WEBVTT

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We are Guarani-Kaiowa, strong and resistente

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We resisted more than 500 years, right?

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And we are being persecuted,

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because we are seen as invaders.

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The village is surrounded by pesticides,

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is surrounded by soy,

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is surrounded by cattle.

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Here, we have already suffered violence,
we have had deaths, right?

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Their vision for the land is to generate profit, right?

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Generate money, lots of money.

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What do we want? keep our language,

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keep our culture, keep our field,

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our houses...

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Our Guarani-Kaiowa way of being

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Will never end.

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About two thousand Indians,

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according to the Military Police,
protested against the project

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that transfers the final word
from the Executive to Congress

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on demarcation of indigenous lands.

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We are

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right on the border with Paraguay.

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Here, is a village not yet demarcated,

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a claimed village, not a reservation,

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but it is a traditional land.

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We are here more than 60 families.

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Our claim today

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is really a demarcation issue.

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The identification, the study which is
done by the National Indian Foundation

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already occurred

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just need to publish.

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The land is very sacred to us.

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Where the ancestors were buried,

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where there were the houses of prayer.

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Where he communicates with nature,

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communicates with rivers, with animals,

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spiritually.

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Can keep our language,

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can produce from the field for own support.

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And the field is far from home.

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We have the trekkers to go to the field.

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This goes down there.

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This is from the beginning.

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Red earth is different from sand,

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because the red earth is more
fertile for plantations, right?

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And, they produce anything well.

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We have cassava, we have branches,

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we have rice, pumpkin.

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It\'s a way for us to plant our own way.

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The whites call it the agroforestry type,

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they say, right?

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Not using chemistry, not using the poisons,

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but we are using organic.

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And here

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they will pull manioc.

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Will reap.

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This is our...

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the guarani way of being, guarani-kaiowa,

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to deal with the land, right?

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Jacare Ranch, today,

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the extended family...

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150 families, if I\'m not mistaken.

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And the community here is supported
by the fields, right?

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And also in a way of hunting still,

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because there is still a
small forest, right?

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Fishing.

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This connection with the
earth, with the plants,

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with the animals...

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Non-indigenous people do not understand.

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For example, rural politicians.

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For them, a forest is a profit, it\'s money.

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For us indigenous people, it is
important for you to live well

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the day by day.

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Not starving, being well
with the extended family,

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healthy

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and take care of the forest,
take care of the river,

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take care of animals.

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Aldeia Jacare was demarcated in 1984,

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before the Constitution, even so,

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to this day, we have this threat

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from Campanario Farm.

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They fly by here, spraying poison.

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This sickens the indigenous community.

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And this is very serious for us.

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We try to denounce, we fight

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so that our survival is healthier,

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to be respected, but in this
sense, it does not happen.

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The village is right on the
border with the soy

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of the farmer.

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Here, a lady who lives here a long time,

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is from here.

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The person, here, is more isolated,

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don\'t have much access.

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But they have this little farm to survive.

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They have their own little house to live in.

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They say that when a lot of
poison passes through here,

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they don\'t drink water there in the little river.

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They have more there, in the middle of the bush,

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there\'s a mine there.

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There\'s a spring there, so
they get water from there

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to drink, not to get sick, right?

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They also have another strategy to be able to

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run away from the poison.

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This is a complaint that we denounce.

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Both for the outside, for the public agency,

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both for the Federal Public Ministry,

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to meet our complaint demand,

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so that this doesn\'t happen anymore.

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May it be respected

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the way of life of the Guarani-Kaiowa people.

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The current state of Mato Grosso do Sul,

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until the end of the Paraguayan War,

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belonged to Paraguay.

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Until the late 1800s, it was still unexplored.

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Guarani-kaiowa was an isolated type, that is,

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the Guarani had little contact
with non-indigenous people.

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Kaiowa is bush, forest.

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And it is not for nothing that it
received the name of Mato Grosso do Sul,

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\"big bush\", right? this state.

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Because, really, it was just weeds.

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And native countryside, right?

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After the Paraguayan War,

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Getulio Vargas

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announced that the lands of that space,

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need to be populated.

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But, in fact, the Guarani

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were already there.

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But they were not regarded as a people.

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From a theoretical or anthropological
point of view,

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At that time,

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indigenous was seen as not human.

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This is one of the problems that, to
this day, has not been overcome.

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The role of the indigenist,

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clearly, was to convince the indigenous

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to leave their traditional land,

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where they had been for many years,

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to settle in the reserve already recognized by the SPI.

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And the SPI, Indian Protection Service,

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would be one of the organs to protect the indigenous.

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That was the official objective.

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In fact, it was more to control, that is,

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monitor the indigenous and convince the indigenous

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and allow this opening of the road,

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opening in the middle of the lands.

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It was thought a lot at that time,

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that the indigenous will live for a
short time there on the reservation.

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Since indigenous people will soon be diluted.

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My families, most don\'t speak

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Portuguese.

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And they need to express what they want,

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i.e. what they are claiming,

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which is the land issue, in this case.

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They talking how they got kicked out,

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formerly, why did they come back here.

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The history, the library they have is them.

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They were kicked out, right?

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At the time of the SPI,

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the National Indian Foundation helped to get out, right?

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They came and took us to the reserve

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only we didn\'t stay.

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They would take us, and we would come back again.

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They would take us, and we would come back again.

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This is how we... lived.

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At various times, SPI arrived,

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SPI employees with an owner, right?

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Who bought, I bought.

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This is not yours anymore, no. I bought,

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here is the map, here is the document.

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I bought this land, you have to leave.

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First, it was the attempt to convince.

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You have a specific area for you, but

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if you don\'t go, you keep
insisting on living here,

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at any moment,

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people will come to attack you.

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Attack and kill you here.

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But then you don\'t count on us anymore,

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because we\'re just warning you.

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A lot of family, a lot of community that
insisted on not wanting to speak:

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No, we don\'t want to go, no,

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was attacked.

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It has a lot of history,
it has a lot of region

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that the entire family was killed.

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my mother tells me a story

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that she still remembers how she
suffered the expulsion,

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how the house was burned.

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And the children cried, and they came armed,

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and shot the houses with guns
and they caught fire.

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And took the extended family like cattle

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and, in this transference of my Kaiowa people,

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she suffered a lot, because
she didn\'t have food, right?

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They were very hungry, three children died,

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died there and so did my
great-great-grandfather.

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He fought a lot, right?

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For their granddaughters, for
their daughters, to stay with

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this land as an inheritance.

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She said she would come back, because here

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the born, birth is here.

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In the reserves where he was taken,

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they don\'t want to stay

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because that is not their place.

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Because of this, today it is called

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the retake.

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Before the Government

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in front of the farmers, ruralists,

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they say we are invaders.

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They say: It\'s an economic mess,

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but, in fact, the natives, my father,

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my mother, the others, other families,

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they want to live here,

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they want it demarcated

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at least these pieces we are claiming.

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Because, in fact, here in Mato Grosso do Sul,

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from Rio Brilhante to Parana it was already ours.

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Indigenous leaders presented

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many concerns about the role of
the National Indian Foundation

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in the demarcation of indigenous lands.

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According to the minister,
the Ministry of Justice

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never thought of weakening the
National Indian Foundation,

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but rather to improve this demarcation process,

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to avoid conflicts.

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My grandparents, at the time,
could not speak Portuguese.

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They didn\'t know how to defend themselves,
but they knew how to defend themselves

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in a spiritual way, prays,
making \"nhemboroy\",

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fighting so that the farmers, the ruralists

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leave this land.

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I think it was three months of prayer,

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through prayer, they managed to demarcate in 84.

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In 1984, they managed to demarcate.

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This land is now called Rancho Jacare.

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we are arriving at

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the house of a prayer,

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his role here

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is to help the community, strengthen culturally,

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pray for people in need.

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Here was the house of prayer.

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Here was the place of the house of prayer.

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Here was the gateway.

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The houses of prayer that existed

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here at Rancho Jacare

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today there are no more, because they were burned.

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He was accused of being a sorcerer, because...

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That\'s how the prayer is seen, isn\'t it?

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Looks like you don\'t have that religion.

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He\'s already suffered a lot of threats for that too.

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And one of these days he was attacked,

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that\'s why he...

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He took a lot of cut here, he didn\'t die,

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he managed to survive.

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Here, there are three campgrounds.

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And I am one of the leaders,
representative of this community,

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and there are other families,

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that are coordinated by other leaders, right?

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For example,

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before government...

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They\'re here at camp three,

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in Curucu Amba,

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and here they are waiting
for the land demarcation.

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We are seeing that, from all sides,

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they are attacking the indigenous people,

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those who are in the retake, what
has already been demarcated

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and what is already approved as well.

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Our fight is territories

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and where we want to keep our homes,

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our children, our life, the space...

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And we don\'t depend

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because we have our own livelihood,

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because we have a little farm.

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We plant, we produce,

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not for money, to get more money.

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1988 was an important milestone

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for indigenous people in general.

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Because, even before,
the indigenous could not

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speak for themselves,

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they could not go to court,
ask for their right.

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Because they were minors, tutored.

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Like, kid.

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It also determines the Constitution,

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that the Federal Public Ministry is a lawyer

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of the indigenous, who
must assist the indigenous,

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defend the indigenous.

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And it also changes that the
indigenous person is a subject,

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the indigenous person is a citizen.

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He has the right like any other citizen.

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We have our own organization,

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called Iguacu.

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I\'m one of the coordinators.

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Every leadership takes its difficulty,

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the need of each village,
in this case, right?

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We managed to stay here
with a lot of struggle

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and we faced several
types of attacks here.

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Security against farmers.

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My aunt was violently

00:19:44.383 --> 00:19:45.350
was killed, right?

00:19:45.484 --> 00:19:47.886
In front of grandchildren,

00:19:47.886 --> 00:19:49.488
her granddaughters, right?

00:19:49.888 --> 00:19:51.957
And she was 73 years old.

00:19:58.964 --> 00:20:03.135
I am also one of the women leaders,

00:20:03.435 --> 00:20:06.038
who fight for indigenous women.

00:20:06.405 --> 00:20:09.908
I am also from the youth organization,

00:20:09.908 --> 00:20:14.046
guarani-kaiowa, fighting for the land,

00:20:14.446 --> 00:20:17.716
fighting for survival for our people,

00:20:17.716 --> 00:20:18.951
guarani-kaiowa.

00:20:21.553 --> 00:20:24.156
I entered the indigenous course

00:20:24.156 --> 00:20:26.825
which is specific school course

00:20:26.825 --> 00:20:29.628
to Guarani-Kaiowa, in 2015.

00:20:29.895 --> 00:20:32.764
In 2019, I joined the Humanities.

00:20:33.031 --> 00:20:36.335
I entered graduation already,
it is no longer a course.

00:20:36.635 --> 00:20:38.937
There\'s another challenge for me,

00:20:38.937 --> 00:20:41.540
face the non-indigenous university,

00:20:41.940 --> 00:20:44.142
face prejudice.

00:20:45.410 --> 00:20:47.012
every indigenous student

00:20:47.012 --> 00:20:49.581
always becomes a spokesperson,

00:20:49.581 --> 00:20:51.950
as a translator, as a messenger

00:20:51.950 --> 00:20:53.252
of the people, right?

00:20:53.452 --> 00:20:56.154
Today we already have lawyers studying,

00:20:56.154 --> 00:20:58.590
there are anthropologists,
there are historians.

00:20:58.590 --> 00:21:00.158
We can talk...

00:21:01.393 --> 00:21:04.696
with a judge, with justice,
as a professional,

00:21:04.696 --> 00:21:06.365
like any professional.

00:21:07.165 --> 00:21:10.168
This I think is a fairer fight,

00:21:10.168 --> 00:21:11.203
more equal.

00:21:12.504 --> 00:21:14.640
All indigenous people are fighting, studying

00:21:14.640 --> 00:21:17.009
so that we defend ourselves,

00:21:17.009 --> 00:21:18.777
our right, our interest.

00:21:18.877 --> 00:21:23.782
And also clarify more what
was written about us.

00:21:26.752 --> 00:21:29.054
The government says that

00:21:29.054 --> 00:21:31.957
if they demarcate the land
for the indigenous people,

00:21:32.224 --> 00:21:33.492
you have to mark the whole Brazil.

00:21:33.825 --> 00:21:35.761
That\'s a lie.

00:21:35.961 --> 00:21:37.362
we just want

00:21:38.563 --> 00:21:40.065
that surroundings,

00:21:40.065 --> 00:21:41.500
where we are claiming,

00:21:41.500 --> 00:21:44.536
because we know the space
where we lived, right?

00:21:45.037 --> 00:21:48.006
At least the one there,
demarcating for us, already...

00:21:48.607 --> 00:21:50.309
It\'s enough for us...

00:21:50.976 --> 00:21:52.511
to face this violence,

00:21:52.511 --> 00:21:53.645
the justice, right?

00:21:53.779 --> 00:21:54.780
We want this, right?

00:22:01.653 --> 00:22:04.623
If it were the government\'s political will,

00:22:04.623 --> 00:22:06.958
both state and federal,

00:22:07.592 --> 00:22:09.328
already solved, no problem.

00:22:17.169 --> 00:22:19.438
The sad story that moves you

00:22:20.138 --> 00:22:24.910
and so it also motivates me
to continue to be strong.

00:22:31.116 --> 00:22:36.054
There is this idea that
only a dominant group

00:22:36.054 --> 00:22:36.988
have to live well.

00:22:37.456 --> 00:22:39.424
a very clear thought

00:22:40.158 --> 00:22:42.761
that indigenous people really
have to be eliminated.

00:22:43.462 --> 00:22:45.364
But there is already another thought,

00:22:45.364 --> 00:22:47.132
that, according to Brazilian thought,

00:22:47.132 --> 00:22:50.402
that indigenous should be preserved, yes.

00:22:50.402 --> 00:22:54.473
The indigenous, their housing,
their way of living.

00:22:54.873 --> 00:22:57.476
It has to be preserved, it\'s important too,

00:22:57.476 --> 00:23:00.345
because it\'s a part of humanity, right?

00:23:00.912 --> 00:23:03.682
We also vote, we have a title to vote.

00:23:03.682 --> 00:23:05.484
And we elect too, right?

00:23:05.484 --> 00:23:08.286
Councilor, municipal government,
state government.

00:23:08.286 --> 00:23:11.256
The way they want to have respect,

00:23:11.256 --> 00:23:14.326
also have to respect, because we are human.

00:23:24.703 --> 00:23:26.371
We just want to survive

00:23:26.371 --> 00:23:28.840
we only need a piece of land,

00:23:28.840 --> 00:23:32.110
we need to protect the forest,

00:23:32.110 --> 00:23:35.013
We need to protect our people.

00:23:35.013 --> 00:23:36.181
It\'s human right.

00:23:36.882 --> 00:23:41.286
We just want... to live in peace

00:23:41.286 --> 00:23:44.689
with our family, without being afraid.

00:23:46.258 --> 00:23:48.827
If I don\'t fight, who will
fight for the people?

00:23:49.661 --> 00:23:51.530
If we indigenous people don\'t stand up,

00:23:51.530 --> 00:23:52.898
who will fight for us?

00:23:53.198 --> 00:23:55.767
\'Cause we\'ve suffered a
lot, we\'ve suffered a lot

00:23:55.767 --> 00:23:58.804
for over 520 years now, right?

00:23:59.271 --> 00:24:01.440
We have suffered and continue to suffer,

00:24:02.007 --> 00:24:04.242
and we keep resisting too.

00:24:05.710 --> 00:24:07.312
When we demarcate a land,

00:24:07.312 --> 00:24:10.015
life is already defended,

00:24:10.015 --> 00:24:13.185
because there we are going
to defend whose life?

00:24:13.185 --> 00:24:17.522
Of the human, of the bush,
of the animals, of the earth,

00:24:17.522 --> 00:24:18.223
everything, right?

00:24:21.693 --> 00:24:24.463
As long as the indigenous people exist,

00:24:24.896 --> 00:24:26.932
as long as the prayers exist,

00:24:27.432 --> 00:24:29.634
yet the world will not end.

00:24:41.480 --> 00:24:51.923
We, Guarani-Kaiowa people, will
always fight for our land.

00:25:07.639 --> 00:25:23.388
Over the last years, the number of lands demarcated dropped
drastically. 87 demarcations from 2003 to 2010. 21 demarcations
from 2011 to 2016. 1 demarcation since 2016.

00:25:24.823 --> 00:25:32.797
From the 379 ratified indigenous lands located in the
legal Amazon, 190 are under some kind of mineral process.