WEBVTT

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The notion of the rule

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sometimes

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You don\'t know where you
are or what\'s going on.

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This is a sacred ceremony performed in a
huge shopping mall by monks from Tibet.

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When two worlds intersect like this it
makes you give your own a second look.

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What kind of world do we live in.

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I can\'t wait. You haven\'t been to one
of these before class once migrants.

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I\'m Tom will sometimes shares his
world with me. It\'s amazing.

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So how do we know where it is tired
where should we start okay let\'s go.

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Yeah. Okay. Tumbles like

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a tour guide in a strange new land
showing me the shape of the future

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He\'s an expert in a virtual
world and it\'s a lot of

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fun but it doesn\'t hold a
candle to the real thing that.

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Sometimes I think we all live
in a kind of virtual reality.

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Who knows what time it is in here
what the weather\'s like outside.

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Inside a mall it\'s always summer
and everything\'s in seasoning.

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But once in awhile you catch a glimpse
of an entirely different universe.

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What\'s going on with these are
Buddhist monks from Tibet.

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And they\'re using that colored
sand to paint them Mandela.

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Once a handout well it\'s their attempt
to describe the world as they know it.

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You see this is a palace for their Buddha.

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And you can see that the temples
and the walls and the gate.

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And this comes from a
very ancient tradition.

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And they see a sacred world where everything\'s
connected held together by spirit.

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What do we see a world we built for
ourselves with science and technology.

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It\'s a vision of power.

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Where in charge taking what we need set
apart from the rest of the planet.

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But I think we all know
there\'s something missing.

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And there are terrible costs.

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We need to find what I\'ve come
to call the sacred balance

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as a scientist and a broadcaster.

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I\'ve spent many years talking
about our impact on the planet.

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Climate experts are almost
certain that this will be

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the hottest year on Northern costs are so

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low that the federal government is

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that the common weed killer
to 4D causes mental action.

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Many scientists say if we don\'t cut
carbon dioxide emissions there\'s no

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current when the ozone layer or I want
to tell Tom will a different story.

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Show him where we really live.

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Come on let\'s go. Holy cow.

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It\'s holder doesn\'t fly away

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This is where everything begins
and ends the natural world.

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You get out here and you see how everything
hangs together and you feel part of it.

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You feel in touch with something sacred.

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When I was Tom was age I spent every
moment I could knee deep in a swamp

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So why don\'t you go ahead and see what you
can get just swoop through that alone.

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You can bump the bottom.

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That\'s it. You\'ve gotta finish.

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That\'s right. What is it well
it\'s the dragon fly larva.

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I\'ve never. Well that was great. Beauty.

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That\'s a nice one. I didn\'t
think you\'d get it. I got it.

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Isn\'t big Winnie. Thinks like an
old shriveled up man like you like

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me in a marsh

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or a swamp and there\'s as much diversity
as there isn\'t a tropical rainforest.

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It\'s just that everything is tiny.

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In a swamp if you look carefully
it\'s teeming with moving things.

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Creatures that are as weird as anything
you\'d see in a science fiction film.

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There is a world there that is

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that really is my bug

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where biological beings but we\'ve somehow
forgotten we belong to the natural world.

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I think science has been partly

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responsible at least the kind
of science I was trained in.

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I wanted to go on learning about nature.

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But as a scientist I had
to take nature apart.

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We took the world into the
laboratory and studied it piece by

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That\'s the scientific method.

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My old lab belongs to a new generation now.

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But visiting here takes me back
to how I was in the sixties.

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What a time it was for young scientists.

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We were going to solve
all the problems cure

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disease redesign life
conquered time and space.

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On the inauguration on a fast
jetliner and add travel.

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In effect the five of the
wild has been halved

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A comment we did the science
then we built a technology.

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It\'s such a powerful process.

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You forget you only know a tiny
part of the whole picture.

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Looking back I\'m amazed
at how much we achieved.

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And how little we understood

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when DDT and specialists brands

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sections of the sedia literally
fogged with the insecticide.

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Science has taken us a very long way.

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Take us even further. You gotta write back.

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The moon itself was a first
step in a journey to

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the stars out to the stars
deep into the cell.

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Those were the two great Frontiers.

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I went into genetics when life\'s
deepest secrets were emerging.

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Fruit flies taught us
almost everything we knew.

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What a beautiful creature it is.

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But in those days that wasn\'t what I saw.

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And it was just a bag of
genes for me to work on.

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Somewhere in the excitement
of scientific research I lost

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that sense of awe and wonder I
felt in the marsh as a boy.

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I look straight through the
organism searching for its secrets.

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But that was just the
beginning of the journey.

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30 years later I\'m setting off again.

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Science has changed a lot
since I left the lab

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showing us a very different
picture of the world.

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It\'s starting to describe a sacred balance.

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Molecular biology today.

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It\'s astounding.

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Everyone of the 30 thousand human
genes has now been decoded.

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I came to the Whitehead
biomedical Institute in

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Cambridge Massachusetts
to meet Eric Lander.

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Hi glad the meteor five lines we do finally
for taking the time to do this pleasure.

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Well you know I haven\'t
been at a lamp like this.

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Well I\'ve never been in the lab

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I mean he loves like tell me what it\'s doing
and what is this doing in some sense and

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this is not so different than
the molecular biology lab

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of 20 years ago it\'s just that that big device
there with steel pins and a camera and all

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that would be a sterile wouldn\'t

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toothpick that you\'d use the pickup the
individual colonies and First Amendment.

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About 70 million toothpicks later
you\'d have collected all those.

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And the concept of force goes
back to the invention of

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DNA sequencing more than 20 years ago
but the execution now that\'s exciting.

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What an achievement billions of letters
in the DNA texts had been written

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Order the entire text of a human

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being Evolution has been putting down
notes in this book for 3.5 billion years.

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It\'s a classic which contains
in many ways the wisdom of 3.5

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billion years of evolutionary adaptation
but we are amateur readers of this book.

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And it says if we got the keys to

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this amazing library and we\'re going in there
we\'re pulling down these great volumes.

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There\'s all this stuff there.

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And we say wow isn\'t this coolers.

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And but of course we\'re
kindergarteners reading this stuff.

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How do we assemble an organism
out of these parts who\'ve

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got a wound a barest clue
as to how that happens.

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And what we\'ve really done is we\'ve defined

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And the problem for the first time

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there is a lot more there than we know

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but the walk of much of the
next decades and probably

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the next century is going to be taking
this classic texts and learning how to

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appreciate what\'s in it
and then learning how to

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design experiments that
started with that base.

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We expected a blueprint
revealing all of life secrets.

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Instead we found a living library.

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Each of us is shaped by a
web of constantly changing

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relationships reaching from the nucleus
of the cell to the world around

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It\'s a very different idea of
who and what we are told that

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three to one ad lift off of

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Space Shuttle Discovery are special to

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dock with the orbiting
International Space Station.

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Rooster offers little confirms good
separation of the solid rocket boosters.

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This was our other great journey.

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But the view from space has changed as
well since we first went to the moon

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Today\'s astronauts seemed to be
looking in a different direction.

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I met astronaut Julie pilot at the
Johnson Space Center in Houston.

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So Julie this is a mock-up of the
real thing is that I mean is it all

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done to successfully scale
a scale mockup this is

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to really show what the cargo bay looks
like Bowie when we train here in

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this particular facility we will use the
font by the cockpit and the mid-deck.

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You see very wide and the configuration
of the mid-deck. Building nine.

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It\'s where you practice how to
spend days or months in space.

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There are a number of things

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He\'ll Hey here I am going at 28 thousand
kilometers an hour around the earth.

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We said passing by on my feet.

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It\'s very big at your feet because
you only saw a 100 kilometers

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above but at the same time it
appears to you as one entity.

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It\'s it\'s unique. It\'s it\'s one planet.

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It\'s clear to you as very round.

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It\'s one planet. So your odd first by by
the splendor by the beauty of the planet.

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And then you look down and you realize that
this one planet is the only thing we have.

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Every time the sun comes up and down

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For us going around the Earth once every
hour and a half of 16 times a day.

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And every time you see it very well

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that thin layer just above the surface
boil away above that thin layer.

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And that\'s the atmosphere of the earth.

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That is a few dozen kilometers.

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That is the law that is live and
above that is nothing. It\'s vacuum

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One-planet wrapped in air water and life.

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And that\'s what we\'re part of.

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We humans have known about are linked
to the planet for a very long time.

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But these days we mostly hear
about it from aboriginal people.

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I first encountered this
idea on Haida Gwaii

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the Queen Charlotte Islands
off Canada\'s west coast.

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It took me awhile to grasp
it but it\'s changed my life.

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Haida Gwaii is the home
of the height of people.

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And it\'s become like home to me.

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I got a job for me.

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Oh hey he\'s supposed to be finished by now.

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Notice there\'s a different one
the rising action and it was

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Gu Zhao who first opened my eyes
to our connection to the Earth.

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Now he\'s a close friend and mentor.

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The head of the Haida Nation.

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Six new totem poles were going to be raised

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as part of a huge celebration
of hided culture

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You know as you understand the way totem
poles work it\'s all about identity.

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The identity of the clans the identity
of the people and the history

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than he earlier history
is your identity right

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their history and their
relationship to the land.

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You know I think I could do that job.

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Well hi do happen.

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I have another brush. Yeah. Yeah

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I first came here to do a television
story about logging on Haida land.

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As a biologist and
environmentalist I thought

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I knew what was at risk
if this forest was lost.

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But Gu Zhao had a different
sense of the forests value.

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You know good you when we came
into do that Sean windy bay.

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Yeah and I asked you what difference

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does it make if they cut the trees
down what would happen to you you

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remember what your answer was well I said
that we would become like everybody else

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You\'re saying that being Haida is
more than just each individual.

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That is the lamb the air
the water the fish.

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Everything is what makes the
Haida special people yeah as in

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any other people in their
part of the world would would

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would develop a relationship to
the environment around them.

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And a coach or what evolve
that would reflect that.

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So see I keep saying that in

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the environmental movement we\'re
acting as if the environment

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is something out there and we are

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here but you\'re saying it didn\'t
have radically different way.

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Yeah that we\'re

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Part of this environment yes exactly.

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This is our source.

00:21:33.605 --> 00:21:38.719
You know weed plants we eat the animals
who we eventually just are made

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up of those very elements of the earth
that everything else is made out of.

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And every inspiration that we get is of this
sights and smells and the things around us.

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And when you say inspiration you
mean literally taking a breath in

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and breathing it and the stuff that comes
off these trees and the plants and

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Yeah that\'s you know this is our home.

00:22:04.205 --> 00:22:08.179
And that\'s what what we\'re
we\'re familiar with

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the rain every memory part
of it is is what we are.

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Like other traditional
cultures the Haida dance

00:22:23.150 --> 00:22:28.590
their stories the myths that
speak of their place on Earth

00:22:56.050 --> 00:23:00.499
Qu Zhao described a world
in which we are the air.

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We breathe the place we live.

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The food we eat.

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Science is beginning to explore
the same relationships.

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My journey took me to a world the Haida No

00:23:20.390 --> 00:23:25.829
well the coastal temperate rainforest
in northern British Columbia.

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I meant biologist Tom rhyme can there
he\'s made an amazing discovery.

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The forest is made out of fish.

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Tom came here to study bear
predation on spawning salmon.

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The great wave of life pouring off the
rivers and streams of the west coast.

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Every year fish that had
been feeding and growing

00:23:53.905 --> 00:23:58.269
far out in the Pacific bring
a banquet to the forest.

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We have approximately 30 thousand pinks in
this system now and not 5 thousand trump.

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Bringing these unbelievable
nutrients that they\'ve sequestered

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That\'s a really spectacular
wonder of nature.

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And it represents probably only a fraction
of what came in a 100 years I don\'t pass.

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The salmon bring the forest to life.

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You can see the relationship between the
size of the salmon run and the numbers of

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predators the more fish there are the
more goes wolves bears and eagles

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Tom discovered just how far
this relationship goes.

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Instead of feeding in the river or on the
banks the Bears often carry their catch

00:25:02.045 --> 00:25:08.134
a good distance into the forest and they
eat only the choice parts of the fish.

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Along the Pacific coast thousands of
bears spread hundreds of thousands of

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salmon and with them the nitrogen each
salmon has absorbed in the ocean.

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The nitrogen the forest needs to grow.

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To their salmon carcasses everywhere tough.

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Yeah there\'s who\'s the current
almost almost the 200 meter band

00:25:30.950 --> 00:25:33.304
adjacent to the stray hairs as one

00:25:33.305 --> 00:25:40.830
Um and I wanted to express
this is pink salmon female.

00:25:41.200 --> 00:25:45.034
And what I\'ll do is if I can
first get you to weigh.

00:25:45.035 --> 00:25:49.654
All right I\'ll just make a few notes here.

00:25:49.655 --> 00:25:57.049
Okay it\'s about 1800 grams. Okay thank you.

00:25:57.050 --> 00:26:02.269
So basically this is like a chunk of
fertilizer that\'s come from the ocean and is

00:26:02.270 --> 00:26:07.594
going to spread around the zone
absolutely as 3% of that is nitrogen.

00:26:07.595 --> 00:26:12.720
And that\'s what the
vegetation is taking up.

00:26:13.660 --> 00:26:18.600
Tom and I track the nitrogen
through the forest.

00:26:22.120 --> 00:26:24.379
Okay it\'s getting harder.

00:26:24.380 --> 00:26:28.069
How far do I go Tom well
here maybe about 1930.

00:26:28.070 --> 00:26:30.604
Now we want to go all the way in.

00:26:30.605 --> 00:26:33.769
And but each one of these turns is

00:26:33.770 --> 00:26:37.609
approximate via a year and we
shouldn\'t be able to get back

00:26:37.610 --> 00:26:45.610
to about 1850 oh

00:26:46.670 --> 00:26:49.939
wow was phenomenal growth rate down there.

00:26:49.940 --> 00:26:56.254
The growth rings vary with the size of
the salmon run as the runs declined.

00:26:56.255 --> 00:27:00.829
So does the growth of the tree
and the forest community we have

00:27:00.830 --> 00:27:08.830
relatively slow growth from the present back
to o approximately 1950 in this region.

00:27:09.950 --> 00:27:17.029
Then you notice as we continue earlier than
that the very larger rings growth rings

00:27:17.030 --> 00:27:24.559
and that continues down 193020 to
the early parts of the century.

00:27:24.560 --> 00:27:30.979
When the tree was a seedling so it grew very
well for 50 years and then has settled off.

00:27:30.980 --> 00:27:32.509
So this isn\'t

00:27:32.510 --> 00:27:37.560
A history her library of information
present in each of these rings.

00:27:38.680 --> 00:27:43.548
The growth rings show that
the salmon build the forest

00:27:43.549 --> 00:27:49.200
weaving a world of thousands of
species across time and space.

00:27:49.480 --> 00:27:53.659
That nitrogen is taken up by the vegetation

00:27:53.660 --> 00:27:57.739
that vegetation is now concerned
by the insects that librarians.

00:27:57.740 --> 00:28:01.069
And again this nitrogen derived
from the middle of the ocean is

00:28:01.070 --> 00:28:05.914
gradually cycled through these
many spaces into wider area.

00:28:05.915 --> 00:28:13.915
So the open ocean and the insects
and the birds are linked in a suit

00:28:14.765 --> 00:28:19.669
Incredibly beautiful set of
interactions in which there is

00:28:19.670 --> 00:28:21.949
no separation at all between

00:28:21.950 --> 00:28:27.060
the community of the open ocean
and the community of the forest.

00:28:36.790 --> 00:28:41.659
Ever since Isaac Newton\'s
time we\'ve kind of looked at

00:28:41.660 --> 00:28:45.859
the universe as if it\'s a giant machine
kind of a clockwork mechanism.

00:28:45.860 --> 00:28:49.159
And what Newton thought
was if we could look at

00:28:49.160 --> 00:28:53.704
the components of that clock the
cogs the springs the wheels.

00:28:53.705 --> 00:28:56.854
Then we could eventually put
them back together and get him

00:28:56.855 --> 00:28:58.789
understanding of the entire universe.

00:28:58.790 --> 00:29:00.589
That\'s called reductionism.

00:29:00.590 --> 00:29:05.400
You reduce your vision to the smallest
component of any given system.

00:29:06.550 --> 00:29:10.189
And reductionism has been
a very powerful way of

00:29:10.190 --> 00:29:14.220
gaining insights into bits
and pieces of nature.

00:29:14.920 --> 00:29:20.569
But it doesn\'t begin to tell us how
those bits and pieces come together.

00:29:20.570 --> 00:29:24.090
How they formed this integrated world.

00:29:30.280 --> 00:29:35.869
To study those relationships you
need a different way of thinking.

00:29:35.870 --> 00:29:38.869
So if we can be really clear on that

00:29:38.870 --> 00:29:44.509
biophysicists Brian Goodwin and bandit
Lear park here Santa Fe New Mexico.

00:29:44.510 --> 00:29:49.714
He\'s studying living systems
parts combining into a hole.

00:29:49.715 --> 00:29:56.419
He told me something new always emerges
something greater than the sum of the parts.

00:29:56.420 --> 00:30:02.254
For example they honestly nosy people who
lived here in these cliffs long ago.

00:30:02.255 --> 00:30:08.284
They were agriculturalists and hunters
and it was fairly marginal agriculture.

00:30:08.285 --> 00:30:10.039
So they didn\'t have a lot of produce.

00:30:10.040 --> 00:30:12.799
And out of that they created

00:30:12.800 --> 00:30:17.179
this extraordinary
productive creative society

00:30:17.180 --> 00:30:21.734
with art architecture religious
ceremonies and ritual

00:30:21.735 --> 00:30:25.719
It\'s not as if you have kings and
queens and telling people what to

00:30:25.720 --> 00:30:29.724
do they are simply coming
together doing their thing.

00:30:29.725 --> 00:30:33.939
And then this creativity emerging out

00:30:33.940 --> 00:30:38.604
of out of the desert quite
an extraordinary phenomenon.

00:30:38.605 --> 00:30:44.570
Together they achieved far more
than they could have by themselves.

00:30:45.930 --> 00:30:49.719
Brian told me that\'s how life works.

00:30:49.720 --> 00:30:52.179
Parts organized themselves.

00:30:52.180 --> 00:30:54.789
Creating patterns of collaboration.

00:30:54.790 --> 00:30:59.049
You couldn\'t have predicted
from studying the parts alone.

00:30:59.050 --> 00:31:04.574
Like birds turning and
wheeling in graceful unison

00:31:04.575 --> 00:31:10.740
Or like cells combining to
create a bird or a butterfly.

00:31:15.640 --> 00:31:19.909
We walked through the park
looking for an anthill so that

00:31:19.910 --> 00:31:24.570
Brian could show me the Living
System he\'s been looking at closely.

00:31:25.210 --> 00:31:30.169
So let\'s just have a look at the
anthill and get an idea of how these

00:31:30.170 --> 00:31:35.299
Gonzo self-organizing into a
nice nice coherent whole.

00:31:35.300 --> 00:31:40.939
Alright so what can we learn from these
guys well this mass goes down several feet.

00:31:40.940 --> 00:31:45.019
There\'ll be 2-3 thousand
amps in this colony.

00:31:45.020 --> 00:31:48.469
As they get older they do different
jobs when they are young.

00:31:48.470 --> 00:31:51.394
They do this nest maintenance work.

00:31:51.395 --> 00:31:55.144
So they bring out the debris from
inside and dump it on the minutes.

00:31:55.145 --> 00:31:59.584
Then there\'s another one that does
clean up work around the outside.

00:31:59.585 --> 00:32:03.664
And he says beautiful
self-organizing activities

00:32:03.665 --> 00:32:06.469
nobody\'s in charge the queen is
not telling them what to do.

00:32:06.470 --> 00:32:09.034
So these guys haven\'t got fixed roles.

00:32:09.035 --> 00:32:13.039
They know what to do when say
you can\'t say that program.

00:32:13.040 --> 00:32:15.169
Automata are not machines.

00:32:15.170 --> 00:32:17.824
Now they\'re quite fluid
in their activities.

00:32:17.825 --> 00:32:21.979
If they\'re not programmed How did
they combine to do the work in

00:32:21.980 --> 00:32:27.150
the nest Brian explored
the question by computer.

00:32:29.590 --> 00:32:35.764
Whenever an active ant touches an
inactive one it springs into action.

00:32:35.765 --> 00:32:37.759
That\'s the process.

00:32:37.760 --> 00:32:41.509
A blue square is arresting and touched by

00:32:41.510 --> 00:32:45.094
inactive white square it
lights up and sets to work.

00:32:45.095 --> 00:32:48.420
The more ants the more action.

00:32:49.300 --> 00:32:53.179
You can see the graph of
activity across the grid.

00:32:53.180 --> 00:32:57.000
When there aren\'t many
aunts that places chaotic.

00:32:59.410 --> 00:33:04.770
But as you add more ants
the activity increases.

00:33:09.100 --> 00:33:17.100
Then at a certain density a distinct rhythm
appears and the whole colony begins to act as

00:33:17.390 --> 00:33:25.390
one order emerges from disordered a
collective rhythm from random individuals.

00:33:29.440 --> 00:33:34.920
Brian gave me a new view of
the living world around me.

00:33:36.820 --> 00:33:39.154
Everywhere you look.

00:33:39.155 --> 00:33:40.924
Parts come together.

00:33:40.925 --> 00:33:44.910
Patterns develop something new appears.

00:33:45.910 --> 00:33:51.784
Cities factories ecosystems

00:33:51.785 --> 00:33:58.054
Organisms this is no clockwork world.

00:33:58.055 --> 00:34:03.270
I kind of responsive flow
keeps everything alive.

00:34:06.220 --> 00:34:10.309
Even my heart Brian told me finds

00:34:10.310 --> 00:34:13.080
its own shifting harmony.

00:34:31.990 --> 00:34:34.069
Brian Goodwin

00:34:34.070 --> 00:34:37.249
To see ary Goldberger a cardiologist at

00:34:37.250 --> 00:34:41.719
Harvard with some very
surprising ideas about health.

00:34:41.720 --> 00:34:44.584
It appears that health represents

00:34:44.585 --> 00:34:48.889
a remarkable balance between excessive
order on the one hand things

00:34:48.890 --> 00:34:52.414
being over unstructured
and complete randomness

00:34:52.415 --> 00:34:56.509
and on the other where there\'s living in
essence there will be physiologic anarchy.

00:34:56.510 --> 00:34:58.849
And the healthy systems like to be there.

00:34:58.850 --> 00:35:00.454
They don\'t sit still.

00:35:00.455 --> 00:35:02.119
They\'re always kind of fidgeting.

00:35:02.120 --> 00:35:04.860
They\'re always ready for everything.

00:35:18.580 --> 00:35:21.514
When people listen to a healthy heart.

00:35:21.515 --> 00:35:25.354
What they hear is something
that sounds quite regular.

00:35:25.355 --> 00:35:29.629
It\'s either the lub-dub lub-dub or they
are looking at a cardiac monitor that

00:35:29.630 --> 00:35:35.419
showing something that\'s seems to be
ticking off impulses much like a clock.

00:35:35.420 --> 00:35:38.539
But in fact when you look at the way

00:35:38.540 --> 00:35:41.434
the heartbeat is actually
changing in a very subtle way.

00:35:41.435 --> 00:35:45.214
What you see is this extraordinarily
complex variability.

00:35:45.215 --> 00:35:51.289
It was to us an amazing surprise to
see that the resting heartbeat was

00:35:51.290 --> 00:35:58.140
in fact as complicated as anything that
we were able to find elsewhere in nature.

00:36:01.630 --> 00:36:06.079
If you measure the beat over many hours you

00:36:06.080 --> 00:36:10.609
discover that the heart\'s
rhythm is constantly changing.

00:36:10.610 --> 00:36:13.624
Well I\'d like to show you a little game.

00:36:13.625 --> 00:36:17.764
It\'s a physiologic game that we
developed in the laboratory.

00:36:17.765 --> 00:36:20.719
And what we\'re going to see is

00:36:20.720 --> 00:36:24.468
the pattern that your heartbeat
makes if you\'re just basically

00:36:24.469 --> 00:36:27.034
sitting around this is
just a resting heart.

00:36:27.035 --> 00:36:33.334
Yeah is that a surprise to you yeah this
tracing here is very different from what you

00:36:33.335 --> 00:36:36.109
might suppose if you completely from

00:36:36.110 --> 00:36:39.889
the tradition of homeostasis this should
be if you\'re resting in your quiet.

00:36:39.890 --> 00:36:41.569
This should be a straight
line or something.

00:36:41.570 --> 00:36:47.614
And so one of the ways of trying to convey
what healthy physiology is all about

00:36:47.615 --> 00:36:50.299
is to take this sequence
and to translate it to

00:36:50.300 --> 00:36:54.289
transpose it or to map it
into a sequence of notes.

00:36:54.290 --> 00:36:57.289
And so the question is what does your heart

00:36:57.290 --> 00:37:01.380
sound like what what is the
music of the healthy heart.

00:37:17.800 --> 00:37:20.449
So that was wonderful.

00:37:20.450 --> 00:37:22.609
That\'s a normal heart.
That\'s a normal heart.

00:37:22.610 --> 00:37:27.019
And what we\'re going to see here
now is a very different pattern.

00:37:27.020 --> 00:37:31.999
This is the heartbeat tracing from
the patient with heart failure.

00:37:32.000 --> 00:37:34.849
And what you see here is actually
quite different from the healthy.

00:37:34.850 --> 00:37:37.669
Now. Things actually look more organized.

00:37:37.670 --> 00:37:41.584
They looked in a sense more periodic.

00:37:41.585 --> 00:37:45.840
And so let\'s play it out and
see what this sounds like

00:37:51.790 --> 00:37:55.729
So which would you prefer to listen
to you at the Healthy harder or

00:37:55.730 --> 00:38:00.409
this boy what a contrast.

00:38:00.410 --> 00:38:05.584
So very repetitious very monotonous

00:38:05.585 --> 00:38:10.969
and the sicker and sicker people get
more of the variability collapses.

00:38:10.970 --> 00:38:14.539
And ultimately you may end up with
just one note repeating itself.

00:38:14.540 --> 00:38:17.569
So in the second pathologies
you can literally go from

00:38:17.570 --> 00:38:21.229
this very musical tuneful dance which is

00:38:21.230 --> 00:38:26.040
the healthy heartbeat to what
becomes a OneNote marching band.

00:38:32.140 --> 00:38:36.979
The essence of healthy function
is is adaptability The ability to

00:38:36.980 --> 00:38:39.079
cope with an environment
that\'s going to play

00:38:39.080 --> 00:38:41.539
tricks on you if you don\'t
know what\'s gonna happen next.

00:38:41.540 --> 00:38:46.789
So having this sort of bubbly
type of turbulent like

00:38:46.790 --> 00:38:49.819
dynamic which has all these
different frequencies

00:38:49.820 --> 00:38:55.080
all these different responses
built in gives you advantage.

00:38:59.770 --> 00:39:04.249
So as long as you\'re playing a symphony
and your chest everything\'s value

00:39:04.250 --> 00:39:09.120
it\'s the old story about a song in your heart
but literally that is in fact the case

00:39:19.830 --> 00:39:23.919
We\'re not Newton\'s machines were part of

00:39:23.920 --> 00:39:29.090
an incredible series of living
systems that spans the Earth.

00:39:29.490 --> 00:39:33.369
I\'ve visited James Lovelock
in the West of England.

00:39:33.370 --> 00:39:37.164
He\'s a chemist whose work has
been a revelation to me.

00:39:37.165 --> 00:39:42.609
Almost 40 years ago he perceived the
largest living system of them all.

00:39:42.610 --> 00:39:45.054
The one that\'s kept the
planet fit for life.

00:39:45.055 --> 00:39:47.390
Since life began.

00:39:48.990 --> 00:39:51.609
Could begin the story.

00:39:51.610 --> 00:39:53.514
I was a science fiction attic.

00:39:53.515 --> 00:39:55.889
I had been a sensor kid. I really loved it

00:39:55.890 --> 00:39:59.779
And when they started exploring
space it seemed to me.

00:39:59.780 --> 00:40:01.954
You will master dream come true.

00:40:01.955 --> 00:40:03.979
And I\'ll never forget the day.

00:40:03.980 --> 00:40:06.589
I had a letter from the director of

00:40:06.590 --> 00:40:10.939
Space Flight Operations of nasa
inviting me to join in with

00:40:10.940 --> 00:40:16.579
their first moon landing expeditions to
be one of the scientists responsible for

00:40:16.580 --> 00:40:19.879
analyzing this earth is it
you know to me it was just

00:40:19.880 --> 00:40:23.329
like a love letter is one of
those really exciting events.

00:40:23.330 --> 00:40:27.439
So their lifetime. While
he was with nasa he

00:40:27.440 --> 00:40:32.254
joined a group of scientists searching
for signs of life in the solar system.

00:40:32.255 --> 00:40:35.719
He wondered how we could
detect life on another planet

00:40:35.720 --> 00:40:40.444
Without going there he focused
on the planetary atmospheres.

00:40:40.445 --> 00:40:45.000
What he found changed the
way we see our world.

00:40:52.690 --> 00:40:59.884
When you look at the atmospheres of
the asteroid planets laws and Venus.

00:40:59.885 --> 00:41:02.760
They\'re enormously talented.

00:41:03.130 --> 00:41:08.989
Nozick Venus which it Dad that have
atmospheres but should dominate it

00:41:08.990 --> 00:41:14.880
by the gas carbon dioxide which is what you\'d
expect from the distribution of elements

00:41:23.800 --> 00:41:28.860
But when you look at the Earth
is a totally different matter.

00:41:29.890 --> 00:41:35.524
We have messa in hydrocarbon and oxygen
and they\'re reacting all the time.

00:41:35.525 --> 00:41:39.420
Burning like a cone flame no atmosphere.

00:41:41.800 --> 00:41:46.819
Fewer Martian astronomer
so-to-speak looking of

00:41:46.820 --> 00:41:51.649
the earth to detect signs of life by atmospheric
analysis it would shout back at you.

00:41:51.650 --> 00:41:55.039
We\'re a living planet and there\'s
no questions but all sorts of

00:41:55.040 --> 00:41:59.670
things that come back immediately
from the atmospheric composition.

00:42:05.800 --> 00:42:10.279
And it began to come
into my mind that loan.

00:42:10.280 --> 00:42:12.619
And now remember arithmetic.

00:42:12.620 --> 00:42:18.394
Well if our atmosphere if they\'re
extraordinarily different so reactive.

00:42:18.395 --> 00:42:21.484
And yes it stays constant
for millions of years.

00:42:21.485 --> 00:42:23.749
Something must be regulating it.

00:42:23.750 --> 00:42:26.389
And since I knew that
these gases all came from

00:42:26.390 --> 00:42:31.054
living organisms it must be life
that\'s doing the regulating.

00:42:31.055 --> 00:42:36.889
So now I had my idea of
a system on the Earth

00:42:36.890 --> 00:42:42.379
that could regulate the climate and the
chemistry that all came together in that just

00:42:42.380 --> 00:42:47.040
Wow what an exciting moment
they\'ve wasn\'t a tiny magnet.

00:42:51.610 --> 00:42:56.809
James Lovelock saw the
planet as a living entity.

00:42:56.810 --> 00:43:02.839
He saw how the totality of life on Earth
creates and maintains the conditions for

00:43:02.840 --> 00:43:10.380
life cycling the crucial elements
earth air fire and water.

00:43:10.720 --> 00:43:17.700
It was a new vision for science but one
with deep roots in human tradition.

00:43:29.650 --> 00:43:35.449
He named this planetary entity
Gaia after the Greek goddess who

00:43:35.450 --> 00:43:41.670
first drew the world from chaos
breathing life and form into matter.

00:43:42.400 --> 00:43:46.714
We walked up to a local
church talking about life

00:43:46.715 --> 00:43:50.479
and death and the carbon cycle
that keeps it all going.

00:43:50.480 --> 00:43:53.524
Well this is a wonderful
place to illustrate

00:43:53.525 --> 00:43:57.949
the great cycle of carbon where
the carbon dioxide comes in from

00:43:57.950 --> 00:44:01.669
the air wrote down by the
array that is taken up by

00:44:01.670 --> 00:44:06.604
all the living things around us the Grosse
and the lichens growing on the rocks

00:44:06.605 --> 00:44:10.234
That\'s what takes the carbon from the air.

00:44:10.235 --> 00:44:12.604
Now you can see it right here.

00:44:12.605 --> 00:44:15.334
We can see it right here
on this old tombstone.

00:44:15.335 --> 00:44:19.204
It\'s only about a 150
years old if I\'m right.

00:44:19.205 --> 00:44:23.659
And already the lettering is beginning
to get obliterated showing how

00:44:23.660 --> 00:44:30.810
the lichens these patches of white chewing
away just to get their nutrients out.

00:44:31.120 --> 00:44:35.554
Like all life we\'re part
of Earth\'s chemistry

00:44:35.555 --> 00:44:40.129
put together and taken apart
by the great cycles of Gaia.

00:44:40.130 --> 00:44:43.999
For Jim Lovelock that\'s a
very comforting thought.

00:44:44.000 --> 00:44:48.480
I put my trust in God. I know that

00:44:48.970 --> 00:44:55.819
We have the most beautiful planet something
worthy of worship and worthy of our respect.

00:44:55.820 --> 00:44:59.539
And in the end I\'m quite happy
that there\'s no hereafter.

00:44:59.540 --> 00:45:01.744
In the in the religious sense.

00:45:01.745 --> 00:45:06.649
I know that all the elements all the chemicals
that my body will get it to mingle with

00:45:06.650 --> 00:45:09.589
the and the Ashland and other
living thing then you\'ll

00:45:09.590 --> 00:45:13.740
still be there in a very
profound area Living Planet.

00:45:21.580 --> 00:45:26.734
My father he interpreted that when you die

00:45:26.735 --> 00:45:31.294
the atoms that make up your body don\'t
vanish or disappear. Essentially you\'re

00:45:31.295 --> 00:45:33.304
Reabsorbed by everything else.

00:45:33.305 --> 00:45:36.874
So you\'re reborn again and
these other life forms.

00:45:36.875 --> 00:45:41.269
So he told me before he died when
you see that the fish flash in

00:45:41.270 --> 00:45:46.084
the water or or hear the wind through the
trees you don\'t know that I\'m there.

00:45:46.085 --> 00:45:49.680
And I believe that very very strongly.

00:45:54.130 --> 00:45:57.859
After all where did we come
from in the first place we

00:45:57.860 --> 00:46:02.160
came out of the natural
world and we go back to it.

00:46:05.200 --> 00:46:13.200
I\'m profoundly influenced by my first
nations friends go not unlike the way that

00:46:13.625 --> 00:46:17.839
Cr related this to all other life on Earth.

00:46:17.840 --> 00:46:25.840
Means hey how good a

00:46:39.040 --> 00:46:47.040
job. The Haida Nation is
celebrating its history

00:46:50.045 --> 00:46:53.164
Raising six totem poles over a week.

00:46:53.165 --> 00:46:56.224
One of them was carved
by my friend gou jiao.

00:46:56.225 --> 00:47:00.180
It\'s the biggest pole racing in a central.

00:47:04.750 --> 00:47:12.750
Part of my family has been
adopted by the Haida.

00:47:13.385 --> 00:47:16.819
And I feel honored to be here
and share their celebration

00:47:16.820 --> 00:47:23.748
from just like any other community

00:47:23.749 --> 00:47:27.139
a public celebration
here has its protocols.

00:47:27.140 --> 00:47:30.544
Clans and villages set
aside their differences.

00:47:30.545 --> 00:47:32.989
Families reconnect

00:47:32.990 --> 00:47:39.360
So each pole commemorates One of
the lost villages of Haida Gwaii.

00:47:43.300 --> 00:47:48.874
Holding picked how people belong
together and to the life around them.

00:47:48.875 --> 00:47:56.010
Each one is a map and history and
genealogy and a set of stories

00:48:13.870 --> 00:48:16.350
We\'re using

00:48:27.310 --> 00:48:29.824
favorite on up.

00:48:29.825 --> 00:48:32.640
However that care

00:48:53.770 --> 00:48:58.729
Since time began humans have
believed that they\'re related to

00:48:58.730 --> 00:49:03.844
the living world around them that
the Earth is alive and powerful.

00:49:03.845 --> 00:49:06.709
They\'ve known that everything is made of

00:49:06.710 --> 00:49:14.710
the same stuff earth air fire and water
sacred elements crucial to life.

00:49:16.150 --> 00:49:24.150
That world imagined by human beings is
held together by love given form by spirit

00:49:42.220 --> 00:49:46.249
What about us here in
the world we built for

00:49:46.250 --> 00:49:51.919
ourselves we\'re part of the same
reality whether we like it or not.

00:49:51.920 --> 00:49:55.410
That\'s what science is telling us.

00:49:57.730 --> 00:50:03.630
How you imagine the world
determines how you live it.

00:50:08.140 --> 00:50:13.324
After five days of work the
monks have finally completed.

00:50:13.325 --> 00:50:19.680
Mandela. Every detail is perfect
according to the protocol.

00:50:36.220 --> 00:50:43.950
Buddha has entered his palace and the
entire model is now a sacred place.

00:50:45.340 --> 00:50:50.959
Buddhists believe that form comes
out of nothing and returns.

00:50:50.960 --> 00:50:55.414
They\'re like the elements that
move through the living world

00:50:55.415 --> 00:50:58.410
and unmaking life.

00:51:11.860 --> 00:51:19.860
Like everything else where the raw material
of reality matter transform to life.

00:51:37.090 --> 00:51:39.799
I\'m on the sacred bells.

00:51:39.800 --> 00:51:42.739
We\'ll explore the elements
from which all life

00:51:42.740 --> 00:51:47.434
emerges will journey through
a world created by water.

00:51:47.435 --> 00:51:53.640
Transfigured by air the
matrix we all are party.

00:52:19.330 --> 00:52:21.810
Okay