So today we have a microcredit
policy, in which we lend money

00:08:04.560 --> 00:08:06.480
for small traders,

00:08:06.480 --> 00:08:09.980
for those who want to start
setting up an economic enterprise,

00:08:09.980 --> 00:08:14.070
and for those who want
to improve their home.

00:08:14.070 --> 00:08:16.240
We lend money at zero
interest so that people

00:08:16.240 --> 00:08:18.280
may have financial emancipation,

00:08:18.280 --> 00:08:21.200
can improve the place where they live,

00:08:21.200 --> 00:08:23.500
and that they can set
up their own business

00:08:23.500 --> 00:08:26.880
and start generating income
from the work itself.

00:08:41.270 --> 00:08:42.810
Well, we\'re here.

00:08:45.840 --> 00:08:49.230
A lot of people started to hear about it, people

00:08:49.230 --> 00:08:51.940
who had a social currency in the city,

00:08:51.940 --> 00:08:53.400
and we tried to find out,

00:08:53.400 --> 00:08:56.280
then we looked for Natalia
to form a partnership,

00:08:56.280 --> 00:08:59.030
and we were the first to do it,
the \"Best House\"

00:08:59.030 --> 00:09:00.700
we did the first one,

00:09:00.700 --> 00:09:02.160
and from the first on.

00:09:02.160 --> 00:09:04.830
And we also accept the Mumbuca card,

00:09:04.830 --> 00:09:06.710
which is from the same bank

00:09:06.710 --> 00:09:09.210
and we sell at the spot price,

00:09:09.210 --> 00:09:14.130
because it\'s money, really

00:09:14.130 --> 00:09:17.050
and it helps a lot, both us and the population.

00:09:17.830 --> 00:09:19.890
It is a normal form of payment,

00:09:19.890 --> 00:09:22.430
the person comes, makes their budget,

00:09:22.430 --> 00:09:24.170
the regular budget,

00:09:24.170 --> 00:09:26.900
and then at closing time we
just ask the payment method

00:09:26.900 --> 00:09:31.340
and they inform, it\'s mumbuca, mumbuca card,
we go directly to the cashier,

00:09:31.340 --> 00:09:35.100
but when it comes to \"Best House\"
it\'s different, right,

00:09:35.100 --> 00:09:40.080
there must be at least three people
to make a budget, go to the bank,

00:09:40.080 --> 00:09:45.000
the bank approves and they come back with the form
approved and we make the sale normally.

00:09:45.250 --> 00:09:46.830
The Best House

00:09:46.830 --> 00:09:55.380
The person already comes with the budget
from the building supply store,

00:09:55.380 --> 00:09:59.970
there are several throughout the city,

00:10:03.300 --> 00:10:08.760
and we do the research,
fill the form correctly

00:10:08.760 --> 00:10:11.190
and we release,

00:10:11.190 --> 00:10:15.900
we do the credit analysis,
You have to have a credit analysis, right?

00:10:15.900 --> 00:10:23.720
But it\'s not a credit analysis like
they would do in other banks,

00:10:23.720 --> 00:10:26.830
because in addition to the analysis on paper,

00:10:26.830 --> 00:10:30.760
to pull the CPF there to find
out if there is a restriction,

00:10:30.760 --> 00:10:36.060
we go to the person\'s house, we photograph,
we enter into a person\'s life.

00:10:36.060 --> 00:10:37.720
So sometimes they have a restriction,

00:10:37.720 --> 00:10:40.470
but how can i deny a credit
for a person

00:10:40.470 --> 00:10:42.970
who inside their house is raining?

00:10:47.310 --> 00:10:50.580
When money is expensive

00:10:50.580 --> 00:10:52.810
it becomes unproductive.

00:10:52.810 --> 00:10:58.910
Imagine a housewife who is a seamstress,
she wants to increase her productivity.

00:10:58.910 --> 00:11:00.570
She\'s going to get a loan from the bank

00:11:00.570 --> 00:11:04.140
to buy a more sophisticated sewing machine.

00:11:04.140 --> 00:11:09.370
Let\'s say that more sophisticated
sewing machine increases by 5 or 8%

00:11:09.370 --> 00:11:14.260
her productivity and her income.

00:11:14.260 --> 00:11:17.260
If what the bank charges on this credit

00:11:17.260 --> 00:11:20.560
is 15, 20 or 30%,

00:11:20.560 --> 00:11:25.640
she, with this little increase in productivity,
will not be able to repay the loan

00:11:25.640 --> 00:11:27.850
or even pay interest.

00:11:32.440 --> 00:11:36.420
The Solidarity Productive is
not a big credit.

00:11:36.420 --> 00:11:38.690
And when they come to get credit
we talk,

00:11:38.690 --> 00:11:41.950
they come here sometimes saying
“I want two thousand”.

00:11:41.950 --> 00:11:45.330
Sometimes a manicure,
“I want two thousand to buy material”,

00:11:45.330 --> 00:11:50.960
then we say “hey, are you sure this is
what you want? What is this value?

00:11:50.960 --> 00:11:53.170
Is a lower value not enough?

00:11:53.170 --> 00:11:58.500
Won\'t this higher value
wind you up in the future?”

00:11:58.500 --> 00:12:03.220
Because it\'s very easy
for you to give credit,

00:12:03.220 --> 00:12:06.350
but you have to give
conscious credit, helping,

00:12:06.350 --> 00:12:09.020
not a credit that will
screw the person up.

00:12:13.140 --> 00:12:16.300
The first loan I took out at
the bank was to build the salon.

00:12:16.300 --> 00:12:20.860
I was renovating the salon, I also registered
the bricklayer, and he accepted the coin,

00:12:20.860 --> 00:12:23.360
this helped me a lot.

00:12:24.720 --> 00:12:27.660
I started the work and
here it was well accepted,

00:12:27.660 --> 00:12:30.700
and then I use the currency in other
places that accept the currency.

00:12:30.700 --> 00:12:34.580
I always move, my account
in Mumbuca is always busy.

00:12:39.170 --> 00:12:44.760
There\'s a girl there who used to work with me,
she is a manicurist too

00:12:44.760 --> 00:12:49.640
she also took a credit to invest
in her production, she is a manicurist.

00:12:57.060 --> 00:13:00.900
Maricá is a city that has made a
revolution in the field of finance,

00:13:00.900 --> 00:13:07.080
it proved how it is possible to really
have a local and community bank,

00:13:07.080 --> 00:13:09.800
which is not from the city hall,
this is the big deal.

00:13:09.800 --> 00:13:12.120
The mayor didn\'t create a bank for him,

00:13:12.120 --> 00:13:14.210
if the city hall changes, the bank continues.

00:13:14.210 --> 00:13:17.960
The mayor who comes can even cut the aid,
but the bank continues.

00:13:17.960 --> 00:13:21.580
Because the law establishes that
it will create a community bank

00:13:21.580 --> 00:13:23.900
affiliated to the network of community banks.

00:13:23.900 --> 00:13:25.590
So Marica has a bank,

00:13:25.590 --> 00:13:28.640
controlled by a residents\' association,

00:13:28.640 --> 00:13:31.540
which is the Marica Community Bank Association,

00:13:31.540 --> 00:13:35.140
with 24 thousand users,
1,300 businesses,

00:13:35.140 --> 00:13:41.150
generating a value of more than 200
thousand purchases per month in Maricá.

00:13:43.860 --> 00:13:47.960
The city hall is a partner in terms of grants,

00:13:47.960 --> 00:13:53.290
so in a way the city hall
is a customer of the bank.

00:13:53.290 --> 00:13:56.800
Our biggest client at the moment, right?

00:13:56.800 --> 00:13:59.840
people have to understand
that the community bank

00:13:59.840 --> 00:14:06.310
It\'s not the banker\'s, it\'s his.

00:14:06.310 --> 00:14:08.050
He has to be inside the bank,

00:14:08.050 --> 00:14:15.640
he has to understand that
even the products are just for them.

00:14:16.980 --> 00:14:20.520
For us, right, I\'m from Marica,
I\'m from here, it\'s mine too.

00:14:30.040 --> 00:14:35.640
There are limits on solidarity credit,
in local funding systems.

00:14:35.640 --> 00:14:41.080
There are limits to what the
community can do about itself.

00:14:41.080 --> 00:14:45.090
You have a territory organization logic,

00:14:45.090 --> 00:14:49.620
a broader system and not just the location,
that is important.

00:14:49.620 --> 00:14:51.640
Nonetheless,

00:14:51.640 --> 00:14:53.900
in Brazil in particular,

00:14:53.900 --> 00:14:59.270
the local organization
is the most underused,

00:14:59.270 --> 00:15:03.650
the mayors here instead of
managing their resources,

00:15:03.650 --> 00:15:08.490
they are forced to stay in the
ministers\' room trying to get some money.

00:15:08.490 --> 00:15:13.440
So this whole system,
extremely centralized in Brazil,

00:15:13.440 --> 00:15:21.290
makes really solid dynamics at the
grassroots level very difficult.

00:15:21.290 --> 00:15:23.360
Why is this so important?

00:15:23.360 --> 00:15:27.170
Brazil has 5,570 municipalities.

00:15:27.170 --> 00:15:30.300
If the municipalities don\'t work,
the country does not work.

00:15:30.300 --> 00:15:33.760
You can extend the same
reasoning to industry:

00:15:33.760 --> 00:15:36.560
if companies are more
managed than factories,

00:15:36.560 --> 00:15:40.260
this industry is not going forward.

00:15:40.260 --> 00:15:43.730
What is the basic unit of the country?
It\'s the municipalities.

00:15:43.730 --> 00:15:48.070
So running the local is vital.

00:15:52.340 --> 00:15:55.070
There\'s also a story like that,
people talk a lot like that

00:15:55.070 --> 00:15:58.760
“Palmas bank didn’t work out,

00:15:58.760 --> 00:16:03.010
because it is only in Conjunto Palmeiras
until today, in Fortaleza”.

00:16:03.010 --> 00:16:06.140
But that\'s the logic,
that\'s the good thing about our experience,

00:16:06.140 --> 00:16:09.340
is to create a big bank, a network of banks,

00:16:09.340 --> 00:16:11.510
so we are many,

00:16:11.510 --> 00:16:13.300
but each one is each one.

00:16:13.300 --> 00:16:16.390
Every neighborhood, every location
has its own bank.

00:16:16.390 --> 00:16:20.360
So Palmas bank is only in Fortaleza
in the neighborhood of Conjunto Palmeiras.

00:16:20.360 --> 00:16:23.240
So that\'s the big thing
from our experience,

00:16:23.240 --> 00:16:25.760
is that we are a network of banks.

00:16:25.760 --> 00:16:29.540
We are fighting hard in the country
to create another model of banks,

00:16:29.540 --> 00:16:33.610
another alternative
to the system we have there,

00:16:33.610 --> 00:16:36.450
which is exclusionary by nature
and concentrator.

00:17:04.320 --> 00:17:05.990
We made a mapping

00:17:05.990 --> 00:17:09.020
and within that mapping
we found out that

00:17:09.020 --> 00:17:12.580
the financial income
acquired within the community

00:17:12.580 --> 00:17:15.340
was spent in another community,

00:17:15.340 --> 00:17:19.370
and so, every month that we went to this community,

00:17:19.370 --> 00:17:21.800
there was a new store,

00:17:21.800 --> 00:17:27.760
because all the income from the poorest places was spent in this community.

00:17:27.760 --> 00:17:32.040
And then the idea of ​​creating
a community bank,

00:17:32.040 --> 00:17:38.050
because the local currency

00:17:38.070 --> 00:17:42.180
will only circulate within the community.

00:17:42.180 --> 00:17:45.430
These \"Shells\" coins were created
by the community itself,

00:17:45.430 --> 00:17:49.860
here on the back there are the shells, which is the mollusc

00:17:49.860 --> 00:17:51.570
that prevails in the community,

00:17:51.570 --> 00:17:56.530
and in the verses we have the January ox,

00:17:56.530 --> 00:18:00.960
the saint goncalo,
which is a cultural manifestation,

00:18:00.960 --> 00:18:03.740
the crab, from here in the community,

00:18:03.740 --> 00:18:05.860
the seafood girl,

00:18:05.860 --> 00:18:09.040
and the fisherman.

00:18:09.040 --> 00:18:10.570
It only works in the community,

00:18:10.570 --> 00:18:14.760
but still someone from the community
might want to steal it, right?

00:18:14.770 --> 00:18:19.500
All the coins that come out
have a serial number,

00:18:19.500 --> 00:18:22.390
then this serial number is noted.

00:18:22.390 --> 00:18:28.160
There was a theft here,
the first and last,

00:18:28.160 --> 00:18:30.230
they took the social currency,

00:18:30.230 --> 00:18:32.980
so when we got here and
discovered the break-in,

00:18:32.980 --> 00:18:36.650
we told the shops what had happened,

00:18:36.650 --> 00:18:39.880
that they could accept the coin

00:18:39.880 --> 00:18:44.640
that they would be covered, that even
knowing that it was stolen, we would cover it,

00:18:44.640 --> 00:18:47.830
so we can get to the person who made the theft.

00:18:47.830 --> 00:18:53.240
Because the ones that were stolen
we didn\'t have the numbers written down,

00:18:53.240 --> 00:18:56.470
so we got to whoever had done the act

00:18:56.470 --> 00:18:59.560
because of this series annotation security.

00:18:59.560 --> 00:19:04.660
And then we called, talked to the person

00:19:04.660 --> 00:19:06.540
and then it didn\'t happen anymore.

00:19:06.540 --> 00:19:08.810
Ascomat has eight projects,

00:19:08.810 --> 00:19:10.300
which is the bank,

00:19:10.300 --> 00:19:12.360
the infocentre, the radio,

00:19:12.360 --> 00:19:15.340
agroecology, ViverTur,

00:19:15.340 --> 00:19:17.620
which is community-based tourism,

00:19:17.620 --> 00:19:19.650
the Real Dream Bakery,

00:19:19.650 --> 00:19:21.240
and the movie club.

00:19:23.540 --> 00:19:25.240
The Real Dream Bakery,

00:19:25.240 --> 00:19:28.230
it is Ascomat\'s newest venture.

00:19:28.230 --> 00:19:32.960
The community had this dream
to have quality bread.

00:19:37.440 --> 00:19:42.440
There have been many young people there,
At the bakery.

00:19:42.440 --> 00:19:47.220
They started as volunteers and today
in any establishment making bread,

00:19:47.220 --> 00:19:48.520
they already know how to do it,

00:19:48.520 --> 00:19:50.890
they already have a profession as a baker.

00:20:11.120 --> 00:20:15.760
So the community garden
also emerged from the need

00:20:15.760 --> 00:20:19.090
that was seen in the community
to have these products

00:20:19.090 --> 00:20:22.720
like fruits and vegetables,

00:20:22.720 --> 00:20:24.420
coming from other locations.

00:20:37.960 --> 00:20:39.760
The people who work in the garden,

00:20:39.760 --> 00:20:42.380
which today has a group of four people,

00:20:42.380 --> 00:20:47.570
there are three youths and one adult,
who follows up with them

00:20:47.570 --> 00:20:50.440
more on the information side.

00:20:50.440 --> 00:20:53.300
So the community garden
is completely organic,

00:20:53.300 --> 00:20:55.330
the community asks
\"why don\'t you plant this?\"

00:20:55.330 --> 00:21:01.800
Then the girls see the possibility of
adapting the vegetables and start planting.

00:21:01.800 --> 00:21:05.080
After they harvest they sell
it right here in the community,

00:21:05.080 --> 00:21:07.710
for a more affordable price,

00:21:07.710 --> 00:21:12.300
which is to self-sustain
the community garden,

00:21:12.300 --> 00:21:14.890
to buy seed and fertilizer.

00:21:23.540 --> 00:21:25.360
So the community bank,

00:21:25.360 --> 00:21:29.020
it is a solidarity finance tool

00:21:29.020 --> 00:21:33.080
that in addition to funding,
creates a culture of appreciation of the place.

00:21:33.080 --> 00:21:36.440
And the bank finances those who
want to buy from each other here,

00:21:36.440 --> 00:21:38.500
we do not finance those
who want to buy abroad.

00:21:38.500 --> 00:21:42.940
So that\'s the big thing
of this new model of solidarity finance.

00:21:42.940 --> 00:21:45.990
I mean, it is solidary,
not because it borrows cheaper,

00:21:45.990 --> 00:21:48.010
but mainly,

00:21:48.010 --> 00:21:52.690
it creates a culture through
its financing credit policy,

00:21:52.690 --> 00:21:56.770
it creates a culture of
appreciation of the place.

00:22:06.320 --> 00:22:07.940
when you buy

00:22:07.940 --> 00:22:12.700
using the community
bank debit or credit card,

00:22:12.700 --> 00:22:15.820
those 2% fee that is
charged to the merchant

00:22:15.820 --> 00:22:19.700
return to the community bank to
reinvest in the community itself.

00:22:19.700 --> 00:22:23.390
In other words, it makes my
community have more schools,

00:22:23.390 --> 00:22:26.260
have more parks,
have more squares,

00:22:26.260 --> 00:22:27.930
or have zero interest credit,

00:22:27.930 --> 00:22:29.470
like they do in Marica.

00:22:29.470 --> 00:22:31.220
It\'s my own consumption.

00:22:31.220 --> 00:22:32.890
The way I consume

00:22:32.890 --> 00:22:35.350
defines the kind of
society I want to build.

00:22:38.490 --> 00:22:41.500
The inequality that we have,

00:22:41.500 --> 00:22:44.700
it is ethically dumb,

00:22:44.700 --> 00:22:48.090
because having a person, a mother
who cannot buy medicine

00:22:48.090 --> 00:22:50.530
for her child, cannot buy food,

00:22:50.530 --> 00:22:54.120
this is a disgrace in
ethical terms, right?

00:22:54.120 --> 00:22:58.820
There is no economic rationale
to justify this.

00:22:58.820 --> 00:23:02.380
It is a disgrace, this inequality,
in political terms,

00:23:02.380 --> 00:23:06.710
because when you have a deep
inequality nobody governs,

00:23:06.710 --> 00:23:09.590
see the political chaos in
which Brazil has been thrown,

00:23:09.590 --> 00:23:13.130
we have to reduce this inequality.

00:23:13.130 --> 00:23:15.560
Because you have permanent conflicts.

00:23:15.560 --> 00:23:19.350
And it\'s dumb in economic terms,

00:23:19.350 --> 00:23:23.060
because precisely, dynamizing
a broad base of demand

00:23:23.060 --> 00:23:26.320
is what makes the business
world more dynamic,

00:23:26.320 --> 00:23:30.610
and therefore, finance
the policies of the State.

00:23:32.500 --> 00:23:35.680
Where is our money kept?

00:23:35.680 --> 00:23:38.460
If you ask, where is the NGO money kept?

00:23:38.460 --> 00:23:41.060
Where is the money of social movements kept?

00:23:41.060 --> 00:23:44.110
From family farming? From agribusiness?
From the Movement of the Landless?

00:23:44.110 --> 00:23:47.460
It\'s all held in commercial banks.

00:23:48.620 --> 00:23:51.200
We need to get that money out of there,

00:23:51.200 --> 00:23:53.010
dry up that source of them

00:23:53.010 --> 00:23:55.760
and put in the popular bank,
put in our model.

00:23:55.760 --> 00:23:57.770
This is the flag of solidarity finance.

00:23:57.770 --> 00:24:00.840
To create a solidarity finance system

00:24:00.840 --> 00:24:04.100
with a large popular bank,
a large bank of workers.

00:24:06.150 --> 00:24:09.340
There cannot be a just,
egalitarian society,

00:24:09.340 --> 00:24:12.320
dignified human life,
with the system we have.

00:24:12.320 --> 00:24:14.410
It\'s impossible to have.

00:24:14.410 --> 00:24:18.420
Or we really create another system
and we have set ourselves on this road,

00:24:18.420 --> 00:24:21.560
or we will always depend on a lame system

00:24:21.560 --> 00:24:23.540
and the solidarity economy
will always be lame,

00:24:23.540 --> 00:24:27.400
because at the end of the day everything
comes back and everything ends up in the bank.

00:24:27.400 --> 00:24:30.590
And there it does what it wants,
the way it wants.