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The Wind Blows the Border
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On the violent border between Brazil and Paraguay, a battle wages between agribusiness and indigenous sovereignty. An indigenous teacher and a lawyer with strong relations to Bolsonarist federal power are on opposite sides of the Guarani-Kaiowá people's struggle for their land.
Citation
Main credits
Faerman, Laura (film director)
Faerman, Laura (screenwriter)
Weis, Marina (film director)
Weis, Marina (screenwriter)
Matos, Julio (film producer)
Ludmer, Luís (film producer)
Díaz Díaz, Rodrigo (film producer)
Other credits
Cinematography, Aliza Barbosa.
Distributor subjects
Human Rights; Indigenous Peoples; South America; International Relations; Political Science; Women; AnthropologyKeywords
00:00:59.195 --> 00:01:01.864
Before, when they told us
00:01:01.864 --> 00:01:03.949
our stories,
00:01:05.868 --> 00:01:07.536
stories of the wind.
00:01:10.706 --> 00:01:13.292
That if the wind
touches our face
00:01:13.292 --> 00:01:15.669
it also touches our
people far away.
00:01:18.130 --> 00:01:19.632
It reminds you
00:01:21.342 --> 00:01:23.719
of all your relatives,
00:01:23.719 --> 00:01:26.555
those who are still with you
00:01:26.555 --> 00:01:29.433
and those who are already gone.
00:01:37.775 --> 00:01:41.237
Memories of the
Shamans who are gone,
00:01:43.614 --> 00:01:47.493
living memories
of our territory.
00:02:31.120 --> 00:02:35.624
Manuel left a great
story to Alziro.
00:02:35.624 --> 00:02:39.879
Alziro and Marçal left stories
to Don Quitito and Léia.
00:02:56.061 --> 00:03:01.400
Léia, Amilton Lopes, Plácido...
00:03:02.568 --> 00:03:04.612
They left other stories,
00:03:06.280 --> 00:03:07.865
and to whom?
00:03:07.865 --> 00:03:09.700
They left them to us!
00:03:44.860 --> 00:04:00.459
THE WIND BLOWS THE BORDER
00:05:56.700 --> 00:06:00.537
The children just
talked about the water.
00:06:02.081 --> 00:06:05.042
Even the youngest ones drew
00:06:05.042 --> 00:06:08.045
the clean water of our village.
00:06:08.045 --> 00:06:09.755
But yesterday...
00:06:09.755 --> 00:06:13.133
I told them,
00:06:13.133 --> 00:06:15.135
I took the opportunity...
00:06:15.135 --> 00:06:18.722
while we were looking at
the drawings, and I said...
00:06:18.722 --> 00:06:22.935
that our water is at
risk of contamination.
00:06:22.935 --> 00:06:25.062
Besides, it’s
already dirty, isn't it?
00:06:25.729 --> 00:06:27.606
- Sewage...
- Sewage.
00:06:39.076 --> 00:06:40.452
What happens?
00:06:45.040 --> 00:06:47.626
We have to discuss this
at the Great Assembly,
00:06:47.626 --> 00:06:51.422
otherwise our water
will be totally polluted.
00:06:51.422 --> 00:06:52.965
Things are going to get ugly.
00:06:54.842 --> 00:06:57.553
And then, which
water will we drink?
00:06:57.553 --> 00:06:58.679
Yes.
00:07:32.171 --> 00:07:34.548
- How are you? - Good!
00:07:35.299 --> 00:07:39.303
'TO BE FREE',
'WHAT IS FREEDOM?'
00:07:39.970 --> 00:07:45.809
Mbo'Eroy Indigenous City School
00:07:49.521 --> 00:07:51.648
Guarani, teacher?
00:07:51.648 --> 00:07:52.232
Yes.
00:07:55.861 --> 00:07:57.863
Guarani-Kaiowá!
00:08:00.240 --> 00:08:03.327
- What day is today?
- 25!
00:08:03.327 --> 00:08:04.620
- 25!
00:08:14.880 --> 00:08:17.591
You've heard that
in Portuguese, right?
00:08:18.300 --> 00:08:20.093
I already read this to you
00:08:20.844 --> 00:08:22.638
so you could do
a task in Guarani.
00:08:22.638 --> 00:08:25.849
After this activity, I'll
write it on the blackboard
00:08:25.849 --> 00:08:27.017
so you can start.
00:08:29.019 --> 00:08:30.354
You'll read this,
00:08:31.355 --> 00:08:35.567
you'll read this,
you'll read this,
00:08:38.195 --> 00:08:40.739
and you'll read this, Lenice.
00:08:41.240 --> 00:08:43.700
You'll read and understand.
00:08:43.700 --> 00:08:45.994
Read and understand.
00:08:47.162 --> 00:08:50.874
And I will ask what it is about.
00:08:52.376 --> 00:08:55.462
Fire
00:08:57.506 --> 00:09:00.884
Rabbit
00:09:01.885 --> 00:09:03.845
What is this called?
00:09:07.724 --> 00:09:09.935
- I don't know!
- Yes, you do!
00:09:11.144 --> 00:09:12.020
What is this called?
00:09:12.020 --> 00:09:13.063
- “y”
- “y”
00:09:13.855 --> 00:09:15.357
Do you know what “y” means?
00:09:15.357 --> 00:09:16.692
- Yes. - What is it?
00:09:18.527 --> 00:09:20.571
- Water.
- Drinking water, right?!
00:09:20.571 --> 00:09:21.613
And here?
00:09:22.072 --> 00:09:24.783
Worm
00:09:24.783 --> 00:09:27.411
- Worm... Do you know what it means?
- Yes
00:09:27.411 --> 00:09:28.370
- So
00:09:28.370 --> 00:09:30.455
- Was it difficult?
- No
00:09:30.455 --> 00:09:31.540
Not at all!
00:09:33.000 --> 00:09:37.421
Now read this, and
tell me what it's about.
00:09:38.547 --> 00:09:40.966
Take the gum out of your mouth!
00:09:42.342 --> 00:09:44.511
The wind...
00:09:47.389 --> 00:09:48.724
leaf...
00:09:48.724 --> 00:09:50.392
- Leafs...
- Leafs thro...
00:09:50.392 --> 00:09:51.768
No, it’s not.
00:09:52.436 --> 00:09:56.607
The wind leafs through...
00:09:56.607 --> 00:09:58.400
the tree.
00:09:59.192 --> 00:10:02.613
I... leaf through...
00:10:04.698 --> 00:10:08.744
- Read it again.
- I leaf through... the book.
00:10:08.744 --> 00:10:12.581
We seek...
00:10:12.581 --> 00:10:15.292
po-e-try.
00:10:15.834 --> 00:10:18.754
Poetry.
“We seek poetry”.
00:12:03.108 --> 00:12:05.610
We, Guarani-Kaiowá,
00:12:05.610 --> 00:12:07.821
have many stories.
00:12:08.822 --> 00:12:11.199
Many places where
our relatives lived.
00:12:13.076 --> 00:12:18.665
Many places where the
people we loved were murdered.
00:14:00.600 --> 00:14:07.315
Out, Temer! Temer Out!
00:14:14.823 --> 00:14:20.787
Land demarcation now!
Land demarcation now!
00:14:46.646 --> 00:14:49.024
This is our third class,
00:14:49.024 --> 00:14:53.528
here's a brief summary of
everything we have discussed:
00:14:53.528 --> 00:14:59.492
The Royal Licenses, the Territory Law,
the Constitution of the Republic of 1891,
00:14:59.492 --> 00:15:06.082
which deals with the transfer of
the devolved territories to the states,
00:15:06.082 --> 00:15:10.837
the Constitution of 1967, which
follows the logic of the Territory Law
00:15:10.837 --> 00:15:13.381
and we arrive at the
Federal Constitution of 1988.
00:15:13.381 --> 00:15:15.717
Article 231 of the
Federal Constitution,
00:15:15.717 --> 00:15:19.554
Milestone Thesis, Time
and Mode Premise...
00:15:19.554 --> 00:15:24.559
And this is the key issue
we are to address today:
00:15:24.559 --> 00:15:29.648
The issue of people, territory,
and political independence.
00:15:29.648 --> 00:15:35.070
Indigenous lands are an essential
part of the Brazilian territory.
00:15:35.070 --> 00:15:39.366
The Indigenous territories, as
defined by the Constitution of 1988,
00:15:39.366 --> 00:15:41.952
are part of the
Brazilian state territory,
00:15:41.952 --> 00:15:46.081
covered exclusively
by national law.
00:15:46.081 --> 00:15:48.750
There are Guarani in the
south of Mato Grosso do Sul,
00:15:48.750 --> 00:15:53.213
in Paraná, in
Paraguay, in Argentina...
00:15:53.213 --> 00:15:59.177
We have several countries
with Guarani communities.
00:15:59.177 --> 00:16:03.765
And they want this whole region to
be demarcated as indigenous land
00:16:03.765 --> 00:16:08.144
and raised to the status of an
independent indigenous nation.
00:16:08.144 --> 00:16:15.443
And when we look at the areas claimed
by the Guarani in these countries,
00:16:16.111 --> 00:16:18.154
coincidentally,
00:16:18.154 --> 00:16:21.157
the shape of the area
claimed by the ‘indians’
00:16:21.157 --> 00:16:24.744
is the same shape of
the Guarani Aquifer.
00:16:25.078 --> 00:16:31.084
And here I ask: Do Guarani
live better over fresh water?
00:16:32.502 --> 00:16:36.881
I want to set something clear about
this video we're going to watch...
00:16:38.425 --> 00:16:47.392
I will ask you to avoid mixing
party political views with it.
00:16:48.685 --> 00:16:53.773
GO TROOP
00:16:54.107 --> 00:16:56.568
Deputy Eduardo Bolsonaro
00:16:56.985 --> 00:16:59.070
Thank you, mr. President.
00:16:59.070 --> 00:17:02.490
You say 'the Human Rights
Commission has to be more human'.
00:17:02.490 --> 00:17:05.118
Where are the human
farmers to defend themselves?
00:17:05.118 --> 00:17:08.079
The right to adversarial
proceedings and to a full defense
00:17:08.079 --> 00:17:11.207
Let's talk to Luana,
from Mato Grosso do Sul.
00:17:11.207 --> 00:17:13.835
She is quite suited to
represent the farmers.
00:17:13.835 --> 00:17:15.462
I have straight
contact with her...
00:17:15.462 --> 00:17:18.631
So, if the police is supporting
someone, it's the indigenous people!
00:17:18.631 --> 00:17:21.259
They’re not killing the
‘indians’! How come?
00:17:21.259 --> 00:17:24.929
Do you think the Federal Police
would kill ‘indians’ with rubber bullets?
00:17:24.929 --> 00:17:30.226
If the aim is to kill, you won’t use a
rubber bullet, you’ll use a real firearm.
00:17:30.226 --> 00:17:33.688
So, mr. President, I'm going
to ask for a little calm here
00:17:33.688 --> 00:17:37.692
and say: Brazil, in order to
grow and to keep moving forward,
00:17:37.692 --> 00:17:40.445
needs to be
praised for its work
00:17:40.445 --> 00:17:43.448
and not divided and let people’s
wealth be stolen by others.
00:17:43.448 --> 00:17:46.242
Let's also listen
to the farmers.
00:17:49.579 --> 00:17:55.794
How I delved into the
indigenous subject,
00:17:55.794 --> 00:18:00.006
was actually not due
to my own initiative
00:18:00.006 --> 00:18:02.884
in pursuing indigenous
matters, but quite the opposite.
00:18:02.884 --> 00:18:07.055
It was the indigenous
matters that crossed my path.
00:18:07.055 --> 00:18:09.474
In 1998,
00:18:09.474 --> 00:18:12.102
I was 14 years old,
00:18:12.102 --> 00:18:14.437
we were surprised
00:18:14.437 --> 00:18:17.232
by an indigenous
invasion in our property.
00:18:17.232 --> 00:18:20.568
We were at the farm,
in our rural property,
00:18:20.568 --> 00:18:22.904
it was December 21,
00:18:22.904 --> 00:18:27.158
we were all prepared for
Christmas celebrations,
00:18:27.158 --> 00:18:29.953
when my father...
00:18:29.953 --> 00:18:34.249
thought my grandfather
should have arrived already
00:18:34.249 --> 00:18:37.252
and took the pickup truck
to meet my grandfather,
00:18:37.252 --> 00:18:39.629
who was heading to our farm.
00:18:39.629 --> 00:18:45.510
He was coming from his
farm to my father's farm.
00:18:45.510 --> 00:18:49.180
So, when my father went
to meet my grandfather,
00:18:49.180 --> 00:18:52.433
he came across the blocked road
00:18:52.433 --> 00:18:57.105
and a myriad of indigenous people
beginning the invasion process.
00:18:57.605 --> 00:19:03.653
Although I could not fully
understand all that was happening,
00:19:03.653 --> 00:19:05.780
I was sure of my rights.
00:19:05.780 --> 00:19:10.118
I was sure of my grandparents'
and my parents' rights,
00:19:10.118 --> 00:19:14.205
so I do not believe
I went to law school
00:19:14.205 --> 00:19:16.666
searching for an answer...
00:19:16.666 --> 00:19:19.043
Actually, I was not
looking for an answer.
00:19:19.043 --> 00:19:21.212
I already had the answers.
00:19:21.212 --> 00:19:24.132
I was looking for a way
00:19:24.132 --> 00:19:26.259
to reach those answers.
00:19:26.676 --> 00:19:29.971
“I want to get there!” and I
knew where I wanted to get.
00:19:32.307 --> 00:19:39.564
I dreamed many times that
‘indians’ were around the farmhouse,
00:19:39.564 --> 00:19:42.275
I was inside the room...
00:19:42.275 --> 00:19:44.986
and when I woke up, I
looked out the window
00:19:44.986 --> 00:19:50.950
and the house was surrounded by
‘indians’, but not the ones I knew.
00:19:50.950 --> 00:19:56.122
They were on horseback,
shirtless, with a lot of feathers,
00:19:56.122 --> 00:19:59.918
firearms, arrows, a lot of fire.
00:19:59.918 --> 00:20:03.630
I woke up scared and said:
“No, it was just a dream”.
00:20:03.630 --> 00:20:07.675
Another dream I've had many
times: When I opened my eyes
00:20:07.675 --> 00:20:10.303
there was an ‘indian’
right on my face.
00:20:41.417 --> 00:20:48.216
“Find out who is
responsible for the invasions”
00:21:06.985 --> 00:21:11.823
A long time ago, the
farmers invaded our territory
00:21:11.823 --> 00:21:14.492
and destroyed the forest.
00:21:16.077 --> 00:21:18.246
They expelled us
00:21:18.246 --> 00:21:20.039
and called the police,
00:21:20.039 --> 00:21:22.417
who came and chased us.
00:21:24.168 --> 00:21:31.092
But these mountains are sacred.
00:21:37.849 --> 00:21:42.478
And they always bring us back.
00:21:58.870 --> 00:22:01.122
I was born here
00:22:01.122 --> 00:22:02.790
and I am a Shaman,
00:22:02.790 --> 00:22:04.584
a guardian of prayers.
00:22:04.584 --> 00:22:07.545
And I will continue to
be one as long as I live.
00:22:09.672 --> 00:22:12.550
What I do is not just for me,
00:22:12.550 --> 00:22:15.511
but for the people
all over the world.
00:22:17.930 --> 00:22:22.310
We are like the soul of the
Earth and we live upon it.
00:22:23.770 --> 00:22:26.481
And who gave us
these lands to live on?
00:22:26.481 --> 00:22:28.900
It was Jara, the creator.
00:22:32.987 --> 00:22:35.823
Now I will pray for you.
00:24:04.328 --> 00:24:07.498
The first land
reoccupation was in 1998.
00:24:07.498 --> 00:24:12.044
Fronteira Farm - Owner: Pio Silva
‘Nelore Cattle Farm’
00:24:12.044 --> 00:24:14.505
But they were expelled
00:24:14.505 --> 00:24:18.801
because they settled
in only one place.
00:24:28.436 --> 00:24:34.275
Until there was a new start,
the second reoccupation.
00:24:34.275 --> 00:24:39.489
We occupied a large area,
up to the cattle pasture.
00:24:51.209 --> 00:24:56.964
This happened in 2005,
when they kicked us out again.
00:25:14.023 --> 00:25:19.695
Then the community had
to live on the roadsides.
00:25:29.622 --> 00:25:33.709
That was when
Dorvalino passed away...
00:25:33.709 --> 00:25:40.424
He was murdered
on Christmas Eve.
00:25:41.676 --> 00:25:43.511
This is Dorvalino.
00:25:45.930 --> 00:25:49.892
- And this is the demarcation sign?
- Yes, demarcation.
00:25:56.065 --> 00:26:00.695
In 2005, President Lula
signed the document
00:26:00.695 --> 00:26:05.741
that says this territory belongs
to the indigenous people.
00:26:07.034 --> 00:26:09.203
Traditional Territory.
00:26:10.121 --> 00:26:14.792
Then this document ended up
at the Supreme Federal Court
00:26:15.876 --> 00:26:18.087
and the process is
stuck there until today.
00:26:45.740 --> 00:26:47.950
This is the farm already.
00:26:47.950 --> 00:26:51.704
- The invaded area.
- There is conflict here already.
00:26:53.289 --> 00:26:54.874
It’s a conflict area.
00:27:27.448 --> 00:27:30.743
- What's up?
- How are you?
00:27:30.743 --> 00:27:33.996
Hello, daddy!
00:27:33.996 --> 00:27:37.291
- How was the trip?
- It was fine.
00:27:38.876 --> 00:27:43.005
Did she drive? And
you didn't even help her?
00:27:45.007 --> 00:27:49.428
An indigenous man
had already told us...
00:27:49.428 --> 00:27:52.348
there was going
to be an invasion,
00:27:52.348 --> 00:27:55.101
I said, “That's not
possible. It is a lie”.
00:27:55.101 --> 00:27:57.395
That was on the invasion’s
day, or the day before.
00:27:57.395 --> 00:28:00.314
- Never until then...
- The night before, the day before...
00:28:00.314 --> 00:28:02.942
Until then, we had never heard
00:28:02.942 --> 00:28:07.029
anything about the ‘indians’
think this was their area!
00:28:07.029 --> 00:28:09.490
In the first invasion, in 1998,
00:28:09.490 --> 00:28:12.576
they trespassed and stayed
on the shore of a lake...
00:28:13.452 --> 00:28:15.871
And I boarded on my
plane to Ponta Porã,
00:28:15.871 --> 00:28:19.917
I said “they will destroy
the tractor, the plane”.
00:28:19.917 --> 00:28:22.169
And I came back.
I was the mayor...
00:28:22.169 --> 00:28:24.171
I landed, called the
car to picked me up
00:28:24.171 --> 00:28:28.718
and on the way I called the
Federal, Military, and Civil Police...
00:28:28.718 --> 00:28:32.930
When Dácio flew to
Ponta Porã he called me,
00:28:32.930 --> 00:28:35.808
I said, “I’ll go there,
00:28:35.808 --> 00:28:40.312
I'll pass by there”...
00:28:40.312 --> 00:28:44.525
I told my father: “Let's go over
there and see those ‘indians’ ”.
00:28:45.067 --> 00:28:48.487
When I got there, 50, 100
‘indians’ came out from the bushes.
00:28:48.487 --> 00:28:52.867
I left with the pickup truck
skidding, and the ‘indians’ falled back
00:28:52.867 --> 00:28:54.493
as they tried to stop us.
00:28:54.493 --> 00:28:57.663
And I thought “let's go”.
00:28:57.663 --> 00:29:01.542
For me, the noises of
driving over the stones,
00:29:01.542 --> 00:29:03.711
were ‘indians’
that I had run over.
00:29:03.711 --> 00:29:06.964
Then, the policemen
called me aside
00:29:06.964 --> 00:29:12.219
and said: “Mayor, it's getting
tense here, you'd better get out”.
00:29:12.219 --> 00:29:14.764
I said “No, you're coming
with me! I am the mayor...”
00:29:14.764 --> 00:29:17.266
“We can't do that,
we have no orders”.
00:29:17.266 --> 00:29:19.602
But the ‘indians’ promised
to invade at dawn.
00:29:19.602 --> 00:29:21.520
Then, suddenly,
the shouting began.
00:29:21.520 --> 00:29:24.982
Screaming, screaming
and screaming...
00:29:24.982 --> 00:29:26.817
Like mad.
00:29:26.817 --> 00:29:30.279
I looked at the watch and
said “You bums, you're late,
00:29:30.279 --> 00:29:33.783
you said it’d be at 4 am,
and it's already 5:30 am”.
00:29:33.783 --> 00:29:36.368
My father was 84 years old.
00:29:36.368 --> 00:29:40.581
He was at the front, on
horseback, armed, pissed off,
00:29:40.581 --> 00:29:44.126
furious, furious...
00:29:44.126 --> 00:29:47.129
We rided by the high grounds
and all around the ‘indians’
00:29:47.129 --> 00:29:49.298
and they backed
off, they got scared...
00:29:49.298 --> 00:29:53.385
So many times... One day the
dogs were barking, then stopped.
00:29:53.385 --> 00:29:55.721
I stayed in my room
with an open window.
00:29:55.721 --> 00:29:58.724
One window faces the
front and the other the side.
00:29:59.683 --> 00:30:03.229
I got my 12 gauge shotgun
and waited by the window,
00:30:03.229 --> 00:30:07.316
the phone here, I called my
cousin and kept talking to her.
00:30:07.942 --> 00:30:11.487
And he took the pickup
truck, with the 12 and the pistol,
00:30:11.487 --> 00:30:16.492
and left with the pickup
truck’s headlights off.
00:30:16.492 --> 00:30:21.455
In that situation, each
minute feels like an eternity.
00:30:21.455 --> 00:30:23.916
Later on...
00:30:23.916 --> 00:30:26.544
and he wasn't coming back.
00:30:26.544 --> 00:30:28.754
And I was talking to my cousin:
00:30:28.754 --> 00:30:32.341
“If he doesn’t return,
send people down here,
00:30:32.341 --> 00:30:33.509
I am alone”.
00:30:33.509 --> 00:30:35.636
Suddenly I hear “Bang”!
00:30:36.846 --> 00:30:40.975
And he wouldn’t come back, I
thought 'did he shoot or was he shot?'
00:30:40.975 --> 00:30:42.476
I almost died.
00:30:42.476 --> 00:30:45.479
Then he arrived.
He had shot upwards.
00:30:45.479 --> 00:30:47.523
But in those minutes
00:30:47.523 --> 00:30:51.277
I felt sick, I had
a stomachache...
00:30:51.277 --> 00:30:57.449
At the Federal Prosecutor's
Office she brags that she kills...
00:30:58.409 --> 00:31:03.080
He asked me if I had
a gun, I said I did...
00:31:04.373 --> 00:31:07.209
A legal one. Then he asked...
00:31:08.377 --> 00:31:12.464
if the ‘indians’ came to my house,
whether I would shoot, I said I would.
00:31:12.464 --> 00:31:14.300
I will shoot in the chest.
00:31:14.300 --> 00:31:18.304
And I will only die if they
have more bullets than me.
00:31:18.304 --> 00:31:20.264
Then, both our mothers cry.
00:31:35.529 --> 00:31:39.199
The situation is complicated
in the “Women's House”.
00:31:40.367 --> 00:31:43.621
In the other house
there are many women
00:31:43.621 --> 00:31:46.582
and they talk about how
this territory was before,
00:31:47.207 --> 00:31:50.002
and how they lived here.
00:31:50.419 --> 00:31:53.130
This boy went after his mother.
00:31:54.089 --> 00:31:56.759
But the sun
00:31:56.759 --> 00:32:01.513
keeps burning,
even when it rains,
00:32:02.431 --> 00:32:06.602
that's why the
rivers are drying up.
00:32:08.687 --> 00:32:11.523
This woman I drew is sick,
00:32:11.523 --> 00:32:14.443
her belly hurts.
00:32:14.443 --> 00:32:18.614
She screams in pain in
front of the Chief's house.
00:32:18.614 --> 00:32:24.870
Then the Chief comes
out and prays for her.
00:32:24.870 --> 00:32:28.999
Now this woman is very happy.
00:32:42.054 --> 00:32:44.890
- Did this one fall?
- It didn't work well anyway...
00:32:44.890 --> 00:32:47.184
It does not light properly.
00:32:47.184 --> 00:32:50.729
- Which one?
- We only use this one.
00:32:50.729 --> 00:32:54.024
This one no longer works.
00:32:54.024 --> 00:32:57.528
- Ok.
- But if you want to use it, ok.
00:32:57.528 --> 00:33:01.115
This is the one that works.
00:33:06.245 --> 00:33:16.380
We live well... We
live... We live well...
00:33:35.357 --> 00:33:38.652
Now I’ll keep it!
00:33:38.652 --> 00:33:42.823
You can put it there!
00:33:42.823 --> 00:33:45.451
Thank you!
00:33:49.163 --> 00:33:51.790
If I get there, as far
as I'm concerned,
00:33:51.790 --> 00:33:54.793
every citizen will have
a firearm in their home!
00:33:59.089 --> 00:34:02.634
There won't be a single inch
00:34:02.634 --> 00:34:06.388
of land demarcated for
indigenous people and maroons!
00:34:08.182 --> 00:34:11.727
Get used to it!
00:34:45.469 --> 00:34:48.972
Mayumi's graduation
is on the 27th.
00:34:49.640 --> 00:34:51.725
I don't think she is coming...
00:34:51.725 --> 00:34:53.268
If it's up to her...
00:34:53.268 --> 00:34:55.479
she will not come...
00:34:55.479 --> 00:34:58.732
So somebody should bring
her, because she must sign.
00:34:59.274 --> 00:35:02.277
When you graduate,
you must sign
00:35:02.277 --> 00:35:04.863
to make it official.
00:35:04.863 --> 00:35:06.573
You have to sign the document.
00:35:07.032 --> 00:35:08.534
What did she research about?
00:35:08.534 --> 00:35:13.914
The history of the village,
the origin of the local families.
00:35:13.914 --> 00:35:16.542
In the University
I want to enroll
00:35:16.542 --> 00:35:19.211
they also teach Guarani.
00:35:19.211 --> 00:35:22.422
That's why I want to go there.
00:35:22.422 --> 00:35:23.715
I understand.
00:35:24.299 --> 00:35:28.095
They asked us what
we wanted to study
00:35:28.095 --> 00:35:30.514
during the first
stage of the exam.
00:35:30.514 --> 00:35:33.684
I said I had only taken the exam
00:35:33.684 --> 00:35:37.062
to study the language.
00:35:37.062 --> 00:35:41.775
- I’m here because of the language.
- Guarani language.
00:35:41.775 --> 00:35:45.529
Kelly researched
about menstruation...
00:35:45.529 --> 00:35:50.993
the thesis coordinator told us.
00:35:51.952 --> 00:35:55.455
A student from Antônio João,
00:35:55.455 --> 00:36:02.004
- ...from Ñande Ru Marangatu...
- She suffered a lot with her period!
00:36:02.004 --> 00:36:07.718
Yes, she used to be very sick!
00:36:08.677 --> 00:36:12.514
“This woman suffers a lot”,
we used to say.
00:36:12.514 --> 00:36:17.311
Her mother was the only one
who made medicines for her.
00:36:17.311 --> 00:36:22.191
Now, she has strong cramps.
00:36:22.191 --> 00:36:25.360
She's sick, in bed...
00:36:25.360 --> 00:36:31.241
I want to read her paper.
I'm sure it's on the Internet.
00:36:34.369 --> 00:36:36.997
Adenilda wrote about History.
00:36:40.042 --> 00:36:43.545
- And Avelino...
- What did he write about?
00:36:44.546 --> 00:36:47.925
His theme was deforestation.
00:36:49.968 --> 00:36:52.179
Deforestation.
00:36:52.179 --> 00:36:54.848
He went to the landfills...
00:36:54.848 --> 00:36:57.351
I found that interesting.
00:37:02.814 --> 00:37:06.985
I'll get warm by the
fire, the tea is over.
00:37:07.736 --> 00:37:11.657
- Ronaldo, go and take a bath!
- No...
00:37:11.657 --> 00:37:14.701
He does not want to bathe!
00:37:15.452 --> 00:37:19.164
He runs from bath at home,
guess here with water from the well.
00:38:40.120 --> 00:38:45.292
One night, when we were
trying to reoccupy our lands,
00:38:46.418 --> 00:38:51.673
we heard people shouting.
00:38:52.382 --> 00:38:57.554
They were saying:
“LET'S GO, COME ON!”
00:38:58.889 --> 00:39:01.350
After it was all over,
00:39:02.893 --> 00:39:05.479
I sat down to think about it,
00:39:05.479 --> 00:39:07.773
I remembered my grandparents
00:39:08.648 --> 00:39:10.108
my ancestors,
00:39:11.777 --> 00:39:17.074
who said that we are
not alone on Earth.
00:39:39.971 --> 00:39:47.187
In 2015, we started
a new struggle,
00:39:47.187 --> 00:39:50.315
a new reoccupation.
00:40:04.037 --> 00:40:06.873
The farmer's wife
arrived at school.
00:40:06.873 --> 00:40:10.001
She came to threaten us:
00:40:10.752 --> 00:40:17.050
“You may even get in, but there
will be 30 armed men waiting.
00:40:17.050 --> 00:40:21.012
You won't get out alive,
you are all going to die”.
00:40:35.986 --> 00:40:41.741
Five or six families
will stay here...
00:40:41.741 --> 00:40:44.161
You can go, if you want to,
00:40:44.161 --> 00:40:46.663
I will stay here
with the families, ok?
00:40:46.663 --> 00:40:49.749
This is my position.
00:41:12.189 --> 00:41:18.695
Barra Farm was the first place
where the farmers attacked us.
00:41:32.167 --> 00:41:36.671
- If you shoot an arrow you’ll die!
- No one is going to shoot!
00:41:39.633 --> 00:41:42.260
Mom, they're shooting at us!
00:41:56.942 --> 00:41:58.985
Calm down, Adriana, don't cry.
00:42:02.697 --> 00:42:04.366
Go away!
00:42:06.201 --> 00:42:10.956
As we were running,
00:42:10.956 --> 00:42:15.126
everyone trying to escape,
00:42:15.126 --> 00:42:23.760
we heard gunshots coming
from the Fronteira farm.
00:42:29.432 --> 00:42:33.478
And one of those shots
00:42:33.478 --> 00:42:38.275
killed Semião.
00:42:53.373 --> 00:42:56.376
Semião was murdered,
00:42:56.376 --> 00:43:00.422
but the farmers and
the Federal Police
00:43:00.422 --> 00:43:03.925
claim that he was
killed by his own brother.
00:43:03.925 --> 00:43:09.180
They never accuse farmers
of killing indigenous people.
00:43:09.180 --> 00:43:11.266
They always accuse ourselves.
00:43:31.244 --> 00:43:36.958
Here is the entrance to the
farm, this is the MS-384 highway.
00:43:36.958 --> 00:43:40.420
In August 2015,
they blocked the road
00:43:40.420 --> 00:43:45.800
and nobody could get in or out,
nobody knew how the properties were,
00:43:45.800 --> 00:43:48.553
who was there... Anyway.
00:43:49.554 --> 00:43:52.223
And then, it's on
this second property
00:43:52.223 --> 00:43:55.060
that the ‘indians’ show up
carrying this dead ‘indian’.
00:43:55.602 --> 00:43:59.147
Then, that’s it, we
became the “indian killers”
00:43:59.147 --> 00:44:02.400
with a dead body!
With a corpse, with blood.
00:44:02.400 --> 00:44:06.071
All that whining and shouting,
“they killed our leader”.
00:44:06.655 --> 00:44:10.283
And he was buried
here in this house.
00:44:10.283 --> 00:44:15.789
It was a house for
the property’s staff
00:44:15.789 --> 00:44:20.710
which the indians invaded, and this citizen
was buried on this side of the river.
00:44:20.710 --> 00:44:23.296
The Federal Police
investigation concluded
00:44:23.296 --> 00:44:25.882
Semião Vilhalba was killed by
his brother, Mariano Vilhalba.
00:44:25.882 --> 00:44:26.716
Anyway...
00:44:28.802 --> 00:44:31.971
If you look at the
map here, you can see
00:44:32.597 --> 00:44:35.308
the shacks, right?
00:44:35.308 --> 00:44:37.185
Here on the road.
00:44:37.185 --> 00:44:40.730
Here's a shack, here's
a shack, here's a shack...
00:44:40.730 --> 00:44:43.942
You see? The whole
perimeter of the road,
00:44:43.942 --> 00:44:48.863
until you get to the site of the
original invasion, next to the asphalt.
00:44:48.863 --> 00:44:53.827
So, of all the
10 thousand hectares,
00:44:53.827 --> 00:44:57.038
from the asphalt all
the way to Paraguay,
00:44:57.038 --> 00:44:59.791
to here, which is the
back of Barra farm,
00:44:59.791 --> 00:45:01.835
and until near Antônio João,
00:45:01.835 --> 00:45:06.798
all of this is currently owned
by the indigenous people.
00:45:06.798 --> 00:45:10.885
Within these 10 thousand hectares,
which are FUNAI’s subject of study,
00:45:10.885 --> 00:45:14.848
my uncle and aunt's area
is under indigenous’ control.
00:45:14.848 --> 00:45:17.934
And this back area,
which has no other way out,
00:45:17.934 --> 00:45:22.230
that is my father’s farm,
which is in his own possession.
00:45:35.493 --> 00:45:37.787
The first time I
saw an ‘indian’
00:45:37.787 --> 00:45:40.290
I was about six years old.
00:45:40.290 --> 00:45:43.960
When the forest was felled
00:45:43.960 --> 00:45:46.963
my father hired a contractor,
00:45:46.963 --> 00:45:52.677
and this contractor
hired some employees.
00:45:52.677 --> 00:45:55.221
And they were all Paraguayans.
00:45:55.221 --> 00:45:58.641
They were Paraguayans
and “Braziguayans”.
00:45:58.641 --> 00:46:01.102
And after that,
were there ‘indians’?
00:46:01.102 --> 00:46:03.646
There were
‘indians’ in this world,
00:46:03.646 --> 00:46:07.150
as it's a big nation.
00:46:07.150 --> 00:46:10.278
But how many? I imagine
there were very few,
00:46:10.278 --> 00:46:14.282
because here, me and
my father never saw
00:46:14.282 --> 00:46:18.870
any trace of them - a
house, a little ranch, a hut...
00:46:18.870 --> 00:46:21.790
We’ve never seen
‘indians’ in that condition.
00:46:21.790 --> 00:46:25.001
Once in a while I’d see
‘indians’ in Antônio João,
00:46:25.001 --> 00:46:28.171
and some of them used
to speak Portuguese.
00:46:28.171 --> 00:46:31.633
They existed. I won‘t
say they didn’t exist,
00:46:31.633 --> 00:46:34.010
but I never saw them.
00:46:34.010 --> 00:46:35.678
It's the same story with bats.
00:46:35.678 --> 00:46:37.639
Are there bats here? Yes.
00:46:37.639 --> 00:46:39.766
Where? I don't know!
00:46:39.766 --> 00:46:42.435
They don't bother you, you
don't even know about them.
00:46:42.435 --> 00:46:44.229
It does not exist.
00:46:46.606 --> 00:46:50.610
Around 1964,
00:46:50.610 --> 00:46:53.947
there was an ‘indian’
called Alziro Vilhalba.
00:46:54.948 --> 00:46:57.534
This ‘indian’ went to live
00:46:57.534 --> 00:47:03.039
on Dr. Neri Azambuja's farm,
a contemporary of my father.
00:47:03.039 --> 00:47:05.917
Around 1978,
00:47:05.917 --> 00:47:11.172
there were 23 individuals
there, something like that.
00:47:11.172 --> 00:47:20.223
Then we had the first visitor
coming to study the ‘indians’.
00:47:20.223 --> 00:47:24.602
They began to
spread into the district.
00:47:24.602 --> 00:47:27.355
There started to be a
mix of whites and ‘indians’,
00:47:27.355 --> 00:47:31.401
a confusion - because
Paraguayans are raven-haired,
00:47:31.401 --> 00:47:35.280
they are also half
‘indians’, half-blood...
00:47:35.280 --> 00:47:42.161
So the district began to mix a lot
with Captain Alziro's 9 hectare village...
00:47:42.161 --> 00:47:45.623
There is where Marçal de Souza
died: an ‘indian’ who is an icon.
00:47:45.623 --> 00:47:49.502
If you serch, you'll find
extensive literature on him.
00:47:49.502 --> 00:47:53.631
And that reality has been established:
‘Indians’, Marangatu, Campestre...
00:47:53.631 --> 00:47:59.429
Soon we’ll see anthropology
students coming on academic visits
00:47:59.429 --> 00:48:01.681
to a human subspecies,
00:48:01.681 --> 00:48:06.060
which is getting behind on
humanity's journey towards modernity.
00:48:06.060 --> 00:48:10.023
If we're already outdated,
imagine them, who are segregated.
00:48:53.441 --> 00:48:57.028
A long time ago our
traditional territories
00:48:57.028 --> 00:48:59.530
had forest.
00:48:59.530 --> 00:49:03.701
But now, when you go
to Mato Grosso do Sul,
00:49:03.701 --> 00:49:06.621
you just see cattle,
sugarcane fields,
00:49:06.621 --> 00:49:09.457
eucalyptus and corn fields.
00:49:11.084 --> 00:49:13.544
They have cut down
00:49:14.504 --> 00:49:16.422
the forest,
00:49:17.674 --> 00:49:20.510
but they haven’t cut the root.
00:49:21.970 --> 00:49:24.806
And, from that root,
00:49:25.974 --> 00:49:29.769
40 thousand
Guarani-Kaiowá were born,
00:49:32.730 --> 00:49:36.859
who claim their
traditional territories.
00:49:41.781 --> 00:49:44.492
They planted in our lands
00:49:44.492 --> 00:49:46.995
and transported
the goods to Europe.
00:49:46.995 --> 00:49:50.999
They used the profits
to arm themselves
00:49:50.999 --> 00:49:53.543
to chase us again.
00:49:53.543 --> 00:49:57.964
So we came
together, as a people,
00:49:57.964 --> 00:50:01.426
to take back what
was ours, what is ours.
00:50:06.514 --> 00:50:09.142
That is what we call
a Land Reoccupation.
00:50:13.146 --> 00:50:16.774
Today’s fight is big
00:50:16.774 --> 00:50:19.861
because we defend
it with our lives.
00:50:23.322 --> 00:50:25.241
We have organized ourselves,
00:50:25.241 --> 00:50:30.788
and realized that many
of our leaders are killed.
00:50:35.835 --> 00:50:40.006
Therefore, the women
have also stood up.
00:50:40.840 --> 00:50:43.760
Kaiowá women.
00:50:44.761 --> 00:50:48.639
We are here looking for allies.
00:50:55.021 --> 00:50:57.023
That's all.
00:51:15.875 --> 00:51:19.629
Brazilian politics
is very destructive:
00:51:19.629 --> 00:51:25.593
Psychologically, verbally,
00:51:25.593 --> 00:51:30.765
physically and morally. The
attacks happen in many ways.
00:51:31.641 --> 00:51:37.730
So we protect ourselves with
our Guarani-Kaiowá policy,
00:51:37.730 --> 00:51:41.609
- which is our way of being.
- Through our prayer.
00:51:42.110 --> 00:51:46.114
The Guarani-Kaiowá
protest on the highway,
00:51:46.114 --> 00:51:49.867
fight for their rights...
00:51:49.867 --> 00:51:53.621
If their claims aren't
listened, they go to Brasília.
00:51:54.372 --> 00:52:00.920
Meanwhile, non-indigenous
people in Brazil applaud them.
00:52:01.879 --> 00:52:08.511
They don't realize that they are
destroying their children's future.
00:52:09.053 --> 00:52:15.101
Because the air that they
breathe will no longer be clean.
00:52:16.269 --> 00:52:18.729
You’re in the
newspaper today...
00:52:20.273 --> 00:52:22.108
The title says:
00:52:22.108 --> 00:52:25.570
“Those who defend
themselves get shot”.
00:52:25.903 --> 00:52:32.243
“Alenir Ximendes and Janete
Ferreira left Brazil for Frankfurt
00:52:32.869 --> 00:52:36.080
to talk about the
destiny of their people”.
00:52:36.080 --> 00:52:45.673
“At first, they spoke in a low voice,
very worried, and then with strong words”.
00:52:45.673 --> 00:52:48.050
“Both belong to a minority
00:52:48.050 --> 00:52:53.055
who had the courage to return to
their territory, after being thrown out”.
00:52:53.055 --> 00:53:00.313
“The big agribusiness companies act
violently against these native people.
00:53:00.313 --> 00:53:04.108
And they, even so,
show their resistance.
00:53:04.108 --> 00:53:08.196
However, the far right wing
president, Jair Bolsonaro,
00:53:08.196 --> 00:53:10.781
has created a new law...
00:53:10.781 --> 00:53:13.534
A new gun law.
00:53:18.164 --> 00:53:26.714
It gives people the right to defend
their properties using firearms.
00:53:26.714 --> 00:53:33.179
Therefore a new increase
in violence is expected”.
00:54:14.762 --> 00:54:20.518
I would like to ask our friend -
00:54:20.518 --> 00:54:23.604
to whom I'd like to make
a special reference…
00:54:23.604 --> 00:54:27.275
We've been honored
to have her participation
00:54:27.275 --> 00:54:32.655
since November, December,
the government's transition period,
00:54:32.655 --> 00:54:35.491
and then effectively
from January 1,
00:54:35.491 --> 00:54:40.454
when she attended the
President's inauguration day.
00:54:40.454 --> 00:54:48.462
She's a dear friend, a great jurist,
an expert in land-related cases
00:54:48.462 --> 00:54:53.801
and, above all, a great
defender of the right to property.
00:54:53.801 --> 00:54:57.805
Mrs. Luana Silva, I
would like you to speak up.
00:55:04.979 --> 00:55:06.647
Good afternoon.
00:55:08.399 --> 00:55:16.949
Minister Nabhan, I have deep
gratitude and admiration for you.
00:55:16.949 --> 00:55:23.080
I spent 8 months in the government,
and 2 months during the transition period.
00:55:23.080 --> 00:55:31.047
It was an unique experience to go behind
the scenes of the federal government,
00:55:31.881 --> 00:55:37.887
and share a bit of
our side’s reality.
00:55:39.513 --> 00:55:45.644
'Currently, the state of Mato Grosso do
Sul has 123 invaded private properties'.
00:55:45.644 --> 00:55:48.981
This is already out of
date, now they are 144.
00:55:48.981 --> 00:55:53.361
'Cattle slaughtering, depredation, fire
to crops and to agricultural implements.
00:55:53.361 --> 00:55:57.907
Farmers live in a state
of panic, terror and chaos.
00:55:57.907 --> 00:56:05.122
The Brazilian state and public institutions are
legitimizing the crime of private property invasion
00:56:05.122 --> 00:56:08.417
and criminalizing the
right to self-defense.
00:56:08.417 --> 00:56:12.296
As a lawyer and
as a rural producer,
00:56:12.296 --> 00:56:15.883
I cannot conceive, allow
or accept such situation,
00:56:15.883 --> 00:56:19.345
for I would not be honoring
my profession and my property'.
00:56:20.471 --> 00:56:23.432
And a message I
would like to leave
00:56:23.432 --> 00:56:27.436
is that we can never give up,
00:56:27.436 --> 00:56:31.148
because for the productive
class giving up is not an option.
00:56:31.148 --> 00:56:32.525
Thank you very much.
00:56:39.532 --> 00:56:41.117
Are you coming from the farm?
00:56:41.742 --> 00:56:46.455
I was at the farm last week.
There are fires everywhere.
00:56:46.831 --> 00:56:49.125
I haven't been to the farm in
a while, but my parents called,
00:56:49.125 --> 00:56:51.877
they said it's also
very dry over there.
00:56:54.755 --> 00:56:58.175
- This air conditioning is not enough...
- Yes, Doc... Just a little bit.
00:56:59.385 --> 00:57:00.594
Very complicated.
00:57:02.471 --> 00:57:04.098
- How do you call “... of War”?
- “The Art of War”.
00:57:04.098 --> 00:57:05.766
“The Art of War”.
00:57:06.475 --> 00:57:10.104
One of the most
important things
00:57:10.104 --> 00:57:14.024
is your enemy's
internal conflict.
00:57:14.024 --> 00:57:18.195
We have that naturally,
which weakens us even more.
00:57:18.195 --> 00:57:22.241
You see, when ‘indian’
demonstrations take place in Brasilia,
00:57:22.241 --> 00:57:25.369
it's not about the demonstration
of the Terena from your region,
00:57:25.369 --> 00:57:29.582
or the Guarani’s from the
south of Mato Grosso do Sul,
00:57:29.957 --> 00:57:33.711
it's about the Brazilian
indigenous protests.
00:57:33.711 --> 00:57:36.672
Today they live in the
certainty of impunity...
00:57:36.672 --> 00:57:39.425
- For sure.
- They have the certainty of impunity...
00:57:39.425 --> 00:57:43.971
The support’s reassurance
from the public authorities.
00:57:43.971 --> 00:57:48.601
It's as with children: if you let your
children do whatever they want,
00:57:48.601 --> 00:57:51.979
in two or three years you’ll
have no control over them.
00:57:51.979 --> 00:57:55.733
And the indigenous community
went through this process.
00:57:55.733 --> 00:58:01.572
We’ll need some actions from the
current Federal Government's public policy
00:58:01.572 --> 00:58:03.782
to maintain the real order,
00:58:03.782 --> 00:58:05.868
and not the reverse
order, as it was happening.
00:58:05.868 --> 00:58:09.121
Maintaining the order means
maintaining the status quo:
00:58:09.121 --> 00:58:11.582
The owner stays,
the invader leaves.
00:58:11.582 --> 00:58:14.919
Over time, it happens what
we call 'hitting the barbed wire'.
00:58:14.919 --> 00:58:20.090
When you first fence the cattle,
they’ll try to go beyond the limits.
00:58:20.090 --> 00:58:23.427
As they learn there is a
limit, they won’t try anymore.
00:58:23.427 --> 00:58:26.222
If an ox learns, if cattle
learn, what to say about us.
00:58:26.222 --> 00:58:28.849
We, human beings,
learn the limits.
00:58:28.849 --> 00:58:34.980
What are your expectations, as an
invaded farm owner and as a lawyer?
00:58:34.980 --> 00:58:38.692
I have a very positive outlook.
00:58:38.692 --> 00:58:42.821
I see us emerging from
the darkness of the red flags
00:58:42.821 --> 00:58:48.744
to enter into the lights of the green and yellow flag.
- But not in the short term, Luana?
00:58:48.744 --> 00:58:51.205
- It could be in the short term.
- Yes.
00:58:51.205 --> 00:58:53.624
It could be in the short term
00:58:53.624 --> 00:58:56.919
if the three powers
become aware.
00:58:56.919 --> 00:59:01.465
The public power will stipulate
public awareness policies
00:59:01.465 --> 00:59:03.801
because within six months
00:59:03.801 --> 00:59:05.928
there will be a
different reality. Great!
01:00:46.320 --> 01:00:48.322
Now, here,
01:00:48.322 --> 01:00:50.366
in this beautiful place,
01:00:54.662 --> 01:00:56.455
I remember...
01:00:58.540 --> 01:01:01.877
what my grandfather
used to say...
01:01:03.212 --> 01:01:05.297
That all things
have a guardian.
01:01:05.923 --> 01:01:07.925
They do not exist in vain.
01:01:08.842 --> 01:01:10.636
The great forest,
01:01:10.636 --> 01:01:12.429
the rivers
01:01:12.429 --> 01:01:13.889
and springs,
01:01:13.889 --> 01:01:15.015
all that exists,
01:01:15.015 --> 01:01:16.809
the animals
01:01:16.809 --> 01:01:18.769
have a guardian,
01:01:18.769 --> 01:01:20.854
someone who takes care of them
01:01:20.854 --> 01:01:23.107
so that nothing
is extinguished.
01:01:34.785 --> 01:01:35.786
I
01:01:36.995 --> 01:01:38.580
am
01:01:39.164 --> 01:01:41.333
the one who guide your eyes.
01:01:55.305 --> 01:01:59.226
And, for now, the green forest
01:01:59.226 --> 01:02:00.853
can no longer be seen...
01:02:08.652 --> 01:02:10.738
and recognized.
01:02:10.738 --> 01:02:13.323
White people have destroyed it,
01:02:13.949 --> 01:02:17.119
they’ve cut down all
the trees in their path.
01:02:19.037 --> 01:02:21.832
White people say
01:02:21.832 --> 01:02:24.126
that they own the land.
01:02:25.377 --> 01:02:27.796
This is not true.
01:02:29.631 --> 01:02:33.177
The owner is the one
who takes cares of it.
01:02:36.054 --> 01:02:40.267
- What’s coming out there?
- Lamb Pallet.
01:02:57.701 --> 01:03:02.831
With the invasion, we
had our property violated,
01:03:02.831 --> 01:03:05.584
without any interference
as to our domain rights.
01:03:06.084 --> 01:03:08.879
With the FUNAI process,
01:03:08.879 --> 01:03:12.299
studying the area and coming
to identify it as indigenous land,
01:03:12.299 --> 01:03:14.968
the aggression against
our domain rights begins.
01:03:14.968 --> 01:03:18.263
Because if the land is
indigenous, our right is null
01:03:18.263 --> 01:03:20.766
and there is no compensation.
01:03:20.766 --> 01:03:24.603
Now, there was a decision,
a first degree decision:
01:03:24.603 --> 01:03:28.941
the Federal Court
has understood that
01:03:28.941 --> 01:03:34.446
the legitimacy of our
domain rights is recognized.
01:03:34.446 --> 01:03:37.908
Even though the ‘indians’ retain
their fragile hold over the area,
01:03:37.908 --> 01:03:40.118
they cannot change that area,
01:03:40.118 --> 01:03:42.454
they cannot drill
an artesian well,
01:03:42.454 --> 01:03:46.458
they cannot put up
poles for electric light,
01:03:46.458 --> 01:03:49.837
they cannot build
masonry buildings.
01:03:49.837 --> 01:03:56.134
And they also cannot plow the
land for agricultural production,
01:03:56.134 --> 01:03:59.012
because it is a
livestock property.
01:03:59.012 --> 01:04:01.890
And, after the
final court decision,
01:04:01.890 --> 01:04:06.812
FUNAI will have to present a
plan for the removal of the ‘indians’.
01:04:06.812 --> 01:04:12.150
So, we already have an
undeniable victory in the first instance.
01:04:12.150 --> 01:04:16.196
Which, of course, is appealable,
due to the double degree of jurisdiction.
01:04:16.196 --> 01:04:21.577
All these years of conflict do not
legitimize the ‘indians'’ ownership,
01:04:21.577 --> 01:04:24.913
they only keep them in
possession to avoid conflict,
01:04:24.913 --> 01:04:29.877
because the ‘indians’ swear to
resist until death upon eviction.
01:04:48.103 --> 01:04:50.397
Pio has kicked an
‘indian’’s ass here, man...
01:04:50.397 --> 01:04:52.816
the punk wanted trouble
01:04:54.192 --> 01:04:58.280
I was looking from afar. Later, I
thought: “Why wasn't I with Pio?”
01:04:58.280 --> 01:05:00.115
I was afraid, I guess.
01:05:00.115 --> 01:05:03.201
- When?
- That time when Pio fought here!
01:05:03.201 --> 01:05:06.288
Who was with you,
Pio? It was there, right?
01:05:06.288 --> 01:05:09.416
- By his side,
nobody. Behind...
01:05:09.416 --> 01:05:12.711
I know I was there, and I saw
people shades everywhere...
01:05:12.711 --> 01:05:16.715
They had to pick up
the pieces of the ‘indian’.
01:05:36.109 --> 01:05:38.445
- Did they cancel the judgment?
- Who?
01:05:38.445 --> 01:05:40.322
Those who made the judgment...
01:05:40.322 --> 01:05:42.199
I wonder what happened?
01:05:42.199 --> 01:05:44.534
At the end of the
month we should know...
01:05:47.621 --> 01:05:49.665
It will be the third
time they cancel it.
01:05:50.624 --> 01:05:56.463
Now, it will be the third time
they’ve rescheduled the trial.
01:06:04.346 --> 01:06:08.308
Our judgment depends on the
outcome of the Arroyo Korá trial
01:06:08.850 --> 01:06:13.814
We’ve already lost in the
first instance, in Ponta Porã.
01:06:13.814 --> 01:06:20.195
Now, it must happen
in São Paulo...
01:06:21.405 --> 01:06:25.617
- But that takes time too...
- Ours will not be judged.
01:06:25.617 --> 01:06:29.955
But the anthropological study
and the prosecutor’s report,
01:06:29.955 --> 01:06:34.626
everything is ready. We’re
just waiting for the judgment.
01:06:38.422 --> 01:06:41.591
But here in Ponta Porã
we have no chance,
01:06:41.591 --> 01:06:43.010
not even in São Paulo...
01:06:43.010 --> 01:06:46.054
Maybe in Brasilia.
01:06:51.476 --> 01:06:54.396
- Last instance.
- Yes, last instance.
01:06:58.191 --> 01:07:01.319
- We'll see what the Justice does.
- Yes.
01:07:13.999 --> 01:07:18.295
One step here... Go!
01:08:44.798 --> 01:08:47.843
Do the same thing behind, too,
01:08:47.843 --> 01:08:51.054
paint it very lightly,
round and small.
01:09:50.238 --> 01:09:52.490
Come on, let's dance!
01:09:52.490 --> 01:09:53.700
Come on!
01:09:53.700 --> 01:09:55.243
Come on, let’s dance!
01:09:55.952 --> 01:09:56.953
Come on!
01:09:58.663 --> 01:10:02.375
Come on! Let's dance!
Come on! Come on!
01:10:50.090 --> 01:10:55.011
We come from the place where
the time of the great wind ends,
01:10:55.011 --> 01:10:58.306
From the place where it
ends. From there we came.
01:10:58.306 --> 01:11:00.809
We all came from there.
01:11:00.809 --> 01:11:06.147
Where people are created...
01:11:06.147 --> 01:11:11.736
Through our hands
comes the wind.
01:11:28.003 --> 01:11:30.255
I want to listen to the women!
01:11:30.839 --> 01:11:33.800
Women who have family!
01:11:34.634 --> 01:11:37.012
In this meeting,
01:11:37.012 --> 01:11:41.349
we’re dealing with things
that are affecting us now.
01:11:41.349 --> 01:11:45.395
There is no more
medicine to heal us.
01:11:47.314 --> 01:11:51.067
Our medicinal plants
are becoming extinct
01:11:51.067 --> 01:11:53.820
and we’re being killed
by agrochemicals.
01:11:54.362 --> 01:11:56.614
We need to understand that:
01:11:56.614 --> 01:11:59.534
those who have money
will be able to buy medicines.
01:11:59.534 --> 01:12:03.038
And those who haven’t, how
will they defend themselves?
01:12:06.958 --> 01:12:10.628
Since this morning, we’ve
been denouncing violence,
01:12:10.628 --> 01:12:13.965
talking about violence,
as I understood, right?
01:12:13.965 --> 01:12:16.384
And we are trying
to find a solution.
01:12:17.552 --> 01:12:21.765
And the solution is respect.
01:12:21.765 --> 01:12:27.520
We have to learn how to respect
01:12:27.520 --> 01:12:37.614
minors, elders, youngsters,
teenagers... Everything in Nature.
01:12:37.614 --> 01:12:40.742
So this is our answer!
01:13:24.786 --> 01:13:30.583
I am learning,
01:13:30.583 --> 01:13:32.502
I pray
01:13:33.753 --> 01:13:37.132
through my ancestors,
my grandparents,
01:13:37.132 --> 01:13:39.592
to take care of everything.
01:13:41.678 --> 01:13:46.891
And I'm sure they're with me
01:13:47.809 --> 01:13:49.936
wherever I am.
01:13:51.604 --> 01:13:56.317
Faced with the whites
who think they're greater,
01:13:57.944 --> 01:14:01.281
who think they're wiser.
01:14:02.323 --> 01:14:05.368
With the help of
all my ancestors,
01:14:05.368 --> 01:14:09.038
those who are already gone,
01:14:12.167 --> 01:14:16.004
wisdom will descend upon me
01:14:16.004 --> 01:14:19.257
the right words
01:14:20.049 --> 01:14:23.595
will reach their souls,
01:14:25.138 --> 01:14:29.476
because we still have
many children to raise.
01:14:56.878 --> 01:15:00.215
Alenir remains one of the
leaders of the Guarani-Kaiowá
01:15:00.215 --> 01:15:03.760
from Ñande Ru Marangatu, a group
that still fights for the right to live
01:15:03.760 --> 01:15:06.638
in the lands that belonged to their
grandparents, great-grandparents
01:15:06.638 --> 01:15:08.473
and those who came before them.
01:15:08.890 --> 01:15:12.727
The legal dispute still awaits a decision
from the Federal Supreme Court
01:15:12.727 --> 01:15:16.564
and the more than one thousand five
hundred Guarani-Kaiowá who live in
01:15:16.564 --> 01:15:19.359
Ñande Ru Marangatu remain
at imminent risk of eviction.
Distributor: Pragda Films
Length: 77 minutes
Date: 2022
Genre: Expository
Language: Portuguese; Guarani
Grade: High School, College, Adult
Color/BW:
Closed Captioning: Available
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